Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-02-09DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000780
Ari Voutilainen, Jyrki K Virtanen, Sari Hantunen, Tarja Nurmi, Petra Kokko, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
Results regarding the epidemiological association of vitamin D with lung (LCA) and prostate cancer (PCA) are controversial. This study tested whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations have interactive epidemiological associations with smoking, the number-one risk factor for LCA, and age, the number-one risk factor for PCA. Also, this study investigated whether the associations of 25(OH)D, smoking, age, alcohol consumption, body mass index, diet (the healthy Nordic diet score), and physical activity with incident LCA and PCA are multiplicative or additive. The study of association types makes it easier to select appropriate statistical methods. The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study provided the data of 2578 men with 112 LCA and 300 PCA cases over 35 years by the end of 2019. Serum 25(OH)D did not associate with LCA and PCA or interact with smoking and age. The association of smoking with LCA was additive; 13 extra cases per 1000 men every 10 years. Age and alcohol consumption multiplicatively increased the hazard of LCA (hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval for age >50: 3.56, 1.82-6.17; drink per week: 1.01, 1.00-1.03), whereas adherence to healthy Nordic diet decreased it (per score point: 0.95, 0.89-1.00). The association of age >50 with PCA was additive; 2.5 extra cases per 1000 men every 10 years. To conclude, there was no epidemiological relationship of pre-diagnostic 25(OH)D concentrations with the incidence of LCA and PCA. The respective associations of smoking and age >50 with LCA and PCA were additive rather than multiplicative.
{"title":"Multiplicative, additive, and interactive associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with lung and prostate cancer.","authors":"Ari Voutilainen, Jyrki K Virtanen, Sari Hantunen, Tarja Nurmi, Petra Kokko, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000780","DOIUrl":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> Results regarding the epidemiological association of vitamin D with lung (LCA) and prostate cancer (PCA) are controversial. This study tested whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations have interactive epidemiological associations with smoking, the number-one risk factor for LCA, and age, the number-one risk factor for PCA. Also, this study investigated whether the associations of 25(OH)D, smoking, age, alcohol consumption, body mass index, diet (the healthy Nordic diet score), and physical activity with incident LCA and PCA are multiplicative or additive. The study of association types makes it easier to select appropriate statistical methods. The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study provided the data of 2578 men with 112 LCA and 300 PCA cases over 35 years by the end of 2019. Serum 25(OH)D did not associate with LCA and PCA or interact with smoking and age. The association of smoking with LCA was additive; 13 extra cases per 1000 men every 10 years. Age and alcohol consumption multiplicatively increased the hazard of LCA (hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval for age >50: 3.56, 1.82-6.17; drink per week: 1.01, 1.00-1.03), whereas adherence to healthy Nordic diet decreased it (per score point: 0.95, 0.89-1.00). The association of age >50 with PCA was additive; 2.5 extra cases per 1000 men every 10 years. To conclude, there was no epidemiological relationship of pre-diagnostic 25(OH)D concentrations with the incidence of LCA and PCA. The respective associations of smoking and age >50 with LCA and PCA were additive rather than multiplicative.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":"133-142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10676844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Previous studies have shown that some dietary components may be implicated in the aetiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Objective: We examined the relationship between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Study design: Eight hundred and fifty postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years were randomly selected from 87 health care centers. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using the anterior-posterior lumbar spine (L1-L4) and proximal femur neck through Hologic QDR 4500W (S/N 50266) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry device. After checking inclusion and exclusion criteria and diagnosis of osteoporosis, 124 women with normal bone mineral density (normal-BMD) and 108 women with osteoporosis were selected. Demographic, anthropometric, physical activity, midwifery, and dietary intake questionnaires were completed. DII was calculated based on a valid and reliable 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire using 37 (out of 45) food parameters. A Logistic regression model adjusted for confounders was applied to estimate osteoporosis's odds ratio (OR) based on modeling DII as a continuous and dichotomous variable. Results: In this study, DII scores ranged from -3.71 (the most anti-inflammatory score) to +4.16 (the most pro-inflammatory score). The median DII value among the osteoporosis group was 0.97, among the normal group it was -0.31, indicating a more pro-inflammatory diet for osteoporosis. There were positive associations between osteoporosis and DII based on both continuous (Adjusted OR=3.467, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.280-5.272, P-value<0.001) and dichotomous (Adjusted OR: DII ≤-0.31 / >-0.31=0.248, 95% CI: 0.110-0.561, P-value=0.001) measures in modeling adjusted for age, BMI, post-menopausal years, parity, education, total energy intake, and physical activity. Conclusions: These data suggest a pro-inflammatory diet, as indicated by increasing the DII score, may be a risk factor for osteoporosis in postmenopausal Iranian women.
