Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.15
Nurgül Öngören, Abdullah Sessi̇z
The aim of the study was to determine the fuel consumption, torque and power requirement of a shredder machine used in the shredding of vineyard pruning wastes of different grape varieties. In the study, pruning wastes of Boğazkere, Öküzgözü and Şire grape cultivars, which are widely grown in Diyarbakır region, were used for tests. The experimens were carried out at three different rotation speeds of the engine (1500, 2000, 2500 rpm) and feeding rates (kg/h). Depending on these parameters fuel consumption, moment values and power were measured. The branch shredder machine has a 15 HP powerful. There are three chopper blades on the machine. The blades are driven by gasoline engine with the a belt and pulley system. According to obtained test results, per hour fuel consumption, power requirement and moment values increased for all three cultivars depending on the increase in the number of rotation of the blades, both at unloaded and under load. The highest fuel consumption was observed in Boğazkere cultivar, followed by Öküzgözü and Şire varieties, respectively. While the highest fuel consumption value was found as 1.535 kg/h in Boğazkere cultivar, the lowest value was obtained as 0.918 kg/h in Şire cultivar. A similar situation was obtained for power values. The power also increased with the increase in the number of blade revolutions While the highest power consumption value was obtained as 5.560 kW in Boğazkere cultivar, the lowest value was obtained as 3.326 kW in Şire cultivar. Here, there was no statistical difference between Boğazkere and Öküzgözü cultivars, but there was a significant difference between these cultivars and Şire cultivar. When the moment values of the cultivars were examined, the difference between cultivars was found to be very significant (p<0.01). The highest value was obtained as 26.26 Nm in Boğazkere variety, the variety with the highest Power and Fuel consumption value, while the lowest value was obtained as 15.65 Nm in Şire variety, which also had low fuel and power requirements.
{"title":"Determination of fuel and power requirement of a branch shredder for different vineyard pruning wastes","authors":"Nurgül Öngören, Abdullah Sessi̇z","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.15","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine the fuel consumption, torque and power requirement of a shredder machine used in the shredding of vineyard pruning wastes of different grape varieties. In the study, pruning wastes of Boğazkere, Öküzgözü and Şire grape cultivars, which are widely grown in Diyarbakır region, were used for tests. The experimens were carried out at three different rotation speeds of the engine (1500, 2000, 2500 rpm) and feeding rates (kg/h). Depending on these parameters fuel consumption, moment values and power were measured. The branch shredder machine has a 15 HP powerful. There are three chopper blades on the machine. The blades are driven by gasoline engine with the a belt and pulley system. According to obtained test results, per hour fuel consumption, power requirement and moment values increased for all three cultivars depending on the increase in the number of rotation of the blades, both at unloaded and under load. The highest fuel consumption was observed in Boğazkere cultivar, followed by Öküzgözü and Şire varieties, respectively. While the highest fuel consumption value was found as 1.535 kg/h in Boğazkere cultivar, the lowest value was obtained as 0.918 kg/h in Şire cultivar. A similar situation was obtained for power values. The power also increased with the increase in the number of blade revolutions While the highest power consumption value was obtained as 5.560 kW in Boğazkere cultivar, the lowest value was obtained as 3.326 kW in Şire cultivar. Here, there was no statistical difference between Boğazkere and Öküzgözü cultivars, but there was a significant difference between these cultivars and Şire cultivar. When the moment values of the cultivars were examined, the difference between cultivars was found to be very significant (p<0.01). The highest value was obtained as 26.26 Nm in Boğazkere variety, the variety with the highest Power and Fuel consumption value, while the lowest value was obtained as 15.65 Nm in Şire variety, which also had low fuel and power requirements.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139322347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study employs a panel regression model to empirically examine the association between environmental degradation and agricultural performance across a sample of 150 nations over the period of 2000-2020. Agricultural methane emissions serve as a metric for quantifying environmental damage. The measurement of agricultural performance is represented by two variables, namely, the net value added for agriculture and the livestock production index. While agricultural production is a significant source of methane emissions, it is noteworthy that the majority of existing literature mostly focuses on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The primary contribution of this study lies in the utilization of methane emissions as a surrogate measure for assessing the extent of environmental degradation. The findings substantiate the credibility of the agricultural Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), indicating a curvilinear association between agricultural net value added and methane emissions, characterised by an inverted U shape. In addition, it is worth noting that animal production exerts a substantial adverse influence on methane emissions. Hence, the development in net value-added in the agricultural sector might lead to a reduction in environmental degradation. Therefore, the results indicate that the use of agricultural production techniques and agricultural technology approaches is recommended in order to promote a more environmentally sustainable global context.
