Pub Date : 2021-10-22DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214122
D. Malathi, R. Priyadharsini, D. Elango
Targeted cancer therapies, a recent development in cancer chemotherapy are drugs that block the growth and spread of cancer by interfering with specific molecules which are responsible for the progression of cancer, among which tyrosine kinase inhibitors play an important role. Erlotinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets the epidermal growth factor receptor and is a promising drug for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancers and unresectable metastatic pancreatic cancers. Adverse drug reactions are noxious and unintended responses to drugs that occur at doses normally used in man. Cancer chemotherapeutics are well known to cause a wide range of adverse effects from mild to serious ones. All anticancer drugs cause alopecia, gastrointestinal disturbances, skin and hair changes as they affect all the rapidly proliferating cells in addition to cancer cells. Erlotinib causes some less serious adverse effects, one of which is trichomegaly which is presented here in this case report. Though adverse reactions are generally undesirable, trichomegaly induced by erlotinib could be considered as a marker of good tumor response to treatment and a positive outcome. Moreover, this adverse effect could be exploited in the treatment of madarosis for which currently, treatment options are very few.
{"title":"Are all adverse effects undesirable? a case of chemotherapy induced adverse effect- an exception!?","authors":"D. Malathi, R. Priyadharsini, D. Elango","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214122","url":null,"abstract":"Targeted cancer therapies, a recent development in cancer chemotherapy are drugs that block the growth and spread of cancer by interfering with specific molecules which are responsible for the progression of cancer, among which tyrosine kinase inhibitors play an important role. Erlotinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets the epidermal growth factor receptor and is a promising drug for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancers and unresectable metastatic pancreatic cancers. Adverse drug reactions are noxious and unintended responses to drugs that occur at doses normally used in man. Cancer chemotherapeutics are well known to cause a wide range of adverse effects from mild to serious ones. All anticancer drugs cause alopecia, gastrointestinal disturbances, skin and hair changes as they affect all the rapidly proliferating cells in addition to cancer cells. Erlotinib causes some less serious adverse effects, one of which is trichomegaly which is presented here in this case report. Though adverse reactions are generally undesirable, trichomegaly induced by erlotinib could be considered as a marker of good tumor response to treatment and a positive outcome. Moreover, this adverse effect could be exploited in the treatment of madarosis for which currently, treatment options are very few.","PeriodicalId":13901,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82250231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-22DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214123
N. Soni
The purpose of the study was to find the merits and demerits of NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox 4) inhibitors. Nox inhibitors are tested from natural sources like green tea, plumbagin, Chinese formulas like Baoshenfang, Cudrania tricuspidata, Huangqi decoction and synthetic dual Nox inhibitors. Some of them activate and regulate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Some chunk the high glucose activated alleyway, dawdling the succession of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Overall, the benefits of NOX are: reducing oxidative damage, improving renal function, reducing podocyte injury, preventing interstitial fibrosis, regulating AMPK which inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), decreasing inflammation due to high glucose, protecting mesangial cells, decreasing collagen synthesis, and reducing glomerular hypertrophy. While targeting NOX in renal impairment, off-target effects, especially cardiovascular effects, are one of the major hurdles since diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with co-morbid cardiovascular problems.
{"title":"A brief study of Nox 4 inhibitors in diabetic nephropathy","authors":"N. Soni","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214123","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to find the merits and demerits of NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox 4) inhibitors. Nox inhibitors are tested from natural sources like green tea, plumbagin, Chinese formulas like Baoshenfang, Cudrania tricuspidata, Huangqi decoction and synthetic dual Nox inhibitors. Some of them activate and regulate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Some chunk the high glucose activated alleyway, dawdling the succession of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Overall, the benefits of NOX are: reducing oxidative damage, improving renal function, reducing podocyte injury, preventing interstitial fibrosis, regulating AMPK which inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), decreasing inflammation due to high glucose, protecting mesangial cells, decreasing collagen synthesis, and reducing glomerular hypertrophy. While targeting NOX in renal impairment, off-target effects, especially cardiovascular effects, are one of the major hurdles since diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with co-morbid cardiovascular problems.","PeriodicalId":13901,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75157551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Recently, several cases of mucormycosis in people with COVID-19 have been increasingly reported world-wide, in particular from India. Lipid formulations of amphotericin B are often used as first-line treatment. Present study aims to assess and analyze clinical outcome and toxicity in post-COVID suspected cases of mucormycosis treated with amphotericin B at dedicated COVID hospital.Methods: The present study was a prospective observational study conducted at government medical college, Jalgaon which was a dedicated COVID hospital. Clinically suspected cases of mucormycosis treated with Amphotericin B were included in the study. We collected the data of previous treatment records, demographics, comorbidities, laboratory investigations and clinical outcome from the case files of patients admitted with diagnosis of clinically suspected mucormycosis with history of COVID-19 infection.Results: Out of 57 patients, majority of them belonged to age group of 51-60 years comprising of 21 patients (37%) and 86% had involvement of one or more paranasal sinus/es. On analyzing prescription pattern and outcomes in patients of present study, it was found that majority of the patients had recovered completely comprising of 40 patients (70%), of which 21 patients (37%) had received liposomal amphotericin B, followed by lipid emulsion amphotericin B in 12 patients (21%).Conclusions: The present study was first of its kind to analyze the prescribing trend of amphotericin B and outcomes in clinically suspected post-COVID cases of mucormycosis. Liposomal amphotericin B was found to be more effective and safer in terms of better recovery rate and less adverse events.