{"title":"Positive relation between dietary inflammatory index and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.","authors":"Neda Mohammadisima, Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili, Alireza Ostadrahimi, Samira Pourmoradian","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000773","DOIUrl":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> Previous studies have shown that some dietary components may be implicated in the aetiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis. <i>Objective:</i> We examined the relationship between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII<sup>®</sup>) and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. <i>Study design:</i> Eight hundred and fifty postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years were randomly selected from 87 health care centers. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using the anterior-posterior lumbar spine (L1-L4) and proximal femur neck through Hologic QDR 4500W (S/N 50266) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry device. After checking inclusion and exclusion criteria and diagnosis of osteoporosis, 124 women with normal bone mineral density (normal-BMD) and 108 women with osteoporosis were selected. Demographic, anthropometric, physical activity, midwifery, and dietary intake questionnaires were completed. DII was calculated based on a valid and reliable 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire using 37 (out of 45) food parameters. A Logistic regression model adjusted for confounders was applied to estimate osteoporosis's odds ratio (OR) based on modeling DII as a continuous and dichotomous variable. <i>Results:</i> In this study, DII scores ranged from -3.71 (the most anti-inflammatory score) to +4.16 (the most pro-inflammatory score). The median DII value among the osteoporosis group was 0.97, among the normal group it was -0.31, indicating a more pro-inflammatory diet for osteoporosis. There were positive associations between osteoporosis and DII based on both continuous (Adjusted OR=3.467, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.280-5.272, P-value<0.001) and dichotomous (Adjusted OR: DII ≤-0.31 / >-0.31=0.248, 95% CI: 0.110-0.561, P-value=0.001) measures in modeling adjusted for age, BMI, post-menopausal years, parity, education, total energy intake, and physical activity. <i>Conclusions:</i> These data suggest a pro-inflammatory diet, as indicated by increasing the DII score, may be a risk factor for osteoporosis in postmenopausal Iranian women.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":"86-94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10382283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The effect of serum lycopene on the progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their longevity remains a controversial topic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations of different isomeric forms of serum lycopene with CVD and all-cause mortality in the American population. Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a large population survey to investigate public health in the US. We analyzed data from 2003-2006 linked with mortality data obtained in 2015. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality caused by serum lycopene. Results: Among 7452 participants (aged 20-85 years, 46.7% male), 298 died from CVDs among the total 1213 deaths during a median follow-up of 10.7 years. Serum lycopene is a protective factor for all-cause and CVD mortality. In multivariable-adjusted models, the hazard ratio (with 95% confidence intervals) associated with Q4 compared to Q1 of serum total-lycopene, trans-lycopene and cis-lycopene was 0.49 (0.38,0.63), 0.49 (0.39,0.63) and 0.55 (0.43,0.70) for all-cause mortality (Ptrend<0.05), and was 0.53 (0.32,0.96), 0.48 (0.32,0.72) and 0.63 (0.41,0.97) for CVD mortality (Ptrend<0.05). The subgroup analyses showed that different isomeric forms of lycopene showed varied associations with CVD and all-cause mortality based on age, drinking status, history of hypertension and diabetes. Conclusions: Serum lycopene concentration was significantly associated with the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. Cis-lycopene had a U-shaped relationship with mortality, while trans-lycopene had an inverse relationship with it.