{"title":"Agricultural Environmental Kuznets Curve: A Panel Data Approach","authors":"Dilara MUMCU AKAN","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study employs a panel regression model to empirically examine the association between environmental degradation and agricultural performance across a sample of 150 nations over the period of 2000-2020. Agricultural methane emissions serve as a metric for quantifying environmental damage. The measurement of agricultural performance is represented by two variables, namely, the net value added for agriculture and the livestock production index. While agricultural production is a significant source of methane emissions, it is noteworthy that the majority of existing literature mostly focuses on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The primary contribution of this study lies in the utilization of methane emissions as a surrogate measure for assessing the extent of environmental degradation. The findings substantiate the credibility of the agricultural Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), indicating a curvilinear association between agricultural net value added and methane emissions, characterised by an inverted U shape. In addition, it is worth noting that animal production exerts a substantial adverse influence on methane emissions. Hence, the development in net value-added in the agricultural sector might lead to a reduction in environmental degradation. Therefore, the results indicate that the use of agricultural production techniques and agricultural technology approaches is recommended in order to promote a more environmentally sustainable global context.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134943789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.16
O. Alabi, N. Ihegwuagu, Hassan Isah, Adeniyi Abi̇loro, J. Si̇mpa, E. Haruna, Jeremiah Aluwong
This study evaluated economic efficiency of smallholder okra (Abelmoschus species) production in Kaduna State, Nigeria: Implication for poverty alleviation. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 120 smallholder okra farmers. Primary sources of data were used. Data were analyzed using farm budgetary technique, financial analysis, stochastic production frontier model, allocative efficiency model, economic efficiency model, Tobit dichotomous regression model, and principal component model. The results show that the mean age of smallholder okra farmers was 43 years. Averagely, okra farmers had 1.8 hectares of farm land. The gross margin and net farm income of okra production per hectare was estimated at 619,325.77 Naira and 559, 194.76 Naira respectively. This signifies that the smallholder okra production was profitable. The mean technical, economic, and allocative efficiency scores were 0.7918, 0.5338, and 0.8345 respectively. The socio-economic factors influencing economic efficiency of smallholder okra production include: age (P<0.01), educational level (P< 0.10), marital status (P< 0.01), household size (P <0.01), farm size (P<0.01), and member of cooperative organization (P<0.05). The major constraints encountered by okra producers were lack of farm inputs, lack of credit facilities, and high cost of labour. The study recommended that farmers should be provided with improved variety of seeds, chemicals, credit facilities, and fertilizer inputs in order to increase their productivity and efficiency.
