Claire O. Kisamore, Caleb A. Kisamore, William H. Walker II
Background
Circadian rhythms are approximately 24-hour cycles in physiological and behavioral processes. They are entrained to the external solar day via blue wavelength light. Disruptions in these intrinsic rhythms can lead to circadian dysfunction, which has several negative implications on human health, including cancer development and progression.
Aims
Here we review the molecular mechanisms of circadian disruption and their impact on tumor development and progression, discuss the interplay between circadian dysfunction and cancer in basic scientific studies and clinical data, and propose the potential clinical implications of these data that may be used to improve patient outcomes and reduce cost of treatment.
Materials & Methods
Using scientific literature databases, relevant studies were analyzed to draw overarching conclusions of the relationship between circadian rhythm dysruption and cancer.
Conclusions
Circadian disruption can be mediated by a number of environmental factors such as exposure to light at night, shift work, jetlag, and social jetlag which drive oncogenesis. Tumor growth and progression, as well as treatment, can lead to long-term alterations in circadian rhythms that negatively affect quality of life in cancer survivors.
{"title":"Circadian Rhythm Disruption in Cancer Survivors: From Oncogenesis to Quality of Life","authors":"Claire O. Kisamore, Caleb A. Kisamore, William H. Walker II","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70353","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70353","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Circadian rhythms are approximately 24-hour cycles in physiological and behavioral processes. They are entrained to the external solar day via blue wavelength light. Disruptions in these intrinsic rhythms can lead to circadian dysfunction, which has several negative implications on human health, including cancer development and progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here we review the molecular mechanisms of circadian disruption and their impact on tumor development and progression, discuss the interplay between circadian dysfunction and cancer in basic scientific studies and clinical data, and propose the potential clinical implications of these data that may be used to improve patient outcomes and reduce cost of treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials & Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using scientific literature databases, relevant studies were analyzed to draw overarching conclusions of the relationship between circadian rhythm dysruption and cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Circadian disruption can be mediated by a number of environmental factors such as exposure to light at night, shift work, jetlag, and social jetlag which drive oncogenesis. Tumor growth and progression, as well as treatment, can lead to long-term alterations in circadian rhythms that negatively affect quality of life in cancer survivors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70353","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to explore the development process of psychological resilience among adult patients with de novo acute leukemia.
Methods
This study utilized a descriptive qualitative approach, employing a purposeful sampling method to select a sample of 15 newly diagnosed patients with acute leukemia (AL) who underwent their initial induction chemotherapy treatment at the Hematology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the selected patients. Content analysis methodology was used to analyze, summarize, and extract themes from the collected data.
Results
Three categories emerged—namely, (1) negative period, (2) adaptive response phase, and (3) growth transformation period. The negative period occurs during the initial diagnosis and throughout the treatment cycle. However, influenced by both internal and external protective factors, including personal characteristics and social support, individuals enhance their psychological resilience through emotional regulation, mental adjustment, and adaptive strategies vis-à-vis healthcare decision-making and disease management. Overall, psychological resilience development follows an upward spiral trajectory.
Conclusions
This study identified that negative emotions and symptom clusters impede the development of patients' psychological resilience. Moreover, it revealed a substantial need for disease-related information among patients. Therefore, healthcare professionals should prioritize addressing the negative emotions of patients, early identification of protective factors, dynamic monitoring of symptom clusters, effective management, and provision of psychological counseling and interventions. Simultaneously, providing personalized, professional, and systematic disease-related information is vital for promoting psychological resilience development.
{"title":"Resilience Development Among Adult Patients With De Novo Acute Leukemia: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Danyang Li, Jing Li, Xinyu He, Meiyun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70343","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70343","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to explore the development process of psychological resilience among adult patients with de novo acute leukemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study utilized a descriptive qualitative approach, employing a purposeful sampling method to select a sample of 15 newly diagnosed patients with acute leukemia (AL) who underwent their initial induction chemotherapy treatment at the Hematology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the selected patients. Content analysis methodology was used to analyze, summarize, and extract themes from the collected data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three categories emerged—namely, (1) negative period, (2) adaptive response phase, and (3) growth transformation period. The negative period occurs during the initial diagnosis and throughout the treatment cycle. However, influenced by both internal and external protective factors, including personal characteristics and social support, individuals enhance their psychological resilience through emotional regulation, mental adjustment, and adaptive strategies vis-à-vis healthcare decision-making and disease management. Overall, psychological resilience development follows an upward spiral trajectory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified that negative emotions and symptom clusters impede the development of patients' psychological resilience. Moreover, it revealed a substantial need for disease-related information among patients. Therefore, healthcare professionals should prioritize addressing the negative emotions of patients, early identification of protective factors, dynamic monitoring of symptom clusters, effective management, and provision of psychological counseling and interventions. Simultaneously, providing personalized, professional, and systematic disease-related information is vital for promoting psychological resilience development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11504202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bukola O. Salami, Cindy Z. Kalenga, Mary Olukotun, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Aloysius Nwabugo Maduforo, Jesus A. Serrano-Lomelin, Modupe Tunde-Byass, Regine U. King, Solina Richter, Tehseen Ladha, Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan, Paul Bailey, Maria B. Ospina
Background
Breast and cervical cancers pose significant health challenges for women globally, emphasizing the critical importance of effective screening programs for early detection. In Canada, despite the implementation of accessible healthcare systems, ethnic and racialized disparities in cancer screening persist. This study aims to assess ethnic and racialized disparities in breast and cervical cancer screening in Canada.