{"title":"Associations of different isomeric forms of serum lycopene with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.","authors":"Yanan Zhang, Xiaobing Zhai, Honglin Chai, Keyang Liu, Wenzhi Ma, Shiyang Li, Jing Zeng, Mei Yang, Feng Zhou, Surui Zheng, Xia Wu, Bing Xiang, Jinhong Cao, Ehab S Eshak, Can Jiang","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000775","DOIUrl":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> The effect of serum lycopene on the progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their longevity remains a controversial topic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations of different isomeric forms of serum lycopene with CVD and all-cause mortality in the American population. <i>Methods:</i> The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a large population survey to investigate public health in the US. We analyzed data from 2003-2006 linked with mortality data obtained in 2015. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality caused by serum lycopene. <i>Results:</i> Among 7452 participants (aged 20-85 years, 46.7% male), 298 died from CVDs among the total 1213 deaths during a median follow-up of 10.7 years. Serum lycopene is a protective factor for all-cause and CVD mortality. In multivariable-adjusted models, the hazard ratio (with 95% confidence intervals) associated with Q4 compared to Q1 of serum total-lycopene, trans-lycopene and cis-lycopene was 0.49 (0.38,0.63), 0.49 (0.39,0.63) and 0.55 (0.43,0.70) for all-cause mortality (P<sub>trend</sub><0.05), and was 0.53 (0.32,0.96), 0.48 (0.32,0.72) and 0.63 (0.41,0.97) for CVD mortality (P<sub>trend</sub><0.05). The subgroup analyses showed that different isomeric forms of lycopene showed varied associations with CVD and all-cause mortality based on age, drinking status, history of hypertension and diabetes. <i>Conclusions:</i> Serum lycopene concentration was significantly associated with the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. Cis-lycopene had a U-shaped relationship with mortality, while trans-lycopene had an inverse relationship with it.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":"108-119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10608007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vitamin D3 (VD3) is a fat-soluble vitamin that can accumulate in the body and lead to toxicity by increasing 25(OH) D levels when consumed in large amounts. Maintaining 25(OH) D levels greater than 30 ng/mL is crucial for overall health due to the significant role of vitamin D in the body. The most common causes of VD3 intoxication are manufacturing errors or self-administration. Currently, there is no definitive data on the dose and duration of VD3 consumption that leads to toxicity. The maximum daily doses of VD3 that can be tolerated without causing adverse effects are not established. The maximum recommended amount for long-term supplementation is 2,000 units per day. Vitamin D3 toxicity (VDT) can present in various scenarios, ranging from asymptomatic to gastrointestinal, and in severe cases with neuropsychiatric and life-threatening symptoms. We report the case of a 29-year-old man who presented with symptoms of VDT following an accidental overdose of VD3 over 2 weeks.
{"title":"Accidental vitamin D3 overdose in a young man.","authors":"Zahra Nekoukar, Aliasghar Manouchehri, Zakaria Zakariaei","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000798","DOIUrl":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> Vitamin D3 (VD3) is a fat-soluble vitamin that can accumulate in the body and lead to toxicity by increasing 25(OH) D levels when consumed in large amounts. Maintaining 25(OH) D levels greater than 30 ng/mL is crucial for overall health due to the significant role of vitamin D in the body. The most common causes of VD3 intoxication are manufacturing errors or self-administration. Currently, there is no definitive data on the dose and duration of VD3 consumption that leads to toxicity. The maximum daily doses of VD3 that can be tolerated without causing adverse effects are not established. The maximum recommended amount for long-term supplementation is 2,000 units per day. Vitamin D3 toxicity (VDT) can present in various scenarios, ranging from asymptomatic to gastrointestinal, and in severe cases with neuropsychiatric and life-threatening symptoms. We report the case of a 29-year-old man who presented with symptoms of VDT following an accidental overdose of VD3 over 2 weeks.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":"82-85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136397345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic is still a public health concern. Micronutrient deficiencies can fasten the progression of this syndrome. Selenium and zinc are essential trace elements, which exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in HIV infection. The present overview aimed to evaluate the current knowledge from systematic reviews (SRs) of the effects of selenium and zinc supplementation in HIV patients to show the most updated and comprehensive summary of previous SRs. Methods: The current study was performed according to the guidelines of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) statements. To assess the quality of articles we used the Measurement Tool to Checklist Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR). PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases and Google Scholar web search engine were searched up until March 2022, using relevant keywords. Results: Among 3731 articles assessed, five and four studies met the inclusion criteria for selenium and zinc supplementation, respectively. Four studies found that selenium supplementation can be effective in delaying CD4 decline in HIV-infected patients. In four SRs, the dosage of selenium supplementation was 200 μg/day. Three studies, however, reported no significant effect of zinc supplementation on CD4 cell counts, and HIV viral load. The dosage of zinc supplementation ranged from 12 to 100 mg/day. The intervention duration ranged from 2 weeks to 18 months. Conclusion: In the present study, we identified some clinical evidence of a potential beneficial effect of selenium supplementation in HIV-infected patients.
