Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.22034/IJABBR.2020.40523
M. Valizadeh, M. Beigomi, B. Fazeli-Nasab
Background: Considering the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and the presence of antibacterial agents in plantsObjectives: the aim of this study was the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of Tecomella undulata and Momordica charantia ethanol and aceton leaf extract on antibiotic resistance Acinetobacter baumannii.Methods: The leaves of Tecomella undulata and Momordica charantia were collected from Saravan city and extracted by rotary machine. Acinetobacter baumannii strains were collected from urine specimens of Imam Khomeini and Ali-ibn-Abi-Talib Hospitals. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by micro dilution method. Results: The lowest MIC and MBC of ethanol leaf extract of Tecomella undulata was 0.62 and 1.25mg/mL, respectivelly. The lowest MIC and MBC of aceton leaf extract of Tecomella undulata was 0.31 and 0.62mg/mL, respectivelly. The lowest MIC and MBC of ethanol leaf extract of Momordica charantia was 1.25 and 2.5mg/mL, respectivelly. The lowest MIC and MBC of aceton leaf extract of Momordica charantia was 0.31 and 0.62mg/mL, respectivelly. The resistance of the strains was to amoxiclavanic (10%), ampicillin (20%), gentamicin (0%), ceftazidime (0%) and nitromicin (0%) antibiotics. The aceton extract had more effect on Acinetobacter baumannii than ethanolic extract. The effect of Momordica charantia and Tecomella undulata against Acinetobacter baumannii are the same.Conclusion: By considering the results, obtained and increasing resistance of bacteria to chemical antibiotics, it is suggested that bacterial compositions of these plants can be used to treat bacteria.
{"title":"Antibacterial and Anti biofilm effects of ethanol and aceton leaf extract of Momordica charantia and Tecomella undulata against Acinetobacter baumannii","authors":"M. Valizadeh, M. Beigomi, B. Fazeli-Nasab","doi":"10.22034/IJABBR.2020.40523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IJABBR.2020.40523","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Considering the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and the presence of antibacterial agents in plantsObjectives: the aim of this study was the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of Tecomella undulata and Momordica charantia ethanol and aceton leaf extract on antibiotic resistance Acinetobacter baumannii.Methods: The leaves of Tecomella undulata and Momordica charantia were collected from Saravan city and extracted by rotary machine. Acinetobacter baumannii strains were collected from urine specimens of Imam Khomeini and Ali-ibn-Abi-Talib Hospitals. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by micro dilution method. Results: The lowest MIC and MBC of ethanol leaf extract of Tecomella undulata was 0.62 and 1.25mg/mL, respectivelly. The lowest MIC and MBC of aceton leaf extract of Tecomella undulata was 0.31 and 0.62mg/mL, respectivelly. The lowest MIC and MBC of ethanol leaf extract of Momordica charantia was 1.25 and 2.5mg/mL, respectivelly. The lowest MIC and MBC of aceton leaf extract of Momordica charantia was 0.31 and 0.62mg/mL, respectivelly. The resistance of the strains was to amoxiclavanic (10%), ampicillin (20%), gentamicin (0%), ceftazidime (0%) and nitromicin (0%) antibiotics. The aceton extract had more effect on Acinetobacter baumannii than ethanolic extract. The effect of Momordica charantia and Tecomella undulata against Acinetobacter baumannii are the same.Conclusion: By considering the results, obtained and increasing resistance of bacteria to chemical antibiotics, it is suggested that bacterial compositions of these plants can be used to treat bacteria.","PeriodicalId":13887,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research","volume":"155 1","pages":"403-418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77526213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.22034/IJABBR.2021.44619
M. Rahman, J. Ferdous, S. Hosen, M. Hasan, A. Parvin, Habibul Bari Shojib
