Background: The available data on the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and serum lipids are controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between DII® and serum lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) in general populations. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to December 2019. Case-control, cohort or cross-sectional studies that evaluated the relationship between DII® and serum lipids were included. The random-effects model was applied to evaluate the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: In total, twenty-four cross-sectional and one case-control studies with a total sample size of 129,759 were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that the highest category of DII® was associated with 5.16 mg/dl increase in TC (Pooled WMD: 5.16; 95% CI: 0.58-9.73, p = 0.02) and 3.99 mg/dl increase in LDL-C (Pooled WMD: 3.99; 95% CI: 1.16-6.81, p = 0.006). However, no significant association between DII® scores, HDL-C and TG was found. In subgroup analysis, the geographical region, gender, and dietary assessment methods were potent sources of heterogeneity. Conclusion: This study showed that a higher level of DII® was associated with higher levels of TC and LDL-C in apparently healthy populations. Since the included studies had observational designs, therefore, no conclusion of causality was possible. More studies with interventional designs are required to elucidate the causality of the observed association between DII® and the risk of abnormal lipid profile.
背景:关于膳食炎症指数(DII®)与血脂之间关系的现有数据存在争议。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在探讨DII®与血脂之间的关系,包括一般人群的总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和甘油三酯(TG)。方法:系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、SCOPUS、Cochrane等电子数据库,检索时间为建库至2019年12月。纳入了评估DII®与血脂关系的病例对照、队列或横断面研究。采用随机效应模型评估合并加权平均差(WMD)和95%置信区间(CI)。结果:meta分析共纳入24项横断面研究和1项病例对照研究,总样本量为129,759。综合结果显示,最高类型DII与TC升高5.16 mg/dl相关(综合WMD: 5.16;95% CI: 0.58-9.73, p = 0.02)和LDL-C升高3.99 mg/dl(合并WMD: 3.99;95% CI: 1.16-6.81, p = 0.006)。然而,没有发现DII®评分、HDL-C和TG之间的显著关联。在亚组分析中,地理区域、性别和饮食评估方法是异质性的重要来源。结论:本研究表明,在表面健康人群中,较高水平的DII与较高水平的TC和LDL-C相关。由于纳入的研究采用观察性设计,因此不可能得出因果关系的结论。需要更多的介入研究来阐明已观察到的DII®与血脂异常风险之间的因果关系。
{"title":"Dietary inflammatory index significantly affects lipids profile among adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mahdi Vajdi, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi, Mahsa Mahmoudi-Nezhad","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background</i>: The available data on the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII<sup>®</sup>) and serum lipids are controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between DII<sup>®</sup> and serum lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) in general populations. <i>Methods</i>: PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to December 2019. Case-control, cohort or cross-sectional studies that evaluated the relationship between DII<sup>®</sup> and serum lipids were included. The random-effects model was applied to evaluate the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). <i>Results</i>: In total, twenty-four cross-sectional and one case-control studies with a total sample size of 129,759 were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that the highest category of DII<sup>®</sup> was associated with 5.16 mg/dl increase in TC (Pooled WMD: 5.16; 95% CI: 0.58-9.73, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and 3.99 mg/dl increase in LDL-C (Pooled WMD: 3.99; 95% CI: 1.16-6.81, <i>p</i> = 0.006). However, no significant association between DII<sup>®</sup> scores, HDL-C and TG was found. In subgroup analysis, the geographical region, gender, and dietary assessment methods were potent sources of heterogeneity. <i>Conclusion</i>: This study showed that a higher level of DII<sup>®</sup> was associated with higher levels of TC and LDL-C in apparently healthy populations. Since the included studies had observational designs, therefore, no conclusion of causality was possible. More studies with interventional designs are required to elucidate the causality of the observed association between DII<sup>®</sup> and the risk of abnormal lipid profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":"92 5-6","pages":"431-447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38673297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2020-12-07DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000690
Habib Yarizadeh, Alireza Bahiraee, Sara Asadi, Niloofar Sadat Maddahi, Leila Setayesh, Krista Casazza, Khadijeh Mirzaei
Objective: The genetic variants near the melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4R), a key protein regulating energy balance and adiposity, have been related to obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. However, qualitative and quantitative aspects of diet may modulate the association of this polymorphism with obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate interactions among MC4R rs17782313, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and risk factors for CVDs. