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A beneficial cardiometabolic health profile associated with dietary supplement use: A cross-sectional study. 与膳食补充剂使用相关的有益心脏代谢健康概况:一项横断面研究
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000701
Paul F Jacques, Gail Rogers

As a follow-up to an earlier study demonstrating healthier cardiometabolic profiles among long-term multiple dietary supplement (LTMDS) users, we examined if cardiometabolic health benefits associated with LTMDS use persisted with aging. The study is based on LTMDS users from North America and 2007-2010 NHANES participants who were used for comparison to the LTMDS users. NHANES subjects were classified as non-dietary supplement (NS) users, single supplement/single purpose supplement (SS) users, multivitamin/mineral supplement (MVMS) users, and multiple dietary supplement (MDS) users. Supplement groups were compared for total, HDL and LDL cholesterol; triglycerides; glucose; insulin; CRP and HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, adjusting for age, sex, income, education, BMI, history of CVD, and medications for hypercholesterolemia and diabetes. Geometric mean (95% confidence interval) LDL cholesterol was significantly lower (P < 0.05) for all supplement groups (SS: 110 (104-117) mg/dL; MVMS: 113 (107-119) mg/dL; MDS: 115 (111-118) mg/dL; LTMDS: 112 (105, 119) mg/dL) compared with the NS users (122 (118-126) mg/dL). Compared with the NS group, MDS users had significantly (P < 0.05) lower mean total cholesterol (198 (194-201) vs 201 (197, 206) mg/dL), MDS and LTMDS users higher mean HDL cholesterol (54.2 (53.3-55.1) and 60.0 (57.4, 62.7) mg/dL vs 52.0 (50.8-53.3) mg/dL), LTMDS users lower fasting glucose (100 (98-103) vs 105 (103-106) mg/dL), SS and MDS users lower insulin (8.4 (7.4-9.6) and 9.1 (8.3-9.9) vs 10.2 (9.4-11.1) μIU/mL), and MDS users lower CRP (% ≥ 1.5 mg/L, 50.8 (47.9-53.6) vs 57.0 (52.4-61.6) %). These findings add to the evidence that use of dietary supplements may provide cardiometabolic health benefits.

作为一项早期研究的后续研究,长期服用多种膳食补充剂(LTMDS)的人心脏代谢状况更健康,我们研究了使用LTMDS相关的心脏代谢健康益处是否随着年龄的增长而持续。该研究基于北美的LTMDS用户和2007-2010年NHANES参与者,他们被用来与LTMDS用户进行比较。NHANES受试者分为非膳食补充剂(NS)使用者、单一补充剂/单一用途补充剂(SS)使用者、多种维生素/矿物质补充剂(MVMS)使用者和多种膳食补充剂(MDS)使用者。比较补充组的总胆固醇、HDL和LDL;甘油三酸酯;葡萄糖;胰岛素;CRP和HbA1c≥6.5%,根据年龄、性别、收入、教育程度、BMI、心血管疾病史、高胆固醇血症和糖尿病药物进行调整。几何平均(95%置信区间)LDL胆固醇显著降低(P
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引用次数: 0
Green tea and green tea extract in oncological treatment: A systematic review. 绿茶和绿茶提取物在肿瘤治疗中的作用:系统综述。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000698
Fanny Wiese, Sabine Kutschan, Jennifer Doerfler, Viktoria Mathies, Jens Buentzel, Judith Buentzel, Jutta Huebner

Purpose: Teas are an essential part of traditional phytotherapy. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the clinical evidence using green tea catechins in cancer care. Methods: A systematic search was conducted searching five electronic databases concerning the effectiveness and risks of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on cancer patients. Results: Seven studies with 371 patients were included. Patients were mainly suffering from breast and prostate cancer. Dosing ranged from 28 mg to 1600 mg EGCG, intervention time from 7 days to 6 months with different applications (topical 2 studies; oral 5 studies). The studies showed heterogeneous methodological quality and results leading not to conduct a meta-analysis. There was a small decrease in prostate-specific-antigen levels in one study (N=60; T0:(mean±SD) 9.6±5.2 ng/ml, T1: 8.4±4.3 ng/ml vs. T0: 9.9±8.5 ng/ml, T1: 10.0±9.0 ng/ml; p=0.04), whereas in a second study only a trend was seen. Topical green tea was as effective as metronidazole powder in reducing the odor of fungating malignant wounds (1 study; N=30) with a consequent increase in quality of life (QoL) (p<0.001), improvement of appetite (p<0.001), malodorous control (p<0.001), social activities (p<0.001). Radiotherapy-induced diarrhea was lower in the green tea intervention group compared to placebo (1 study; N=42; week 4+5: without diarrhea p=0.002). Conclusions: The studies suggest that EGCG is as effective as a local antibiotic in malodorous control and improvement of QoL of fungating malignant wounds. Green tea could be a possible complementary method for treating acute radiation-induced diarrhea. Due to limitations, further studies with higher methodological quality and larger sample sizes are needed.