Background: Hypercholesterolemia led cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications are plaguing the globe. In the present study, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) high yield variety (HYV) rice named as BR5 had been selected for extracting bran oil followed by fatty acid analysis and in vivo hypocholesterolemic effect of the extracted rice bran oil (RBO) for the sake of ameliorating CVD. Method: RBO had been extracted using n-Hexane followed by fatty acid analysis and anti-hypocholesterolemic study on rats against soybean oil (SBO), mustard oil (MBO) and butter oil (BTO) followed by organ function tests. Study period was four weeks. Then the rats had been killed, their blood had been collected and serum biochemical parameters had been analyzed using semi-auto analyzer. Results: Fatty acid analyses revealed BR5 had been the best among the six HYVs of rice. Compared with the other edible oils, RBO derived from BR5 showed significantly increasing effect upon plasma total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering while high density lipoprotein cholesterol increasing. Toxicological studies showed no detrimental effect of BR5 derived RBO on cardiac, renal and hepatic functions. Conclusion: BR5 is a rich source of RBO that provides balanced fatty acid support as well as exerts hypocholesterolemic effects without any detectable side effects. Consumption of BR5 derived RBO would aid in CVD amelioration
{"title":"Hypercholesterolemia ameliorating effect of bangladeshi high yield variety rice bran oil","authors":"M. Rahman, J. Ferdous, S. Hosen, M. Hasan, A. Parvin, Habibul Bari Shojib","doi":"10.22034/IJABBR.2021.44619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IJABBR.2021.44619","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypercholesterolemia led cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications are plaguing the globe. In the present study, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) high yield variety (HYV) rice named as BR5 had been selected for extracting bran oil followed by fatty acid analysis and in vivo hypocholesterolemic effect of the extracted rice bran oil (RBO) for the sake of ameliorating CVD. \u0000Method: RBO had been extracted using n-Hexane followed by fatty acid analysis and anti-hypocholesterolemic study on rats against soybean oil (SBO), mustard oil (MBO) and butter oil (BTO) followed by organ function tests. Study period was four weeks. Then the rats had been killed, their blood had been collected and serum biochemical parameters had been analyzed using semi-auto analyzer. \u0000Results: Fatty acid analyses revealed BR5 had been the best among the six HYVs of rice. Compared with the other edible oils, RBO derived from BR5 showed significantly increasing effect upon plasma total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering while high density lipoprotein cholesterol increasing. Toxicological studies showed no detrimental effect of BR5 derived RBO on cardiac, renal and hepatic functions. \u0000Conclusion: BR5 is a rich source of RBO that provides balanced fatty acid support as well as exerts hypocholesterolemic effects without any detectable side effects. Consumption of BR5 derived RBO would aid in CVD amelioration","PeriodicalId":13887,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"48-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83565094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Aim: Dairy products, especially cheese, are a suitable environment for the growth of pathogenic bacteria that cause disease after being transmitted to humans. Escherichia coli is one of the microbial agents in traditional cheese that causes human disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contamination rate of traditional cheeses with E.coli and to determine their antibiotic resistance pattern in Marand. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 cheese samples from different centers of dairy products sales in Marand during the first six months of 2019 and after identification of E.coli strains, susceptibility and resistance to 12 antibiotics were studied using Kirby-Bauer test.Results: Of the 150 samples studied, 60 (80%) were positive for E.coli infection. The results of antibiogram test showed the highest resistance to amoxicillin and amoxicillin / clavulanic acid (100%) and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (83.3%) and the highest sensitivity to ceftriaxone (66.6%) and ciprofloxacin (36.7%), respectively. Conclusion: Due to the high level of contamination of traditional cheeses in this region with E.coli, their production and distribution should be under the control of their respective experts and it is necessary to inform them about the dangers of their use.