Methods
Using 2015–2019 data from the Canadian Community Health Survey, we analyzed women aged 18–70 in distinct ethnic and racial groups. The primary outcome was mammography or Papanicolaou test (pap smear). The secondary outcome was time since the last screening. We used weighted multivariable logistic regression to estimate the odds of having a pap smear or mammography across the ethnic and racialized groups, adjusted for relevant covariates. Results were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
We included 14,628,067 women of which 72.5% were White, 8.4% Southeast Asian, 4.7% South Asian, 3.4% Indigenous, 2.7% Black, 2.0% West Asian, and 1.6% Latin American. In comparison with the White reference group, a higher odds ratio of not having a pap smear was estimated for the West Asian (5.63; CI 3.85, 8.23), South Asian (5.19; CI 3.79, 7.12), Southeast Asian (4.35; CI 3.46, 5.46), and Black groups (2.62; CI 1.82, 3.78). Disparities in mammography screening were found only for the Southeast Asian group with higher odds of not having screening (1.85; CI 1.15, 2.98) compared to the White reference group.
Conclusion
This study reveals significant disparities in pap smear and mammography screenings affecting various ethnic groups, particularly in West Asia, South Asian, and Black communities. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions, policies, and healthcare strategies to address these gaps and ensure equitable access to essential breast and cervical cancer prevention across all ethnicity.
背景：乳腺癌和宫颈癌对全球妇女的健康构成了重大挑战，强调了有效筛查计划对早期发现的极端重要性。在加拿大，尽管实施了无障碍医疗系统，但癌症筛查中的民族和种族差异依然存在。本研究旨在评估加拿大乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查中的民族和种族差异：利用 2015-2019 年加拿大社区健康调查的数据，我们对不同民族和种族群体中 18-70 岁的女性进行了分析。主要结果是乳房 X 射线照相术或巴氏涂片检查（子宫颈抹片检查）。次要结果是自上次筛查以来的时间。我们使用加权多变量逻辑回归估算了不同民族和种族群体接受子宫颈抹片检查或乳房 X 光检查的几率，并对相关协变量进行了调整。结果以几率比（ORs）和 95% 置信区间（CIs）的形式报告：我们纳入了 14,628,067 名妇女，其中白人占 72.5%，东南亚人占 8.4%，南亚人占 4.7%，土著人占 3.4%，黑人占 2.7%，西亚人占 2.0%，拉美人占 1.6%。与白人参照组相比，估计西亚人（5.63；CI 3.85，8.23）、南亚人（5.19；CI 3.79，7.12）、东南亚人（4.35；CI 3.46，5.46）和黑人（2.62；CI 1.82，3.78）未进行子宫颈抹片检查的几率比较大。只有东南亚人群体在乳腺放射摄影筛查方面存在差异，与白人参照群体相比，他们未进行筛查的几率更高（1.85；CI 1.15，2.98）：这项研究揭示了子宫颈抹片检查和乳房 X 射线照相术筛查中存在的巨大差异，这些差异影响着不同的种族群体，尤其是西亚、南亚和黑人社区。这些发现突出表明，迫切需要有针对性的干预措施、政策和医疗保健策略来解决这些差距，并确保所有种族都能公平地获得必要的乳腺癌和宫颈癌预防服务。
{"title":"Ethnic and racialized disparities in the use of screening services for pap smears and mammograms in Canada","authors":"Bukola O. Salami, Cindy Z. Kalenga, Mary Olukotun, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Aloysius Nwabugo Maduforo, Jesus A. Serrano-Lomelin, Modupe Tunde-Byass, Regine U. King, Solina Richter, Tehseen Ladha, Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan, Paul Bailey, Maria B. Ospina","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70021","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Breast and cervical cancers pose significant health challenges for women globally, emphasizing the critical importance of effective screening programs for early detection. In Canada, despite the implementation of accessible healthcare systems, ethnic and racialized disparities in cancer screening persist. This study aims to assess ethnic and racialized disparities in breast and cervical cancer screening in Canada.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using 2015–2019 data from the Canadian Community Health Survey, we analyzed women aged 18–70 in distinct ethnic and racial groups. The primary outcome was mammography or Papanicolaou test (pap smear). The secondary outcome was time since the last screening. We used weighted multivariable logistic regression to estimate the odds of having a pap smear or mammography across the ethnic and racialized groups, adjusted for relevant covariates. Results were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 14,628,067 women of which 72.5% were White, 8.4% Southeast Asian, 4.7% South Asian, 3.4% Indigenous, 2.7% Black, 2.0% West Asian, and 1.6% Latin American. In comparison with the White reference group, a higher odds ratio of not having a pap smear was estimated for the West Asian (5.63; CI 3.85, 8.23), South Asian (5.19; CI 3.79, 7.12), Southeast Asian (4.35; CI 3.46, 5.46), and Black groups (2.62; CI 1.82, 3.78). Disparities in mammography screening were found only for the Southeast Asian group with higher odds of not having screening (1.85; CI 1.15, 2.98) compared to the White reference group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reveals significant disparities in pap smear and mammography screenings affecting various ethnic groups, particularly in West Asia, South Asian, and Black communities. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions, policies, and healthcare strategies to address these gaps and ensure equitable access to essential breast and cervical cancer prevention across all ethnicity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuqi Wu, Canjun Li, Yin Yang, Tao Zhang, Jianyang Wang, Wanxiangfu Tang, Ningyou Li, Hua Bao, Xin Wang, Nan Bi
Introduction
There is an urgent clinical need to accurately predict the risk for disease progression in post-treatment NSCLC patients, yet current ctDNA mutation profiling approaches are limited by low sensitivity. We represent a non-invasive liquid biopsy assay utilizing cfDNA neomer profiling for predicting disease progression in 44 inoperable localized NSCLC patients.
