This research delves into the dynamics between the market value of the product of paddy and the associated costs of its cultivation across prominent paddy producing regions in India. Drawing upon secondary data from the period 2004–05 to 2021–22, generously provided by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), this study employs growth models and profitability analyses to shed light on emerging patterns within these key states. A detailed examination reveals Punjab as leading in terms of value growth, closely followed by Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal. In contrast, the escalation in cultivation costs is most pronounced in Andhra Pradesh, with Punjab, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh also showing significant figures. Through an insightful profitability assessment, the study demonstrates that paddy cultivation is most lucrative in Punjab, with Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal following in descending order of profit margins. This hierarchy of profitability signals an imperative for regions like West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh to elevate the quality and market value of their paddy crops to match the standards seen in Punjab and Andhra Pradesh. The comparative advantage enjoyed by farmers in Punjab and Andhra Pradesh in terms of profit margins underscores the critical importance of enhancing productivity, efficiency, and market connectivity in the lesser-performing states of West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. Such improvements are essential for boosting profitability in paddy cultivation, thereby contributing to the overall growth and sustainability of the agricultural sector in these regions.
{"title":"Exploring Paddy Profitability Trends: A Comparative Analysis Across Five Major Growing States of India","authors":"M. Chanakya, A. Nandi","doi":"10.23910/2/2024.5306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5306","url":null,"abstract":"This research delves into the dynamics between the market value of the product of paddy and the associated costs of its cultivation across prominent paddy producing regions in India. Drawing upon secondary data from the period 2004–05 to 2021–22, generously provided by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), this study employs growth models and profitability analyses to shed light on emerging patterns within these key states. A detailed examination reveals Punjab as leading in terms of value growth, closely followed by Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal. In contrast, the escalation in cultivation costs is most pronounced in Andhra Pradesh, with Punjab, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh also showing significant figures. Through an insightful profitability assessment, the study demonstrates that paddy cultivation is most lucrative in Punjab, with Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal following in descending order of profit margins. This hierarchy of profitability signals an imperative for regions like West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh to elevate the quality and market value of their paddy crops to match the standards seen in Punjab and Andhra Pradesh. The comparative advantage enjoyed by farmers in Punjab and Andhra Pradesh in terms of profit margins underscores the critical importance of enhancing productivity, efficiency, and market connectivity in the lesser-performing states of West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. Such improvements are essential for boosting profitability in paddy cultivation, thereby contributing to the overall growth and sustainability of the agricultural sector in these regions.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The experiment was conducted during June to November of 2023 at Bio-control laboratory of Sugarcane Research Institute, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India. The infestation of the Plassey borer started in the month of June and remained prevalent till November month in the field. The infested canes were brought to the laboratory for biological studies. Biological studies of Chilo tumidicostalis Hampson (Crambidae; Lepidoptera) revealed that the female lays eggs in 3–4 batches which averaged 410.64±45.21 eggs per female. The adult female preferred to lay eggs on the live plants only. The incubation period of the eggs was 7.05±0.60 days with hatching percentage as 97.56±0.90%. There was a total of 5 larval instars and the duration of first, second, third, fourth and fifth larval instars were 3.20±0.52, 3.7±0.47, 4.75±0.79, 6.05±0.69 and 6.35±0.67 days, respectively. The pupa and adult showed sexual dimorphism and variation in duration of pupal and adult period. The length of the male and female pupa was26.78±0.10 and 32.85±0.07 mm, respectively. The length of the adult male and female was 11.62±0.15 and 12.74±0.24 mm, respectively. The width of the adult male and female was 24.31±0.63 and 28.73±0.78 mm, respectively. The average pupal period of male and female was 7.25±1.21 and 8.1±1.37 days, respectively. Also, the adult male and female longevity was 3.9±0.64 and 4.8±0.77 days, respectively. The sex ratio was found to be 1:1.24 (male:female).