目的:茶是传统植物疗法的重要组成部分。本系统综述的目的是评估使用绿茶儿茶素治疗癌症的临床证据。方法:系统检索5个关于表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)对肿瘤患者的疗效和风险的电子数据库。结果:纳入7项研究,共371例患者。患者主要患有乳腺癌和前列腺癌。剂量范围从28mg到1600mg EGCG,干预时间从7天到6个月,不同的应用(局部2项研究;口头研究)。这些研究显示不同的方法学质量和结果导致没有进行荟萃分析。在一项研究中,前列腺特异性抗原水平有小幅下降(N=60;T0:(平均数±标准差)9.6±5.2 ng / ml, T1: 8.4±4.3 ng / ml与T0: 9.9±8.5 ng / ml, T1: 10.0±9.0 ng / ml;P =0.04),而在第二项研究中只看到了一种趋势。外用绿茶与甲硝唑粉在减少真菌性恶性伤口气味方面的效果相同(1项研究;结论:EGCG与局部抗生素一样可有效控制真菌性恶性伤口的恶臭,改善其生活质量(QoL)。绿茶可能是治疗急性放射性腹泻的一种可能的补充方法。由于局限性,需要进一步研究更高的方法学质量和更大的样本量。
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引用次数: 3
The effect of gum consumption on blood pressure as a risk factor for coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis of controlled trials. 作为冠心病的危险因素,口香糖对血压的影响:一项对照试验的荟萃分析。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000696
Baowei Shao, Haijie Li, Pengfei Zhang, Xilong Teng, Honglu Wang, Thais Verdi, Latha T Bhat, Fengquan Zhang

Guar gum has been used in the management of hypercholesterolemia, constipation, weight loss, type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Our aim was to verify the hypothesis that Guar gum can be used as an alternative to pharmacological agents in the treatment of mild hypertension. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of Guar gum in reducing blood pressure. We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar databases for studies published in the English language up to June 2020 which evaluated the effects of gum consumption on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Nine randomized clinical trials with suitable comparison groups (placebo/control) reported SBP and DBP as outcome measures. These trials involved in total 640 participants. The overall results indicated that the consumption of gum resulted in a significant change in SBP (WMD: -1.190 mmHg, 95% CI: -2.011, -0.370) and DBP (WMD: -1.101 mmHg, 95% CI: -1.597, -0.605). Moreover, the greatest reduction in blood pressure was seen in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome who consumed Guar gum (WMD: -3.375 mmHg). In addition, there was a significant decrease in SBP if the gum dosage was > 15 g (WMD: -6.637 mmHg) and if the intervention duration was > 12 weeks (WMD: -1.668 mmHg). The results of the present dose-response meta-analysis support the employment of gum consumption in the reduction of SBP and DBP. Based on the sub-group analyses, we highlight that the greatest decrease in SBP was experienced if the gum dosage was > 15 g and when the intervention lasted > 12 weeks.

瓜尔胶已被用于治疗高胆固醇血症、便秘、减肥、2型糖尿病和高血压。我们的目的是验证瓜尔胶可以作为替代药物治疗轻度高血压的假设。因此,我们进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析,以评估瓜尔胶在降低血压方面的有效性。我们检索了Cochrane图书馆、PubMed/Medline、Scopus和Google Scholar数据库,检索了截至2020年6月以英语发表的研究,这些研究评估了口香糖摄入对收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)的影响。九项随机临床试验采用合适的对照组(安慰剂/对照组)报告收缩压和舒张压作为结果测量。这些试验共涉及640名参与者。总体结果表明,口香糖的摄入导致舒张压(WMD: -1.190 mmHg, 95% CI: -2.011, -0.370)和舒张压(WMD: -1.101 mmHg, 95% CI: -1.597, -0.605)的显著变化。此外,食用瓜尔胶的2型糖尿病和代谢综合征患者血压下降幅度最大(WMD: -3.375 mmHg)。此外,当口香糖剂量> 15 g (WMD: -6.637 mmHg)和干预时间> 12周(WMD: -1.668 mmHg)时,收缩压显著降低。本剂量-反应荟萃分析的结果支持口香糖消费在降低收缩压和舒张压中的作用。根据亚组分析,我们强调,当口香糖剂量> 15 g且干预持续> 12周时,收缩压下降幅度最大。
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引用次数: 0
Inflammatory diets are associated with lower total iron binding capacity in sera of young adults. 炎症性饮食与年轻人血清中总铁结合能力降低有关。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000697
Jeanne L Doherty, Doreen Y Larvie, Nitin Shivappa, James R Hebert, Seth M Armah