Methods
A total of 97 plasma samples were collected at various time points during or post-treatments (TP1: 39, TP2: 33, TP3: 25). cfDNA neomer profiling, generated based on target sequencing data, was used to fit survival support vector machine models for each time point. Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) was performed to evaluate the models' predictive performances.
Results
Our cfDNA neomer profiling assay showed excellent performance in detecting patients with a high risk for disease progression. At TP1, the high-risk patients detected by our model showed an increased risk of 3.62 times (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.62, p = 0.0026) for disease progression, compared to 3.91 times (HR = 3.91, p = 0.0022) and 4.00 times (HR = 4.00, p = 0.019) for TP2 and TP3. These neomer profiling determined HRs were higher than the ctDNA mutation-based results (HR = 2.08, p = 0.074; HR = 1.49, p&#x02009;=&#x02009;0.61) at TP1 and TP3. At TP1, the predictive model reached 40% sensitivity at 92.9% specificity, outperforming the mutation-based method (40% sensitivity at 78.6% specificity), while the combination results reached a higher sensitivity (60%). Finally, the longitudinal analysis showed that the combination of neomer and ctDNA mutation-based results could predict disease progression with an excellent sensitivity of 88.9% at 80% specificity.
Conclusion
In conclusion, we developed a cfDNA neomer profiling assay for predicting disease progression in inoperable NSCLC patients. This assay showed increased predicting power during and post-treatment compared to the ctDNA mutation-based method, thus illustrating a great clinical potential to guide treatment decisions in inoperable NSCLC patients.
{"title":"Predicting Disease Progression in Inoperable Localized NSCLC Patients Using ctDNA Machine Learning Model","authors":"Yuqi Wu, Canjun Li, Yin Yang, Tao Zhang, Jianyang Wang, Wanxiangfu Tang, Ningyou Li, Hua Bao, Xin Wang, Nan Bi","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70316","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70316","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is an urgent clinical need to accurately predict the risk for disease progression in post-treatment NSCLC patients, yet current ctDNA mutation profiling approaches are limited by low sensitivity. We represent a non-invasive liquid biopsy assay utilizing cfDNA neomer profiling for predicting disease progression in 44 inoperable localized NSCLC patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 97 plasma samples were collected at various time points during or post-treatments (TP1: 39, TP2: 33, TP3: 25). cfDNA neomer profiling, generated based on target sequencing data, was used to fit survival support vector machine models for each time point. Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) was performed to evaluate the models' predictive performances.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our cfDNA neomer profiling assay showed excellent performance in detecting patients with a high risk for disease progression. At TP1, the high-risk patients detected by our model showed an increased risk of 3.62 times (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.62, <i>p</i> = 0.0026) for disease progression, compared to 3.91 times (HR = 3.91, <i>p</i> = 0.0022) and 4.00 times (HR = 4.00, <i>p</i> = 0.019) for TP2 and TP3. These neomer profiling determined HRs were higher than the ctDNA mutation-based results (HR = 2.08, <i>p</i> = 0.074; HR = 1.49, <i>p</i>&amp;#x02009;=&amp;#x02009;0.61) at TP1 and TP3. At TP1, the predictive model reached 40% sensitivity at 92.9% specificity, outperforming the mutation-based method (40% sensitivity at 78.6% specificity), while the combination results reached a higher sensitivity (60%). Finally, the longitudinal analysis showed that the combination of neomer and ctDNA mutation-based results could predict disease progression with an excellent sensitivity of 88.9% at 80% specificity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In conclusion, we developed a cfDNA neomer profiling assay for predicting disease progression in inoperable NSCLC patients. This assay showed increased predicting power during and post-treatment compared to the ctDNA mutation-based method, thus illustrating a great clinical potential to guide treatment decisions in inoperable NSCLC patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04014465</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11499892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenhui Zhao, Li Li, Mei He, Yan Li, Xiaoping Ma, Bing Zhao
Background
Emerging evidence has indicated possible efficacy benefit of platinum-based chemotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment for invasive ductal carcinoma triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, it has not been endorsed by current guidelines due to highly controversial results.