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 266 Iranian women categorized by body mass index (BMI) range of 25-40 kg/m2 as overweight or obese. CVD risk factors included waist circumference (WC), lipid profile, blood pressure, insulin circulation and fasting blood sugar (FBS). Insulin and FBS were used to calculate homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) Body composition was assessed by a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer, InBody 770 scanner. Results: The findings of this study show that high adherence to the DASH diet in the CC groups were associated with decreased SBP and DBP compared to the TT group. In addition, a significant difference between women with high adherence to the DASH diet compared to low adherence was observed for body weight (p < 0.001), fat free mass (FFM) (p = 0.01) and BMI (p = 0.02). Women with the CC genotype had higher insulin (mg/dl) (mean and SD, for TT: 14.6 ± 4.6, TC: 17.3 ± 9.2, CC: 15.3 ± 4.8, p = 0.04) and HOMA-IR (mean for and SD, TT: 3.1 ± 1.07, TC: 3.9 ± 2.4, CC: 3.2 ± 1.1, p = 0.01) than TT group. Inclusion of potential confounding variables (age, physical activity, BMI and daily caloric intake) did not attenuate the difference. Conclusion: Among overweight/obese Iranian women with the CC genotype, incorporating the DASH diet may serve as a dietary prescription to decrease CVD risk. A dietary intervention trial is warranted.
{"title":"The interaction between dietary approaches to stop hypertension and MC4R gene variant in predicting cardiovascular risk factors.","authors":"Habib Yarizadeh, Alireza Bahiraee, Sara Asadi, Niloofar Sadat Maddahi, Leila Setayesh, Krista Casazza, Khadijeh Mirzaei","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Objective</i>: The genetic variants near the melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4R), a key protein regulating energy balance and adiposity, have been related to obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. However, qualitative and quantitative aspects of diet may modulate the association of this polymorphism with obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate interactions among MC4R rs17782313, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and risk factors for CVDs. <i>Method</i>: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 266 Iranian women categorized by body mass index (BMI) range of 25-40 kg/m<sup>2</sup> as overweight or obese. CVD risk factors included waist circumference (WC), lipid profile, blood pressure, insulin circulation and fasting blood sugar (FBS). Insulin and FBS were used to calculate homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) Body composition was assessed by a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer, InBody 770 scanner. <i>Results</i>: The findings of this study show that high adherence to the DASH diet in the CC groups were associated with decreased SBP and DBP compared to the TT group. In addition, a significant difference between women with high adherence to the DASH diet compared to low adherence was observed for body weight (p < 0.001), fat free mass (FFM) (p = 0.01) and BMI (p = 0.02). Women with the CC genotype had higher insulin (mg/dl) (mean and SD, for TT: 14.6 ± 4.6, TC: 17.3 ± 9.2, CC: 15.3 ± 4.8, p = 0.04) and HOMA-IR (mean for and SD, TT: 3.1 ± 1.07, TC: 3.9 ± 2.4, CC: 3.2 ± 1.1, p = 0.01) than TT group. Inclusion of potential confounding variables (age, physical activity, BMI and daily caloric intake) did not attenuate the difference. <i>Conclusion</i>: Among overweight/obese Iranian women with the CC genotype, incorporating the DASH diet may serve as a dietary prescription to decrease CVD risk. A dietary intervention trial is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":"92 5-6","pages":"376-384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38680146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2020-08-14DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000677
Nasim Rezaeimanesh, Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi, Zeinab Ghorbani, Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi, Azita Hekmatdoost, Nahid Beladi Moghadam, Mohammad Ali Sahraian
Introduction: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a demyelinating inflammatory disease of The Central nervous system. We aimed to investigate the association between low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and NMOSD odds. Method: Seventy NMOSD patients with definite diagnosis and 164 hospital-based controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Dietary data was obtained using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire. To determine the LCD score, participants were stratified into 11 groups according to carbohydrate, protein, fat, animal fat, animal protein, vegetable fat and vegetable protein intakes. Higher intake of protein and fat, and lower intake of carbohydrate received a higher score between 0-10. Macronutrients scores were summed together and LCD scores calculated. The association between LCD scores and likelihood of being assigned to NMOSD group was investigated using multiple regression models. Results: Total LCD scores increased from the median of 21.00 in the first decile to 53.00 in the tenth decile of LCD score. After adjustment for confounding factors including age, gender, BMI, energy intake, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, an inverse association was detected between LCD scores and odds of NMOSD. The odds of suffering from NMOSD declined significantly about 78% (OR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.05-0.87) and 76% (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.06-0.93) in the fifth and sixth deciles of LCD score compared to the first decile. Conclusion: From the obtained results it can be speculated that higher carbohydrate and lower protein and fat intakes may be associate with the increased odds of NMOSD. However, further studies are needed to confirm these results.