Chronic, systemic inflammation, which is associated with obesity and numerous other diseases, impairs iron status by increasing hepcidin concentration. Inflammation also decreases the concentration of transferrin, the main iron transport protein and a negative acute phase protein, which is indirectly assessed by measuring total iron binding capacity (TIBC). However, the contribution of diet-induced inflammation has not been studied. Data from two studies, namely Diet and Inflammation and Selenium and Inflammation Studies (total n=98) were used to assess the associations among Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) scores derived from three-day dietary records, body mass index (BMI=weight[kg]/height[m]2), inflammatory and hematological markers among young adults with normal-weight, overweight or obesity. Subjects' diets were also categorized as less inflammatory diets (LID) and inflammatory diets (ID) using cluster analysis. Independent t-test and regression analyses were used to assess associations in the data. Intakes of iron, proteins, fat, fiber, and calories were higher in the LID group compared to the ID group (p<0.05). Demographic characteristics and concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and iron status biomarkers did not differ significantly between the two groups (p>0.05). Higher DII score was associated with increasing CRP (β+SE=0.23+0.07, p=0.002) and lower TIBC (β+SE=-8.46+3.44, p=0.02), independent of BMI category. The LID diet was associated with higher TIBC (β+SE=29.87+10.75, p=0.007) compared to the ID diet. In conclusion, inflammatory diets may impair iron status by reducing the iron binding capacity of transferrin.

慢性全身性炎症,与肥胖和许多其他疾病相关,通过增加hepcidin浓度损害铁状态。炎症还会降低转铁蛋白(主要的铁转运蛋白和负急性期蛋白)的浓度,这是通过测量总铁结合能力(TIBC)间接评估的。然而,饮食引起的炎症的作用尚未得到研究。来自两项研究的数据,即饮食与炎症和硒与炎症研究(总n=98),用于评估正常体重、超重或肥胖的年轻成年人的饮食炎症指数(DII®)评分、体重指数(BMI=体重[kg]/身高[m]2)、炎症和血液标志物之间的关系。使用聚类分析,受试者的饮食也被分类为低炎症饮食(LID)和炎症饮食(ID)。采用独立t检验和回归分析来评估数据中的相关性。与ID组相比,LID组的铁、蛋白质、脂肪、纤维和卡路里摄入量更高(p0.05)。较高的DII评分与CRP升高(β+SE=0.23+0.07, p=0.002)和TIBC降低(β+SE=-8.46+3.44, p=0.02)相关,与BMI类别无关。与ID日粮相比,LID日粮的TIBC较高(β+SE=29.87+10.75, p=0.007)。总之,炎症性饮食可能通过降低转铁蛋白的铁结合能力而损害铁状态。
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引用次数: 1
Validating dietary assessment tools with energy expenditure measurement methods: Is this accurate? 用能量消耗测量方法验证饮食评估工具:这是否准确?
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000744
Jalal Hejazi

Having an accurate dietary assessment tool is a necessity for most nutritional studies. As a result, many validation studies have been carried out to assess the validity of commonly used dietary assessment tools. Since based on the energy balance equation, among individuals with a stable weight, Energy Intake (EI) is equal to Energy Expenditure (EE) and there are precise methods for measurement of EE (e.g. doubly labeled water method), numerous studies have used this technique for validating dietary assessment tools. If there was a discrepancy between measured EI and EE, the researchers have concluded that self-reported dietary assessment tools are not valid or participants misreport their dietary intakes. However, the calculation of EI with common dietary assessment tools such as food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), 24-hour dietary recalls, or weighed food records, is based on fixed factors that were introduced by Atwater and the accuracy of these factors are under question. Moreover, the amount of energy absorption, and utilization from a diet, depends on various factors and there are considerable interindividual differences in this regard, for example in gut microbiota composition. As a result, the EI which is calculated using dietary assessment tools is likely not representative of real metabolizable energy which is equal to EE in individuals with stable weight, thus validating dietary assessment tools with EE measurement methods may not be accurate. We aim to address this issue briefly and propose a feasible elucidation, albeit not a complete solution.

