International journal of dental hygiene最新文献

Objective: Individuals' Sense of Coherence (SOC) is measured with the Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ-13). SOC reflects a person's orientation to life and ability to manage stress, which can impact health. The aim of the study was to test the reliability and construct validity of the OLQ-13, with self-reported general and oral health as criterion measures, in a Norwegian general adult population.

Methods: Data were collected using the OLQ-13 in addition to items measuring sociodemographic information, self-reported general health and self-reported oral health. This study was based on data from a population-based cross-sectional oral health study in Troms County, conducted from October 2013 to November 2014 (n = 1875, mean age 47.4 years, 50.5% women). Internal consistency was examined with Cronbach's alpha (α). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the construct validity (one- and three-factor structure of the OLQ-13). The associations between SOC and self-reported general and oral health were tested using one-way ANOVA.

Results: The internal consistency of the OLQ-13 was good (α = 0.84). The CFA showed that while the OLQ-13 demonstrated an unacceptable fit, a shortened 11-item version with a three-factor structure revealed an acceptable fit and good internal consistency (α = 0.86). The highest mean SOC scores were found among individuals reporting good or very good general and oral health.

Conclusion: A three-factor structure with an 11-item version of the OLQ to assess SOC showed better validity than OLQ-13 in a general population in Northern Norway. Self-reported general and oral health can be considered appropriate criterion measures when validating SOC. To achieve a valid measurement scale for assessing SOC, a revision of the OLQ-13 appears necessary, and further studies are needed.

Objective: To analyse sex differences in health-related quality of life (HRQL) before, during and up to 3 months posttreatment of head and neck cancer, and to examine the importance of salivary secretion rate for HRQL posttreatment.

Methods: Patients were recruited before starting curative oncologic treatment. Clinical examinations were performed including determination of the stimulated salivary secretion rate. HRQL (EORTC C30 and HN35) was reported at baseline, weeks 2, 4 and 6 during treatment and 3 months after treatment.

Results: A total of 56 men and 19 women were included. During treatment, men reported more problems with pain and sexuality, a higher use of painkillers and need for nutritional support during oncologic treatment, while women reported more problems with weight loss and dry mouth. At 3 months posttreatment, women reported more problems and symptoms than men with the highest scores noted for dry mouth, weight loss and sticky saliva. Patients with hyposalivation (≤ 0.7 mL/min) posttreatment reported more problems and symptoms compared with those with a secretion rate of > 0.7 mL/min, especially regarding dry mouth, sticky saliva and social eating (p < 0.001 for all three).

Conclusion: Problems and symptoms during and postoncologic treatment seem to differ between women and men, which must be taken into consideration by healthcare and dental professionals. Patients with hyposalivation posttreatment have more problems and symptoms and are therefore in greater need of supportive care.

Objectives: To assess the learning and relationship-building potential of a near-peer teaching scheme that is low in faculty financial and time input.

Methods: This longitudinal study collects data via pre- and post-programme questionnaires completed by near-peer tutors and learners following a six-week scheme schedule. Qualitative data are analysed using a descriptive analysis model to assess the perceived value of the scheme.

Results: Participants find the scheme to be highly beneficial and rewarding. In the 2023 scheme, as for all previous cohorts, no near-peer tutees reported any issues of negative cognitive congruence and most found that they had experienced a greater opportunity to ask for clarification on basic knowledge without fear of reproach. Near-peer tutors valued the opportunity to develop teaching skills in the supportive confines of their own undergraduate diploma, and reflected on their own experience of learning within a prior run of the scheme as being motivational to teach others.

Conclusion: Near-peer teaching offers a sustainable and effective approach for dental hygiene and dental therapy programmes. It benefits both tutees and tutors, enhancing skills, fostering relationships and preparing students for future teaching roles. The scheme also promotes a positive learning culture and improves overall educational quality.

Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the quality of evidence for methods used to diagnose, restore and prevent dental erosions, by evaluating and summarising clinical controlled studies and in situ studies covering this field.

Material and methods: Three databases, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane database, were searched for studies published until October 2023. Studies fulfilling the selection criteria were selected, and the risk of bias of the included studies was assessed. Two authors independently reviewed the studies, evaluated their risk of bias and extracted data from the included studies. The certainty of evidence of the findings in the studies was determined using GRADE.

Results: The literature search identified 7176 records. Out of these, 19 studies were included in this review, three revolving diagnostics, three revolving treatment and 13 revolving prevention. However, due to the fact that only few studies with a small number of participants have investigated the same methods on the same outcome, the studies do not constitute any body of evidence.

Conclusion: This systematic review highlights the shortage of data on methods used for diagnostics, restorative treatment and prevention of dental erosions. More knowledge is needed to strengthen the scientific evidence regarding methods used for dental erosions.