{"title":"Low carbohydrate diet score and odds of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A case-control study.","authors":"Nasim Rezaeimanesh, Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi, Zeinab Ghorbani, Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi, Azita Hekmatdoost, Nahid Beladi Moghadam, Mohammad Ali Sahraian","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Introduction</i>: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a demyelinating inflammatory disease of The Central nervous system. We aimed to investigate the association between low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and NMOSD odds. <i>Method</i>: Seventy NMOSD patients with definite diagnosis and 164 hospital-based controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Dietary data was obtained using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire. To determine the LCD score, participants were stratified into 11 groups according to carbohydrate, protein, fat, animal fat, animal protein, vegetable fat and vegetable protein intakes. Higher intake of protein and fat, and lower intake of carbohydrate received a higher score between 0-10. Macronutrients scores were summed together and LCD scores calculated. The association between LCD scores and likelihood of being assigned to NMOSD group was investigated using multiple regression models. <i>Results</i>: Total LCD scores increased from the median of 21.00 in the first decile to 53.00 in the tenth decile of LCD score. After adjustment for confounding factors including age, gender, BMI, energy intake, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, an inverse association was detected between LCD scores and odds of NMOSD. The odds of suffering from NMOSD declined significantly about 78% (OR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.05-0.87) and 76% (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.06-0.93) in the fifth and sixth deciles of LCD score compared to the first decile. <i>Conclusion</i>: From the obtained results it can be speculated that higher carbohydrate and lower protein and fat intakes may be associate with the increased odds of NMOSD. However, further studies are needed to confirm these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":"92 5-6","pages":"321-330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38272952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2020-08-03DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000670
Ayşe Nur İzol Torun
{"title":"Is vitamin C an effective agent for the prevention of COVID-19 and treatment of severe infection in the ICU?","authors":"Ayşe Nur İzol Torun","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000670","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":"92 5-6","pages":"299-300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38220346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2020-11-04DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000683
Ali M Al-Nawaiseh, Robert C Pritchett, Kelly Kerr Pritchett, Mo'ath F Bataineh, Akef M Taifour, David Bellar, Makenzie A Schoeff, Brian Fox, Amy Judge, Lawrence W Judge
Caffeine has documented hypoalgesic effects during exercise. However, there is a lack of research focusing on caffeine's potential analgesic effects to ameliorate delayed onset muscle soreness. A placebo controlled randomized cross-over trial was carried out to determine if 5 mg/kg of body weight (mg/kgBW) of caffeine attenuates muscle pain and improves 5 k running performance following delayed onset muscle soreness. Prior to participating, eleven runners (9 male; 2 female; age, 24.5 ± 6.3 years; height, 173.6 ± 7.8 cm; body mass, 66.3 ± 7.5 kg; BMI, 23.18 kg/m2 ± 1.6; VO2max 61.0 ± 6.1 ml/kg/min-1), were asked to discontinue supplement use for 72 hours and abstain from caffeine consumption for 48 hours. Participants performed a 30-minute downhill run on a treadmill set at -10% grade at 70% VO2max to induce delayed onset of muscle soreness. Participants then returned 48 hours after to complete a 5 k time trial run where they consumed either 5 mg/kgBW of caffeine or a placebo. Rate of perceived exertion and heart rate were taken every two minutes during the trial. There was no detectable statistical difference between 5 k performance between caffeine (1074.9 ± 119.7 sec) or placebo (1053.8 ± 86.8 sec) (p = .41). Algometer readings were similar between both treatments for muscle soreness in the rectus femoris (p = .791) and the vastus medialis oblique (p = .371). Muscle soreness ratings were found to be greater in the caffeine condition compared to the placebo condition (p = .030). There was no effect of treatment on rating of perceived exertion between conditions (p = .574). The present study suggests that caffeine is not effective at reducing muscle soreness, rating of perceived exertion, or improving running performance in a time trial in the presence of muscle soreness.