{"title":"Biology of Plassey Borer, Chilo tumidicostalis (Hampson) (Crambidae: Lepidoptera)","authors":"Vishwajeet, Anil Kumar","doi":"10.23910/2/2024.5277a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5277a","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted during June to November of 2023 at Bio-control laboratory of Sugarcane Research Institute, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India. The infestation of the Plassey borer started in the month of June and remained prevalent till November month in the field. The infested canes were brought to the laboratory for biological studies. Biological studies of Chilo tumidicostalis Hampson (Crambidae; Lepidoptera) revealed that the female lays eggs in 3–4 batches which averaged 410.64±45.21 eggs per female. The adult female preferred to lay eggs on the live plants only. The incubation period of the eggs was 7.05±0.60 days with hatching percentage as 97.56±0.90%. There was a total of 5 larval instars and the duration of first, second, third, fourth and fifth larval instars were 3.20±0.52, 3.7±0.47, 4.75±0.79, 6.05±0.69 and 6.35±0.67 days, respectively. The pupa and adult showed sexual dimorphism and variation in duration of pupal and adult period. The length of the male and female pupa was26.78±0.10 and 32.85±0.07 mm, respectively. The length of the adult male and female was 11.62±0.15 and 12.74±0.24 mm, respectively. The width of the adult male and female was 24.31±0.63 and 28.73±0.78 mm, respectively. The average pupal period of male and female was 7.25±1.21 and 8.1±1.37 days, respectively. Also, the adult male and female longevity was 3.9±0.64 and 4.8±0.77 days, respectively. The sex ratio was found to be 1:1.24 (male:female).","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The experiment was conducted during rabi (October, 2021-April, 2022) season at farmers’ field in the NICRA adopted village Meenia, District Moga, Punjab to check the integrated effect of crop residue management practices and KNO3 spray on the productivity of wheat crop. The trial was replicated four times with eight treatments viz., conventional sowing by residue burning, conventional sowing by residue burning fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage, sowing of wheat with happy seeder, sowing of wheat with happy seeder fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage, sowing of wheat with surface seeding, sowing of wheat with surface seeding fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage, sowing of wheat after incorporation of paddy straw, sowing of wheat after incorporation of paddy straw fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage. Results showed that surface seeding fb KNO3 spray, happy seeder technology fb KNO3 spray recorded significantly higher 1000 grain weight than conventional tillage. Surface seeding and KNO3 spray recorded highest grain yield (4.91 t ha-1) followed by happy seeder and KNO3 spray (4.84 t ha-1). A synergistic effect between CRM technologies and foliar application of KNO3 was recorded where they resulted in 16.65 (4.84 t ha-1), 18.34 (4.91 t ha-1) and 5.38% higher grain yield in comparison to conventional sowing (4.15 t ha-1). A highly significant positive correlation (r=0.449) was recorded between number of grains ear-1 and grain yield. Surface seeding and happy seeder technology significantly increased net returns and B:C of wheat crop than conventional practices.
{"title":"Residue Retention and Potassium Nitrate Improvise the Yield and Economics of Wheat Crop","authors":"M. Jaidka, Amandeep Singh Brar","doi":"10.23910/2/2024.5281a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5281a","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted during rabi (October, 2021-April, 2022) season at farmers’ field in the NICRA adopted village Meenia, District Moga, Punjab to check the integrated effect of crop residue management practices and KNO3 spray on the productivity of wheat crop. The trial was replicated four times with eight treatments viz., conventional sowing by residue burning, conventional sowing by residue burning fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage, sowing of wheat with happy seeder, sowing of wheat with happy seeder fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage, sowing of wheat with surface seeding, sowing of wheat with surface seeding fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage, sowing of wheat after incorporation of paddy straw, sowing of wheat after incorporation of paddy straw fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage. Results showed that surface seeding fb KNO3 spray, happy seeder technology fb KNO3 spray recorded significantly higher 1000 grain weight than conventional tillage. Surface seeding and KNO3 spray recorded highest grain yield (4.91 t ha-1) followed by happy seeder and KNO3 spray (4.84 t ha-1). A synergistic effect between CRM technologies and foliar application of KNO3 was recorded where they resulted in 16.65 (4.84 t ha-1), 18.34 (4.91 t ha-1) and 5.38% higher grain yield in comparison to conventional sowing (4.15 t ha-1). A highly significant positive correlation (r=0.449) was recorded between number of grains ear-1 and grain yield. Surface seeding and happy seeder technology significantly increased net returns and B:C of wheat crop than conventional practices.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sneha Pedireddy, Manish Kumar, Soumya Saha, Narendra Kumar Nag, T. Chandrakar, D. P. Singh