{"title":"Clinical outcome and toxicity in post-COVID suspected cases of mucormycosis treated with amphotericin B at dedicated COVID hospital: a prospective observational study","authors":"Teli Sheikh Emaran Sheikh Ismail, Chetan Bhangale, Jaiprakash Ramanand, Harshal M. Mahajan","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214116","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recently, several cases of mucormycosis in people with COVID-19 have been increasingly reported world-wide, in particular from India. Lipid formulations of amphotericin B are often used as first-line treatment. Present study aims to assess and analyze clinical outcome and toxicity in post-COVID suspected cases of mucormycosis treated with amphotericin B at dedicated COVID hospital.Methods: The present study was a prospective observational study conducted at government medical college, Jalgaon which was a dedicated COVID hospital. Clinically suspected cases of mucormycosis treated with Amphotericin B were included in the study. We collected the data of previous treatment records, demographics, comorbidities, laboratory investigations and clinical outcome from the case files of patients admitted with diagnosis of clinically suspected mucormycosis with history of COVID-19 infection.Results: Out of 57 patients, majority of them belonged to age group of 51-60 years comprising of 21 patients (37%) and 86% had involvement of one or more paranasal sinus/es. On analyzing prescription pattern and outcomes in patients of present study, it was found that majority of the patients had recovered completely comprising of 40 patients (70%), of which 21 patients (37%) had received liposomal amphotericin B, followed by lipid emulsion amphotericin B in 12 patients (21%).Conclusions: The present study was first of its kind to analyze the prescribing trend of amphotericin B and outcomes in clinically suspected post-COVID cases of mucormycosis. Liposomal amphotericin B was found to be more effective and safer in terms of better recovery rate and less adverse events. ","PeriodicalId":13901,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91545877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-22DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214118
Thangamariyappan C., Deepika Karnan, Roshini G., M. K., Asok Kumar
Background: Drug utilization is defined as the marketting, distribution, prescribing and use of drugs in society. Various factors like quality, quantity, and cost of drugs plays an important role in selection of drug therapy. Hence we wanted to observe that drug utilization and prescribing pattern of antidepressants.Methods: A prospective observational study were conducted in a psychiatric department at RMMCH for a period of 6 months from November 2019 to April 2020. Sixty patients were enrolled and analysed to study the pattern and the world health organisation (WHO) prescribing indicators.Results: From 60 prescriptions, the most widely prescribed antidepressant drug escitalopram 21 (42%) as a combination drug citalinforte 30 (50%), linotril 21 (42%) lorazepam 12 (20%), haloperidol 6 (10%) and quitipin 3 (5%). Most commonly, depression was seen in age group between 31-40 years and males were more to depression than females. Most drugs were prescribed under brand names (55%) than generic drugs (45%). Monotherapy was the preferred drug pattern for the mild depression followed by dual therapy and triple therapy for moderate and severe depression respectively. The number of drugs which were prescribed from the WHO and national list of essential medicine (NLEM) was haloperidol (10%) and escitalopram (85%) respectively.Conclusions: Escitalopram was the commonly prescribed drug for depression followed by lorazepam, linotril and haloperidol. Monotherapy was most preferred, because of increased medication adherence, low ADRs, minimum cost and lesser drug interactions compared to other therapies.
