Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.2.118-125
Bokai Zhang, Elkhorn Nebraska Usa Mount Michael Road
The forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor protein family is responsible for a wide range of biological activities, especially in development and cell differentiation. The highly conserved gene family span from worms to mammals, and has at least 41 members in the human genome. By analyzing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), this study examined the correlation of expression between each human FOX members in 31 types of cancer cells in the form of heatmaps and scatterplots. The primary goal was to identify significant correlations between certain FOX family members and different types of cancers. The study identified a close expressional correlation between FOXC2 and FOXL1 genes, which exists within a cluster at 16q24.1. Other significant relations in particular types of tumor tissues were also noted.
{"title":"Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals Expressional Correlations between Forkhead Box Family Members","authors":"Bokai Zhang, Elkhorn Nebraska Usa Mount Michael Road","doi":"10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.2.118-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.2.118-125","url":null,"abstract":"The forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor protein family is responsible for a wide range of biological activities, especially in development and cell differentiation. The highly conserved gene family span from worms to mammals, and has at least 41 members in the human genome. By analyzing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), this study examined the correlation of expression between each human FOX members in 31 types of cancer cells in the form of heatmaps and scatterplots. The primary goal was to identify significant correlations between certain FOX family members and different types of cancers. The study identified a close expressional correlation between FOXC2 and FOXL1 genes, which exists within a cluster at 16q24.1. Other significant relations in particular types of tumor tissues were also noted.","PeriodicalId":13816,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83512203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.17706/IJBBB.2019.9.1.65-72
M. Timofti, C. Iticescu, Maxim Arseni, Madalina Calmuc, V. Calmuc, L. Georgescu
In Romania, the surface waters monitoring is carried out for most of the water quality indicators, according to the specific European Directives, generally once a month. The most important surface water in Romania is the Danube River, which is the second largest river in Europe. In this study, approximatively 30 chemical and physico-chemical indicators were monitored weekly for over a two-month period. The parameters were determined using different types of methods (volumetric, electrochemical, spectrophotometry, AAS). The results obtained were subjected to a preliminary statistical study which included: t-Test, Pearson correlation and BoxPlot representation. Other statistical methods among which ANOVA, PCA, FA etc. will be applied later. Preliminary statistical methods have led to some expected results, but also to some surprising results. For some of the indicators (e.g., nutrients), it would be better if the monitoring were performed weekly rather than monthly as it is performed in the moment. This would help authorities intervene in time to identify the pollution event and, why not, the polluter.
{"title":"Preliminary Analysis on the River Danube Water Quality by Using Different Kinds of Methods","authors":"M. Timofti, C. Iticescu, Maxim Arseni, Madalina Calmuc, V. Calmuc, L. Georgescu","doi":"10.17706/IJBBB.2019.9.1.65-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17706/IJBBB.2019.9.1.65-72","url":null,"abstract":"In Romania, the surface waters monitoring is carried out for most of the water quality indicators, according to the specific European Directives, generally once a month. The most important surface water in Romania is the Danube River, which is the second largest river in Europe. In this study, approximatively 30 chemical and physico-chemical indicators were monitored weekly for over a two-month period. The parameters were determined using different types of methods (volumetric, electrochemical, spectrophotometry, AAS). The results obtained were subjected to a preliminary statistical study which included: t-Test, Pearson correlation and BoxPlot representation. Other statistical methods among which ANOVA, PCA, FA etc. will be applied later. Preliminary statistical methods have led to some expected results, but also to some surprising results. For some of the indicators (e.g., nutrients), it would be better if the monitoring were performed weekly rather than monthly as it is performed in the moment. This would help authorities intervene in time to identify the pollution event and, why not, the polluter.","PeriodicalId":13816,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78152605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.2.73-81
H. Lee, Jong Seol Lee, Hyun-Sup Kang, K. Ryu
Supervised and unsupervised learning techniques are increasingly applied to improve medical decision-making. Medical-recorded data also have accumulated large amount of information about patients and their medical conditions. Relationship and patterns within this data could provide new medical knowledge. Unfortunately, few methodologies have been developed and applied to discover this hidden knowledge. In this paper, we propose projected clustering method for generating clusters of similar bio-signal patterns from medical data to be analyzed and the various classification methods for reflecting information of heart signal on the classification/prediction model. The experiments show that the optimal cluster is constructed by applying PROCLUS algorithm and it has from 0.881 to 0.9 f1-value index of prediction under test data.