背景:人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的流行仍然是一个公共卫生问题。微量营养素缺乏会加速这种综合征的发展。硒和锌是人体必需的微量元素,在 HIV 感染中具有抗氧化和抗炎作用。本综述旨在评估目前从系统综述(SR)中获得的关于硒和锌补充剂对艾滋病患者影响的知识,从而对以往的系统综述进行最新、最全面的总结。研究方法本研究根据 PRISMA(系统综述和 Meta 分析首选报告项目)声明的指导原则进行。为了评估文章的质量,我们使用了系统性综述检查表评估工具(AMSTAR)。截至 2022 年 3 月,我们使用相关关键词搜索了 PubMed/Medline、Web of Science、Scopus 和 EMBASE 数据库以及 Google Scholar 网络搜索引擎。结果:在评估的 3731 篇文章中,分别有 5 项和 4 项研究符合硒和锌补充剂的纳入标准。四项研究发现,补硒可有效延缓艾滋病病毒感染者的 CD4 下降。在四项研究中,补硒剂量为 200 微克/天。但有三项研究报告称,补锌对 CD4 细胞计数和 HIV 病毒载量没有明显影响。补锌剂量从 12 毫克/天到 100 毫克/天不等。干预时间从 2 周到 18 个月不等。结论在本研究中,我们发现了一些临床证据,证明补硒对艾滋病病毒感染者有潜在的益处。
{"title":"Selenium and zinc supplementation in HIV-infected patients.","authors":"Samira Pourmoradian, Leila Rezazadeh, Helda Tutunchi, Alireza Ostadrahimi","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000778","DOIUrl":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic is still a public health concern. Micronutrient deficiencies can fasten the progression of this syndrome. Selenium and zinc are essential trace elements, which exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in HIV infection. The present overview aimed to evaluate the current knowledge from systematic reviews (SRs) of the effects of selenium and zinc supplementation in HIV patients to show the most updated and comprehensive summary of previous SRs. <i>Methods:</i> The current study was performed according to the guidelines of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) statements. To assess the quality of articles we used the Measurement Tool to Checklist Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR). PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases and Google Scholar web search engine were searched up until March 2022, using relevant keywords. <i>Results:</i> Among 3731 articles assessed, five and four studies met the inclusion criteria for selenium and zinc supplementation, respectively. Four studies found that selenium supplementation can be effective in delaying CD4 decline in HIV-infected patients. In four SRs, the dosage of selenium supplementation was 200 μg/day. Three studies, however, reported no significant effect of zinc supplementation on CD4 cell counts, and HIV viral load. The dosage of zinc supplementation ranged from 12 to 100 mg/day. The intervention duration ranged from 2 weeks to 18 months. <i>Conclusion:</i> In the present study, we identified some clinical evidence of a potential beneficial effect of selenium supplementation in HIV-infected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":"153-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10607637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-01-17DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000776
Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip, Viroj Wiwanitkit
{"title":"Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and cardiometabolic conditions: Correspondence.","authors":"Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000776","DOIUrl":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000776","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10536139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2022-09-27DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000767
Priscilla Sampaio, Dan Linetzky Waitzberg, Natasha Mendonça Machado, Raquel Susana Matos de Miranda Torrinhas, Danielle C Fonseca, Beatriz A M Ferreira, Mariane Marques, Samira Barcelos, Robson Kiyoshi Ishida, Ismael Francisco Mota Siqueira Guarda, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura, Paulo Sakai, Marco Aurélio Santo, Steven B Heymsfield, Maria Lúcia Corrêa-Giannella, Mariana Doce Passadore, Priscila Sala