{"title":"No significant effect of caffeine on five kilometer running performance after muscle damage.","authors":"Ali M Al-Nawaiseh, Robert C Pritchett, Kelly Kerr Pritchett, Mo'ath F Bataineh, Akef M Taifour, David Bellar, Makenzie A Schoeff, Brian Fox, Amy Judge, Lawrence W Judge","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> Caffeine has documented hypoalgesic effects during exercise. However, there is a lack of research focusing on caffeine's potential analgesic effects to ameliorate delayed onset muscle soreness. A placebo controlled randomized cross-over trial was carried out to determine if 5 mg/kg of body weight (mg/kgBW) of caffeine attenuates muscle pain and improves 5 k running performance following delayed onset muscle soreness. Prior to participating, eleven runners (9 male; 2 female; age, 24.5 ± 6.3 years; height, 173.6 ± 7.8 cm; body mass, 66.3 ± 7.5 kg; BMI, 23.18 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ± 1.6; VO<sub>2max</sub> 61.0 ± 6.1 ml/kg/min<sup>-1</sup>), were asked to discontinue supplement use for 72 hours and abstain from caffeine consumption for 48 hours. Participants performed a 30-minute downhill run on a treadmill set at -10% grade at 70% VO<sub>2max</sub> to induce delayed onset of muscle soreness. Participants then returned 48 hours after to complete a 5 k time trial run where they consumed either 5 mg/kgBW of caffeine or a placebo. Rate of perceived exertion and heart rate were taken every two minutes during the trial. There was no detectable statistical difference between 5 k performance between caffeine (1074.9 ± 119.7 sec) or placebo (1053.8 ± 86.8 sec) (<i>p</i> = .41). Algometer readings were similar between both treatments for muscle soreness in the rectus femoris (<i>p</i> = .791) and the vastus medialis oblique (<i>p</i> = .371). Muscle soreness ratings were found to be greater in the caffeine condition compared to the placebo condition (<i>p</i> = .030). There was no effect of treatment on rating of perceived exertion between conditions (<i>p</i> = .574). The present study suggests that caffeine is not effective at reducing muscle soreness, rating of perceived exertion, or improving running performance in a time trial in the presence of muscle soreness.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":"92 5-6","pages":"357-365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38569594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2020-09-21DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000682
Zafer Sahin, Alpaslan Ozkurkculer, Omer Faruk Kalkan, Ahmet Ozkaya, Aynur Koc, Raviye Ozen Koca, Hatice Solak, Zulfikare Isik Solak Gormus, Selim Kutlu
Alterations of essential elements in the brain are associated with the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. It is known that chronic/overwhelming stress may cause some anxiety and/or depression. We aimed to investigate the effects of two different chronic immobilization stress protocols on anxiety-related behaviors and brain minerals. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups as follows (n = 10/group): control, immobilization stress-1 (45 minutes daily for 7-day) and immobilization stress-2 (45 minutes twice a day for 7-day). Stress-related behaviors were evaluated by open field test and forced swimming test. In the immobilization stress-1 and immobilization stress-2 groups, percentage of time spent in the central area (6.38 ± 0.41% and 6.28 ± 1.03% respectively, p < 0.05) and rearing frequency (2.75 ± 0.41 and 3.85 ± 0.46, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) were lower, latency to center area (49.11 ± 5.87 s and 44.92 ± 8.04 s, p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively), were higher than the control group (8.65 ± 0.49%, 5.37 ± 0.44 and 15.3 ± 3.32 s, respectively). In the immobilization stress-1 group, zinc (12.65 ± 0.1 ppm, p < 0.001), magnesium (170.4 ± 1.7 ppm, p < 0.005) and phosphate (2.76 ± 0.1 ppm, p < 0.05) levels were lower than the control group (13.87 ± 0.16 ppm, 179.31 ± 1.87 ppm and 3.11 ± 0.06 ppm, respectively). In the immobilization stress-2 group, magnesium (171.56 ± 1.87 ppm, p < 0.05), phosphate (2.44 ± 0.07 ppm, p < 0.001) levels were lower, and manganese (373.68 ± 5.76 ppb, p < 0.001) and copper (2.79 ± 0.15 ppm, p < 0.05) levels were higher than the control group (179.31 ± 1.87 ppm, 3.11 ± 0.06 ppm, 327.25 ± 8.35 ppb and 2.45 ± 0.05 ppm, respectively). Our results indicated that 7-day chronic immobilization stress increased anxiety-related behaviors in both stress groups. Zinc, magnesium, phosphate, copper and manganese levels were affected in the brain.