{"title":"Projected Clustering Methods for Predicting Heart Disease","authors":"H. Lee, Jong Seol Lee, Hyun-Sup Kang, K. Ryu","doi":"10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.2.73-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.2.73-81","url":null,"abstract":"Supervised and unsupervised learning techniques are increasingly applied to improve medical decision-making. Medical-recorded data also have accumulated large amount of information about patients and their medical conditions. Relationship and patterns within this data could provide new medical knowledge. Unfortunately, few methodologies have been developed and applied to discover this hidden knowledge. In this paper, we propose projected clustering method for generating clusters of similar bio-signal patterns from medical data to be analyzed and the various classification methods for reflecting information of heart signal on the classification/prediction model. The experiments show that the optimal cluster is constructed by applying PROCLUS algorithm and it has from 0.881 to 0.9 f1-value index of prediction under test data.","PeriodicalId":13816,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73408029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.17706/IJBBB.2019.9.2.109-117
Mohamad Sabri bin Sinal, E. Kamioka
Heart disease has been the leading global cause of death for almost 15 years. One of the common causes lead to chronic heart disease and sudden death is Arrhythmia. However, the conventional or computational approach of Arrhythmia detection is not an easy task. It requires suitable method with a very specific timeline to detect the symptom. In addition, the symptom itself is very complex in behavior. Therefore, an automatic detection method with simple computational model to detect accurately Arrhythmia in ECG data is needed to deal with such critical issue. In this paper, a novel framework based on decision tree approach by utilizing five peaks taken from ECG segment is proposed to detect Arrhythmia from the first minute of the ECG data. The experimental results show that the proposed decision tree approach with the proposed five peaks is able to detect Arrhythmia with the accuracy of 98% outperforming the other data mining techniques. Moreover, the five proposed parameters to classify the disease show that these computational models have a strong level of sustainability in detecting Arrhythmia when it is compared to different numbers of parameters and methods.
{"title":"Effective Computational Modeling for Early Arrhythmia Symptom Classification by Using Decision Tree Approach","authors":"Mohamad Sabri bin Sinal, E. Kamioka","doi":"10.17706/IJBBB.2019.9.2.109-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17706/IJBBB.2019.9.2.109-117","url":null,"abstract":"Heart disease has been the leading global cause of death for almost 15 years. One of the common causes lead to chronic heart disease and sudden death is Arrhythmia. However, the conventional or computational approach of Arrhythmia detection is not an easy task. It requires suitable method with a very specific timeline to detect the symptom. In addition, the symptom itself is very complex in behavior. Therefore, an automatic detection method with simple computational model to detect accurately Arrhythmia in ECG data is needed to deal with such critical issue. In this paper, a novel framework based on decision tree approach by utilizing five peaks taken from ECG segment is proposed to detect Arrhythmia from the first minute of the ECG data. The experimental results show that the proposed decision tree approach with the proposed five peaks is able to detect Arrhythmia with the accuracy of 98% outperforming the other data mining techniques. Moreover, the five proposed parameters to classify the disease show that these computational models have a strong level of sustainability in detecting Arrhythmia when it is compared to different numbers of parameters and methods.","PeriodicalId":13816,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74679505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26646536.2019.v1.i1a.12
A. Hossain, M. M. Uddin
{"title":"Abscissic Acid (ABA) hormone Stimulates Protein Kinase Gene in Cell Signaling for Cell, tissue and plant Growth and Development","authors":"A. Hossain, M. M. Uddin","doi":"10.33545/26646536.2019.v1.i1a.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26646536.2019.v1.i1a.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13816,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73745066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.17706/IJBBB.2019.9.3.188-193
Ayu Masyita, Y. Rifai
Arbutin is a natural skin-whitening agent as a tyrosinase inhibitor. Arbutin could effectively inhibit the activity of tyrosinase in skin cells and block the formation of melanin without affecting cell proliferation. In the development of drugs, such as arbutin derivatives, a simulation of interactions between tyrosinase enzymes as the target proteins with ligands (arbutin derivatives) is required, by using molecular docking simulation method. Preparation of ligands and proteins was performed using AutoDock 4.2. The results show that α-arbutin derivatives (α-arbutin-undecylinate ester and deoxy-α-arbutin) is able to inhibit a tyrosinase.