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the most performed bariatric surgical techniques. However, RYGB commonly results, as side effects, in nutritional deficiencies. This study aimed to examine changes in the expression of vitamin A pathway encoding genes in the gastrointestinal tract (GI) and to evaluate the potential mechanisms associated with hypovitaminosis A after RYGB. Intestinal biopsies were obtained through double-balloon endoscopy in 20 women with obesity (age 46.9±6.2 years; body mass index [BMI] 46.5±5.3 kg/m2 [mean±SD]) before and three months after RYGB (BMI, 38.2±4.2 kg/m2). Intestinal mucosal gene microarray analyses were performed in samples using a Human GeneChip 1.0 ST array (Affymetrix). Vitamin A intake was assessed from 7-day food records and serum retinol levels were evaluated by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Our results showed the following genes with significant downregulation (p≤0.05): LIPF (-0.60), NPC1L1 (-0.71), BCO1 (-0.45), and RBP4 (-0.13) in the duodenum; CD36 (-0.33), and ISX (-0.43) in the jejunum and BCO1 (-0.29) in the ileum. No significant changes in vitamin A intake were found (784±694 retinol equivalents [RE] pre-operative vs. 809±753 RE post-operative [mean±SD]). Although patients were routinely supplemented with 3500 international units IU/day (equivalent to 1050 μg RE/day) of oral retinol palmitate, serum concentrations were lower in the post-operative when compared to pre-operative period (0.35±0.14 μg/L vs. 0.52±0.33 μg/L, respectively - P=0.07), both within the normal range. After RYGB, the simultaneous change in expression of GI genes, may impair carotenoid metabolism in the enterocytes, formation of nascent chylomicrons and transport of retinol, resulting in lower availability of vitamin A.
Roux-en-Y 胃旁路术(RYGB)是最常用的减肥手术技术之一。然而,RYGB 通常会导致营养缺乏等副作用。本研究旨在检测胃肠道(GI)中维生素 A 途径编码基因表达的变化,并评估 RYGB 术后维生素 A 缺乏的潜在机制。研究人员通过双球囊内镜获取了20名肥胖女性(年龄46.9±6.2岁;体重指数[BMI] 46.5±5.3 kg/m2 [平均±SD])在RYGB(体重指数38.2±4.2 kg/m2)之前和之后三个月的肠道活检组织。使用人类基因芯片 1.0 ST 阵列(Affymetrix)对样本进行肠粘膜基因芯片分析。维生素 A 摄入量通过 7 天的食物记录进行评估,血清视黄醇水平通过电化学发光免疫测定进行评估。我们的结果显示,下列基因有明显的下调(p≤0.05):十二指肠中的 LIPF(-0.60)、NPC1L1(-0.71)、BCO1(-0.45)和 RBP4(-0.13);空肠中的 CD36(-0.33)和 ISX(-0.43)以及回肠中的 BCO1(-0.29)。维生素 A 的摄入量未发现明显变化(术前为 784±694 视黄醇当量 [RE],术后为 809±753 RE [平均值±SD])。虽然患者常规补充口服棕榈酸视黄醇 3500 国际单位 IU/天(相当于 1050 μg RE/天),但术后血清浓度低于术前(分别为 0.35±0.14 μg/L vs. 0.52±0.33 μg/L - P=0.07),均在正常范围内。RYGB 术后,消化道基因表达的同步变化可能会影响肠细胞中类胡萝卜素的代谢、新生乳糜微粒的形成和视黄醇的转运,从而导致维生素 A 的可用性降低。
{"title":"Gastrointestinal genetic reprogramming of vitamin A metabolic pathways in response of <i>Roux-en-Y</i> gastric bypass.","authors":"Priscilla Sampaio, Dan Linetzky Waitzberg, Natasha Mendonça Machado, Raquel Susana Matos de Miranda Torrinhas, Danielle C Fonseca, Beatriz A M Ferreira, Mariane Marques, Samira Barcelos, Robson Kiyoshi Ishida, Ismael Francisco Mota Siqueira Guarda, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura, Paulo Sakai, Marco Aurélio Santo, Steven B Heymsfield, Maria Lúcia Corrêa-Giannella, Mariana Doce Passadore, Priscila Sala","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000767","DOIUrl":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the most performed bariatric surgical techniques. However, RYGB commonly results, as side effects, in nutritional deficiencies. This study aimed to examine changes in the expression of vitamin A pathway encoding genes in the gastrointestinal tract (GI) and to evaluate the potential mechanisms associated with hypovitaminosis A after RYGB. Intestinal biopsies were obtained through double-balloon endoscopy in 20 women with obesity (age 46.9±6.2 years; body mass index [BMI] 46.5±5.3 kg/m<sup>2</sup> [mean±SD]) before and three months after RYGB (BMI, 38.2±4.