大脑中基本元素的改变与许多神经精神疾病的病理生理有关。众所周知,长期的/压倒性的压力可能会导致一些焦虑和/或抑郁。我们的目的是研究两种不同的慢性固定应激方案对焦虑相关行为和脑矿物质的影响。将成年雄性Wistar大鼠分为3组(n = 10/组):对照组、固定应激-1组(每天45分钟,连续7 d)和固定应激-2组(45分钟,每天2次,连续7 d)。采用野外试验和强迫游泳试验评价应激相关行为。在固定应激1组和固定应激2组中,在中心区停留的时间百分比分别为6.38±0.41%和6.28±1.03%,p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
{"title":"Chronic immobilization stress induces anxiety-related behaviors and affects brain essential minerals in male rats.","authors":"Zafer Sahin, Alpaslan Ozkurkculer, Omer Faruk Kalkan, Ahmet Ozkaya, Aynur Koc, Raviye Ozen Koca, Hatice Solak, Zulfikare Isik Solak Gormus, Selim Kutlu","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> Alterations of essential elements in the brain are associated with the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. It is known that chronic/overwhelming stress may cause some anxiety and/or depression. We aimed to investigate the effects of two different chronic immobilization stress protocols on anxiety-related behaviors and brain minerals. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups as follows (<i>n</i> = 10/group): control, immobilization stress-1 (45 minutes daily for 7-day) and immobilization stress-2 (45 minutes twice a day for 7-day). Stress-related behaviors were evaluated by open field test and forced swimming test. In the immobilization stress-1 and immobilization stress-2 groups, percentage of time spent in the central area (6.38 ± 0.41% and 6.28 ± 1.03% respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and rearing frequency (2.75 ± 0.41 and 3.85 ± 0.46, <i>p</i> < 0.01 and <i>p</i> < 0.05, respectively) were lower, latency to center area (49.11 ± 5.87 s and 44.92 ± 8.04 s, <i>p</i> < 0.01 and <i>p</i> < 0.01, respectively), were higher than the control group (8.65 ± 0.49%, 5.37 ± 0.44 and 15.3 ± 3.32 s, respectively). In the immobilization stress-1 group, zinc (12.65 ± 0.1 ppm, <i>p</i> < 0.001), magnesium (170.4 ± 1.7 ppm, <i>p</i> < 0.005) and phosphate (2.76 ± 0.1 ppm, <i>p</i> < 0.05) levels were lower than the control group (13.87 ± 0.16 ppm, 179.31 ± 1.87 ppm and 3.11 ± 0.06 ppm, respectively). In the immobilization stress-2 group, magnesium (171.56 ± 1.87 ppm, <i>p</i> < 0.05), phosphate (2.44 ± 0.07 ppm, <i>p</i> < 0.001) levels were lower, and manganese (373.68 ± 5.76 ppb, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and copper (2.79 ± 0.15 ppm, <i>p</i> < 0.05) levels were higher than the control group (179.31 ± 1.87 ppm, 3.11 ± 0.06 ppm, 327.25 ± 8.35 ppb and 2.45 ± 0.05 ppm, respectively). Our results indicated that 7-day chronic immobilization stress increased anxiety-related behaviors in both stress groups. Zinc, magnesium, phosphate, copper and manganese levels were affected in the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":"92 5-6","pages":"349-356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38404062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2020-10-26DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000684
Rim Taleb, Bassel Hafez, Nadim El Kassir, Hani El Achkar, Mohamad Mourad
Vitamin B12, a water-soluble vitamin, plays a vital role in the formation of hematopoietic stem cells and has been associated with oral mucosal diseases, mainly recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The latter is a debilitating condition, and B12 was proposed as a potential treatment given its role in regenerating oral mucosal tissue. There is conflicting evidence that B12 deficiency causes RAS. Five of the seven randomized controlled trials reviewed used the inactive form of B12 (cyanocobalamin) as intervention, while the other two used the active form (methylcobalamin). Of the latter two, buccal discs (500 μg B12) showed significant improvement and reduced perceived pain in 77% of the subjects, and submucosal injections showed a significant difference in pain, starting from the second day. Moreover, three studies administered vitamin B12 sublingually with different dosages, which revealed that the higher dose (1000 μg) achieved a significant reduction in outbreaks, number, and duration of ulcers, especially after six months. Multivitamins showed no difference in new RAS episodes and duration. Injectable B12 was compared with the oral form, and nearly 50% of the injection group reported a desired response by the eighth week. An ointment form (500 μg) showed a significant reduction in pain levels after two days of treatment. Based on the available literature, we suggest that a daily dose of 1000 μg of vitamin B12 sublingually for six months can be used to treat RAS. Nevertheless, this conclusion should be considered tentative due to the lack of high quality, large scale studies.