{"title":"A study on prescribing pattern and drug utilization among depressed patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital","authors":"Thangamariyappan C., Deepika Karnan, Roshini G., M. K., Asok Kumar","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214118","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Drug utilization is defined as the marketting, distribution, prescribing and use of drugs in society. Various factors like quality, quantity, and cost of drugs plays an important role in selection of drug therapy. Hence we wanted to observe that drug utilization and prescribing pattern of antidepressants.Methods: A prospective observational study were conducted in a psychiatric department at RMMCH for a period of 6 months from November 2019 to April 2020. Sixty patients were enrolled and analysed to study the pattern and the world health organisation (WHO) prescribing indicators.Results: From 60 prescriptions, the most widely prescribed antidepressant drug escitalopram 21 (42%) as a combination drug citalinforte 30 (50%), linotril 21 (42%) lorazepam 12 (20%), haloperidol 6 (10%) and quitipin 3 (5%). Most commonly, depression was seen in age group between 31-40 years and males were more to depression than females. Most drugs were prescribed under brand names (55%) than generic drugs (45%). Monotherapy was the preferred drug pattern for the mild depression followed by dual therapy and triple therapy for moderate and severe depression respectively. The number of drugs which were prescribed from the WHO and national list of essential medicine (NLEM) was haloperidol (10%) and escitalopram (85%) respectively.Conclusions: Escitalopram was the commonly prescribed drug for depression followed by lorazepam, linotril and haloperidol. Monotherapy was most preferred, because of increased medication adherence, low ADRs, minimum cost and lesser drug interactions compared to other therapies.","PeriodicalId":13901,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"273 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82804357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-18DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214088
Anupama S. Desai, Neeta Banzal
Background: Conventionally, in most medical colleges, didactic lectures form a major part of teaching, however this method of teaching has many limitations. There has been a paradigm shift in teaching learning methods which now favor enhanced student involvement. Small group discussion (SGD) is one such method which has been frequently compared with didactic lectures. This study aims to compare these two teaching learning methods.Methods: This was a randomized prospective cross sectional, comparative study carried out with 120 second MBBS students of Pharmacology. The students were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was taught by conventional didactic method and group B learnt the same topic by SGD method. For the next topic there was a crossover. After a week students appeared for a test and were asked to fill a 5-point Likert scale perception analysis form.Results: The post-test average scores for didactic lecture were 6.42±2.43 and for SGD were 6.15±2.70 (p value 0.4167). About 88% students agree (50% strongly agree and 38% agree) that SGD is motivating, 85% student agree that SGD is interesting form of learning however 26% student feel that some student dominated in the SGD and 33% student felt more comfortable in lectures.Conclusions: The perception analysis showed that majority of the students found SGD better than didactic lectures in terms of learning, involvement, clearing doubts, increasing self-confidence however analysis of the test scores showed no statistically significant difference amongst the marks obtained after didactic lectures or small group discussion.
{"title":"Comparison of small group discussions and didactic lectures in pharmacology for medical undergraduate students","authors":"Anupama S. Desai, Neeta Banzal","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214088","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Conventionally, in most medical colleges, didactic lectures form a major part of teaching, however this method of teaching has many limitations. There has been a paradigm shift in teaching learning methods which now favor enhanced student involvement. Small group discussion (SGD) is one such method which has been frequently compared with didactic lectures. This study aims to compare these two teaching learning methods.Methods: This was a randomized prospective cross sectional, comparative study carried out with 120 second MBBS students of Pharmacology. The students were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was taught by conventional didactic method and group B learnt the same topic by SGD method. For the next topic there was a crossover. After a week students appeared for a test and were asked to fill a 5-point Likert scale perception analysis form.Results: The post-test average scores for didactic lecture were 6.42±2.43 and for SGD were 6.15±2.70 (p value 0.4167). About 88% students agree (50% strongly agree and 38% agree) that SGD is motivating, 85% student agree that SGD is interesting form of learning however 26% student feel that some student dominated in the SGD and 33% student felt more comfortable in lectures.Conclusions: The perception analysis showed that majority of the students found SGD better than didactic lectures in terms of learning, involvement, clearing doubts, increasing self-confidence however analysis of the test scores showed no statistically significant difference amongst the marks obtained after didactic lectures or small group discussion.","PeriodicalId":13901,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73596330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-18DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214091
A. Bhadury, Olivia Mukhopadhyay, Saswati Sarkar
