Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100952
Zhaodong Wang
This review explores the emerging field of ingestible electrochemical sensors for gastrointestinal (GI) disease detection and monitoring. These miniature devices, designed to be swallowed and travel through the GI tract, offer a revolutionary approach to non-invasive, real-time monitoring of various physiological parameters and biomarkers within the GI environment. The fundamental principles of electrochemical sensing and the key components of ingestible sensors have been presented, including electrodes, power sources, and communication systems. The review examines different types of ingestible electrochemical sensors, such as pH sensors utilizing ion-selective electrodes and metal oxides, gas sensors for detecting hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide, and biomarker sensors for molecules like serotonin. Recent advancements in materials science, microelectronics, and wireless communication have enabled the development of these sophisticated devices. This review highlights the potential applications of ingestible electrochemical sensors in diagnosing and monitoring conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and assessing medication adherence. The review also addresses the challenges facing the field, including power management, sensor stability, and data transmission. Finally, this review discuss future directions, including the integration of multiple sensing modalities, the use of biocompatible materials, and the application of artificial intelligence for data analysis, emphasizing the transformative potential of these technologies in personalized GI healthcare.
{"title":"Ingestible electrochemical sensors: Emerging tools for gastrointestinal disease detection and monitoring","authors":"Zhaodong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review explores the emerging field of ingestible electrochemical sensors for gastrointestinal (GI) disease detection and monitoring. These miniature devices, designed to be swallowed and travel through the GI tract, offer a revolutionary approach to non-invasive, real-time monitoring of various physiological parameters and biomarkers within the GI environment. The fundamental principles of electrochemical sensing and the key components of ingestible sensors have been presented, including electrodes, power sources, and communication systems. The review examines different types of ingestible electrochemical sensors, such as pH sensors utilizing ion-selective electrodes and metal oxides, gas sensors for detecting hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide, and biomarker sensors for molecules like serotonin. Recent advancements in materials science, microelectronics, and wireless communication have enabled the development of these sophisticated devices. This review highlights the potential applications of ingestible electrochemical sensors in diagnosing and monitoring conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and assessing medication adherence. The review also addresses the challenges facing the field, including power management, sensor stability, and data transmission. Finally, this review discuss future directions, including the integration of multiple sensing modalities, the use of biocompatible materials, and the application of artificial intelligence for data analysis, emphasizing the transformative potential of these technologies in personalized GI healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100952"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100950
Sana Siddique , Mubashera Ishaq , Abdul Ahad Hussain , Maryam Hina , Aamir Sohail , Sameen Maqsood , Aasma Akram , Farwa Bint E Arshad , Muhammad Yasin Naz , Kashif Kamran
The crystallization of water-soluble salts in the pores of a material severely affects the building structures and is a serious threat to the historical buildings of cultural importance. Electrokinetics (EK) has been investigated as a promising method for salt removal from fired-clay brick using low DC electric potential applications. This research work is focused on the desalination of fired-clay brick specimens intentionally contaminated with salt mixture (NaCl, Na2SO4, and NaNO3). In order to hinder the pH ingress in the brick and to enhance the removal efficiency, the kaolin clay poultice mixed with buffering agents was applied across the specimens, i.e., CaCO3 at the anode and CH3COOH at the cathode side. The effect of poultice composition on the removal of Na+, Clˉ, and ions was investigated by performing EK experiments for 24 h by employing kaolin clay with and without containing buffering agents. However, the effect of treatment time (i.e., 24, 36, and 48 h) on the removal of NaCl from brick samples was examined using clay poultice enriched with buffers. The results demonstrated that the clay poultice with buffering agents effectively suppressed the pH changes and enhanced the desalination efficiency in the salt mixture (66 % for Na+, 80 % for Clˉ, 79 % for , and 72 % for over 24 h) and NaCl case (93 % for Na+, 95 % for Clˉ over 72 h). Moreover, the EK treatment time is a critical parameter, with maximum removal rate occurring within the first 24 h, indicating that extending the treatment time beyond this duration is less efficient.