Materials and Methods
Present study aims to investigate predictive and prognostic roles concerning single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in XRCC1 and BRCA1, BRCA2 genes for early stage TNBC patients that received platinum-based neoadjuvant treatment. We prospectively enrolled women with stage IIB-IIIB TNBC that had progressed on neoadjuvant taxane and anthracycline-based chemotherapy at Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital. Tumor response and pathological complete response (pCR) rate were assessed. Invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Patients' blood samples were subject to Sanger sequencing to genotype XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln, BRCA1 s1799949, and BRCA2 rs206115. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were employed to investigate associations between SNPs and clinical characteristics with treatment response and pCR. A total of 45 patients were enrolled.
Results
The cohort showcased ORR of 44.4%, pCR of 28.9%, median iDFS of 22 months, and a 3-year OS of 73.3%. The A/G and G/G genotypes of BRCA1 rs1799949, and the T/T genotype of BRCA2 rs206115 were associated with higher responsive rate. Histologic grade of III and Ki67 expression > 65% were associated with low responsive rate. Moreover, the A/G genotype of BRCA1 rs1799949 and T/T genotype of BRCA2 rs206115 correlated to high pCR. The histologic III and T4 stage correlated to inferior iDFS. Carrier of BRCA1 rs1799949 G/G had the most favorable OS, carriers of A/A showed the poorest OS, and those with A/G genotype showed an intermediate OS.
Conclusions
Platinum-based chemotherapy might serve as a therapeutic option for TNBC patients who were resistant to anthracycline- and taxane-based neoadjuvant therapy. Our study identified several genetic and clinical features that might function as prognostic and predictive markers.
{"title":"Prognostic and Predictive Markers for Early Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated With Platinum-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy","authors":"Zhenhui Zhao, Li Li, Mei He, Yan Li, Xiaoping Ma, Bing Zhao","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70336","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70336","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emerging evidence has indicated possible efficacy benefit of platinum-based chemotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment for invasive ductal carcinoma triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, it has not been endorsed by current guidelines due to highly controversial results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Present study aims to investigate predictive and prognostic roles concerning single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in <i>XRCC1</i> and <i>BRCA1</i>, <i>BRCA2</i> genes for early stage TNBC patients that received platinum-based neoadjuvant treatment. We prospectively enrolled women with stage IIB-IIIB TNBC that had progressed on neoadjuvant taxane and anthracycline-based chemotherapy at Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital. Tumor response and pathological complete response (pCR) rate were assessed. Invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Patients' blood samples were subject to Sanger sequencing to genotype <i>XRCC1</i> Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln, <i>BRCA1</i> s1799949, and <i>BRCA2</i> rs206115. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were employed to investigate associations between SNPs and clinical characteristics with treatment response and pCR. A total of 45 patients were enrolled.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cohort showcased ORR of 44.4%, pCR of 28.9%, median iDFS of 22 months, and a 3-year OS of 73.3%. The A/G and G/G genotypes of <i>BRCA1</i> rs1799949, and the T/T genotype of <i>BRCA2</i> rs206115 were associated with higher responsive rate. Histologic grade of III and Ki67 expression > 65% were associated with low responsive rate. Moreover, the A/G genotype of <i>BRCA1</i> rs1799949 and T/T genotype of <i>BRCA2</i> rs206115 correlated to high pCR. The histologic III and T4 stage correlated to inferior iDFS. Carrier of <i>BRCA1</i> rs1799949 G/G had the most favorable OS, carriers of A/A showed the poorest OS, and those with A/G genotype showed an intermediate OS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Platinum-based chemotherapy might serve as a therapeutic option for TNBC patients who were resistant to anthracycline- and taxane-based neoadjuvant therapy. Our study identified several genetic and clinical features that might function as prognostic and predictive markers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11499949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dominik J. Ose, Emmanuel Adediran, Bayarmaa Mark, Krista Ocier, William A. Dunson JR, Cindy Turner, Belinda Taylor, Kim Svoboda, Andrew R. Post, Jennifer Leiser, Howard Colman, Cornelia M. Ulrich, Mia Hashibe
Objective
Current studies have indicated that diabetes mellitus (DM) is highly prevalent in patients with cancer, but there is little research on consequences on the well-being of patients during cancer treatment. This analysis evaluates the relationship between DM and patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in patients with cancer, using a large and well-characterized cohort.
Methods
This study utilized the Total Cancer Care protocol at the University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute. For this analysis, we integrated data from electronic health records, the Huntsman Cancer Registry, and routinely collected PRO questionnaires. We assessed the association between DM in patients with cancer and PRO scores for anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, and physical function using multiple linear regression and t-tests.
Results
The final cohort comprised 3512 patients with cancer, with a mean age of 57.8 years at cancer diagnosis. Of all patients, 49.1% (n = 1724) were female, with 82.0% (n = 2879) patients reporting PROs at least at one time point. Compared with patients who responded, nonresponders were more often female (p = 0.0035), less frequently non-Hispanic White (p = 0.0058), and had a higher BMI (p = 0.0759). Patients with cancer and diabetes had worse PRO scores for anxiety (p = 0.0003), depression (p < 0.0001), fatigue (p < 0.0001), pain interference (p < 0.0001), and physical function (p < 0.0001) compared to patients with cancer without diabetes. Significant associations between diabetes and PRO scores were observed for anxiety (β ± SE: 1.27 ± 0.48; p = 0.0076), depression (β ± SE: 1.46 ± 0.45; p = 0.0011), fatigue (β ± SE: 2.11 ± 0.52; p < 0.0001), pain interference (β ± SE: 1.42 ± 0.50; p = 0.0046), and physical function (β ± SE: −2.74 ± 0.48; p < 0.0001).
Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that patients with cancer and diabetes may be at greater risk for anxiety, depression, fatigue, higher pain interference, and reduced physical function. Strengthening diabetes management is imperative to address the negative impact of diabetes on PROs. In particular, this may be true for patients with skin, breast, prostate, and kidney cancer.
{"title":"The association of diabetes mellitus and routinely collected patient-reported outcomes in patients with cancer. A real-world cohort study","authors":"Dominik J. Ose, Emmanuel Adediran, Bayarmaa Mark, Krista Ocier, William A. Dunson JR, Cindy Turner, Belinda Taylor, Kim Svoboda, Andrew R. Post, Jennifer Leiser, Howard Colman, Cornelia M. Ulrich, Mia Hashibe","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70246","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70246","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current studies have indicated that diabetes mellitus (DM) is highly prevalent in patients with cancer, but there is little research on consequences on the well-being of patients during cancer treatment. This analysis evaluates the relationship between DM and patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in patients with cancer, using a large and well-characterized cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study utilized the Total Cancer Care protocol at the University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute. For this analysis, we integrated data from electronic health records, the Huntsman Cancer Registry, and routinely collected PRO questionnaires. We assessed the association between DM in patients with cancer and PRO scores for anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, and physical function using multiple linear regression and t-tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The final cohort comprised 3512 patients with cancer, with a mean age of 57.8 years at cancer diagnosis. Of all patients, 49.1% (<i>n</i> = 1724) were female, with 82.0% (<i>n</i> = 2879) patients reporting PROs at least at one time point. Compared with patients who responded, nonresponders were more often female (<i>p</i> = 0.0035), less frequently non-Hispanic White (<i>p</i> = 0.0058), and had a higher BMI (<i>p</i> = 0.0759). Patients with cancer and diabetes had worse PRO scores for anxiety (<i>p</i> = 0.0003), depression (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), fatigue (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), pain interference (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), and physical function (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) compared to patients with cancer without diabetes. Significant associations between diabetes and PRO scores were observed for anxiety (<i>β</i> ± SE: 1.27 ± 0.48; <i>p</i> = 0.0076), depression (<i>β</i> ± SE: 1.46 ± 0.45; <i>p</i> = 0.0011), fatigue (<i>β</i> ± SE: 2.11 ± 0.52; <i>p</i> < 0.0001), pain interference (<i>β</i> ± SE: 1.42 ± 0.50; <i>p</i> = 0.0046), and physical function (<i>β</i> ± SE: −2.74 ± 0.48; <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of this study suggest that patients with cancer and diabetes may be at greater risk for anxiety, depression, fatigue, higher pain interference, and reduced physical function. Strengthening diabetes management is imperative to address the negative impact of diabetes on PROs. In particular, this may be true for patients with skin, breast, prostate, and kidney cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel D. McCarty, Britton Trabert, David Kriebel, Morgan M. Millar, Brenda M. Birmann, Laurie Grieshober, Mollie E. Barnard, Lindsay J. Collin, Katherine A. Lawson-Michod, Brody Gibson, Jenna Sawatzki, Marjorie Carter, Valerie Yoder, Jeffrey A. Gilreath, Paul J. Shami, Jennifer A. Doherty
Background
Approximately one-third of US adults have a tattoo, and the prevalence is increasing. Tattooing can result in long-term exposure to carcinogens and inflammatory and immune responses.
Methods
We examined tattooing and risk of hematologic cancers in a population-based case–control study with 820 cases diagnosed 2019–2021 and 8200 frequency-matched controls, ages 18–79 years. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models.
Results
The prevalence of tattooing was 22% among Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) cases, 11% among non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cases, 16% among myeloid neoplasm cases, and 15% among controls. Though there were no clear patterns of associations between ever receiving a tattoo and risk of HL, NHL, or myeloid neoplasms overall, in analyses restricted to ages 20–60 years, ever receiving a tattoo (OR 2.06 [95% CI 1.01, 4.20]) and receiving a tattoo 10+ years prior (OR 2.64 [95% CI 1.23, 5.68]) were associated with an aggregated group of rarer mature B-cell NHLs. We also observed elevated risks for a 10+ year latency for myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myeloid leukemia (OR 1.48 [95% CI 0.40, 5.41], and OR 1.24 [95% CI 0.45, 3.43], respectively).
Conclusions
Though estimates were imprecise, we found some suggestive evidence that tattooing may be associated with an increased risk of certain hematologic cancer subtypes. With an estimated 46% prevalence of tattooing in US individuals ages 30–49, additional studies are needed to understand the degree to which these exposures may be associated with hematologic cancer risk.