A field experiment was conducted during July to November of 2021 to assess the effect of nano-urea on growth and productivity of rice at ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design consisting eight treatments viz., Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through urea (T1), 50% of RDN (urea)+two foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.2% at Active tillering (AT) and Panicle initiation (PI) stages (T2), 75% of RDN+two foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.2% at AT and PI (T3), 50% of RDN+two foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.4% at (AT and PI) (T4), 75% of RDN+two foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.4% at AT and PI (T5), 25% of RDN+Four foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.2% at 20,33,50 and 65 DAT (T6), 25% of RDN+Four foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.4% 20,33,50 and 65 DAT (T7) and control (no fertilizer application) (T8). Results showed that foliar spray of nano-urea resulted in higher plant height (120.1 cm), tillers number m-2 (265) and dry matter accumulation (741.9 kg ha-1). Yield attributes viz., panicle number m-2, number of grains panicle-1, number of filled grains panicle-1 were significantly influenced by the application of nano-urea. The highest grain yield (5.39 t ha-1) and straw yield (6.73 t ha-1) was recorded with the application of 75% of RDN+two foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.4% at AT and PI stages. The application of nano-urea resulted in saving of nitrogen (urea) to an extent of 25%.
{"title":"Effect of Nano-urea on Growth, Productivity and Economics of Transplanted Rice","authors":"Sneha Pedireddy, Manish Kumar, Soumya Saha, Narendra Kumar Nag, T. Chandrakar, D. P. Singh","doi":"10.23910/2/2024.5333a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5333a","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during July to November of 2021 to assess the effect of nano-urea on growth and productivity of rice at ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design consisting eight treatments viz., Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through urea (T1), 50% of RDN (urea)+two foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.2% at Active tillering (AT) and Panicle initiation (PI) stages (T2), 75% of RDN+two foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.2% at AT and PI (T3), 50% of RDN+two foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.4% at (AT and PI) (T4), 75% of RDN+two foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.4% at AT and PI (T5), 25% of RDN+Four foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.2% at 20,33,50 and 65 DAT (T6), 25% of RDN+Four foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.4% 20,33,50 and 65 DAT (T7) and control (no fertilizer application) (T8). Results showed that foliar spray of nano-urea resulted in higher plant height (120.1 cm), tillers number m-2 (265) and dry matter accumulation (741.9 kg ha-1). Yield attributes viz., panicle number m-2, number of grains panicle-1, number of filled grains panicle-1 were significantly influenced by the application of nano-urea. The highest grain yield (5.39 t ha-1) and straw yield (6.73 t ha-1) was recorded with the application of 75% of RDN+two foliar sprays of nano-urea @ 0.4% at AT and PI stages. The application of nano-urea resulted in saving of nitrogen (urea) to an extent of 25%.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Propagation of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) can be successfully performed by stem cutting as demonstrated by many researchers time to time. Though, guava is found hard to root, use of root inducing hormone (IBA, IAA, NAA etc.), rejuvenating techniques (fungicide, wounding, Girdling etc.), growth supporting media (silt, Sand, cocopeat, vermicompost, vermiculite etc.) and suitable protected environment (mist house, polyhouse, net house etc.) ease the rooting of cutting. Despite of the fact that propagation through cutting is easiest and most convenient method of vegetative propagation to regenerate numerous planting materials in short duration, wedge grafting is still recommended as commercial method of propagation in Guava. This scenario raises the question on potentiality of stem cutting as viable propagation method. This might be due to complex mechanism behind guava stem cutting propagation which results in inconsistent and highly variable results. Moreover, propagation involves multiple factors which have combined influence on the performance of stem cutting viz., preparation of cutting, preconditioning treatment, season of taking cutting, type of cutting, chemical treatment, growing environment, growing media and container. Therefore, to establish guava stem cutting as viable and commercial propagation technique, in depth study of these factors is vital. This paper briefly discusses the research so far has done with relevance to various factors influencing performance of guava stem cutting while indicating possible future research directions for more encouraging and consistent results.