{"title":"Economic efficiency of smallholder okra (Abelmoschus species) production in Kaduna State, Nigeria: Implication for poverty alleviation","authors":"O. Alabi, N. Ihegwuagu, Hassan Isah, Adeniyi Abi̇loro, J. Si̇mpa, E. Haruna, Jeremiah Aluwong","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated economic efficiency of smallholder okra (Abelmoschus species) production in Kaduna State, Nigeria: Implication for poverty alleviation. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 120 smallholder okra farmers. Primary sources of data were used. Data were analyzed using farm budgetary technique, financial analysis, stochastic production frontier model, allocative efficiency model, economic efficiency model, Tobit dichotomous regression model, and principal component model. The results show that the mean age of smallholder okra farmers was 43 years. Averagely, okra farmers had 1.8 hectares of farm land. The gross margin and net farm income of okra production per hectare was estimated at 619,325.77 Naira and 559, 194.76 Naira respectively. This signifies that the smallholder okra production was profitable. The mean technical, economic, and allocative efficiency scores were 0.7918, 0.5338, and 0.8345 respectively. The socio-economic factors influencing economic efficiency of smallholder okra production include: age (P<0.01), educational level (P< 0.10), marital status (P< 0.01), household size (P <0.01), farm size (P<0.01), and member of cooperative organization (P<0.05). The major constraints encountered by okra producers were lack of farm inputs, lack of credit facilities, and high cost of labour. The study recommended that farmers should be provided with improved variety of seeds, chemicals, credit facilities, and fertilizer inputs in order to increase their productivity and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"255 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139323661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.10
Yağmur Olgaç, R. Kasım, M. Kasım
This study examined the effect of arginine treatments on the prevention of enzymatic browning in fresh-cut apples and pears. For this, 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM, and 0-, 50-, 100-, and 200-mM arginine solutions were prepared for apples and pears, respectively. Slices of both fruits were dipped in these solutions for 5 min and dried for 20 min. Then, they were packaged and stored at 5±1oC temperature and 80-90% relative humidity for 18 days for pears and 12 days for apples. Browning index, color values, weight losses, firmness of slices, and total soluble solids were examined at three-day intervals during storage. The results showed that arginine treatment retarded the enzymatic browning of both apple and pear slices. While arginine suppressed browning at increasing doses, especially at 200 mM in pears, it retarded browning in apple slices at all concentrations. In addition, the fact that the L values were higher than the control and water control applications showed that both apple and pear slices remained lighter in color. Hue values supported both the L and browning index results. Arginine treatment decreased the weight loss; however, it did not affect the firmness of the slices. In addition, arginine treatments did not have a significant effect on the total soluble solid content of apple and pear slices.
{"title":"Arginine: a useful treatment to delay enzymatic browning of fresh-cut pear and apple","authors":"Yağmur Olgaç, R. Kasım, M. Kasım","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effect of arginine treatments on the prevention of enzymatic browning in fresh-cut apples and pears. For this, 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM, and 0-, 50-, 100-, and 200-mM arginine solutions were prepared for apples and pears, respectively. Slices of both fruits were dipped in these solutions for 5 min and dried for 20 min. Then, they were packaged and stored at 5±1oC temperature and 80-90% relative humidity for 18 days for pears and 12 days for apples. Browning index, color values, weight losses, firmness of slices, and total soluble solids were examined at three-day intervals during storage. The results showed that arginine treatment retarded the enzymatic browning of both apple and pear slices. While arginine suppressed browning at increasing doses, especially at 200 mM in pears, it retarded browning in apple slices at all concentrations. In addition, the fact that the L values were higher than the control and water control applications showed that both apple and pear slices remained lighter in color. Hue values supported both the L and browning index results. Arginine treatment decreased the weight loss; however, it did not affect the firmness of the slices. In addition, arginine treatments did not have a significant effect on the total soluble solid content of apple and pear slices.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of leaf water potential and defoliation treatments on the physical properties of grape berries. The research was conducted over two consecutive years (2019-2020) using ‘Merlot’/41B graft combination grapevines grown in the Chateau Kalpak vineyards located in Tekirdağ, Şarköy. The experiment involved four distinct water stress levels (S0, S1, S2, and S3), which were determined based on leaf water potential measurements. These stress levels were subjected to different irrigation levels. Additionally, defoliation treatments were applied, including Control (C), Full Window (FW), Right Window (RW), and Left Window (LW). The results showed that the effects of water stress and defoliation treatments on berry physical properties were statistically insignificant. However, in the second year of the study, the FW treatment was observed to have led to changes in the desired direction for grapevines. This was likely due to the cumulative decrease in water reserves caused by reduced precipitation over multiple years, making the effects of FW treatment more prominent. Moreover, the study found that both current and past vegetation period conditions influence vine production year, leaf water potentials (Ψleaf), and stress levels. Finally, the data revealed that berry weight and % dry weight increased with higher stress levels.