有一个准确的饮食评估工具是大多数营养研究的必要条件。因此,进行了许多验证研究来评估常用的饮食评估工具的有效性。由于基于能量平衡方程,在体重稳定的个体中,能量摄入(EI)等于能量消耗(EE),并且有精确的测量EE的方法(例如双标记水法),因此许多研究使用该技术来验证饮食评估工具。如果测量的EI和EE之间存在差异,研究人员得出结论,自我报告的饮食评估工具是无效的,或者参与者错误地报告了他们的饮食摄入量。然而,使用常见的饮食评估工具(如食物频率问卷(FFQs)、24小时饮食召回或称重食物记录)计算EI是基于阿特沃特引入的固定因素,这些因素的准确性受到质疑。此外,从饮食中吸收和利用能量的数量取决于各种因素,并且在这方面存在相当大的个体间差异,例如肠道微生物群组成。因此,使用饮食评估工具计算的EI可能不能代表体重稳定的个体的真实代谢能,代谢能等于EE,因此用EE测量方法验证饮食评估工具可能不准确。我们的目标是简要地解决这个问题,并提出一个可行的解释,尽管不是一个完整的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
A transgenic reporter mouse model for in vivo assessment of retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activation. 一种用于体内评估维甲酸受体转录激活的转基因报告小鼠模型。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000705
Harald Carlsen, Kanae Ebihara, Nobuyo H Kuwata, Kazuhisa Kuwata, Gamze Aydemir, Ralph Rühl, Rune Blomhoff

Background: Vitamin A is essential for a wide range of life processes throughout embryogenesis to adult life. With the aim of developing an in vivo model to monitor retinoic acid receptor (RAR) transactivation real-time in intact animals, we generated transgenic mice carrying a luciferase (luc) reporter gene under the control of retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) consisting of three copies of a direct repeat with five spacing nucleotides (DR5). Methods: Transgenic mice carrying a RARE dependent luciferase reporter flanked with insulator sequence were generated by pronuclear injection. RARE dependent luciferase activity was detected by in vivo imaging or in tissue extracts following manipulations with RAR/retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists, RAR antagonists or in vitamin A deficient mice. Results: We found a strong induction of luciferase activity in a time and dose dependent manner by retinoic acid as well as RAR agonists, but not by the RXR agonist (using n=4-6 per group; 94 mice). In addition, luciferase activity was strongly reduced in vitamin A-deficient mice (n=6-9; 30 mice). These observations confirm that luciferase activity was controlled by RAR activation in the RARE-luc mouse. Luciferase activity was detectable in various organs, with high activity especially in brain and testis, indicating strong retinoid signalling in these tissues. Conclusion: The RARE-luc transgenic mice, which enabled real-time in vivo assessment of RAR activation, will be useful in understanding the normal physiology of vitamin A, the role of retinoid signalling in pathologies as well as to evaluate pharmacological ligands for RARs.

背景:从胚胎发育到成年,维生素A在许多生命过程中都是必不可少的。为了在完整动物体内建立实时监测视黄酸受体(RAR)转激活的体内模型,我们在视黄酸反应元件(RAREs)的控制下,培养了携带荧光素酶(luc)报告基因的转基因小鼠,RAREs由3个具有5个核苷酸间隔的直接重复序列(DR5)组成。方法:采用原核注射方法,制备了携带RARE依赖荧光素酶报告子序列的转基因小鼠。通过体内成像或RAR/类视黄醇X受体(RXR)激动剂、RAR拮抗剂或维生素A缺乏小鼠的组织提取物中检测罕见依赖的荧光素酶活性。结果:我们发现维甲酸和RAR激动剂对荧光素酶活性有较强的诱导作用,且呈时间和剂量依赖性,但RXR激动剂对荧光素酶活性没有诱导作用(每组n=4-6;94只老鼠)。此外,维生素a缺乏小鼠荧光素酶活性显著降低(n=6-9;30老鼠)。这些观察结果证实,在RARE-luc小鼠中,荧光素酶活性是由RAR激活控制的。荧光素酶活性可在各种器官中检测到,特别是在大脑和睾丸中具有高活性,表明这些组织中存在强烈的类视黄醛信号。结论:RARE-luc转基因小鼠能够实时评估RAR的体内激活,这将有助于了解维生素A的正常生理,类视黄醛信号在病理中的作用以及评估RAR的药理学配体。
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引用次数: 1
Importance of rational use of vitamin C in G6PD deficiency patients. G6PD缺乏症患者合理使用维生素C的重要性。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000747
Shuxie Wu, Gao Wu, Hanbin Wu
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引用次数: 0
Selected root plant supplementation reduces indices of exercise-induced muscle damage: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 选择性补充根茎植物可降低运动引起的肌肉损伤指标:一项系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000689
Kenji Doma, Baily Devantier-Thomas, Daniel Gahreman, Jonathan Connor