{"title":"Antibiotic susceptibility assessment of Escherichia coli isolated from traditional cheeses in Marand, Iran","authors":"Abolfazl Jafari-Sales, Parisa Hosein-Nezhad, Ahmadreza Shahniani","doi":"10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Dairy products, especially cheese, are a suitable environment for the growth of pathogenic bacteria that cause disease after being transmitted to humans. Escherichia coli is one of the microbial agents in traditional cheese that causes human disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contamination rate of traditional cheeses with E.coli and to determine their antibiotic resistance pattern in Marand. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 cheese samples from different centers of dairy products sales in Marand during the first six months of 2019 and after identification of E.coli strains, susceptibility and resistance to 12 antibiotics were studied using Kirby-Bauer test.Results: Of the 150 samples studied, 60 (80%) were positive for E.coli infection. The results of antibiogram test showed the highest resistance to amoxicillin and amoxicillin / clavulanic acid (100%) and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (83.3%) and the highest sensitivity to ceftriaxone (66.6%) and ciprofloxacin (36.7%), respectively. Conclusion: Due to the high level of contamination of traditional cheeses in this region with E.coli, their production and distribution should be under the control of their respective experts and it is necessary to inform them about the dangers of their use.","PeriodicalId":13887,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research","volume":"126 1","pages":"236-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85705274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.7
M. Diyanat, Fereidoon Ghasemkhan-Ghajar
Field experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides NICOSULFURON and EPTC alone or in combination with seed priming on weed control and corn yield. NICOSULFURON (80 g a.i. ha‒1) was applied at four- to six-leaf stage of corn as post-emergence and EPTC (4920 g a.i. ha‒1) applied as pre-plant incorporation (PPI). Among the herbicide treatments, the lowest total weed biomass was observed in plots treated with prime + EPTC PPI at ½ recommended dose followed by one hand weeding and NICOSULFURON applied at label recommended dose or 33% reduced dose integrated with seed priming, while the least performance was observed in plots treated with EPTC alone. Weed biomass reduction by seed priming alone was 32% (average of two years) compared with control. The highest grain and biological yield were observed in weed free plots and hand hoeing three times, followed by prime + EPTC followed one hand-hoeing and NICOSULFURON at recommended rate and at 33% reduced dose integrated with seed priming. The present study demonstrated that seed priming can improve the weed competitiveness of corn.
在2017年和2018年进行了田间试验，评价了nico磺隆和EPTC除草剂单独使用或与种子催种联合使用对杂草控制和玉米产量的效果。nico磺隆(80 g a.i. ha-1)在玉米4 ~ 6叶期作为苗期施用，EPTC (4920 g a.i. ha-1)作为苗期施用。在除草剂处理中，prime + EPTC PPI以推荐剂量的1 / 2处理后，单手除草和nico磺隆以标签推荐剂量或减少33%剂量结合种子注入处理的杂草生物量最低，而EPTC单独处理的杂草生物量最低。与对照相比，单独灌种使杂草生物量减少32%(平均两年)。无草区和3次手锄的粮食和生物产量最高，其次是prime + EPTC + 1次手锄和nico磺隆(推荐用量)和33%的减少剂量与种子引种相结合。本研究表明，种子灌浆可以提高玉米的杂草竞争力。
{"title":"IIntegrated weed control in corn (Zea mays L.) through combinations of seed priming and reduced dosages of various commonly used herbicides","authors":"M. Diyanat, Fereidoon Ghasemkhan-Ghajar","doi":"10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides NICOSULFURON and EPTC alone or in combination with seed priming on weed control and corn yield. NICOSULFURON (80 g a.i. ha‒1) was applied at four- to six-leaf stage of corn as post-emergence and EPTC (4920 g a.i. ha‒1) applied as pre-plant incorporation (PPI). Among the herbicide treatments, the lowest total weed biomass was observed in plots treated with prime + EPTC PPI at ½ recommended dose followed by one hand weeding and NICOSULFURON applied at label recommended dose or 33% reduced dose integrated with seed priming, while the least performance was observed in plots treated with EPTC alone. Weed biomass reduction by seed priming alone was 32% (average of two years) compared with control. The highest grain and biological yield were observed in weed free plots and hand hoeing three times, followed by prime + EPTC followed one hand-hoeing and NICOSULFURON at recommended rate and at 33% reduced dose integrated with seed priming. The present study demonstrated that seed priming can improve the weed competitiveness of corn.","PeriodicalId":13887,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"291-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79096007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.33945/sami/ijabbr.2020.3.9
S. Ismail
One of our objectives in this investigation is to determine responses of S. littoralis through different developmental stages and generations to secondary metabolic compound presumably gossypol. Gossypol did not significantly show antifeedant except with high concentration (1.7% gossypol in the diet) that gave 10.6, 21.9, and 46.8% for three generations, respectively. Significantly longer larval life-spans were observed in S. littoralis on a high concentration of gossypol compared with those fed on low concentrations. The larval and pupal weight of the third generation was significantly lower than that of the previous two generations as latent effects on survived larvae significantly lower fecundity was found in the second and third generations. A significantly lower relative growth rate was observed in the three successive generations. Generally, the efficiency of gossypol was significantly higher in the second and third generations. Gossypol significantly affected growth and development, suggesting that diet-gossypol efficiency was different based on concentration and generation. This study will shed some light on the possibility of controlling S. littoralis by gossypol through the sequence of alternative spraying programs.