{"title":"Exploring the relationship between leaf water potential, defoliation, and grape berry physical properties of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevine","authors":"Serkan CANDAR, Elman BAHAR, İlknur KORKUTAL, Fatma Betül AKTAŞ","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to examine the impact of leaf water potential and defoliation treatments on the physical properties of grape berries. The research was conducted over two consecutive years (2019-2020) using ‘Merlot’/41B graft combination grapevines grown in the Chateau Kalpak vineyards located in Tekirdağ, Şarköy. The experiment involved four distinct water stress levels (S0, S1, S2, and S3), which were determined based on leaf water potential measurements. These stress levels were subjected to different irrigation levels. Additionally, defoliation treatments were applied, including Control (C), Full Window (FW), Right Window (RW), and Left Window (LW). The results showed that the effects of water stress and defoliation treatments on berry physical properties were statistically insignificant. However, in the second year of the study, the FW treatment was observed to have led to changes in the desired direction for grapevines. This was likely due to the cumulative decrease in water reserves caused by reduced precipitation over multiple years, making the effects of FW treatment more prominent. Moreover, the study found that both current and past vegetation period conditions influence vine production year, leaf water potentials (Ψleaf), and stress levels. Finally, the data revealed that berry weight and % dry weight increased with higher stress levels.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136272247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.13
Gülsüm UÇAK ÖZKAYA
The objective of this study was to utilize vaporized ethyl pyruvate (EP) as a means to enhance the safety of lettuce for human consumption. For this purpose, the antimicrobial activity of EP was evaluated on lettuce dipping-inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 25150. Inoculated samples for antimicrobial analysis and non-inoculated samples for organoleptic analysis (color and sensorial analysis) were treated with 0, 42, 105, and 420 ppm EP and then stored at 4 °C for 7 days and 10 °C for 5 days. Following a storage period of 7 days at a temperature of 4 °C, it was observed that the EP concentrations of 42, 105, and 420 ppm resulted in reductions of 0.8, 1.5, and 3.4 log, respectively, in the population of E. coli O157:H7 on lettuce. After a period of 5 days at a temperature of 10 °C, the presence of E. coli O157:H7 was observed to decrease by 1.3, 2.1, and 2.2 log. This reduction in bacterial count was attributed to the application of 42, 105, and 420 ppm of EP, respectively. In conclusion, based on the evaluation of organoleptic and color properties, it is suggested that the treatment involving a concentration of 42 ppm EP at 10 °C for 3 days can be a viable non-thermal method for effectively inhibiting bacterial growth.
{"title":"The utilization of vaporized ethyl pyruvate for decontamination of lettuce from E. coli O157:H7","authors":"Gülsüm UÇAK ÖZKAYA","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to utilize vaporized ethyl pyruvate (EP) as a means to enhance the safety of lettuce for human consumption. For this purpose, the antimicrobial activity of EP was evaluated on lettuce dipping-inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 25150. Inoculated samples for antimicrobial analysis and non-inoculated samples for organoleptic analysis (color and sensorial analysis) were treated with 0, 42, 105, and 420 ppm EP and then stored at 4 °C for 7 days and 10 °C for 5 days. Following a storage period of 7 days at a temperature of 4 °C, it was observed that the EP concentrations of 42, 105, and 420 ppm resulted in reductions of 0.8, 1.5, and 3.4 log, respectively, in the population of E. coli O157:H7 on lettuce. After a period of 5 days at a temperature of 10 °C, the presence of E. coli O157:H7 was observed to decrease by 1.3, 2.1, and 2.2 log. This reduction in bacterial count was attributed to the application of 42, 105, and 420 ppm of EP, respectively. In conclusion, based on the evaluation of organoleptic and color properties, it is suggested that the treatment involving a concentration of 42 ppm EP at 10 °C for 3 days can be a viable non-thermal method for effectively inhibiting bacterial growth.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silage sorghum has the feature of being an alternative to silage maize in many ways. Considering this feature, the nutritional contents and physical properties of silage maize and silage sorghum were examined. The aim of this study was to compare the physiological and quality characteristics of silage maize and silage sorghum under different irrigation treatments (M100-S100, M80-S80, M60-S60, M40-S40, and M20-S20). This study examined the physiological characteristics (chlorophyll content, plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves) and quality characteristics (acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and protein content (HP)) of second-crop silage maize and silage sorghum. Chlorophyll contents were measured before and after irrigation. These measurements showed that irrigation had no effect on the chlorophyll content in both plants in the middle of the growth period, and chlorophyll contents decreased towards the harvest. There was no significant difference between silage maize and silage sorghum plant height values. In the mean values for both years in which the plants were examined, stem diameter values and numbers of leaves were higher in sorghum compared to maize (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between maize and sorghum in terms of their protein contents (8.47% and 8.25%, respectively), acid detergent fiber (ADF), or neutral detergent fiber (NDF) values. In this case, it was seen that sorghum can be an alternative to maize in terms of nutritional quality. The protein contents of both plants decreased from the 100% irrigated treatment to the 20% irrigated treatment (p<0.01). This study will provide valuable information to feed producers and researchers in terms of comparing the physiological and quality characteristics of silage maize and silage sorghum under deficit irrigation conditions.