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Intestinal mucosal gene microarray analyses were performed in samples using a Human GeneChip 1.0 ST array (Affymetrix). Vitamin A intake was assessed from 7-day food records and serum retinol levels were evaluated by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Our results showed the following genes with significant downregulation (p≤0.05): LIPF (-0.60), NPC1L1 (-0.71), BCO1 (-0.45), and RBP4 (-0.13) in the duodenum; CD36 (-0.33), and ISX (-0.43) in the jejunum and BCO1 (-0.29) in the ileum. No significant changes in vitamin A intake were found (784±694 retinol equivalents [RE] pre-operative vs. 809±753 RE post-operative [mean±SD]). Although patients were routinely supplemented with 3500 international units IU/day (equivalent to 1050 μg RE/day) of oral retinol palmitate, serum concentrations were lower in the post-operative when compared to pre-operative period (0.35±0.14 μg/L vs. 0.52±0.33 μg/L, respectively - P=0.07), both within the normal range. After RYGB, the simultaneous change in expression of GI genes, may impair carotenoid metabolism in the enterocytes, formation of nascent chylomicrons and transport of retinol, resulting in lower availability of vitamin A.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":"27-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9456405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2022-08-26DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000764
Júlia Novaes Matias, Vinícius Marinho Lima, Giovanna Soares Nutels, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Sandra Maria Barbalho, Ricardo de Alvares Goulart, Adriano Cressoni Araújo, Rodrigo Buzinaro Suzuki, Elen Landgraf Guiguer
As vitamin D (VD) plays an essential role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), this systematic review aimed to update the participation of this vitamin in the prevention or remission of these diseases. This review has included studies in MEDLINE-PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. The authors have followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis) guidelines. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty-two randomized clinical trials were selected. In total, 1,209 patients were included in this systematic review: 1034 received only VD and 175 received VD in combination with calcium. The average doses of VD supplementation were from oral 400 IU daily to 10,000 IU per kilogram of body weight. Single injection of 300,000 IU of VD was also used. Several studies have shown the crucial role that VD plays in the therapeutic approach of IBD due to its effects on the immune system. It effectively decreased inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IFN-γ (p<0.05) and provided a reduction in disease activity assessed through different scores such as Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) (p<0.05) and Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity Index (UCDAI) (p<0.05). Unfortunately, the available clinical trials are not standardized for of doses and routes of administration. Existing meta-analyses are biased because they compare studies using different doses or treatments in combination with different drugs or supplements such as calcium. Even though VD has crucial effects on inflammatory processes, there is still a need for standardized studies to establish how the supplementation should be performed and the doses to be administered.