背景：大约三分之一的美国成年人有纹身，而且这种现象还在不断增加。纹身可能导致长期暴露于致癌物质以及炎症和免疫反应：我们在一项基于人群的病例对照研究中研究了纹身与罹患血液系统癌症的风险，研究对象包括 820 例 2019-2021 年确诊的病例和 8200 例频率匹配的对照，年龄在 18-79 岁之间。我们使用多变量调整逻辑回归模型计算了几率比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）：结果：在霍奇金淋巴瘤（HL）病例中，纹身的流行率为 22%；在非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）病例中，纹身的流行率为 11%；在骨髓肿瘤病例中，纹身的流行率为 16%；在对照组中，纹身的流行率为 15%。虽然总体而言，曾经接受过纹身与罹患 HL、NHL 或髓样肿瘤的风险之间没有明显的关联模式，但在仅限于 20-60 岁的分析中，曾经接受过纹身（OR 2.06 [95% CI 1.01, 4.20]）和 10 年以上前接受过纹身（OR 2.64 [95% CI 1.23, 5.68]）与一组较罕见的成熟 B 细胞 NHL 相关。我们还观察到骨髓增生异常综合征和慢性髓性白血病潜伏期超过 10 年的风险升高（OR 分别为 1.48 [95% CI 0.40, 5.41] 和 OR 1.24 [95% CI 0.45, 3.43]）：尽管估计值并不精确，但我们发现了一些提示性证据，表明纹身可能与某些血液肿瘤亚型的风险增加有关。据估计，在 30-49 岁的美国人中，纹身的流行率为 46%，因此需要进行更多的研究，以了解这些暴露与血液学癌症风险的相关程度。
{"title":"Tattoos and Risk of Hematologic Cancer: A Population-Based Case–Control Study in Utah","authors":"Rachel D. McCarty, Britton Trabert, David Kriebel, Morgan M. Millar, Brenda M. Birmann, Laurie Grieshober, Mollie E. Barnard, Lindsay J. Collin, Katherine A. Lawson-Michod, Brody Gibson, Jenna Sawatzki, Marjorie Carter, Valerie Yoder, Jeffrey A. Gilreath, Paul J. Shami, Jennifer A. Doherty","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70260","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70260","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately one-third of US adults have a tattoo, and the prevalence is increasing. Tattooing can result in long-term exposure to carcinogens and inflammatory and immune responses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined tattooing and risk of hematologic cancers in a population-based case–control study with 820 cases diagnosed 2019–2021 and 8200 frequency-matched controls, ages 18–79 years. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of tattooing was 22% among Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) cases, 11% among non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cases, 16% among myeloid neoplasm cases, and 15% among controls. Though there were no clear patterns of associations between ever receiving a tattoo and risk of HL, NHL, or myeloid neoplasms overall, in analyses restricted to ages 20–60 years, ever receiving a tattoo (OR 2.06 [95% CI 1.01, 4.20]) and receiving a tattoo 10+ years prior (OR 2.64 [95% CI 1.23, 5.68]) were associated with an aggregated group of rarer mature B-cell NHLs. We also observed elevated risks for a 10+ year latency for myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myeloid leukemia (OR 1.48 [95% CI 0.40, 5.41], and OR 1.24 [95% CI 0.45, 3.43], respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Though estimates were imprecise, we found some suggestive evidence that tattooing may be associated with an increased risk of certain hematologic cancer subtypes. With an estimated 46% prevalence of tattooing in US individuals ages 30–49, additional studies are needed to understand the degree to which these exposures may be associated with hematologic cancer risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11499570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dionne Breij, Lars Hjorth, Eline Bouwman, Iris Walraven, Tomas Kepak, Katerina Kepakova, Riccardo Haupt, Monica Muraca, Irene Göttgens, Iridi Stollman, Jeanette Falck Winther, Anita Kienesberger, Hannah Gsell, Gisela Michel, Nicole Blijlevens, Saskia M. F. Pluijm, Katharina Roser, Roderick Skinner, Marleen Renard, Anne Uyttebroeck, Cecilia Follin, Helena J. H. van der Pal, Leontien C. M. Kremer, Jaqueline Loonen, Rosella Hermens, the PanCareFollowUp Consortium
Background
Childhood cancer survivors face high risks of adverse late health effects. Long-term follow-up care for childhood cancer survivors is crucial to improve their health and quality of life. However, implementation remains a challenge. To support implementation of high-quality long-term follow-up care, we explored expected barriers and facilitators for establishing this follow-up care among healthcare providers from four European clinics.
Methods
A qualitative study was conducted using four focus groups comprising 30 healthcare providers in total. The semi-structured interview guide was developed based on the Grol and Wensing framework. Data was analyzed following a thematic analysis, combining both inductive and deductive approaches to identify barriers and facilitators across the six levels of Grol and Wensing: innovation, professional, patient, social, organizational and economic and political.
Results
Most barriers were identified on the organizational level, including insufficient staff, time, capacity and psychosocial support. Other main barriers included limited knowledge of late effects among healthcare providers outside the long-term follow-up care team, inability of some survivors to complete the survivor questionnaire and financial resources. Main facilitators included motivated healthcare providers and survivors, a skilled hospital team, collaborations with important stakeholders like general practitioners, and psychosocial care facilities, utilization of the international collaboration and reporting long-term follow-up care results to convince hospital managers.
Conclusion
This study identified several factors for successful implementation of long-term follow-up care for childhood cancer survivors. Our findings showed that specific attention should be given to knowledge, capacity, and financial issues, along with addressing psychosocial issues of survivors.