{"title":"Responses of multiple generations of Spodoptera littoralis feeding on gossypol","authors":"S. Ismail","doi":"10.33945/sami/ijabbr.2020.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33945/sami/ijabbr.2020.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"One of our objectives in this investigation is to determine responses of S. littoralis through different developmental stages and generations to secondary metabolic compound presumably gossypol. Gossypol did not significantly show antifeedant except with high concentration (1.7% gossypol in the diet) that gave 10.6, 21.9, and 46.8% for three generations, respectively. Significantly longer larval life-spans were observed in S. littoralis on a high concentration of gossypol compared with those fed on low concentrations. The larval and pupal weight of the third generation was significantly lower than that of the previous two generations as latent effects on survived larvae significantly lower fecundity was found in the second and third generations. A significantly lower relative growth rate was observed in the three successive generations. Generally, the efficiency of gossypol was significantly higher in the second and third generations. Gossypol significantly affected growth and development, suggesting that diet-gossypol efficiency was different based on concentration and generation. This study will shed some light on the possibility of controlling S. littoralis by gossypol through the sequence of alternative spraying programs.","PeriodicalId":13887,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"315-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82136191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.4
E. Idowu, O. Olusola-Makinde, M. Oladunmoye
Throat infections are common cause for visit to health care centres. This study is aimed at investigating the antibacterial efficacy of G. kola seeds against bacteria involved in throat infections. Twenty clinical and 4 typed bacterial isolates associated with throat infections were obtained. Extraction from G. kola seeds using ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, hot and cold water as extraction solvents was done. Phytochemical analyses of extracts, antibacterial efficacy, MIC and MBC of extracts on test isolates using ciprofloxacin as positive control and mechanisms of action of extract; were carried out. Ethyl acetate extract was most effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae with 29±0.58 mm zone of inhibition while hot water extract was the least with 6.00±0.58 mm against S. pyogenes. Ethyl acetate extract again showed the lowest MIC and MBC at 6.25 mg/ml and 12.5 mg/ml respectively against S. aureus. Time-kill kinetics of the extract also showed reduction in number of bacteria cells at 30 min intervals. The mechanism of action of ethyl acetate extract is attributed to cell wall disruption with highest leakages of Na+ and K+ in K. pneumoniae obtained at 350 Cmol/kg and 82 Cmol/kg respectively, while the highest leakage of proteins was obtained in S. aureus at 88.55±5.34 mg/ml. . These results conclude that the ethyl acetate extract of G. kola seeds is of best efficacy against the tested bacteria involved in throat infections.