Background: Pharmacovigilance programs have been introduced to keep an eye on adverse drug reactions and safe use of drugs. All Healthcare professionals (HCPs) should report each and every adverse events which they come across. Pharmacovigilance programme of India is running actively since 2010 but India contributes only 2% of Adverse drug reactions (ADR’s) reported worldwide. There is need to monitor awareness of HCP’s about pharmacovigilance to achieve the goals. Such studies from peripheries of Eastern India are lacking. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice and overall awareness among HCP’s about pharmacovigilance and to understand actual barriers of ADR reporting.Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was done in Burdwan Medical College and Hospital. Ninety-nine HCP’s completed the pre-designed questionnaire. There were 15 questions to assess the awareness and cause(s) of underreporting. Data were analysed using appropriate statistical software.Results: We analysed data of 67 doctors and 32 nurses. We found, 67.2% doctors and 59.4% nurses knew definition of pharmacovigilance. About half HCP’s had knowledge about existing pharmacovigilance committee in our hospital. Almost all HCP’s felt ADR reporting is necessary. Surprisingly 88.1% doctors and 46.9% nurses experienced ADR at least once but 25.4% and 3.1% reported them respectively. For knowledge and practice related questions, correct responses were significantly higher for doctors. Most common discouraging factors regarding ADR reporting were, didn’t know how to report (52.5%) where to report (41.4%).Conclusions: Attitude of HCP’s towards pharmacovigilance activities was appreciable and combining it with periodic sensitizing programs, and training sessions will increase the knowledge, clear doubts about ADR reporting and improve the awareness about pharmacovigilance.
{"title":"A questionnaire-based knowledge, attitude and practice study to determine the awareness of pharmacovigilance among the health care professionals in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal ","authors":"A. Bhadury, Olivia Mukhopadhyay, Saswati Sarkar","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214091","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pharmacovigilance programs have been introduced to keep an eye on adverse drug reactions and safe use of drugs. All Healthcare professionals (HCPs) should report each and every adverse events which they come across. Pharmacovigilance programme of India is running actively since 2010 but India contributes only 2% of Adverse drug reactions (ADR’s) reported worldwide. There is need to monitor awareness of HCP’s about pharmacovigilance to achieve the goals. Such studies from peripheries of Eastern India are lacking. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice and overall awareness among HCP’s about pharmacovigilance and to understand actual barriers of ADR reporting.Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was done in Burdwan Medical College and Hospital. Ninety-nine HCP’s completed the pre-designed questionnaire. There were 15 questions to assess the awareness and cause(s) of underreporting. Data were analysed using appropriate statistical software.Results: We analysed data of 67 doctors and 32 nurses. We found, 67.2% doctors and 59.4% nurses knew definition of pharmacovigilance. About half HCP’s had knowledge about existing pharmacovigilance committee in our hospital. Almost all HCP’s felt ADR reporting is necessary. Surprisingly 88.1% doctors and 46.9% nurses experienced ADR at least once but 25.4% and 3.1% reported them respectively. For knowledge and practice related questions, correct responses were significantly higher for doctors. Most common discouraging factors regarding ADR reporting were, didn’t know how to report (52.5%) where to report (41.4%).Conclusions: Attitude of HCP’s towards pharmacovigilance activities was appreciable and combining it with periodic sensitizing programs, and training sessions will increase the knowledge, clear doubts about ADR reporting and improve the awareness about pharmacovigilance.","PeriodicalId":13901,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81365481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-09DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214039
Husna Siddiqua, Ghulam Subhani
Background: Patients with diabetes are prone to have hypertension. Hypertension is risk factors for complications of the vascular system, cardiovascular diseases and leads to atherosclerosis. It has been estimated that the diabetics tend to have about two times more risk of having hypertension than the general population. Objective of current study is to study and compare the efficacy of azilsartan and ramipril in the management of Hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusMethods: randomized, prospective, open label comparative study was carried out among 60 known cases of diabetes mellitus type-2 with hypertension. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: group-A (N=30) taking ACE Inhibitor tablet ramipril 5 mg Once daily orally. Group-B (N=30) taking angiotensin II receptor antagonist tablet azilsartan 40 mg once daily orally. At the commencement of the trial, patients were subjected to thorough clinical examination with necessary investigations and base line values were recorded.Results: Both the groups were comparable for age, sex and treatment taken. There was a significant reduction in the mean arterial pressure (17.43 for azilsartan group vs. 14.5 for ramipril group) (mmHg), creatinine clearance (mean reduction of 18.8 for azilsartan group vs. 13.94 for ramipril group), and urinary albumin excretion (mean reduction of 29.74 in azilsartan group vs. 17.25 for ramipril group). In azilsartan group the reduction was more in all parameters compared to ramipril group without effecting renal parameters.Conclusions: Azilsartan was more effective in reducing the mean arterial pressure (mmHg), creatinine clearance as well as urinary albumin excretion in Hypertensive patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus without effecting renal parameters.