{"title":"Performance of Guava Stem Cutting – A Review of Successful Though Non-commercial Propagation Method","authors":"C. J. Joshi","doi":"10.23910/2/2024.5020b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5020b","url":null,"abstract":"Propagation of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) can be successfully performed by stem cutting as demonstrated by many researchers time to time. Though, guava is found hard to root, use of root inducing hormone (IBA, IAA, NAA etc.), rejuvenating techniques (fungicide, wounding, Girdling etc.), growth supporting media (silt, Sand, cocopeat, vermicompost, vermiculite etc.) and suitable protected environment (mist house, polyhouse, net house etc.) ease the rooting of cutting. Despite of the fact that propagation through cutting is easiest and most convenient method of vegetative propagation to regenerate numerous planting materials in short duration, wedge grafting is still recommended as commercial method of propagation in Guava. This scenario raises the question on potentiality of stem cutting as viable propagation method. This might be due to complex mechanism behind guava stem cutting propagation which results in inconsistent and highly variable results. Moreover, propagation involves multiple factors which have combined influence on the performance of stem cutting viz., preparation of cutting, preconditioning treatment, season of taking cutting, type of cutting, chemical treatment, growing environment, growing media and container. Therefore, to establish guava stem cutting as viable and commercial propagation technique, in depth study of these factors is vital. This paper briefly discusses the research so far has done with relevance to various factors influencing performance of guava stem cutting while indicating possible future research directions for more encouraging and consistent results.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baldev Singh, Angad Prasad, Ngangom Diyarani Chanu, R. Amulya, Yuvaraj S.
A research study was conducted during March–April, 2023 at Imphal East, Manipur, India to gain insights into the preferences and constraints of farmers concerning their utilization of mass media. Two blocks were select randomly and from each block two villages were selected randomly; a total 120 respondents were interviewed through structured scheduled. Mean, frequency, percentage and garret ranking method were used to analysis the data and to find out the appropriate result. The outcomes illuminated that, among the farmers, mobile phones emerged as the most favored mass media, trailed by television, radio, newspapers, and agricultural magazines. The major constraints faced by farmers in the case of television were a lack of market availability of suggested inputs (59.16%), a lack of use of a complex technical word (44.16%) in radio, a lack of use of a complex technical word (46.66%) in newspapers, no one subscribe to any farm magazine (94.16%) in farm magazines, and a lack of awareness of mobile applications related to agriculture (56.66%) on mobile phones. This study underscores the pivotal role of mass media in rural areas and highlights the challenges tied to specific mass media.