{"title":"Effect of poultice composition on multi-ion transport in fired-clay bricks during electrokinetic desalination","authors":"Sana Siddique , Mubashera Ishaq , Abdul Ahad Hussain , Maryam Hina , Aamir Sohail , Sameen Maqsood , Aasma Akram , Farwa Bint E Arshad , Muhammad Yasin Naz , Kashif Kamran","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The crystallization of water-soluble salts in the pores of a material severely affects the building structures and is a serious threat to the historical buildings of cultural importance. Electrokinetics (EK) has been investigated as a promising method for salt removal from fired-clay brick using low DC electric potential applications. This research work is focused on the desalination of fired-clay brick specimens intentionally contaminated with salt mixture (NaCl, Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, and NaNO<sub>3</sub>). In order to hinder the pH ingress in the brick and to enhance the removal efficiency, the kaolin clay poultice mixed with buffering agents was applied across the specimens, i.e., CaCO<sub>3</sub> at the anode and CH<sub>3</sub>COOH at the cathode side. The effect of poultice composition on the removal of Na<sup>+</sup>, Clˉ, <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>SO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> and <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>NO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> ions was investigated by performing EK experiments for 24 h by employing kaolin clay with and without containing buffering agents. However, the effect of treatment time (i.e., 24, 36, and 48 h) on the removal of NaCl from brick samples was examined using clay poultice enriched with buffers. The results demonstrated that the clay poultice with buffering agents effectively suppressed the pH changes and enhanced the desalination efficiency in the salt mixture (66 % for Na<sup>+</sup>, 80 % for Clˉ, 79 % for <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>SO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span>, and 72 % for <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>NO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> over 24 h) and NaCl case (93 % for Na<sup>+</sup>, 95 % for Clˉ over 72 h). Moreover, the EK treatment time is a critical parameter, with maximum removal rate occurring within the first 24 h, indicating that extending the treatment time beyond this duration is less efficient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100950"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100935
Xin Ma , Xiaoyun Hu , Junzhi Shen , Shukai Fan , Haiqun Yang , Hansong Li
Titanium matrix composites (TMCs) are widely utilized in aerospace applications owing to their exceptional mechanical properties. Nevertheless, the incorporation of reinforced particles renders them challenging to machine. Electrochemical drilling (ECD) is extensively applied for drilling hard-to-machine materials due to its advantages, such as no tool wear and no induced residual stresses. Initially, during ECD experiments utilizing a cathode tool with a diameter of 20 mm, an “anomalous phenomenon” was observed for the first time, wherein the entrance diameter was significantly smaller than the balance diameter. Subsequently, we investigated the causes of this phenomenon through experimental and simulation analyses, comparing the impacts of factors like the height of the working ring and the flow field at varying depths. The factors influencing the size of the chemical reaction heat source and ohmic heat source in ECD were examined. Following this, a model for the process of achieving the balance temperature in ECD was developed, revealing that the disparity between the initial and balance temperature was the primary cause of this phenomenon. Finally, reducing the cathode outlet area by 70.8 % was found to effectively enhance the consistency of the hole size, achieving a reduction of more than 90 % in hole size variation.