{"title":"Molecular Docking Studies of Arbutin Derivatives as Tyrosinase Inhibitors","authors":"Ayu Masyita, Y. Rifai","doi":"10.17706/IJBBB.2019.9.3.188-193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17706/IJBBB.2019.9.3.188-193","url":null,"abstract":"Arbutin is a natural skin-whitening agent as a tyrosinase inhibitor. Arbutin could effectively inhibit the activity of tyrosinase in skin cells and block the formation of melanin without affecting cell proliferation. In the development of drugs, such as arbutin derivatives, a simulation of interactions between tyrosinase enzymes as the target proteins with ligands (arbutin derivatives) is required, by using molecular docking simulation method. Preparation of ligands and proteins was performed using AutoDock 4.2. The results show that α-arbutin derivatives (α-arbutin-undecylinate ester and deoxy-α-arbutin) is able to inhibit a tyrosinase.","PeriodicalId":13816,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81279257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.3.141-149
Xing Kang, W. Prasongchean
Alcohol is a well-known teratogenic agent that causes neurodevelopmental diseases, including fetal alcohol syndrome. Alcohol-induced brain changes such as neuronal cell death, decreased adult neurogenesis, low level of neurotrophic factors and vital nutrients were previously reported. The choroid plexus (CP) is a multifunctional tissue located in four ventricles of the brain and formed early during neural development. The CP play important roles in producing cerebrospinal fluid, supplying numerous neurotrophic factors and eliminating brain metabolites, supporting homeostasis of central nervous system (CNS) both pre and postnatally. Involvement of the CP in alcohol-induced brain damage is yet to be discovered. This study aimed to investigate effects of alcohol on the developing CP of the lateral ventricles of the chick embryonic brains. We started treatments of alcohol (10% v/v and 15% v/v) in ovo chick embryos at embryonic day 3 (E3) every 24 hours and the CP examined at E8 and E12. Ethanol exposure induced growth retardation of the CP at E8 and E12 (decrease in both length and size). We then found that the mRNA expression of Otx2, Emx1 and Emx2 were up-regulated by ethanol exposure, and E2f5 mRNA was reduced and Foxj1 mRNA was increased expression in the CP of alcohol-treated embryos was confirmed. Herein, the current study showed the first time that alcohol disrupt the CP development related genes might lead to abnormal and dysfunction of the developing CP during early brain development, suggesting a pharmaceutical target for prevention and treatments of neurodevelopmental diseases.