{"title":"The use of vitamin D for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.","authors":"Júlia Novaes Matias, Vinícius Marinho Lima, Giovanna Soares Nutels, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Sandra Maria Barbalho, Ricardo de Alvares Goulart, Adriano Cressoni Araújo, Rodrigo Buzinaro Suzuki, Elen Landgraf Guiguer","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000764","DOIUrl":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> As vitamin D (VD) plays an essential role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), this systematic review aimed to update the participation of this vitamin in the prevention or remission of these diseases. This review has included studies in MEDLINE-PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. The authors have followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis) guidelines. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty-two randomized clinical trials were selected. In total, 1,209 patients were included in this systematic review: 1034 received only VD and 175 received VD in combination with calcium. The average doses of VD supplementation were from oral 400 IU daily to 10,000 IU per kilogram of body weight. Single injection of 300,000 IU of VD was also used. Several studies have shown the crucial role that VD plays in the therapeutic approach of IBD due to its effects on the immune system. It effectively decreased inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IFN-γ (p<0.05) and provided a reduction in disease activity assessed through different scores such as Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) (p<0.05) and Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity Index (UCDAI) (p<0.05). Unfortunately, the available clinical trials are not standardized for of doses and routes of administration. Existing meta-analyses are biased because they compare studies using different doses or treatments in combination with different drugs or supplements such as calcium. Even though VD has crucial effects on inflammatory processes, there is still a need for standardized studies to establish how the supplementation should be performed and the doses to be administered.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":"54-70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9087905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2023-02-09DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000779
Aggelos T Margetis
In the last few years, numerous studies have demonstrated that dietary modifications in the form of calory restriction exert beneficial effects in several clinical entities, including aging-related pathologies, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Both as preventive but also as therapeutic modalities, these dietary regimens can impact systemic metabolism, immune and hormonal responses, redox balance and gut microbiota, among others. In the field of oncology, the vast majority of experimental work has explored the role of restricted diets in the prevention of malignant tumors, mostly in carcinogenesis-induced models, with at least encouraging results; on the contrary, less research has been performed in the management of full-blown cancer with ketogenic diet or caloric restriction protocols. Herein, we are aiming to review the relevant preclinical and clinical studies to date that investigate the role of caloric restriction in the treatment of established cancer.
{"title":"Caloric restriction for the management of malignant tumors - from animal studies towards clinical translation.","authors":"Aggelos T Margetis","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000779","DOIUrl":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> In the last few years, numerous studies have demonstrated that dietary modifications in the form of calory restriction exert beneficial effects in several clinical entities, including aging-related pathologies, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Both as preventive but also as therapeutic modalities, these dietary regimens can impact systemic metabolism, immune and hormonal responses, redox balance and gut microbiota, among others. In the field of oncology, the vast majority of experimental work has explored the role of restricted diets in the prevention of malignant tumors, mostly in carcinogenesis-induced models, with at least encouraging results; on the contrary, less research has been performed in the management of full-blown cancer with ketogenic diet or caloric restriction protocols. Herein, we are aiming to review the relevant preclinical and clinical studies to date that investigate the role of caloric restriction in the treatment of established cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10676843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000772
Humera Fiaz, Abdul Rehman Khan, Shahid Abbas, Ahmed Bilal, Haq Nawaz Khan, Misbah Hussain, Fazli Rabbi Awan
Apart from bone related effects, vitamin D has roles in immune modulation, hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Metabolic functions of vitamin D are mediated after binding with vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDR polymorphisms affect its physiological functions. Several VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were reported previously. However, VDR polymorphisms causing influence on cardiovascular and metabolic disorders have not been investigated in the Pakistani population so far. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the role of VDR polymorphisms (rs2228570 and rs7975232) in the pathobiology of cardiometabolic disorders. In total, 400 cardiometabolic patients and 226 healthy control human adults were enrolled from Faisalabad, Pakistan. Biochemical parameters (serum glucose, liver function test, renal function test and lipid profile) were analyzed by standard kit methods. Genetic analysis was done by ARMS-PCR assay. Data was analyzed in SPSS v20. Regression analysis revealed that GG and AG genotypes of rs2228570 A>G polymorphism significantly increased the risk of hypertension in cardiovascular patients by 5.29 and 5.94 times respectively (GG: OR=5.29, 95% CI=1.63-17.2, p=0.005; AG: OR=5.94, 95% CI=1.70-20.7, p=0.005). However, rs7975232 C>A polymorphism was not correlated with cardiometabolic conditions. In conclusion, GG and AG genotypes of VDR SNP rs2228570 significantly contribute to hypertension in cardiovascular disease patients.