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of selected root plants (curcumin, ginseng, ginger and garlic) on markers of muscle damage and muscular performance measures following muscle-damaging protocols. We included 25 studies (parallel and crossover design) with 353 participants and used the PEDro scale to appraise each study. Forest plots were generated to report on standardised mean differences (SMD) and p-values at 24 and 48 hours following the muscle-damaging protocols. The meta-analysis showed that the supplemental (SUPP) condition showed significantly lower levels of indirect muscle damage markers (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and myoglobin) and muscle soreness at 24 hours and 48 hours (p < 0.01) than the placebo (PLA) condition. The inflammatory markers were significantly lower for the SUPP condition than the PLA condition at 24 hours (p = 0.02), although no differences were identified at 48 hours (p = 0.40). There were no significant differences in muscular performance measures between the SUPP and PLA conditions at 24 hours and 48 hours (p > 0.05) post-exercise. According to our qualitative data, a number of studies reported a reduction in oxidative stress (e.g., malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase) with a concomitant upregulation of anti-oxidant status, although other studies showed no effects. Accordingly, selected root plants minimised the level of several biomarkers of muscle damage, inflammation and muscle soreness during periods of exercise-induced muscle damage. However, the benefits of these supplements in ameliorating oxidative stress, increasing anti-oxidant status and accelerating recovery of muscular performance appears equivocal, warranting further research in these outcome measures.

这项系统综述和荟萃分析研究了选定的根茎植物(姜黄素、人参、生姜和大蒜)对肌肉损伤标志物的影响,以及肌肉损伤方案后的肌肉表现指标。我们纳入了25项研究(平行和交叉设计),共有353名参与者,并使用PEDro量表对每项研究进行评估。生成森林图,以报告肌肉损伤方案后24和48小时的标准化平均差异(SMD)和p值。meta分析显示,在运动后24小时和48小时,补充(SUPP)条件显著降低了间接肌肉损伤标志物(肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶和肌红蛋白)和肌肉酸痛水平(p 0.05)。根据我们的定性数据,许多研究报告了氧化应激(例如,丙二醛,超氧化物歧化酶)的减少,并伴有抗氧化状态的上调,尽管其他研究显示没有影响。因此,在运动引起的肌肉损伤期间,选定的根茎植物将几种肌肉损伤、炎症和肌肉酸痛的生物标志物的水平降至最低。然而,这些补充剂在改善氧化应激,增加抗氧化状态和加速肌肉性能恢复方面的益处似乎是模棱两可的,需要对这些结果进行进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 4
Factors affecting the fate of β-carotene in the human gastrointestinal tract: A narrative review. 影响人类胃肠道中β-胡萝卜素命运的因素:综述。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2020-08-12 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000674
Vaibhav Kumar Maurya, Jagmeet Singh, Vijay Ranjan, Kodiveri Muthukaliannan Gothandam, Torsten Bohn, Sunil Pareek

Carotenoids and their metabolites play crucial roles in human health such as in immunity, cell differentiation, embryonic development, maintenance of plasma membrane integrity, and gastrointestinal functions, in addition to counteracting night blindness and other eye-related diseases. However, carotenoid bioavailability is highly variable and often low. The bioavailability of β-carotene, among the most frequently consumed carotenoid from the diet, is determined by food matrix related factors such as carotenoid dose, its location in food the matrix, the physical state in food, the presence of other food compounds in the matrix such as dietary fiber, dietary lipids, other micronutrients present such as minerals, and food processing, influencing also the size of food particles, and the presence of absorption inhibitors (fat replacers and anti-obesity drugs) or enhancers (nano-/micro-formulations). However, also host-related factors such as physiochemical interactions by gastrointestinal secretions (enzyme and salts) and other host-related factors such as surgery, age, disease, obesity, and genetic variations have shown to play a role. This review contributes to the knowledge regarding factors affecting the bioavailability of β-carotene (food and host-relegated), as well as highlights in vitro models employed to evaluate β-carotene bioavailability aspects.