{"title":"A Study on Mass Media Preferences and Constraints Faces by the Farmers in Imphal East District Manipur","authors":"Baldev Singh, Angad Prasad, Ngangom Diyarani Chanu, R. Amulya, Yuvaraj S.","doi":"10.23910/2/2023.4939b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2023.4939b","url":null,"abstract":"A research study was conducted during March–April, 2023 at Imphal East, Manipur, India to gain insights into the preferences and constraints of farmers concerning their utilization of mass media. Two blocks were select randomly and from each block two villages were selected randomly; a total 120 respondents were interviewed through structured scheduled. Mean, frequency, percentage and garret ranking method were used to analysis the data and to find out the appropriate result. The outcomes illuminated that, among the farmers, mobile phones emerged as the most favored mass media, trailed by television, radio, newspapers, and agricultural magazines. The major constraints faced by farmers in the case of television were a lack of market availability of suggested inputs (59.16%), a lack of use of a complex technical word (44.16%) in radio, a lack of use of a complex technical word (46.66%) in newspapers, no one subscribe to any farm magazine (94.16%) in farm magazines, and a lack of awareness of mobile applications related to agriculture (56.66%) on mobile phones. This study underscores the pivotal role of mass media in rural areas and highlights the challenges tied to specific mass media.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. K. Sahu, Iram Zehra Naqvi, G. Tagore, Vikash, R. K. Thakur, Shailu Yadav, N. G. Mitra
A field experiment was carried out in the research farm of the Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India during Kharif season of 2021-22. The experiment was performed with nine treatments comprised by Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, EM and their consortia with FUI and UFUI (absolute control) in randomized block design. The soybean crop was grown in the field along with recommended package of practices. The result showed that the yield of soybean was 43% higher (2351 kg ha -1) than control FUI and better uptake of N (145 kg ha-1 by seed and 125.6 kg ha-1 by straw), P (7.9 kg ha-1 by seed and 14.9 kg ha-1 by straw) and K (42.3 kg ha-1 by seed and 65.0 kg ha-1 by straw) by soybean were found due to inoculation of microbial consortia of Rhizobium, Pseudomonas and EM culture. The Physico-chemical properties (pH, EC and OC), availability of nutrients (NPK with vales of 288, 29 and 335 kg ha-1 respectively), enzymatic activities (Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities with values of 42.2, 69. 8 µg PNG h-1 g-1 of soil and 12.9 μg TPF hr-1 g-1 of soil, respectively) and microbial population (Rhizobium by 35.1×106, total bacteria by 39.3×107, fungi by 41.9×104 and actinomycetes by 38.7×103 cfu g-1 soil) in soil also improved with the same treatment as compared to FUI. It is strongly recommended that the inoculation of microbial consortia improved the soil health and soybean production too instead of single inoculation by modulating microbial population which improves the soil health by nutrient fixation, solubilization and mobilization and plant growth promotion.
{"title":"Effect of Microbial Consortia on Soil Health, Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Soybean Grown in a Vertisol of Central India","authors":"R. K. Sahu, Iram Zehra Naqvi, G. Tagore, Vikash, R. K. Thakur, Shailu Yadav, N. G. Mitra","doi":"10.23910/2/2024.5088a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5088a","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out in the research farm of the Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India during Kharif season of 2021-22. The experiment was performed with nine treatments comprised by Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, EM and their consortia with FUI and UFUI (absolute control) in randomized block design. The soybean crop was grown in the field along with recommended package of practices. The result showed that the yield of soybean was 43% higher (2351 kg ha -1) than control FUI and better uptake of N (145 kg ha-1 by seed and 125.6 kg ha-1 by straw), P (7.9 kg ha-1 by seed and 14.9 kg ha-1 by straw) and K (42.3 kg ha-1 by seed and 65.0 kg ha-1 by straw) by soybean were found due to inoculation of microbial consortia of Rhizobium, Pseudomonas and EM culture. The Physico-chemical properties (pH, EC and OC), availability of nutrients (NPK with vales of 288, 29 and 335 kg ha-1 respectively), enzymatic activities (Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities with values of 42.2, 69. 8 µg PNG h-1 g-1 of soil and 12.9 μg TPF hr-1 g-1 of soil, respectively) and microbial population (Rhizobium by 35.1×106, total bacteria by 39.3×107, fungi by 41.9×104 and actinomycetes by 38.7×103 cfu g-1 soil) in soil also improved with the same treatment as compared to FUI. It is strongly recommended that the inoculation of microbial consortia improved the soil health and soybean production too instead of single inoculation by modulating microbial population which improves the soil health by nutrient fixation, solubilization and mobilization and plant growth promotion.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sukhjot Singh, Manohar Ram, Deepak Gupta, Manoj Kumar Meena, P. K. Nayak, Komal Choudhary, Rahul, Rajneesh Kumar, Shambhu Chouhan
The present research was carried out to estimate the genetic variability for 13 characters among 30 different germplasm of Taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.) in a randomized block design with three replications over four artificially created environments through different dates of sowing (timely sown 17 Oct. and late sown 5 Nov.) with (Orobanche free and Orobanche infested field) i.e. timely sown, Orobanche free (E1 ), timely sown, Orobanche infested (E2 ), late sown, Orobanche free (E3 ), late sown, Orobanche infested (E4 ) at Research farm of SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner (SKNAU, Jobner) during the rabi 2022–23. Pooled Anova revealed significant differences among germplasm, environments and G×E interaction significant for all the traits except days to maturity, primary branches per plant, siliqua length (cm). Therefore, analysis of variance is carried out separately for each environment, indicated significant differences among all traits. In all four environments, the PCV>GCV value for all characters. After comparing the mean and range for yield and different yield attributing traits in all four environments, it was found that both were highest in E1 for most of the traits. The high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean for all four environments revealed that characteristics such as height of first branch emergence (cm), seeds per siliqua, 1000-seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g) had high value. As a result, they might be under the control of additive gene action. Therefore, selection for these characters will be highly responsive.