{"title":"Healthcare providers' expected barriers and facilitators to the implementation of person-centered long-term follow-up care for childhood cancer survivors: A PanCareFollowUp study","authors":"Dionne Breij, Lars Hjorth, Eline Bouwman, Iris Walraven, Tomas Kepak, Katerina Kepakova, Riccardo Haupt, Monica Muraca, Irene Göttgens, Iridi Stollman, Jeanette Falck Winther, Anita Kienesberger, Hannah Gsell, Gisela Michel, Nicole Blijlevens, Saskia M. F. Pluijm, Katharina Roser, Roderick Skinner, Marleen Renard, Anne Uyttebroeck, Cecilia Follin, Helena J. H. van der Pal, Leontien C. M. Kremer, Jaqueline Loonen, Rosella Hermens, the PanCareFollowUp Consortium","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70225","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70225","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Childhood cancer survivors face high risks of adverse late health effects. Long-term follow-up care for childhood cancer survivors is crucial to improve their health and quality of life. However, implementation remains a challenge. To support implementation of high-quality long-term follow-up care, we explored expected barriers and facilitators for establishing this follow-up care among healthcare providers from four European clinics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative study was conducted using four focus groups comprising 30 healthcare providers in total. The semi-structured interview guide was developed based on the Grol and Wensing framework. Data was analyzed following a thematic analysis, combining both inductive and deductive approaches to identify barriers and facilitators across the six levels of Grol and Wensing: innovation, professional, patient, social, organizational and economic and political.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most barriers were identified on the organizational level, including insufficient staff, time, capacity and psychosocial support. Other main barriers included limited knowledge of late effects among healthcare providers outside the long-term follow-up care team, inability of some survivors to complete the survivor questionnaire and financial resources. Main facilitators included motivated healthcare providers and survivors, a skilled hospital team, collaborations with important stakeholders like general practitioners, and psychosocial care facilities, utilization of the international collaboration and reporting long-term follow-up care results to convince hospital managers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified several factors for successful implementation of long-term follow-up care for childhood cancer survivors. Our findings showed that specific attention should be given to knowledge, capacity, and financial issues, along with addressing psychosocial issues of survivors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeinab Hesami, Meysam Olfatifar, Amir Sadeghi, Mohammad Reza Zali, Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh, Mohammad Amin Habibi, Mohammad Reza Ghadir, Hamidreza Houri
Background
Despite remarkable progress in contemporary medical technology and enhanced survival outcomes for various cancer types, pancreatic cancer (PC) continues to stand out as a particularly deadly gastrointestinal malignancy. Given a persistent rise in both incidence and the corresponding mortality rates of PC globally, evaluations of PC burden by sex are of great importance. Here, we used the illness-death multi-state model (IDM) to forecast the prevalence of PC through the year 2040.
Methods
IDM was established based on obtainable data to predict the future prevalence of PC on global, regional, and national scales from 2019 to 2040. Analyses were also performed regarding sex and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are presented for all estimates.
Results
The projected prevalence rate for 2040 is anticipated to be 6.093 ([95% CI 5.47–6.786] per 100,000) worldwide, indicating a significant increase of 31.45% since 1990, and a 12.29% increase since 2019. The estimated average annual increase since 2020 was 0.5%. Considering sex differences, females are expected to have a steeper slope in prevalence rate than males. Intriguingly, when considering the percentage changes between the periods of 2019–2040 and 1990–2019 for both sexes, females exhibited 29% and 11% increase relative to males (2.6-fold greater increase).
Conclusions
By 2040, it is predicted that the prevalence of PC will increase globally, with women being at higher risk of developing the disease. Considering the percentage changes, regions with lower socioeconomic status are anticipated to face a greater risk of experiencing PC compared to other geographical areas.