{"title":"Gene Expression Is Disrupted by Ethanol Exposure on Chick Embryonic Choroid Plexus","authors":"Xing Kang, W. Prasongchean","doi":"10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.3.141-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.3.141-149","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol is a well-known teratogenic agent that causes neurodevelopmental diseases, including fetal alcohol syndrome. Alcohol-induced brain changes such as neuronal cell death, decreased adult neurogenesis, low level of neurotrophic factors and vital nutrients were previously reported. The choroid plexus (CP) is a multifunctional tissue located in four ventricles of the brain and formed early during neural development. The CP play important roles in producing cerebrospinal fluid, supplying numerous neurotrophic factors and eliminating brain metabolites, supporting homeostasis of central nervous system (CNS) both pre and postnatally. Involvement of the CP in alcohol-induced brain damage is yet to be discovered. This study aimed to investigate effects of alcohol on the developing CP of the lateral ventricles of the chick embryonic brains. We started treatments of alcohol (10% v/v and 15% v/v) in ovo chick embryos at embryonic day 3 (E3) every 24 hours and the CP examined at E8 and E12. Ethanol exposure induced growth retardation of the CP at E8 and E12 (decrease in both length and size). We then found that the mRNA expression of Otx2, Emx1 and Emx2 were up-regulated by ethanol exposure, and E2f5 mRNA was reduced and Foxj1 mRNA was increased expression in the CP of alcohol-treated embryos was confirmed. Herein, the current study showed the first time that alcohol disrupt the CP development related genes might lead to abnormal and dysfunction of the developing CP during early brain development, suggesting a pharmaceutical target for prevention and treatments of neurodevelopmental diseases.","PeriodicalId":13816,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78630827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.4.210-221
Anisuzzaman, Kamrunnahar Kabery, U. Jeong, Hyun-Chol Jung, B. Choi, Seok-Joong Kang
This study was carried out to determine the effect of heat pump-decompression hybrid dryer (HD, 55 ± 1°C) and commercial hot air dryer (CD, 80 ± 2°C) on the lipid class, phospholipid and fatty acid compositions of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus. The results showed that the highest total lipids (4.38%), phospholipids (44.31%) and glycolipids (28.05%) were obtained in the hybrid dryer (HD) group sea cucumber. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were the major phospholipids in both dried sea cucumber and the contents were 59.02%, 28.41% (HD) and 56.45%, 26.53% (CD) of total phospholipids (w/w), respectively. In both treatments, the major fatty acids of PE were 16:0, DMA 18:0, 18:0, 20:4n-6 and 20:5n-3. Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of PE was 35.12% (HD dried sea cucumber), 26.60% (CD dried sea cucumber) higher than monounsaturated fatty acids 20.81% (HD dried sea cucumber), 19.86% (CD dried sea cucumber). In HD dried sea cucumber, PC contained much higher 20:4n-6 and EPA, but lower 18:1n-9 and 22:1n-9, compared with those of PI. The highest amount of branched chain fatty acids (BCFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were found in HD dried sea cucumbers compared to CD dried sea cucumbers. Comparing the two methods, hybrid dryer is better in terms of total lipid content, phospholipid and fatty acid compositions of sea cucumber.
{"title":"Lipid Class and Phospholipid Compositions of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with Heat Pump-Decompression Hybrid Dryer and Hot Air Dryer","authors":"Anisuzzaman, Kamrunnahar Kabery, U. Jeong, Hyun-Chol Jung, B. Choi, Seok-Joong Kang","doi":"10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.4.210-221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.4.210-221","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to determine the effect of heat pump-decompression hybrid dryer (HD, 55 ± 1°C) and commercial hot air dryer (CD, 80 ± 2°C) on the lipid class, phospholipid and fatty acid compositions of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus. The results showed that the highest total lipids (4.38%), phospholipids (44.31%) and glycolipids (28.05%) were obtained in the hybrid dryer (HD) group sea cucumber. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were the major phospholipids in both dried sea cucumber and the contents were 59.02%, 28.41% (HD) and 56.45%, 26.53% (CD) of total phospholipids (w/w), respectively. In both treatments, the major fatty acids of PE were 16:0, DMA 18:0, 18:0, 20:4n-6 and 20:5n-3. Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of PE was 35.12% (HD dried sea cucumber), 26.60% (CD dried sea cucumber) higher than monounsaturated fatty acids 20.81% (HD dried sea cucumber), 19.86% (CD dried sea cucumber). In HD dried sea cucumber, PC contained much higher 20:4n-6 and EPA, but lower 18:1n-9 and 22:1n-9, compared with those of PI. The highest amount of branched chain fatty acids (BCFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were found in HD dried sea cucumbers compared to CD dried sea cucumbers. Comparing the two methods, hybrid dryer is better in terms of total lipid content, phospholipid and fatty acid compositions of sea cucumber.","PeriodicalId":13816,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85478054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.4.248-257
Sidan Luo, Zhaomei Wang, Die Hu, Jian-yong Wu
Agave sisalana can be used as medicinal plant to treat some oxidative stress-caused diseases. This study aimed to fractionate and evaluate the antioxidant components of the ethanol extract from sisal waste. The crude ethanol extract of sisal waste was fractionated into petroleum ether fraction (PEF), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), n-butanol fraction (BF) and water fraction (WF). Among this different fractions, EAF had the strongest reducing power and radical scavenging capacity with IC50 of 40 mg/mL against DPPH· and 870 mg/mL against OH·, respectively, comparable to or even lower than that of BHT. EAF also had the highest content of total phenolic (214.6 mgGAE/g) and total flavonoid (179.8 mgRE/g). HPLC-MS analysis revealed the major components of EAF were flavanols and flavanones compounds.