{"title":"Study on factors influencing hole diameter uniformity in electrochemical drilling of titanium matrix composites","authors":"Xin Ma , Xiaoyun Hu , Junzhi Shen , Shukai Fan , Haiqun Yang , Hansong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Titanium matrix composites (TMCs) are widely utilized in aerospace applications owing to their exceptional mechanical properties. Nevertheless, the incorporation of reinforced particles renders them challenging to machine. Electrochemical drilling (ECD) is extensively applied for drilling hard-to-machine materials due to its advantages, such as no tool wear and no induced residual stresses. Initially, during ECD experiments utilizing a cathode tool with a diameter of 20 mm, an “anomalous phenomenon” was observed for the first time, wherein the entrance diameter was significantly smaller than the balance diameter. Subsequently, we investigated the causes of this phenomenon through experimental and simulation analyses, comparing the impacts of factors like the height of the working ring and the flow field at varying depths. The factors influencing the size of the chemical reaction heat source and ohmic heat source in ECD were examined. Following this, a model for the process of achieving the balance temperature in ECD was developed, revealing that the disparity between the initial and balance temperature was the primary cause of this phenomenon. Finally, reducing the cathode outlet area by 70.8 % was found to effectively enhance the consistency of the hole size, achieving a reduction of more than 90 % in hole size variation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 4","pages":"Article 100935"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100945
Khalid H. Rashid , Anees A. Khadom , Abdul Amir H. Kadhum
The anodization technology is commonly used for surface enhancement for aluminum and its alloys. It is widely used to improve the hardness and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys. In the present work, the Doehlert experimental design was used to optimize the film generated on aluminum during anodization in oxalic or phosphoric solutions. The research assessed the oxide layer thickness (TOL) and practical oxide layer efficiency () based on variables such as temperature, electrolyte concentration, current density, and exposure duration. According to the Doehlert experimental design, 25 tests are achieved for each response function. The anodized aluminum samples are tested in an aggressive saline solution via electrochemical techniques. The open-circuit potential measurements showed that steady-state potentials are approached after 40 minutes. The polarization measurements showed that corrosion current density decreased with an increase in layer thickness. Maximum protection efficiency was 97 % at optimum layer thickness. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements indicated that the metal's resistance increased with the thickness of the layer, corroborating the polarization findings. The outcomes of the experimental design and mathematical modeling show that all process-independent variables are significant. Furthermore, the interaction between the independent variables on the thickness of the oxide layer and the practical oxide layer efficiency is very considerable. The optimum TOL and are 25.5459 μm and 0.976, respectively. These results were further validated through surface morphology analyses.
{"title":"Optimization of process parameters for 4643 Al alloy anodization in mixed oxalic/phosphoric electrolytes: Doehlert experimental design","authors":"Khalid H. Rashid , Anees A. Khadom , Abdul Amir H. Kadhum","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anodization technology is commonly used for surface enhancement for aluminum and its alloys. It is widely used to improve the hardness and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys. In the present work, the Doehlert experimental design was used to optimize the film generated on aluminum during anodization in oxalic or phosphoric solutions. The research assessed the oxide layer thickness (T<sub>OL</sub>) and practical oxide layer efficiency (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>POLE</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) based on variables such as temperature, electrolyte concentration, current density, and exposure duration. According to the Doehlert experimental design, 25 tests are achieved for each response function. The anodized aluminum samples are tested in an aggressive saline solution via electrochemical techniques. The open-circuit potential measurements showed that steady-state potentials are approached after 40 minutes. The polarization measurements showed that corrosion current density decreased with an increase in layer thickness. Maximum protection efficiency was 97 % at optimum layer thickness. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements indicated that the metal's resistance increased with the thickness of the layer, corroborating the polarization findings. The outcomes of the experimental design and mathematical modeling show that all process-independent variables are significant. Furthermore, the interaction between the independent variables on the thickness of the oxide layer and the practical oxide layer efficiency is very considerable. The optimum T<sub>OL</sub> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>POLE</mi></mrow></msub><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>are 25.5459 μm and 0.976, respectively. These results were further validated through surface morphology analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100945"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ciprofloxacin (Cpro) is a synthetic second-generation drug belonging to the fluoroquinolones class and its excretion in urine as unchanged, improper use, and overuse contributes to bacterial resistance. Therefore, continuous monitoring using sensitive and selective methods are required. In this work, a voltammetric technique with a pencil graphite electrode (PGE) modified by a novel complex of manganese (II) and chrysine (Chr (C17H14O7)) ([Mn(Chr)3]Cl2) has been developed. The performance and surface of the modified electrode were characterized using CV, EIS, Uv-Vis and digital optical microscope and compared with the unmodified PGE electrode. The developed method has been calibrated using a series of standard solutions with increasing concentration after optimizing pH and SWV parameters. Then, ciprofloxacin has been determined in two brands of pharmaceuticals, in urine samples, and in the presence of different potential interference. The percent recoveries of Cpro in pharmaceuticals were in the range of 84.5–114.3 %, and in urine samples were in the range of 92.8–114.9 %. The values of dynamic range, LoD, and sensitivity were 1–200 µM, 0.536 µM, and −0.161, respectively. The method was selective towards Cpro in the presence of paracetamol and uric acid and can be taken as an option for the determination of ciprofloxacin in different matrices.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and application of a novel electrochemical sensor based on poly [Mn(Chr)3]Cl2/PGE for the determination of ciprofloxacin in pharmaceuticals and urine samples","authors":"Abebaw Shitahun , Minaleshewa Atlabachew , Belete Asefa Aragaw , Amare Benor , Melaku Metto , Atakilt Abebe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ciprofloxacin (Cpro) is a synthetic second-generation drug belonging to the fluoroquinolones class and its excretion in urine as unchanged, improper use, and overuse contributes to bacterial resistance. Therefore, continuous monitoring using sensitive and selective methods are required. In this work, a voltammetric technique with a pencil graphite electrode (PGE) modified by a novel complex of manganese (II) and chrysine (Chr (C<sub>17</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>7</sub>)) ([Mn(Chr)<sub>3</sub>]Cl<sub>2</sub>) has been developed. The performance and surface of the modified electrode were characterized using CV, EIS, Uv-Vis and digital optical microscope and compared with the unmodified PGE electrode. The developed method has been calibrated using a series of standard solutions with increasing concentration after optimizing pH and SWV parameters. Then, ciprofloxacin has been determined in two brands of pharmaceuticals, in urine samples, and in the presence of different potential interference. The percent recoveries of Cpro in pharmaceuticals were in the range of 84.5–114.3 %, and in urine samples were in the range of 92.8–114.9 %. The values of dynamic range, LoD, and sensitivity were 1–200 µM, 0.536 µM, and −0.161, respectively. The method was selective towards Cpro in the presence of paracetamol and uric acid and can be taken as an option for the determination of ciprofloxacin in different matrices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100937"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100947
Theo H.G. Moundzounga , Moses G. Peleyeju , Benjamin O. Orimolade , Abimbola M. Olatunde , Winny K. Maboya , Samson O. Akpotu , Muntuwenkosi M. Chili , Michael J. Klink
The need to monitor priority pollutants in the aqueous environments cannot be overemphasised. Herein, we employed a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with a nanocomposite of carbondots (CDs) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) for the determination of arsenic(III) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in aqueous media. The composite material, synthesised by microwave technique, was characterised by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical behaviours of the modified glassy electrode were also investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulsed voltammetry. The findings indicated that the constructed g-C3N4/CDs/GCE electrode markedly improved the oxidation peak currents of both analytes, suggesting enhanced sensitivities. Notably, the working ranges and detection limits obtained for arsenic (III) were 2 – 10 and 1.64 μM and 0.3 – 0.1 and 0.10 μM for SMX, respectively. Though, copper, cadmium, lead and zinc were observed to interfere with the determination of As3+, but EDTA was used to mask these interfering effects of the cations. The modified electrode (g- C3N4/CDs/GCE) was used to quantify arsenic and SMX in spiked aqueous solution by standard addition and percentage recoveries of 98–100% and 80–105% were recorded for As3+ and SMX respectively. Thus, the findings of this study established that the investigated nanocomposite material represents an easy and sensitive platform for the determination of As3+ and SMX in the aqueous environments to curb environmental pollution.