{"title":"Antibacterial Efficacy of Garcinia kola (Heckel) Seeds against Bacteria Involved in Throat Infections","authors":"E. Idowu, O. Olusola-Makinde, M. Oladunmoye","doi":"10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Throat infections are common cause for visit to health care centres. This study is aimed at investigating the antibacterial efficacy of G. kola seeds against bacteria involved in throat infections. Twenty clinical and 4 typed bacterial isolates associated with throat infections were obtained. Extraction from G. kola seeds using ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, hot and cold water as extraction solvents was done. Phytochemical analyses of extracts, antibacterial efficacy, MIC and MBC of extracts on test isolates using ciprofloxacin as positive control and mechanisms of action of extract; were carried out. Ethyl acetate extract was most effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae with 29±0.58 mm zone of inhibition while hot water extract was the least with 6.00±0.58 mm against S. pyogenes. Ethyl acetate extract again showed the lowest MIC and MBC at 6.25 mg/ml and 12.5 mg/ml respectively against S. aureus. Time-kill kinetics of the extract also showed reduction in number of bacteria cells at 30 min intervals. The mechanism of action of ethyl acetate extract is attributed to cell wall disruption with highest leakages of Na+ and K+ in K. pneumoniae obtained at 350 Cmol/kg and 82 Cmol/kg respectively, while the highest leakage of proteins was obtained in S. aureus at 88.55±5.34 mg/ml. . These results conclude that the ethyl acetate extract of G. kola seeds is of best efficacy against the tested bacteria involved in throat infections.","PeriodicalId":13887,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research","volume":"94 1","pages":"253-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79602815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.6
Mohammad Abootaleb, Narjes Mohammadi Bandari
Background: The immune antigen of Bacillus anthracis is a protein that can attach to the surface receptor of all human cells. At the surface of cancer cells, there is a receptor that activates the uPA (Urokinase plasminogen) that do not exist in normal human cells. Objectives: The aim of this study was changing the location of the attachment of the PA gene by a directed mutation in order to attach only to the cancer cells.Methods: PA gene was extracted from the pMNA1 plasmid. The mutation on the PA gene was made by Overlap Extension PCR. The mutated segment was transferred to DH5α; the strain of Escherichia coli. With TA coning carrier. By restriction enzymes Hind III and BamH I the mutated PA gene was extracted and transferred to pWB980 and by electroporation method, it was transferred to the WB600 strain.Results: In this study, the mutation was occurred in sequences of PA gene by SOE PCR method resulting in a change in the genetic code of amino acid 194. The occurrence of mutation was confirmed by determining base sequences. Conclusion: Cancer is a severe disease that has a major impact on large groups of people which the problem of cancer is a leading cause of death across the world. One of the treatment methods of cancer is bacterial toxins if only cancer cells receive them. Therefore, these mutated PA proteins can be effective as novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer.
{"title":"In vitro elaboration Mutagenesis and cloning of the PA gene in Bacillus subtilis","authors":"Mohammad Abootaleb, Narjes Mohammadi Bandari","doi":"10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The immune antigen of Bacillus anthracis is a protein that can attach to the surface receptor of all human cells. At the surface of cancer cells, there is a receptor that activates the uPA (Urokinase plasminogen) that do not exist in normal human cells. Objectives: The aim of this study was changing the location of the attachment of the PA gene by a directed mutation in order to attach only to the cancer cells.Methods: PA gene was extracted from the pMNA1 plasmid. The mutation on the PA gene was made by Overlap Extension PCR. The mutated segment was transferred to DH5α; the strain of Escherichia coli. With TA coning carrier. By restriction enzymes Hind III and BamH I the mutated PA gene was extracted and transferred to pWB980 and by electroporation method, it was transferred to the WB600 strain.Results: In this study, the mutation was occurred in sequences of PA gene by SOE PCR method resulting in a change in the genetic code of amino acid 194. The occurrence of mutation was confirmed by determining base sequences. Conclusion: Cancer is a severe disease that has a major impact on large groups of people which the problem of cancer is a leading cause of death across the world. One of the treatment methods of cancer is bacterial toxins if only cancer cells receive them. Therefore, these mutated PA proteins can be effective as novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer.","PeriodicalId":13887,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"284-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88712972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.3
M. Zarei, M. Babaei
Background:Melanogenesis begins with the oxidation of L-tyrosine to L-Dopa by tyrosinase. Inhibition of tyrosinase could be effective in treatment of complications such as skin lesions, eczema and melasma. Inhibition of tyrosinase could be effective in treatment of those complications. The aim of this study was to determine inhibitory activity on tyrosinase and antioxidant activity of Astragalus siliquosus Bioss. and Verbascum phoeniceum L. Methods:Methanol extracts of organs of the plants were prepared by maceration. Inhibitory effects of the extracts were evaluated in 96 wells at 492 nm wavelength. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging index and iron reduction test. Results;For A.siliquosus, maximum inhibitory activity was of its flower extract (97% inhibition and IC50=1.58 mg/ml) and of its stem extract (100 % and IC50=2.1 mg/ml). For V.phoeniceum, the highest inhibitory activity was of its leaf extract (87% inhibition and IC50=3.2 mg/ml). Flower extract of A.siliquosus showed mixed Uncompetitive-Non-competitive pattern of inhibitory activity, while the extract of the V.phoeniceum leaf showed mixed Competitive-Non-competitive inhibitory pattern. All aerial parts of the A.siliquosus had 100% antioxidant activity with EC50s of 0.089, 1.78, 1.25 mg/ml for its flower, leaf and stem respectively. Leaves of the V.phoeniceum had a 100% antioxidant activity, with EC50 of 0.013 mg/ml. Conclusions:Methanol extracts of flower and leaf organs of A.siliquosus, and leaf organ of V.phoeniceum, had a reasonable inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity. Feature studies could be focused on those organs to separate potential agents with pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.