类胡萝卜素及其代谢物在人体健康中发挥着至关重要的作用,如免疫、细胞分化、胚胎发育、维持质膜完整性和胃肠道功能,此外还能对抗夜盲症和其他眼部相关疾病。然而,类胡萝卜素的生物利用度变化很大,往往很低。作为饮食中最常消耗的类胡萝卜素之一,β-胡萝卜素的生物利用度取决于与食物基质有关的因素,如类胡萝卜素剂量、其在食物基质中的位置、食物中的物理状态、基质中其他食物化合物(如膳食纤维、膳食脂类)的存在、矿物质等其他微量营养素的存在以及食物加工,这些因素也会影响食物颗粒的大小。以及吸收抑制剂(脂肪替代品和抗肥胖药物)或增强剂(纳米/微制剂)的存在。然而,与宿主相关的因素,如胃肠道分泌物(酶和盐)的理化相互作用,以及其他与宿主相关的因素,如手术、年龄、疾病、肥胖和遗传变异,也发挥了作用。这篇综述有助于了解影响β-胡萝卜素生物利用度的因素(食物和宿主),以及用于评估β-胡萝卜素生物利用度方面的体外模型。
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引用次数: 12
Dietary patterns according to vitamin supplement use. A cross-sectional study in Switzerland. 根据维生素补充剂使用的饮食模式。瑞士的一项横断面研究。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2020-09-04 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000679
Pollyanna Patriota, Idris Guessous, Pedro Marques-Vidal

Background: consumers of dietary supplements (DS) or vitamin-mineral supplements (VMS) have a better health profile than nonconsumers; whether this also applies to healthier dietary patterns has seldom been assessed. We aimed to assess the dietary intake of subjects according to their consumption of DS or VMS. Methods: Cross-sectional, population-based studies conducted in 2009-2012 (3773 participants, 52.4% women, 57.0 ± 10.0 years) and 2014-2017 (2536 participants, 52.4% women, 60.0 ± 10 years) in Lausanne, Switzerland. Dietary intake was assessed via a 97-item food frequency questionnaire. Nutrients, consumption of specific food groups, dietary scores, and compliance with the Swiss nutritional guidelines were compared between VMS/DS consumers and nonconsumers. Results: In 2009-2012, after multivariable adjustment for gender, age, body mass index, education, smoking, country of birth, sedentariness, diet and total energy intake, VMS/DS consumers had a higher score for the "Fruits & vegetables"(-0.09 ± 0.02 vs. 0.15 ± 0.05) dietary pattern and a lower score for the "Fatty & sugary" dietary pattern (0.02 ± 0.02 vs. -0.14 ± 0.04) and had a lower likelihood to comply with the guideline on total fat [odds ratio and 95 %CI: 0.72 (0.57-0.89)] than nonconsumers. In 2014-2017, after multivariable adjustment, no differences (at p < 0.005) were found between VMS/DS consumers and nonconsumers. Conclusion: VMS/DS consumers tend to have healthier dietary choices than nonconsumers. The beneficial effect of VMS and/or DS consumption is decreased, as it does not target subjects who really need them.

背景:膳食补充剂(DS)或维生素矿物质补充剂(VMS)的消费者比非消费者有更好的健康状况;这是否也适用于更健康的饮食模式很少被评估。我们的目的是评估受试者的膳食摄入量根据他们的消费DS或VMS。方法:2009-2012年在瑞士洛桑进行的横断面、基于人群的研究(3773名参与者,52.4%女性,57.0±10.0岁)和2014-2017年(2536名参与者,52.4%女性,60.0±10岁)。通过一份包含97个项目的食物频率问卷来评估饮食摄入量。在VMS/DS消费者和非消费者之间比较了营养素、特定食物组的消费、饮食评分和对瑞士营养指南的遵守情况。结果:在2009 - 2012年,在多变量调整性别、年龄、体重指数、教育、吸烟、出生地、久坐,饮食和总能量的摄入,vm / DS消费者有更高的分数“水果和蔬菜”(-0.09±0.02和0.15±0.05)饮食模式和一个较低的分数“脂肪和含糖饮食模式(0.02±0.02和-0.14±0.04),降低脂肪总量可能遵守指导方针(优势比,95%置信区间CI:0.72(0.57-0.89)]。2014-2017年,经多变量调整,无差异(p)。结论:VMS/DS消费者比非消费者有更健康的饮食选择。VMS和/或DS消耗的有益效果下降,因为它不是针对真正需要它们的受试者。
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International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research
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