除了与骨骼有关的作用外,维生素 D 还在免疫调节、高血压、糖尿病和心血管疾病中发挥作用。维生素 D 的代谢功能是与维生素 D 受体(VDR)结合后介导的。VDR 多态性会影响其生理功能。以前曾报道过几种 VDR 单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)。然而,迄今为止,尚未在巴基斯坦人群中调查 VDR 多态性对心血管和代谢疾病的影响。因此,本研究旨在评估 VDR 多态性(rs2228570 和 rs7975232)在心血管代谢紊乱病理生物学中的作用。研究人员从巴基斯坦费萨拉巴德(Faisalabad)共招募了 400 名心脏代谢疾病患者和 226 名健康对照组成人。生化指标(血清葡萄糖、肝功能检测、肾功能检测和血脂谱)采用标准试剂盒方法进行分析。基因分析采用 ARMS-PCR 检测法。数据用 SPSS v20 进行分析。回归分析表明,rs2228570 A>G 多态性的 GG 和 AG 基因型会显著增加心血管病人患高血压的风险,分别增加 5.29 倍和 5.94 倍(GG:OR=5.29,95% CI=1.63-17.2,p=0.005;AG:OR=5.94,95% CI=1.70-20.7,p=0.005)。然而,rs7975232 C>A 多态性与心脏代谢状况无关。总之,VDR SNP rs2228570的GG和AG基因型对心血管疾病患者的高血压有显著影响。
{"title":"Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms with cardiometabolic conditions in Pakistani population.","authors":"Humera Fiaz, Abdul Rehman Khan, Shahid Abbas, Ahmed Bilal, Haq Nawaz Khan, Misbah Hussain, Fazli Rabbi Awan","doi":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000772","DOIUrl":"10.1024/0300-9831/a000772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> Apart from bone related effects, vitamin D has roles in immune modulation, hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Metabolic functions of vitamin D are mediated after binding with vitamin D receptor (VDR). <i>VDR</i> polymorphisms affect its physiological functions. Several <i>VDR</i> single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were reported previously. However, VDR polymorphisms causing influence on cardiovascular and metabolic disorders have not been investigated in the Pakistani population so far. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the role of <i>VDR</i> polymorphisms (rs2228570 and rs7975232) in the pathobiology of cardiometabolic disorders. In total, 400 cardiometabolic patients and 226 healthy control human adults were enrolled from Faisalabad, Pakistan. Biochemical parameters (serum glucose, liver function test, renal function test and lipid profile) were analyzed by standard kit methods. Genetic analysis was done by ARMS-PCR assay. Data was analyzed in SPSS v20. Regression analysis revealed that GG and AG genotypes of rs2228570 A>G polymorphism significantly increased the risk of hypertension in cardiovascular patients by 5.29 and 5.94 times respectively (GG: OR=5.29, 95% CI=1.63-17.2, <b>p=0.005</b>; AG: OR=5.94, 95% CI=1.70-20.7, <b>p=0.005</b>). However, rs7975232 C>A polymorphism was not correlated with cardiometabolic conditions. In conclusion, GG and AG genotypes of <i>VDR</i> SNP rs2228570 significantly contribute to hypertension in cardiovascular disease patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13884,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":"45-53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10346116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}