{"title":"Comparison of physical and quality characteristics of silage maize and silage sorghum under deficit irrigation conditions","authors":"Mualla KETEN GÖKKUŞ, Hasan DEGİRMENCİ","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"Silage sorghum has the feature of being an alternative to silage maize in many ways. Considering this feature, the nutritional contents and physical properties of silage maize and silage sorghum were examined. The aim of this study was to compare the physiological and quality characteristics of silage maize and silage sorghum under different irrigation treatments (M100-S100, M80-S80, M60-S60, M40-S40, and M20-S20). This study examined the physiological characteristics (chlorophyll content, plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves) and quality characteristics (acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and protein content (HP)) of second-crop silage maize and silage sorghum. Chlorophyll contents were measured before and after irrigation. These measurements showed that irrigation had no effect on the chlorophyll content in both plants in the middle of the growth period, and chlorophyll contents decreased towards the harvest. There was no significant difference between silage maize and silage sorghum plant height values. In the mean values for both years in which the plants were examined, stem diameter values and numbers of leaves were higher in sorghum compared to maize (p&lt;0.05). There was no significant difference between maize and sorghum in terms of their protein contents (8.47% and 8.25%, respectively), acid detergent fiber (ADF), or neutral detergent fiber (NDF) values. In this case, it was seen that sorghum can be an alternative to maize in terms of nutritional quality. The protein contents of both plants decreased from the 100% irrigated treatment to the 20% irrigated treatment (p&lt;0.01). This study will provide valuable information to feed producers and researchers in terms of comparing the physiological and quality characteristics of silage maize and silage sorghum under deficit irrigation conditions.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.11
Zeliha GÖKBAYRAK, Hakan ENGİN
Understanding the anatomical aspects of adventitious root primordium formation can provide valuable insights into the improvement of propagation techniques, rootstock selection, and overall vineyard management practices in Vitis spp. This work was carried out to investigate anatomical root primordium formation in the rooted cuttings of Cabernet Sauvignon (CS, Vitis vinifera L.) and the rootstock Kober 5BB (Vitis berlandieri x V. riparia) with their relationship to stem anatomy. One-node cuttings were grown under temperature-controlled conditions for 8 weeks. After removal of the roots and calli, the stem parts were fixed in a fixative solution. A revised method of safranin staining was applied to the 90 µm thick cross-sections made with a hand microtome. It was observed that root primordia were derived from the two different regions of the cane tissues: from the groups of cells close to the outside of the conductive tissue system and from the cell groups in the deeper site, close to the pith. Cultivars showed significant differences in terms of the regions where they had their root primordial initials. Number of potential root primordia was statistically higher in CS. Both CS and 5BB had root angles in the range of 83° to 86°. It was concluded that grapevine cuttings had only induced root primordia and the capacity to produce them was dependent on the genotype. Formation and development of root primordia and the anatomical differentiation of the cell groups were similar in Cabernet Sauvignon and 5BB.