{"title":"Voltammetric analysis of As3+ and sulfamethoxazole on an electrode modified with a composite of carbon dots and graphitic carbon nitride","authors":"Theo H.G. Moundzounga , Moses G. Peleyeju , Benjamin O. Orimolade , Abimbola M. Olatunde , Winny K. Maboya , Samson O. Akpotu , Muntuwenkosi M. Chili , Michael J. Klink","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The need to monitor priority pollutants in the aqueous environments cannot be overemphasised. Herein, we employed a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with a nanocomposite of carbondots (CDs) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) for the determination of arsenic(III) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in aqueous media. The composite material, synthesised by microwave technique, was characterised by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical behaviours of the modified glassy electrode were also investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulsed voltammetry. The findings indicated that the constructed g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4/CDs/GCE electrode markedly improved the oxidation peak currents of both analytes,</sub> suggesting enhanced sensitivities. Notably, the working ranges and detection limits obtained for arsenic (III) were 2 – 10 and 1.64 μM and 0.3 – 0.1 and 0.10 μM for SMX, respectively. Though, copper, cadmium, lead and zinc were observed to interfere with the determination of As<sup>3+</sup>, but EDTA was used to mask these interfering effects of the cations. The modified electrode (g- C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4/CDs/GCE) was used to quantify arsenic and SMX in spiked aqueous solution by standard</sub> addition and percentage recoveries of 98–100% and 80–105% were recorded for As<sup>3+</sup> and SMX respectively. Thus, the findings of this study established that the investigated nanocomposite material represents an easy and sensitive platform for the determination of As<sup>3+</sup> and SMX in the aqueous environments to curb environmental pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100946
Shun-Chung Wang , Chun-Liang Liu , Guan-Jhu Chen , Yi-Hua Liu , Jyun-Hong Chen , Yu-Chin Kao
Lithium-ion batteries are crucial for portable devices like smartphones and laptops, as well as electric vehicles like e-bikes and cars. However, commercial products often opt for simple charging methods without considering the specific demands of different battery states of health. This study evaluates five simple charging methods under varying battery health conditions, based on six performance indicators: maximum temperature rise, average temperature rise, charge capacity, discharge capacity, charge rate, and charge efficiency. The five methods include constant current-constant voltage charging, constant power-constant voltage charging, and constant loss-constant voltage charging. The study also proposes a states of health estimation method for the charging techniques, using a neural network to build a battery states of health estimator. The results show a maximum relative error of 4.12 %, a minimum relative error of 0.1 %, an average relative error of 0.98 %, and a root mean square error of 1.35 %.
{"title":"Evaluation of low-complexity algorithms for assessing lithium-ion battery charging based on state of health metrics","authors":"Shun-Chung Wang , Chun-Liang Liu , Guan-Jhu Chen , Yi-Hua Liu , Jyun-Hong Chen , Yu-Chin Kao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium-ion batteries are crucial for portable devices like smartphones and laptops, as well as electric vehicles like e-bikes and cars. However, commercial products often opt for simple charging methods without considering the specific demands of different battery states of health. This study evaluates five simple charging methods under varying battery health conditions, based on six performance indicators: maximum temperature rise, average temperature rise, charge capacity, discharge capacity, charge rate, and charge efficiency. The five methods include constant current-constant voltage charging, constant power-constant voltage charging, and constant loss-constant voltage charging. The study also proposes a states of health estimation method for the charging techniques, using a neural network to build a battery states of health estimator. The results show a maximum relative error of 4.12 %, a minimum relative error of 0.1 %, an average relative error of 0.98 %, and a root mean square error of 1.35 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100946"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100936
Roland Tolulope Loto, Ordinakachukwu Uvemena Uyanwune, Ayomide Oreoluwa Oluwasesan, Ipinnuoluwa Joseph Oladipo, Marshal Emokpare Agbi
The corrosion inhibition performance of Vitis vinifera seed oil (VVSO) was investigated on high-carbon steel (HCS) and ferrovanadium (FV) alloy in 0.25 M H₂SO₄ solution using gravimetric, potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential (OCP) measurements and optical microscopy. Gravimetric studies revealed superior inhibition efficiency on HCS, where corrosion rates decreased progressively with increasing VVSO concentration, reaching 95 % efficiency at 0.5 % VVSO after 360 h of exposure. In comparison, FV alloys exhibited moderate inhibition, peaking at 73.95 % at 2 % VVSO. Potentiodynamic polarization results confirmed mixed-type inhibition behavior, with significant reductions in corrosion current density for HCS, correlating with efficiencies exceeding 70 %. Conversely, for FV alloys, the highest inhibition efficiency of 72.95 % was recorded at 2 % VVSO, suggesting adsorption saturation at higher concentrations. Open circuit potential studies highlighted shifts to less negative potentials, indicative of enhanced corrosion resistance. For HCS, stabilization occurred around −0.490 V at 0.5 % VVSO, forming a protective layer, while for FV, the potential stabilized at −0.495 V at 3 % VVSO, demonstrating uniform inhibitor adsorption and reduced anodic dissolution. Overall, VVSO demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition, exhibiting superior protection on HCS and moderate efficacy on FV as evident in the difference between the optical images of the inhibited and non-inhibited alloy surfaces. The findings underscore the potential of VVSO as an eco-friendly and effective corrosion inhibitor, with optimal performance influenced by substrate material and inhibitor concentration.