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity and Components of the Ethanol Extract of Sisal Waste","authors":"Sidan Luo, Zhaomei Wang, Die Hu, Jian-yong Wu","doi":"10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.4.248-257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.4.248-257","url":null,"abstract":"Agave sisalana can be used as medicinal plant to treat some oxidative stress-caused diseases. This study aimed to fractionate and evaluate the antioxidant components of the ethanol extract from sisal waste. The crude ethanol extract of sisal waste was fractionated into petroleum ether fraction (PEF), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), n-butanol fraction (BF) and water fraction (WF). Among this different fractions, EAF had the strongest reducing power and radical scavenging capacity with IC50 of 40 mg/mL against DPPH· and 870 mg/mL against OH·, respectively, comparable to or even lower than that of BHT. EAF also had the highest content of total phenolic (214.6 mgGAE/g) and total flavonoid (179.8 mgRE/g). HPLC-MS analysis revealed the major components of EAF were flavanols and flavanones compounds.","PeriodicalId":13816,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics","volume":"235 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76942527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.3.166-172
N. Kováts, E. Horváth, B. Eck-Varanka, Eszter Csajbók, K. Hubai, A. Hoffer
Plants are widely applied in the assessment of the ecological effects of airborne contaminants, using individual level symptoms such as growth inhibition or leaf injury. The same symptoms can be used in controlled ecotoxicological tests where the dose–effect relationships can be established and a quantitative estimation can be given on the toxic effect. In our study Cucumis sativus L. and Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. test plants were sprayed with the aqueous extract of urban aerosol samples, following the protocol as described by the No. 227 OECD GUIDELINE FOR THE TESTING OF CHEMICALS: Terrestrial Plant Test: Vegetative Vigour Test. After the termination of the test, on Day 21, fresh weight and leaf length were measured as end-points. It was found that the extract elucidated stimulatory effect on both fresh weight and leaf length in case of C. sativus, while L. esculentum remained less responsive. Our results are in concordance with literature data reporting on the nutrient content of atmospheric aerosol.
{"title":"Assessing Ecotoxicity of Aerosol Samples Using Higher Plants as Test Organisms","authors":"N. Kováts, E. Horváth, B. Eck-Varanka, Eszter Csajbók, K. Hubai, A. Hoffer","doi":"10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.3.166-172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17706/ijbbb.2019.9.3.166-172","url":null,"abstract":"Plants are widely applied in the assessment of the ecological effects of airborne contaminants, using individual level symptoms such as growth inhibition or leaf injury. The same symptoms can be used in controlled ecotoxicological tests where the dose–effect relationships can be established and a quantitative estimation can be given on the toxic effect. In our study Cucumis sativus L. and Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. test plants were sprayed with the aqueous extract of urban aerosol samples, following the protocol as described by the No. 227 OECD GUIDELINE FOR THE TESTING OF CHEMICALS: Terrestrial Plant Test: Vegetative Vigour Test. After the termination of the test, on Day 21, fresh weight and leaf length were measured as end-points. It was found that the extract elucidated stimulatory effect on both fresh weight and leaf length in case of C. sativus, while L. esculentum remained less responsive. Our results are in concordance with literature data reporting on the nutrient content of atmospheric aerosol.","PeriodicalId":13816,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82243611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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