背景：尽管当代医疗技术取得了巨大进步，各种癌症的生存率也有所提高，但胰腺癌（PC）仍然是一种特别致命的消化道恶性肿瘤。鉴于全球 PC 发病率和相应死亡率的持续上升，按性别对 PC 负担进行评估具有重要意义。在此，我们利用疾病-死亡多态模型（IDM）预测了到 2040 年的 PC 发病率：方法：根据可获得的数据建立 IDM，预测 2019 年至 2040 年全球、地区和国家范围内 PC 的未来患病率。同时还对性别进行了分析，并给出了所有估计值的 95% 置信区间 (CI)：结果：预计 2040 年全球患病率为每 10 万人 6.093 例（[95% CI 5.47-6.786] ），表明自 1990 年以来显著增加了 31.45%，自 2019 年以来增加了 12.29%。估计自 2020 年以来的年均增长率为 0.5%。考虑到性别差异，预计女性患病率的斜率将高于男性。耐人寻味的是，如果考虑到 2019-2040 年期间与 1990-2019 年期间男女的百分比变化，女性比男性分别增加了 29% 和 11%（增幅为男性的 2.6 倍）：结论：据预测，到 2040 年，全球 PC 患病率将上升，女性患病风险更高。考虑到百分比变化，与其他地区相比，社会经济地位较低的地区预计将面临更大的PC患病风险。
{"title":"Global Trend in Pancreatic Cancer Prevalence Rates Through 2040: An Illness-Death Modeling Study","authors":"Zeinab Hesami, Meysam Olfatifar, Amir Sadeghi, Mohammad Reza Zali, Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh, Mohammad Amin Habibi, Mohammad Reza Ghadir, Hamidreza Houri","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70318","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70318","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite remarkable progress in contemporary medical technology and enhanced survival outcomes for various cancer types, pancreatic cancer (PC) continues to stand out as a particularly deadly gastrointestinal malignancy. Given a persistent rise in both incidence and the corresponding mortality rates of PC globally, evaluations of PC burden by sex are of great importance. Here, we used the illness-death multi-state model (IDM) to forecast the prevalence of PC through the year 2040.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IDM was established based on obtainable data to predict the future prevalence of PC on global, regional, and national scales from 2019 to 2040. Analyses were also performed regarding sex and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are presented for all estimates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The projected prevalence rate for 2040 is anticipated to be 6.093 ([95% CI 5.47–6.786] per 100,000) worldwide, indicating a significant increase of 31.45% since 1990, and a 12.29% increase since 2019. The estimated average annual increase since 2020 was 0.5%. Considering sex differences, females are expected to have a steeper slope in prevalence rate than males. Intriguingly, when considering the percentage changes between the periods of 2019–2040 and 1990–2019 for both sexes, females exhibited 29% and 11% increase relative to males (2.6-fold greater increase).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By 2040, it is predicted that the prevalence of PC will increase globally, with women being at higher risk of developing the disease. Considering the percentage changes, regions with lower socioeconomic status are anticipated to face a greater risk of experiencing PC compared to other geographical areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anti-angiogenic therapies prolong patient survival in some malignancies but not glioblastoma. We focused on the relationship between the differentiation of glioma stem like cells (GSCs) into tumor derived endothelial cells (TDECs) and, anti-angiogenic therapy resistance. Especially we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of drug resistance of TDECs to anti-angiogenic inhibitors and identify novel anti-angiogenic drugs with clinical applications.
Results
The mouse GSCs, 005, were differentiated into TDECs under hypoxic conditions, and TDECs had endothelial cell characteristics independent of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. In vivo, inhibition of the VEGF pathway had no anti-tumor effect and increased the percentage of TDECs in the 005 mouse model. Novel anti-angiogenic drugs for glioblastoma were evaluated using a tube formation assay and a drug repositioning strategy with existing blood–brain barrier permeable drugs. Drug screening revealed that the antidepressant sertraline inhibited tube formation of TDECs. Sertraline was administered to differentiated TDECs in vitro and 005 mouse models in vivo to evaluate genetic changes by RNA-Seq and tumor regression effects by immunohistochemistry and MRI. Sertraline reduced Lama4 and Ang2 expressions of TDEC, which play an important role in non-VEGF-mediated angiogenesis in tumors. The combination of a VEGF receptor inhibitor axitinib, and sertraline improved survival and reduced tumor growth in the 005 mouse model.
Conclusion
Collectively, our findings showed the diversity of tumor vascular endothelial cells across VEGF and non-VEGF pathways led to anti-angiogenic resistance. The combination of axitinib and sertraline can represent an effective anti-angiogenic therapy for glioblastoma with safe, low cost, and fast availability.
{"title":"New Anti-Angiogenic Therapy for Glioblastoma With the Anti-Depressant Sertraline","authors":"Nobushige Tsuboi, Yoshihiro Otani, Atsuhito Uneda, Joji Ishida, Yasuki Suruga, Yuji Matsumoto, Atsushi Fujimura, Kentaro Fujii, Hideki Matsui, Kazuhiko Kurozumi, Isao Date, Hiroyuki Michiue","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70288","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.70288","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anti-angiogenic therapies prolong patient survival in some malignancies but not glioblastoma. We focused on the relationship between the differentiation of glioma stem like cells (GSCs) into tumor derived endothelial cells (TDECs) and, anti-angiogenic therapy resistance. Especially we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of drug resistance of TDECs to anti-angiogenic inhibitors and identify novel anti-angiogenic drugs with clinical applications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mouse GSCs, 005, were differentiated into TDECs under hypoxic conditions, and TDECs had endothelial cell characteristics independent of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. In vivo, inhibition of the VEGF pathway had no anti-tumor effect and increased the percentage of TDECs in the 005 mouse model. Novel anti-angiogenic drugs for glioblastoma were evaluated using a tube formation assay and a drug repositioning strategy with existing blood–brain barrier permeable drugs. Drug screening revealed that the antidepressant sertraline inhibited tube formation of TDECs. Sertraline was administered to differentiated TDECs in vitro and 005 mouse models in vivo to evaluate genetic changes by RNA-Seq and tumor regression effects by immunohistochemistry and MRI. Sertraline reduced Lama4 and Ang2 expressions of TDEC, which play an important role in non-VEGF-mediated angiogenesis in tumors. The combination of a VEGF receptor inhibitor axitinib, and sertraline improved survival and reduced tumor growth in the 005 mouse model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Collectively, our findings showed the diversity of tumor vascular endothelial cells across VEGF and non-VEGF pathways led to anti-angiogenic resistance. The combination of axitinib and sertraline can represent an effective anti-angiogenic therapy for glioblastoma with safe, low cost, and fast availability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"13 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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