{"title":"Evaluation of Vitis vinifera seed oil as a green corrosion inhibitor for high-carbon steel and ferrovanadium alloys in sulfuric acid","authors":"Roland Tolulope Loto, Ordinakachukwu Uvemena Uyanwune, Ayomide Oreoluwa Oluwasesan, Ipinnuoluwa Joseph Oladipo, Marshal Emokpare Agbi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The corrosion inhibition performance of <em>Vitis vinifera</em> seed oil (VVSO) was investigated on high-carbon steel (HCS) and ferrovanadium (FV) alloy in 0.25 M H₂SO₄ solution using gravimetric, potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential (OCP) measurements and optical microscopy. Gravimetric studies revealed superior inhibition efficiency on HCS, where corrosion rates decreased progressively with increasing VVSO concentration, reaching 95 % efficiency at 0.5 % VVSO after 360 h of exposure. In comparison, FV alloys exhibited moderate inhibition, peaking at 73.95 % at 2 % VVSO. Potentiodynamic polarization results confirmed mixed-type inhibition behavior, with significant reductions in corrosion current density for HCS, correlating with efficiencies exceeding 70 %. Conversely, for FV alloys, the highest inhibition efficiency of 72.95 % was recorded at 2 % VVSO, suggesting adsorption saturation at higher concentrations. Open circuit potential studies highlighted shifts to less negative potentials, indicative of enhanced corrosion resistance. For HCS, stabilization occurred around −0.490 V at 0.5 % VVSO, forming a protective layer, while for FV, the potential stabilized at −0.495 V at 3 % VVSO, demonstrating uniform inhibitor adsorption and reduced anodic dissolution. Overall, VVSO demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition, exhibiting superior protection on HCS and moderate efficacy on FV as evident in the difference between the optical images of the inhibited and non-inhibited alloy surfaces. The findings underscore the potential of VVSO as an eco-friendly and effective corrosion inhibitor, with optimal performance influenced by substrate material and inhibitor concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100933
Jaber Taheri-Shakib , Adil Al-Mayah
This research manuscript presents a comprehensive analysis of the effects of cover thickness on the corrosion dynamics in reinforced concrete structures. Two distinct concrete cover thicknesses were studies namely: the small cover (SC) and the large cover (LC). Employing advanced 3D imaging techniques, X-ray Computed Tomography (CT), and material analysis methodologies, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) equipped with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy. This study delves into the corrosion process under accelerated conditions. The examination of point corrosion in both specimens highlights distinctive patterns influenced by the concrete cover thickness. The SC experiences point corrosion in larger pits within the corrosion zone of the steel reinforcement, resulting in interconnected 'wormholes' pathways that amplify localized corrosion effects. The LC displays a more dispersed pattern of point corrosion initiation within the corrosion zone of the steel reinforcement, with the resulting corrosion products remaining confined to their original locations. Analysis of crack formation reveals that SC exhibits an increase in cracks with branching, but their origins do not align with areas of maximum corrosion pit formation in the steel reinforcement. In contrast, LC displays a unique pattern of crack initiation, originating near pores and within the corrosion pits in the steel reinforcement, with smaller openings and limited branching, primarily guided by pore presence. The Raman spectroscopy analysis reveals that the predominant compounds in SC are iron hydroxides, primarily ferrihydrite with reduced crystallinity, indicating an ongoing corrosion process within the steel reinforcement. In contrast, the corrosion products in LC consist of iron oxides and iron hydroxides, reflecting a more complex corrosion process within the steel reinforcement.