了解不定根原基形成的解剖学方面可以为葡萄属植物的繁殖技术、砧木选择和整体葡萄园管理实践的改进提供有价值的见解。本研究对赤霞珠(Cabernet Sauvignon, CS, Vitis vinifera L.)和Kober 5BB (Vitis berlandieri x V. riparia)根系插条的解剖性根原基形成及其与茎解剖的关系进行了研究。单节扦插在温控条件下培养8周。除去根和愈伤组织后，将茎部固定在固定液中。用手切片机对90µm厚的横截面进行修改后的红花素染色。观察到根原基来源于甘蔗组织的两个不同区域:靠近导电组织系统外部的细胞群和靠近髓的更深部位的细胞群。不同的品种在其根原始首字母的位置上表现出显著的差异。潜在根原基数量在CS组中有统计学意义。CS和5BB的根角在83°~ 86°之间。结果表明，葡萄扦插只诱导出根原基，而产生根原基的能力取决于基因型。赤霞珠和5BB的根原基形成、发育和细胞群的解剖分化相似。
{"title":"Anatomical observations on formation and development of adventitious root primordium in canes of Vitis sp.","authors":"Zeliha GÖKBAYRAK, Hakan ENGİN","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the anatomical aspects of adventitious root primordium formation can provide valuable insights into the improvement of propagation techniques, rootstock selection, and overall vineyard management practices in Vitis spp. This work was carried out to investigate anatomical root primordium formation in the rooted cuttings of Cabernet Sauvignon (CS, Vitis vinifera L.) and the rootstock Kober 5BB (Vitis berlandieri x V. riparia) with their relationship to stem anatomy. One-node cuttings were grown under temperature-controlled conditions for 8 weeks. After removal of the roots and calli, the stem parts were fixed in a fixative solution. A revised method of safranin staining was applied to the 90 µm thick cross-sections made with a hand microtome. It was observed that root primordia were derived from the two different regions of the cane tissues: from the groups of cells close to the outside of the conductive tissue system and from the cell groups in the deeper site, close to the pith. Cultivars showed significant differences in terms of the regions where they had their root primordial initials. Number of potential root primordia was statistically higher in CS. Both CS and 5BB had root angles in the range of 83° to 86°. It was concluded that grapevine cuttings had only induced root primordia and the capacity to produce them was dependent on the genotype. Formation and development of root primordia and the anatomical differentiation of the cell groups were similar in Cabernet Sauvignon and 5BB.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.18
Muzaffer BARUT, Leyla Sezen TANSI, Şengül KARAMAN
Marigold is an annual herbaceous medicinal and aromatic plant, native to the Mediterranean region. Although marigold flowers have attracted considerable attention, the noteworthy characteristics of marigold seeds have often been overlooked. The industrial sector holds keen interest in marigold due to the presence of calendic acid in its seeds. Moreover, calendic acid exhibits promising anti-cancer properties, adding to the growing interest in the medicinal potential of this plant. In this study, a total of 31 marigold genotype seeds from fifteen different countries were used as experimental material. The observed seed oil content exhibited a range of values spanning from 6.00% to 20.33%, with a mean value of 11.59%. GC/MS analysis was conducted to evaluate the chemical variability associated with genotypic changes. Notably, the main fatty acids observed in the oil of these genotypes were α-calendic acid (ranging from 6.91% to 51.42%), linoleic acid (ranging from 30.50% to 48.25%), oleic acid (ranging from 8.26% to 22.50%), and palmitic acid (ranging from 3.86% to 9.28%). Particularly noteworthy is the emergence of genotypes PI 420376, PI 545694, PI 545701, PI 578109, PI 597588, PI 597591, and PI 597594, boasting calendic acid content exceeding 50%. Furthermore, the values of calendic acid exhibit significant variation across countries. The range extends from the United Kingdom, displaying one of the lower values, to Ontario, Canada, which represents countries with notably higher values. Consequently, there exists a necessity to enhance the proportion of calendic acid within marigold through strategic plant breeding techniques. This can be achieved through the selection and development of marigold cultivars with higher calendic acid contents.