{"title":"Inhibitory activity on tyrosinase and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of various aerial parts of Astragalus siliquosus Bioss. and Verbascum phoeniceum L.","authors":"M. Zarei, M. Babaei","doi":"10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Melanogenesis begins with the oxidation of L-tyrosine to L-Dopa by tyrosinase. Inhibition of tyrosinase could be effective in treatment of complications such as skin lesions, eczema and melasma. Inhibition of tyrosinase could be effective in treatment of those complications. The aim of this study was to determine inhibitory activity on tyrosinase and antioxidant activity of Astragalus siliquosus Bioss. and Verbascum phoeniceum L. Methods:Methanol extracts of organs of the plants were prepared by maceration. Inhibitory effects of the extracts were evaluated in 96 wells at 492 nm wavelength. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging index and iron reduction test. Results;For A.siliquosus, maximum inhibitory activity was of its flower extract (97% inhibition and IC50=1.58 mg/ml) and of its stem extract (100 % and IC50=2.1 mg/ml). For V.phoeniceum, the highest inhibitory activity was of its leaf extract (87% inhibition and IC50=3.2 mg/ml). Flower extract of A.siliquosus showed mixed Uncompetitive-Non-competitive pattern of inhibitory activity, while the extract of the V.phoeniceum leaf showed mixed Competitive-Non-competitive inhibitory pattern. All aerial parts of the A.siliquosus had 100% antioxidant activity with EC50s of 0.089, 1.78, 1.25 mg/ml for its flower, leaf and stem respectively. Leaves of the V.phoeniceum had a 100% antioxidant activity, with EC50 of 0.013 mg/ml. Conclusions:Methanol extracts of flower and leaf organs of A.siliquosus, and leaf organ of V.phoeniceum, had a reasonable inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity. Feature studies could be focused on those organs to separate potential agents with pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.","PeriodicalId":13887,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"242-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76693565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.41
Ghazal Ali Ramaji, A. Nazemi
Background: Thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel that prevents blood flow in the blood circulatory system. Nowadays thrombosis is one of the causes of mortality in human societies. Thrombosis can be caused by genetic disorders or environmental factors that help the formation of clots. Two common mutations of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene known as C677T and A1298C are realized as the effective factors for thrombophilia. The purpose of this study is to design a proper ARMS-PCR method for the diagnosis of these two mutations of MTHFR gene and the evaluation of its relationship with people suspected of thrombosis. Methods: first 50 samples suspected of thrombosis were collected from cases that had gone to laboratories for coagulation tests, then the genomic DNA of the samples was extracted using the proper commercial kit. Proper ARMS-PCR primers for C677T and A1298C mutations were designed and then synthesized. After the optimization of the ARMS-PCR reaction on the positive control sample, the reaction was carried out for all 50 samples. A number of mutated and non-mutated samples were studied for confirmation by the PCR-Sequencing method.Results: the results from the reaction showed that from 50 samples under study, after the optimization, 13 people had the C677T mutation (26%) from which 5 people had the homozygous genotype and 8 people had the Heterozygous genotype and for the A1298C mutation, 12 positive sample were found (24%) from which 7 people had the Heterozygous genotype and 5 people had the homozygous genotype.
