Cancer Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Contemporary Area-Level Mortgage Loan Denial Risk and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Cancer Survivors","authors":"Jordyn A. Brown,&nbsp;Taylor D. Ellington,&nbsp;Leah Moubadder,&nbsp;Maya Bliss,&nbsp;Anjali D. Kumar,&nbsp;Chantel L. Martin,&nbsp;Laura Farnan,&nbsp;Adrian Gerstel,&nbsp;Lauren E. McCullough,&nbsp;Hazel B. Nichols","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71433","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71433","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Historical and contemporary mortgage lending practices have been associated with worse cancer outcomes. We estimated the association between mortgage loan denial risk and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among survivors at a large tertiary medical center in North Carolina (NC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mortgage denial risk, calculated using Home Mortgage Disclosure Act data (2010–2014), was linked by census tract to UNC Cancer Survivorship Cohort survivors who resided within NC metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs). HRQoL was measured using the validated Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). Differences in well-being across seven MSAs were assessed using Pearson chi-square tests and modified Poisson regression models adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 40% of survivors reported low overall well-being, while more than one-third of survivors reported low physical, social, emotional, or functional well-being. FACT-G scores were 6.2 (95% CI: 1.5, 10.9) points lower among Greensboro survivors; 4.1 (95% CI: 0.1, 8.1) points lower among Fayetteville MSA survivors; and 9.6 (95% CI: 2.5, 16.8) points lower among Charlotte survivors at a higher risk for mortgage loan denial compared to those at lower risk. Racial differences in FACT-G scores were only observed among Greensboro and Charlotte MSA survivors, whereas sex differences were limited to Charlotte survivors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mortgage loan denial was associated with worse overall HRQoL in Greensboro, Fayetteville, and Charlotte, but not in other NC MSAs. Further investigation into the role of place in other NC MSAs is needed to identify opportunities to support survivors across the cancer control continuum.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12710087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145766630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Real-World Data on Inotuzumab Ozogamicin for Adult Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A GRELAL-Chile Study”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71385","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71385","url":null,"abstract":"<p>M. Espinoza, J. Rojas-Vallejos, N. Rodríguez, et al., “Real-World Data on Inotuzumab Ozogamicin for Adult Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A GRELAL-Chile Study,” Cancer Med 14, no. 18 (2025): e71230. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71230.</p><p>The error concerns the omission of an additional institutional affiliation for the following authors: Lucas Cárcamo, Agatha Larrazabal, Edgar Zapata, and Joaquín Jerez.</p><p>These authors also hold an additional institutional affiliation that was not included in the final published version: Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile.</p><p>The corrected affiliations should read as follows:</p><p>Lucas Cárcamo: Hospital Gustavo Fricke, Viña del Mar, Chile; Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile.</p><p>Agatha Larrazabal: Hematology Resident, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile.</p><p>Edgar Zapata: Hematology Resident, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile.</p><p>Joaquín Jerez: PhD Program in Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile.</p><p>The authors apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12706641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145761636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third-Generation EGFR-TKIs in T790M-Negative NSCLC After First/Second-Generation EGFR-TKI Failure: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Zhen Cheng,&nbsp;Jiali Dong,&nbsp;Huihao Lu,&nbsp;Chuhong Huang,&nbsp;Shujun Li,&nbsp;Yanming Lin,&nbsp;Yuting Chen,&nbsp;Yongcun Wang,&nbsp;Yanli Mo,&nbsp;Zhixiong Yang,&nbsp;Wenmei Su","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71302","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71302","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients resistant to first- or second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), only half develop the T790M mutation and thus qualify for the treatment using third-generation EGFR-TKIs. For T790M-negative patients, chemotherapy is the recommended second-line treatment. We compared the efficacy between third-generation EGFR-TKIs and chemotherapy with or without first/second-generation EGFR-TKIs in T790M-negative patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included T790M-negative patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC and progressing after first-line treatment with first- or second-generation EGFR-TKIs. Data on clinical characteristics, disease features, and survival were collected, including general conditions, medical history, imaging, histology, and molecular profiling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 82 patients progressing after first- or second-generation EGFR-TKIs without acquiring T790M, 45 received third-generation EGFR-TKIs and 37 received chemotherapy and/or first/second-generation EGFR-TKIs. We found that third-generation EGFR-TKIs led to significantly longer median progression-free survival (mPFS) than other treatments [10.20 months vs. 5.70 months, <i>p</i> = 0.017]. Subgroup analyses indicated that third-generation EGFR-TKIs had similar