{"title":"Unveiling the phytochemical variability of fatty acids in world marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) germplasm affected by genotype","authors":"Muzaffer BARUT, Leyla Sezen TANSI, Şengül KARAMAN","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.18","url":null,"abstract":"Marigold is an annual herbaceous medicinal and aromatic plant, native to the Mediterranean region. Although marigold flowers have attracted considerable attention, the noteworthy characteristics of marigold seeds have often been overlooked. The industrial sector holds keen interest in marigold due to the presence of calendic acid in its seeds. Moreover, calendic acid exhibits promising anti-cancer properties, adding to the growing interest in the medicinal potential of this plant. In this study, a total of 31 marigold genotype seeds from fifteen different countries were used as experimental material. The observed seed oil content exhibited a range of values spanning from 6.00% to 20.33%, with a mean value of 11.59%. GC/MS analysis was conducted to evaluate the chemical variability associated with genotypic changes. Notably, the main fatty acids observed in the oil of these genotypes were α-calendic acid (ranging from 6.91% to 51.42%), linoleic acid (ranging from 30.50% to 48.25%), oleic acid (ranging from 8.26% to 22.50%), and palmitic acid (ranging from 3.86% to 9.28%). Particularly noteworthy is the emergence of genotypes PI 420376, PI 545694, PI 545701, PI 578109, PI 597588, PI 597591, and PI 597594, boasting calendic acid content exceeding 50%. Furthermore, the values of calendic acid exhibit significant variation across countries. The range extends from the United Kingdom, displaying one of the lower values, to Ontario, Canada, which represents countries with notably higher values. Consequently, there exists a necessity to enhance the proportion of calendic acid within marigold through strategic plant breeding techniques. This can be achieved through the selection and development of marigold cultivars with higher calendic acid contents.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136278983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Remzi UĞUR, Muhammet Ali GÜNDEŞLİ, Hacı Osman ÖZATAR, Mesut ÖZEN, Serkan ARAS
Fig (Ficus carica L.) is a fruit species whose cultural history is old, what is making it related to the Ficus genus of the Moraceae (Mulberry) family. The study was conducted in Kahramanmaras and Osmaniye, that are located in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, in 2016-2022. Fig cultivation is extensive in that area and at the same time in the natural fig plantation regions. Pomological and phenological analyzes were carried out on 20 fig genotypes determined in the research. The fruit weight of the fig genotypes varied between 80.79 - 40.37 g, and the average peel thickness was between 3.79-2.28 mm. The highest soluble solids value is in the genotypes 46-OS-1 at 25%, whereas the lowest soluble solids value is in the genotypes 46-TR-9 and 80-DZ-2 at 17%, and the highest acidity value is 46-OS-3 at 0.37%. The Figs genotypes were divided into two main groups in terms of fruit shape: flattened spherical and round. All genotypes were either short or moderately necked apart from one genotype. The majority of genotypes were found in yellow tones, some in purple tones, and the color of the fruit flesh was mostly in amber tones in terms of the color of the fruit skin. As a result of the study, it was revealed that Kahramanmaras and Osmaniye provinces in the Eastern Mediterranean Region have fig natural distribution areas and new varieties can be developed by selection breeding in these localities.
{"title":"Determination of fruit characteristics of some fig genotypes (Ficus carica L.) obtained by selection breeding in the eastern Mediterranean region","authors":"Remzi UĞUR, Muhammet Ali GÜNDEŞLİ, Hacı Osman ÖZATAR, Mesut ÖZEN, Serkan ARAS","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Fig (Ficus carica L.) is a fruit species whose cultural history is old, what is making it related to the Ficus genus of the Moraceae (Mulberry) family. The study was conducted in Kahramanmaras and Osmaniye, that are located in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, in 2016-2022. Fig cultivation is extensive in that area and at the same time in the natural fig plantation regions. Pomological and phenological analyzes were carried out on 20 fig genotypes determined in the research. The fruit weight of the fig genotypes varied between 80.79 - 40.37 g, and the average peel thickness was between 3.79-2.28 mm. The highest soluble solids value is in the genotypes 46-OS-1 at 25%, whereas the lowest soluble solids value is in the genotypes 46-TR-9 and 80-DZ-2 at 17%, and the highest acidity value is 46-OS-3 at 0.37%. The Figs genotypes were divided into two main groups in terms of fruit shape: flattened spherical and round. All genotypes were either short or moderately necked apart from one genotype. The majority of genotypes were found in yellow tones, some in purple tones, and the color of the fruit flesh was mostly in amber tones in terms of the color of the fruit skin. As a result of the study, it was revealed that Kahramanmaras and Osmaniye provinces in the Eastern Mediterranean Region have fig natural distribution areas and new varieties can be developed by selection breeding in these localities.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136271477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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