{"title":"Role of vitamin B12 in treating recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A review.","authors":"Rim Taleb, Bassel Hafez, Nadim El Kassir, Hani El Achkar, Mohamad Mourad","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> Vitamin B12, a water-soluble vitamin, plays a vital role in the formation of hematopoietic stem cells and has been associated with oral mucosal diseases, mainly recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The latter is a debilitating condition, and B12 was proposed as a potential treatment given its role in regenerating oral mucosal tissue. There is conflicting evidence that B12 deficiency causes RAS. Five of the seven randomized controlled trials reviewed used the inactive form of B12 (cyanocobalamin) as intervention, while the other two used the active form (methylcobalamin). Of the latter two, buccal discs (500 μg B12) showed significant improvement and reduced perceived pain in 77% of the subjects, and submucosal injections showed a significant difference in pain, starting from the second day. Moreover, three studies administered vitamin B12 sublingually with different dosages, which revealed that the higher dose (1000 μg) achieved a significant reduction in outbreaks, number, and duration of ulcers, especially after six months. Multivitamins showed no difference in new RAS episodes and duration. Injectable B12 was compared with the oral form, and nearly 50% of the injection group reported a desired response by the eighth week. An ointment form (500 μg) showed a significant reduction in pain levels after two days of treatment. Based on the available literature, we suggest that a daily dose of 1000 μg of vitamin B12 sublingually for six months can be used to treat RAS. Nevertheless, this conclusion should be considered tentative due to the lack of high quality, large scale studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":"92 5-6","pages":"423-430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38529516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2020-11-04DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000685
Hossein Shahinfar, Farhang Djafari, Nadia Babaei, Samira Davarzani, Mojdeh Ebaditabar, Cain C T Clark, Kurosh Djafarian, Hossein Imani, Sakineh Shab-Bidar
Background: The association between dietary patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is not well established. Objective: We sought to investigate association between a posteriori dietary pattern and CRF in middle-aged adults. Design: Adults (n = 276), aged 20-74 years, who were residents of Tehran, Iran were recruited. Diet was assessed by using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. Socio-economic status, anthropometric measures, body composition, and blood pressure were recorded. CRF was assessed by using a graded exercise treadmill test. Analysis of variance and linear regression models were used to discern the association between dietary patterns and CRF. Results: Higher scores of the healthy dietary pattern had no association with VO2max (p = 0.13). After controlling for potential confounders, VO2max was positively associated across tertiles of healthy dietary patterns (p < 0.001). Higher adherence to the "mixed" dietary pattern was inversely related to VO2max (p < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, the significant association disappeared (p = 0.14). Higher scores of the "Western" dietary pattern was not associated with VO2max (p = 0.06). However, after controlling for potential confounders, VO2max was positively associated with the "Western" dietary pattern (p = 0.01). A positive linear association between the "healthy" dietary pattern and CRF for the total sample (R2 = 0.02; p < 0.01) were presented. Conclusions: Overall, our findings suggest that higher adherence to a "healthy" and "Western" dietary pattern was positively associated with CRF. However, further studies are required to examine and clarify the causal relationship between dietary patterns and CRF.