mPFS to the chemotherapy group but were significantly superior to first/second-generation EGFR-TKIs with or without chemotherapy (10.20 months vs. 4.80 months, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; 10.20 months vs. 3.30 months, <i>p</i> = 0.004). The median overall survival (mOS) for patients treated with third-generation EGFR-TKIs and with non-third-generation therapy was 39.80 months (95% CI 23.14 to 56.46) and 32.40 months (95% CI 18.71 to 46.09), <i>p</i> = 0.408, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Third-generation EGFR-TKIs significantly improved mPFS in T790M-negative patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC and resistant to first-line treatment with first- or second-generation EGFR-TKIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChiCTR2500096109</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12706518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145761706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Pleural Mesothelioma Incidence and Survival in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Areas in the United States","authors":"Alexander J. Didier,&nbsp;Charlotte Lennox,&nbsp;Mingjia Li,&nbsp;Jinesh Gheeya,&nbsp;Asrar Alahmadi,&nbsp;Jacob Kaufman,&nbsp;Regan Memmott,&nbsp;Kai He,&nbsp;Peter Shields,&nbsp;Christian Rolfo,&nbsp;David P. Carbone,&nbsp;Carolyn Presley,&nbsp;Dwight Owen,&nbsp;Logan Roof","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71474","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71474","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a rare, aggressive cancer with significant variation in incidence based on geographic factors. Previous studies have highlighted cancer survival disparities between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan populations for other cancers; this data is largely unreported for PM. We aimed to compare incidence trends and cancer-specific survival (CSS) between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas in the United States using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed SEER 18 registries for patients aged ≥ 20 diagnosed with PM between 2004 and 2021. Incidence rates, CSS, and demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated using the Tiwari method. Joinpoint regression was used to assess temporal trends, while Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard models analyzed survival outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 8519 PM cases were identified, with 89.3% in metropolitan areas. Nonmetropolitan patients were more likely to be non-Hispanic Black and had lower chemotherapy (<i>p</i> = 0.031) and surgery (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) rates. The incidence rate in metropolitan areas declined from 1.4 in 2004 to 0.8 in 2021, while nonmetropolitan areas saw a stable incidence until 2017, followed by a decline to 0.5 in 2021. Metropolitan areas had significantly higher CSS, with 50.3% 1-year CSS by 2020, compared to 27.7% in nonmetropolitan areas. Multivariate analysis indicated a higher hazard of death in nonmetropolitan areas (HR = 1.18, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant disparities in PM outcomes between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas were revealed. Although both regions experienced a decline in incidence over time, survival outcomes remained worse in nonmetropolitan areas. Patients in nonmetropolitan areas were also less likely to receive chemotherapy and surgery, further contributing to the survival gap. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve treatment access and enhance survival for nonmetropolitan patients with PM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12704024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145754878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Rectal Spacer Use and Erectile Dysfunction Diagnosis Among Men Receiving Prostate Radiotherapy: US County-Level Analysis","authors":"Ryan Hankins,&nbsp;Sean P. Collins,&nbsp;Ryoko Sato,&nbsp;Parthiv Mehta,&nbsp;Samir Bhattacharyya,&nbsp;Emmanuel Ezekekwu,&nbsp;Daniel A. Hamstra","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71362","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71362","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Rectal spacers have been shown in clinical studies to reduce side effects of radiotherapy (RT) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. In addition, secondary analyses also showed reduced erectile dysfunction following PCa RT with the use of a rectal spacer. However, this association with erectile dysfunction (ED) in large-scale real-world settings remains unexplored. This study evaluated the association between rectal spacer use and the prevalence of ED diagnosis among PCa patients receiving prostate RT at the US county level.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study utilized Medicare 5% and 100% Standard Analytic Files to analyze county-level data. The analytical sample included adult PCa patients receiving RT—comprising stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), proton beam radiation therapy, and brachytherapy—between January 2015 and March 2023. The primary outcome was the county-level proportion of RT patients diagnosed with ED between January 2015 and March 2023. The primary explanatory variable was the proportion of patients receiving prostate RT utilizing a rectal spacer from 1 to 5 years prior to an ED diagnosis. Zero-inflated Poisson regression models were used to assess the association between rectal spacer use and ED prevalence at the county level, controlling for county-level PCa patient characteristics (median age and racial composition) and general population characteristics (median age, racial composition, and median household income). State-level fixed effects accounted for regional variation. Data for general population characteristics were obtained from the 2020 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Social Determinants of Health Database.