{"title":"Influence of concrete cover thickness on steel corrosion in reinforced concrete: Insights from advanced imaging and material analysis","authors":"Jaber Taheri-Shakib , Adil Al-Mayah","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research manuscript presents a comprehensive analysis of the effects of cover thickness on the corrosion dynamics in reinforced concrete structures. Two distinct concrete cover thicknesses were studies namely: the small cover (SC) and the large cover (LC). Employing advanced 3D imaging techniques, X-ray Computed Tomography (CT), and material analysis methodologies, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) equipped with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy. This study delves into the corrosion process under accelerated conditions. The examination of point corrosion in both specimens highlights distinctive patterns influenced by the concrete cover thickness. The SC experiences point corrosion in larger pits within the corrosion zone of the steel reinforcement, resulting in interconnected 'wormholes' pathways that amplify localized corrosion effects. The LC displays a more dispersed pattern of point corrosion initiation within the corrosion zone of the steel reinforcement, with the resulting corrosion products remaining confined to their original locations. Analysis of crack formation reveals that SC exhibits an increase in cracks with branching, but their origins do not align with areas of maximum corrosion pit formation in the steel reinforcement. In contrast, LC displays a unique pattern of crack initiation, originating near pores and within the corrosion pits in the steel reinforcement, with smaller openings and limited branching, primarily guided by pore presence. The Raman spectroscopy analysis reveals that the predominant compounds in SC are iron hydroxides, primarily ferrihydrite with reduced crystallinity, indicating an ongoing corrosion process within the steel reinforcement. In contrast, the corrosion products in LC consist of iron oxides and iron hydroxides, reflecting a more complex corrosion process within the steel reinforcement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100934
Xia Cao , Yafeng He , Sipeng Wang
This study proposes a micromilling-assisted electrochemical machining method to obtain high-quality surfaces on a titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). This method replaces the traditional mixed electrolyte composed of NaCl and NaNO3 with a highly replication-accurate NaNO3 electrolyte. The passive film on the titanium alloy surface was alternately removed by the cutting action of the micromilling cutters, ensuring smooth progress in electrochemical machining. A theoretical model of the cross-sectional profile of Ti6Al4V micromilling-assisted electrochemical machining was established, and dynamic numerical simulations and process experiments were conducted. The effects of machining voltage, feed speed, and spindle speed on the current density and machining depth were investigated. The results indicated that the machining depth increased with machining voltage and decreased with higher feed and spindle speeds. At a feed speed of 3 mm/min, processing voltage of 24 V, and spindle speed of 2000 r/min, the surface quality of the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V was high, achieving a surface roughness of 1.785 μm. The experimental cross-sectional profile of the composite processing depth aligned well with theoretical predictions.
{"title":"Numerical simulation and experimental study on micromilling-assisted electrochemical machining","authors":"Xia Cao , Yafeng He , Sipeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.100934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a micromilling-assisted electrochemical machining method to obtain high-quality surfaces on a titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). This method replaces the traditional mixed electrolyte composed of NaCl and NaNO<sub>3</sub> with a highly replication-accurate NaNO<sub>3</sub> electrolyte. The passive film on the titanium alloy surface was alternately removed by the cutting action of the micromilling cutters, ensuring smooth progress in electrochemical machining. A theoretical model of the cross-sectional profile of Ti6Al4V micromilling-assisted electrochemical machining was established, and dynamic numerical simulations and process experiments were conducted. The effects of machining voltage, feed speed, and spindle speed on the current density and machining depth were investigated. The results indicated that the machining depth increased with machining voltage and decreased with higher feed and spindle speeds. At a feed speed of 3 mm/min, processing voltage of 24 V, and spindle speed of 2000 r/min, the surface quality of the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V was high, achieving a surface roughness of 1.785 μm. The experimental cross-sectional profile of the composite processing depth aligned well with theoretical predictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100934"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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