{"title":"Development of ARMS-PCR method to detect two mutations of MTHFR gene(C677T,A1298C)in suspected cases of thrombosis","authors":"Ghazal Ali Ramaji, A. Nazemi","doi":"10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.3.41","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel that prevents blood flow in the blood circulatory system. Nowadays thrombosis is one of the causes of mortality in human societies. Thrombosis can be caused by genetic disorders or environmental factors that help the formation of clots. Two common mutations of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene known as C677T and A1298C are realized as the effective factors for thrombophilia. The purpose of this study is to design a proper ARMS-PCR method for the diagnosis of these two mutations of MTHFR gene and the evaluation of its relationship with people suspected of thrombosis. Methods: first 50 samples suspected of thrombosis were collected from cases that had gone to laboratories for coagulation tests, then the genomic DNA of the samples was extracted using the proper commercial kit. Proper ARMS-PCR primers for C677T and A1298C mutations were designed and then synthesized. After the optimization of the ARMS-PCR reaction on the positive control sample, the reaction was carried out for all 50 samples. A number of mutated and non-mutated samples were studied for confirmation by the PCR-Sequencing method.Results: the results from the reaction showed that from 50 samples under study, after the optimization, 13 people had the C677T mutation (26%) from which 5 people had the homozygous genotype and 8 people had the Heterozygous genotype and for the A1298C mutation, 12 positive sample were found (24%) from which 7 people had the Heterozygous genotype and 5 people had the homozygous genotype.","PeriodicalId":13887,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research","volume":"67 1","pages":"268-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89044253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.22034/IJABBR.2020.40572
Mahboba B. Naili, Asma Omar Errayes, R. Alghazeer, Wanisa, Abdussalam-Mohammed, M. Darwish
The aim of this study was to evaluate quantitatively the antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of the leaves extracts of Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.),belonging to the Myrtaceae family. The plant samples were collected from Tajoura eastern part of Tripoli in Libya. Methanol and water were used as solvents in the extraction. The phytochemical screening showed that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts had tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenes in varying proportions while alkaloid was the only exclusion in the methanolic extract.The water, methanol crude extracts as well as flavonoids extract were effective against both Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria: Buscillis subtils , Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi.The minimum inhibitory concentration MIC for flavonoids extract was 2.5 mg/ml .It was also found that both extracts (aqueous and methanolic) of the Guajava leaves showed reasonably high content of polyphenols.These results suggest that Psidium guajava L. is not only reliable natural source of antimicrobials but also potential sources of phenolic antioxidants and hence could be nominated for further intensive studies
{"title":"Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Psidium guajava L growing in Libya","authors":"Mahboba B. Naili, Asma Omar Errayes, R. Alghazeer, Wanisa, Abdussalam-Mohammed, M. Darwish","doi":"10.22034/IJABBR.2020.40572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IJABBR.2020.40572","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate quantitatively the antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of the leaves extracts of Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.),belonging to the Myrtaceae family. The plant samples were collected from Tajoura eastern part of Tripoli in Libya. Methanol and water were used as solvents in the extraction. The phytochemical screening showed that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts had tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenes in varying proportions while alkaloid was the only exclusion in the methanolic extract.The water, methanol crude extracts as well as flavonoids extract were effective against both Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria: Buscillis subtils , Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi.The minimum inhibitory concentration MIC for flavonoids extract was 2.5 mg/ml .It was also found that both extracts (aqueous and methanolic) of the Guajava leaves showed reasonably high content of polyphenols.These results suggest that Psidium guajava L. is not only reliable natural source of antimicrobials but also potential sources of phenolic antioxidants and hence could be nominated for further intensive studies","PeriodicalId":13887,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"419-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89371307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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