{"title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness is positively associated with both healthy and western dietary pattern in Iranian middle-aged.","authors":"Hossein Shahinfar, Farhang Djafari, Nadia Babaei, Samira Davarzani, Mojdeh Ebaditabar, Cain C T Clark, Kurosh Djafarian, Hossein Imani, Sakineh Shab-Bidar","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background</i>: The association between dietary patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is not well established. <i>Objective</i>: We sought to investigate association between a posteriori dietary pattern and CRF in middle-aged adults. <i>Design</i>: Adults (n = 276), aged 20-74 years, who were residents of Tehran, Iran were recruited. Diet was assessed by using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. Socio-economic status, anthropometric measures, body composition, and blood pressure were recorded. CRF was assessed by using a graded exercise treadmill test. Analysis of variance and linear regression models were used to discern the association between dietary patterns and CRF. <i>Results</i>: Higher scores of the healthy dietary pattern had no association with VO<sub>2max</sub> (p = 0.13<i>).</i> After controlling for potential confounders, VO<sub>2max</sub> was positively associated across tertiles of healthy dietary patterns (p < 0.001). Higher adherence to the \"mixed\" dietary pattern was inversely related to VO<sub>2max</sub> (p < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, the significant association disappeared (p = 0.14). Higher scores of the \"Western\" dietary pattern was not associated with VO<sub>2max</sub> (p = 0.06). However, after controlling for potential confounders, VO<sub>2max</sub> was positively associated with the \"Western\" dietary pattern (p = 0.01). A positive linear association between the \"healthy\" dietary pattern and CRF for the total sample (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.02; p < 0.01) were presented. <i>Conclusions</i>: Overall, our findings suggest that higher adherence to a \"healthy\" and \"Western\" dietary pattern was positively associated with CRF. However, further studies are required to examine and clarify the causal relationship between dietary patterns and CRF.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":"92 5-6","pages":"366-375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38562651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2020-07-20DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000665
Uzma Latief, Riaz Ahmad
β-Carotene exhibits antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities via a multitude of biochemical mechanisms. However, the action mechanism involved in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of this carotene in chronic liver diseases is not fully understood. In the present investigation, we have attempted to outline a plausible mechanism of β-carotene action against liver fibrosis in albino Wistar rats. To induce hepatic fibrosis, diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was administered in experimental rats for two weeks. DEN treated rats were divided into four groups, wherein each group comprised of five rats. β-Carotene supplement attenuated DEN-induced elevation in LFT markers (P < 0.05); averted depletion of glycogen (24%, P < 0.05) and, increased nitrite (P < 0.05), hydroxyproline (~67%, P < 0.05) and collagen levels (~65%, P < 0.05). Confocal microscopy of tissue sections stained with picrosirius red revealed accrued collagen in DEN-administered group, which was found to be reduced by β-carotene supplementation. Furthermore, β-carotene decreased the expression of iNOS/NOS-2 and NF-κB, as revealed by immunohistochemistry and Western immunoblotting. Collectively, these results demonstrate that β-carotene mitigates experimental liver fibrosis via inhibition of iNOS and NF-κB in-vivo. Thus, β-carotene may be suggested as a possible nutraceutical to curb experimental liver fibrosis.