{"title":"Assessing Genetic Variability in Taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.) Germplasm for Enhanced Breeding Strategies","authors":"Sukhjot Singh, Manohar Ram, Deepak Gupta, Manoj Kumar Meena, P. K. Nayak, Komal Choudhary, Rahul, Rajneesh Kumar, Shambhu Chouhan","doi":"10.23910/2/2024.5137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5137","url":null,"abstract":"The present research was carried out to estimate the genetic variability for 13 characters among 30 different germplasm of Taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.) in a randomized block design with three replications over four artificially created environments through different dates of sowing (timely sown 17 Oct. and late sown 5 Nov.) with (Orobanche free and Orobanche infested field) i.e. timely sown, Orobanche free (E1 ), timely sown, Orobanche infested (E2 ), late sown, Orobanche free (E3 ), late sown, Orobanche infested (E4 ) at Research farm of SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner (SKNAU, Jobner) during the rabi 2022–23. Pooled Anova revealed significant differences among germplasm, environments and G×E interaction significant for all the traits except days to maturity, primary branches per plant, siliqua length (cm). Therefore, analysis of variance is carried out separately for each environment, indicated significant differences among all traits. In all four environments, the PCV>GCV value for all characters. After comparing the mean and range for yield and different yield attributing traits in all four environments, it was found that both were highest in E1 for most of the traits. The high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean for all four environments revealed that characteristics such as height of first branch emergence (cm), seeds per siliqua, 1000-seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g) had high value. As a result, they might be under the control of additive gene action. Therefore, selection for these characters will be highly responsive.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bhukya Srinivas, V. A. Patil, C. U. Shinde, Priya John, Y. A. Garde, R. R. Waghunde
The present study was conducted during kharif (July-November, 2020) at the Department of plant pathology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat (396 450), India to examine the efficacy of four recognized antagonists and a control against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. By employing paper disc method the results indicated that Bacillus subtilis exhibited the highest radius of inhibition. Following this, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride were identified as the next most effective antagonists. In addition, ten different botanical extracts, including a control, were examined for their inhibitory impact on the bacterial growth of bacterial blight at a 5% concentration using the poisoned food technique. Among these extracts, garlic clove extract demonstrated the maximum inhibition radius against the pathogen, followed by tulsi leaf extract and neem leaf extract, attributed to potent toxic principles. Conversely, extracts from karanj, nilgiri, dhatura, jetropha and rhizomes of ginger, turmeric and onion bulb were found to be less effective against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The goal of this study provided valuable insights to determine the potential antagonists and botanicals against bacterial blight of rice in vitro with experimental design of Completely Randomized Design which offer a cost effective solution for the disease, in increasing crop yield to the rice growing farmers of Gujarat without disturbing ecosystem and without creating the problems of pollution.