{"title":"A randomized, prospective, open label comparative study of the efficacy of azilsartan and ramipril in the management of hypertension in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Husna Siddiqua, Ghulam Subhani","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214039","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients with diabetes are prone to have hypertension. Hypertension is risk factors for complications of the vascular system, cardiovascular diseases and leads to atherosclerosis. It has been estimated that the diabetics tend to have about two times more risk of having hypertension than the general population. Objective of current study is to study and compare the efficacy of azilsartan and ramipril in the management of Hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusMethods: randomized, prospective, open label comparative study was carried out among 60 known cases of diabetes mellitus type-2 with hypertension. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: group-A (N=30) taking ACE Inhibitor tablet ramipril 5 mg Once daily orally. Group-B (N=30) taking angiotensin II receptor antagonist tablet azilsartan 40 mg once daily orally. At the commencement of the trial, patients were subjected to thorough clinical examination with necessary investigations and base line values were recorded.Results: Both the groups were comparable for age, sex and treatment taken. There was a significant reduction in the mean arterial pressure (17.43 for azilsartan group vs. 14.5 for ramipril group) (mmHg), creatinine clearance (mean reduction of 18.8 for azilsartan group vs. 13.94 for ramipril group), and urinary albumin excretion (mean reduction of 29.74 in azilsartan group vs. 17.25 for ramipril group). In azilsartan group the reduction was more in all parameters compared to ramipril group without effecting renal parameters.Conclusions: Azilsartan was more effective in reducing the mean arterial pressure (mmHg), creatinine clearance as well as urinary albumin excretion in Hypertensive patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus without effecting renal parameters.","PeriodicalId":13901,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73610197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-09DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214062
Malika Belkaeemi, Y. Merad, Abdellah Berber
Background: The major complication of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) therapy is bleeding. This study aimed to estimate the rate of hemorrhagic accidents and identify the hemorrhagic factors in Algerian patients treated by the VKA, acenocoumarol.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in patients undergoing VKA therapy, followed in the cardiology department of the University Hospital of Sidi Bel Abbes.Results: One hundred patients were included. We recorded 22 cases of bleeding. Overdose and concomitant use of drugs that interfere with the acenocoumarol effect are significant risk factors of bleeding.Conclusions: Knowledge of predictive factors for VKA-related excessive anticoagulation seems to be of the utmost importance for improving patient management. There is a need for a national registry to assess the efficacy and safety of drug use in the short and long term. This pilot study is a cornerstone in the development of oral anticoagulation therapy monitoring in our region.
{"title":"Frequency of bleeding complications in Algerian patients treated with the vitamin K antagonist acenocoumarol and associated factors","authors":"Malika Belkaeemi, Y. Merad, Abdellah Berber","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214062","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The major complication of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) therapy is bleeding. This study aimed to estimate the rate of hemorrhagic accidents and identify the hemorrhagic factors in Algerian patients treated by the VKA, acenocoumarol.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in patients undergoing VKA therapy, followed in the cardiology department of the University Hospital of Sidi Bel Abbes.Results: One hundred patients were included. We recorded 22 cases of bleeding. Overdose and concomitant use of drugs that interfere with the acenocoumarol effect are significant risk factors of bleeding.Conclusions: Knowledge of predictive factors for VKA-related excessive anticoagulation seems to be of the utmost importance for improving patient management. There is a need for a national registry to assess the efficacy and safety of drug use in the short and long term. This pilot study is a cornerstone in the development of oral anticoagulation therapy monitoring in our region.","PeriodicalId":13901,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89647194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-23DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20213750
A. Patel, K. Saxena, Arvind Panwar
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic demanded lockdown to control the spread of disease, inevitably medical colleges are also affected and online mode of teaching has become a solution for continuity of teaching in medical colleges. The main purpose of study to identify perception of medical students towards online and offline mode of lectures by parameters as follows: knowledge, understanding, skills and methodology.Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study with duration of three months. A well- articulated set of questionnaires based on knowledge, understanding, skills and methodology parameters will be circulated among the second-year undergraduate medical students from SMIMER, Surat.Results: About 82% of the students perceived that offline mode of lectures provide more information of subject and helps with better retention of knowledge. Only 21.5% students were in favour of online mode for being able to understand lecture content. For the development of the practical skills and clinical training, 97% of the participants favoured offline mode. However, 67% of the participants believe online mode of lectures save their time and work well with their schedule.Conclusions: Majority of students perceived that offline mode of lectures provide more information of subjects and better retention of knowledge. According to them offline mode of lectures is easy to understand and improved conceptual thinking. For development of clinical and practical skills offline mode of lectures is mandatory. But, majority of students perceived that online learning provide flexibility in participation of lectures and time saving method.