{"title":"β-Carotene inhibits NF-κB and restrains diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic inflammation in Wistar rats.","authors":"Uzma Latief, Riaz Ahmad","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> β-Carotene exhibits antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities <i>via</i> a multitude of biochemical mechanisms. However, the action mechanism involved in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of this carotene in chronic liver diseases is not fully understood. In the present investigation, we have attempted to outline a plausible mechanism of β-carotene action against liver fibrosis in albino Wistar rats. To induce hepatic fibrosis, diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was administered in experimental rats for two weeks. DEN treated rats were divided into four groups, wherein each group comprised of five rats. β-Carotene supplement attenuated DEN-induced elevation in LFT markers (P < 0.05); averted depletion of glycogen (24%, P < 0.05) and, increased nitrite (P < 0.05), hydroxyproline (~67%, P < 0.05) and collagen levels (~65%, P < 0.05). Confocal microscopy of tissue sections stained with picrosirius red revealed accrued collagen in DEN-administered group, which was found to be reduced by β-carotene supplementation. Furthermore, β-carotene decreased the expression of iNOS/NOS-2 and NF-κB, as revealed by immunohistochemistry and Western immunoblotting. Collectively, these results demonstrate that β-carotene mitigates experimental liver fibrosis <i>via</i> inhibition of iNOS and NF-κB <i>in-vivo</i>. Thus, β-carotene may be suggested as a possible nutraceutical to curb experimental liver fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":"92 5-6","pages":"301-310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38179014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In the present meta-analysis, we aimed to summarize the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), general and central obesity indices and lipid profile in adult population. Methods: The electronic databases of Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane library were searched for relevant studies from inception to October 2019. The effect size was indicated as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) by using random effects model. The I2 index and Cochran's Q-test were used for evaluating heterogeneity. Results: From 2,469 studies identified, thirty-four studies (nineteen cross-sectional studies, thirteen cohort studies, two case-control studies) were included in the meta-analysis. According to our results, higher categories of TAC were associated with significantly lower serum triglyceride concentartions (TG; WMD: -7.58; CI: -11.42, -3.75; P < 0.001) and waist circumference (WC; WMD: -1.17; 95% CI: -1.47, -0.87; P < 0.001); while no significant change in body mass index (BMI; WMD: -0.17; 95% CI: -0.35, 0.01; P = 0.12), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; WMD: 0.61; 95% CI: -0.16, 1.40; P = 0.12), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; WMD: 1.34; 95% CI: -0.61, 3.30; P = 0.17) and total cholesterol (TC; WMD: 1.19; 95% CI: -1.46, 3.855; P = 0.37) was reported. Conclusion: Higher dietary TAC was related to reduced prevalence of central obesity, reduced WC and TG concentrations in the current meta-analysis. Moreover, subgroup analysis showed that TAC measurement index, geographical area, dietary assessment tool, health status and gender were potential sources of heterogeneity.
背景:在本荟萃分析中,我们旨在总结成人膳食总抗氧化能力(TAC),一般和中心肥胖指数和血脂之间的关系。方法:检索Web of Sciences、PubMed、Scopus和Cochrane图书馆自成立至2019年10月的相关研究。效应量用加权平均差(WMD)和95%置信区间(CI)表示,采用随机效应模型。采用I2指数和Cochran’s q检验评价异质性。结果:在2469项研究中,34项研究(19项横断面研究,13项队列研究,2项病例对照研究)被纳入meta分析。根据我们的结果,较高类别的TAC与显著降低的血清甘油三酯浓度(TG;大规模杀伤性武器:-7.58;Ci: -11.42, -3.75;结论:在当前的荟萃分析中,较高的饮食TAC与降低中心性肥胖患病率、降低WC和TG浓度有关。亚组分析显示,TAC测量指数、地理区域、饮食评估工具、健康状况和性别是潜在的异质性来源。
{"title":"Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), general and central obesity indices and serum lipids among adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi, Mahdi Vajdi, Pourya Fathollahi","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background</i>: In the present meta-analysis, we aimed to summarize the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), general and central obesity indices and lipid profile in adult population. <i>Methods</i>: The electronic databases of Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane library were searched for relevant studies from inception to October 2019. The effect size was indicated as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) by using random effects model. The I<sup>2</sup> index and Cochran's Q-test were used for evaluating heterogeneity. <i>Results</i>: From 2,469 studies identified, thirty-four studies (nineteen cross-sectional studies, thirteen cohort studies, two case-control studies) were included in the meta-analysis. According to our results, higher categories of TAC were associated with significantly lower serum triglyceride concentartions (TG; WMD: -7.58; CI: -11.42, -3.75; P < 0.001) and waist circumference (WC; WMD: -1.17; 95% CI: -1.47, -0.87; P < 0.001); while no significant change in body mass index (BMI; WMD: -0.17; 95% CI: -0.35, 0.01; P = 0.12), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; WMD: 0.61; 95% CI: -0.16, 1.40; P = 0.12), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; WMD: 1.34; 95% CI: -0.61, 3.30; P = 0.17) and total cholesterol (TC; WMD: 1.19; 95% CI: -1.46, 3.855; P = 0.37) was reported. <i>Conclusion</i>: Higher dietary TAC was related to reduced prevalence of central obesity, reduced WC and TG concentrations in the current meta-analysis. Moreover, subgroup analysis showed that TAC measurement index, geographical area, dietary assessment tool, health status and gender were potential sources of heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":"92 5-6","pages":"406-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38258646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}