{"title":"Effect of Antagonists and Botanicals Against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae In Vitro","authors":"Bhukya Srinivas, V. A. Patil, C. U. Shinde, Priya John, Y. A. Garde, R. R. Waghunde","doi":"10.23910/2/2024.5088c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5088c","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted during kharif (July-November, 2020) at the Department of plant pathology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat (396 450), India to examine the efficacy of four recognized antagonists and a control against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. By employing paper disc method the results indicated that Bacillus subtilis exhibited the highest radius of inhibition. Following this, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride were identified as the next most effective antagonists. In addition, ten different botanical extracts, including a control, were examined for their inhibitory impact on the bacterial growth of bacterial blight at a 5% concentration using the poisoned food technique. Among these extracts, garlic clove extract demonstrated the maximum inhibition radius against the pathogen, followed by tulsi leaf extract and neem leaf extract, attributed to potent toxic principles. Conversely, extracts from karanj, nilgiri, dhatura, jetropha and rhizomes of ginger, turmeric and onion bulb were found to be less effective against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The goal of this study provided valuable insights to determine the potential antagonists and botanicals against bacterial blight of rice in vitro with experimental design of Completely Randomized Design which offer a cost effective solution for the disease, in increasing crop yield to the rice growing farmers of Gujarat without disturbing ecosystem and without creating the problems of pollution.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140443612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Divya, S. Dhurua, M. Chalam, S. G. Rao, Gummadidala Chaitanya
A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural college, Naira, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India during early summer (January–April) of 2021 to know about the incidence of leaf webber and sucking pests viz., leafhopper (Hishimonus phycitis Distant) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) its relation with main weather factors. Results revealed that a peak incidence of mean capsule borer population per plant were recorded in 9th and 11th standard weeks, respectively. The correlation study revealed that the Antigastra larvae had significantly positive correlation with maximum temperature (r=0.48) and significantly negative correlation with relative humidity (r=- 0.71). The regression analysis revealed that these factors accounted for approximately 59.8% of the variation in the capsule borer population (R2=0.598). The incidence of leafhopper (Hishimonus phycitis Distant) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) were started during 5th and 4th SMW attained their peaks during 11th an 12th SMW respectively. The correlation study revealed that the leafhopper showed significant positive correlation with maximum temperature (r=0.623) and minimum temperature (r=0.283) and significantly negatively correlated with morning and evening relative humidity (r=-0.165, r=-0.122) respectively. While the correlation study between whitefly population and weather parameters revealed that the it showed positive correlation with maximum (r=0.821) and minimum (r=0.120) temperature and negatively correlated with morning and evening relative humidity (r=-0.097, r=-0.182) respectively whereas, rainfall showed non-significant correlation (r=0.00) with the both sucking pests.
{"title":"Impact of Abiotic Factors on Occurrence of Capsule Borer and Sucking Pests in Sesamum","authors":"P. Divya, S. Dhurua, M. Chalam, S. G. Rao, Gummadidala Chaitanya","doi":"10.23910/2/2024.5076b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5076b","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural college, Naira, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India during early summer (January–April) of 2021 to know about the incidence of leaf webber and sucking pests viz., leafhopper (Hishimonus phycitis Distant) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) its relation with main weather factors. Results revealed that a peak incidence of mean capsule borer population per plant were recorded in 9th and 11th standard weeks, respectively. The correlation study revealed that the Antigastra larvae had significantly positive correlation with maximum temperature (r=0.48) and significantly negative correlation with relative humidity (r=- 0.71). The regression analysis revealed that these factors accounted for approximately 59.8% of the variation in the capsule borer population (R2=0.598). The incidence of leafhopper (Hishimonus phycitis Distant) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) were started during 5th and 4th SMW attained their peaks during 11th an 12th SMW respectively. The correlation study revealed that the leafhopper showed significant positive correlation with maximum temperature (r=0.623) and minimum temperature (r=0.283) and significantly negatively correlated with morning and evening relative humidity (r=-0.165, r=-0.122) respectively. While the correlation study between whitefly population and weather parameters revealed that the it showed positive correlation with maximum (r=0.821) and minimum (r=0.120) temperature and negatively correlated with morning and evening relative humidity (r=-0.097, r=-0.182) respectively whereas, rainfall showed non-significant correlation (r=0.00) with the both sucking pests.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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