{"title":"A perceptional analysis of online and offline mode of lectures in second year undergraduate medical students at SMIMER medical college, Surat","authors":"A. Patel, K. Saxena, Arvind Panwar","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20213750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20213750","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic demanded lockdown to control the spread of disease, inevitably medical colleges are also affected and online mode of teaching has become a solution for continuity of teaching in medical colleges. The main purpose of study to identify perception of medical students towards online and offline mode of lectures by parameters as follows: knowledge, understanding, skills and methodology.Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study with duration of three months. A well- articulated set of questionnaires based on knowledge, understanding, skills and methodology parameters will be circulated among the second-year undergraduate medical students from SMIMER, Surat.Results: About 82% of the students perceived that offline mode of lectures provide more information of subject and helps with better retention of knowledge. Only 21.5% students were in favour of online mode for being able to understand lecture content. For the development of the practical skills and clinical training, 97% of the participants favoured offline mode. However, 67% of the participants believe online mode of lectures save their time and work well with their schedule.Conclusions: Majority of students perceived that offline mode of lectures provide more information of subjects and better retention of knowledge. According to them offline mode of lectures is easy to understand and improved conceptual thinking. For development of clinical and practical skills offline mode of lectures is mandatory. But, majority of students perceived that online learning provide flexibility in participation of lectures and time saving method.","PeriodicalId":13901,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75142221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-23DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20213754
N. Soni
The main purpose of this review was to ascertain the clinical application and future non oncological uses of Berbaminebamine (BERBAMINE). Berbaminebamine, as a STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription) inhibitor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and modulator of many signalling pathways, should be investigated in autoimmune diseases. Berbaminebamine has been found to have pharmacological activity in the following cancers: breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, glioblastoma, colon cancer, bladder cancer, chronic myeloid leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, triple negative breast cancer and osteosarcoma. Ischemic reperfusion injury, melanoma, COVID-19 and allergy diseases are among the conditions for which it is beneficial. It may aid in the treatment of obesity, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory syndrome, sepsis, COVID-19, dengue fever, Nipah virus infection, influenza, solid tumors, lymphoma, cancer, hematological malignancies, skin inflammatory disorder and atopic dermatitis. BERBAMINE can be used as versatile molecule in alcoholic liver disease, diabetic nephropathy and antiviral, anti-inflammatory.
{"title":"Berbamine application beyond cancer","authors":"N. Soni","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20213754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20213754","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this review was to ascertain the clinical application and future non oncological uses of Berbaminebamine (BERBAMINE). Berbaminebamine, as a STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription) inhibitor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and modulator of many signalling pathways, should be investigated in autoimmune diseases. Berbaminebamine has been found to have pharmacological activity in the following cancers: breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, glioblastoma, colon cancer, bladder cancer, chronic myeloid leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, triple negative breast cancer and osteosarcoma. Ischemic reperfusion injury, melanoma, COVID-19 and allergy diseases are among the conditions for which it is beneficial. It may aid in the treatment of obesity, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory syndrome, sepsis, COVID-19, dengue fever, Nipah virus infection, influenza, solid tumors, lymphoma, cancer, hematological malignancies, skin inflammatory disorder and atopic dermatitis. BERBAMINE can be used as versatile molecule in alcoholic liver disease, diabetic nephropathy and antiviral, anti-inflammatory.","PeriodicalId":13901,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89525139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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