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study included 247,250 PCa patients who underwent RT across 3132 US counties between January 2015 and March 2023. The average annual prevalence of ED among PCa patients receiving RT at the county level was 1.3%. During the study period, the proportion of patients receiving rectal spacers increased from 2.9% to 18.9%. After adjusting for confounders, counties with higher rectal spacer use 4–5 years prior had a significantly lower prevalence of ED: a 10-percentage point increase in rectal spacer use at the county level was associated with a 7.7% relative reduction in ED prevalence after 4 years (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and an 8.4% reduction after 5 years (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.006).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This is the first large-scale","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71362","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145740216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value of Massiveness Parameters Measured on Baseline FDG PET in Advanced-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma","authors":"S. Draye-Carbonnier,&nbsp;S.-D. Mihailescu,&nbsp;P. Pinochet,&nbsp;E. Texte,&nbsp;A. Stamatoullas-Bastard,&nbsp;P. Vera,&nbsp;S. Becker,&nbsp;P. Decazes","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71462","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71462","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prognostic value of radiomic quantitative features measured on pretreatment ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT was investigated in patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective study of 176 HL patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2017. A dozen of PET/CT-derived features were extracted via <i>Oncometer3D</i> from baseline ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT images. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Kaplan–Meier method, and Cox analyses were used to assess the prognostic factors for Overall Survival (OS) and Progression-Free Survival (PFS) censored at 5 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four different clusters were identified among the 12 PET parameters analyzed: activity, tumor burden, fragmentation-massiveness, and dispersion. On ROC analyses, medEdgeD, a massiveness parameter, had the highest AUC for OS (0.72) and PFS (0.6). Patients with high baseline medEdgeD had a significantly worse PFS (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and OS (<i>p</i> = 0.003) in both Kaplan–Meier and Cox univariate analyses. Furthermore, medEdgeD remained statistically significant in a multivariate analysis (<i>p</i> = 0.008 for OS and <i>p</i> = 0.014 for PFS) including various TEP and clinical parameters used in daily routine. In addition, in sub-group analyses, a significantly worse prognosis was observed for patients with ABVD and with high baseline medEdgeD value (<i>p</i> = 0.0082 for OS and <i>p</i> = 0.001 for PFS). Moreover, in the bulky subgroup, medEdgeD improved prognostic accuracy (<i>p</i> = 0.016).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PET parameters describing massiveness, in particular medEdgeD, are significantly correlated with prognosis in HL patients for OS and PFS, especially when treated with ABVD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145740224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Influencing Survival in T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma and T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","authors":"Tong Yoon Kim,&nbsp;Kyoung Il Min,&nbsp;Gi-June Min,&nbsp;Ki-Seoung Eom,&nbsp;Seok Lee,&nbsp;Seok-Goo Cho,&nbsp;Seoree Kim,&nbsp;Jong hyuk Lee,&nbsp;Byung-Su Kim,&nbsp;Joon won Jeoung,&nbsp;Hye Sung Won,&nbsp;Jae-Ho Yoon,&nbsp;Youngwoo Jeon","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71365","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71365","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The World Health Organization defines T-LBL and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) as the same entity. However, the clinical variations between them result in divergent treatment outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of patients with T-LBL and T-ALL and identify ideal candidates for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective analysis included 148 patients diagnosed with T-LBL (67 [45.3%]) or T-ALL (81 [54.7%]) between November 2009 and December 2022 in seven hospitals in the Republic of Korea. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and allo-HSCT, auto-HSCT, and chemotherapy-only treatment modalities were compared. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify risk factors for survival, and survival decision trees were used for risk stratification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median follow-up duration was 60 months. The 5-year OS rates were 43.5% and 52.8% in the T-LBL and T-ALL groups, respectively (<i>p =</i> 0.111). The T-LBL group had lower PFS than the T-ALL group (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.001). The 5-year OS rates for allo-HSCT, auto-HSCT, and chemotherapy-only were 62.8%, 62.4%, and 13%, respectively. Two or more extranodal sites, large masses &gt; 6 cm, axial bone involvement, and non-complete remission after chemotherapy were poor prognostic factors for OS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this multicenter retrospective analysis, hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo- or auto-HSCT) was associated with better survival than chemotherapy alone. For T-LBL, an exploratory signal from our prognostic model suggests that selected high-risk patients may be considered for upfront allo-HSCT. However, overall survival was comparable between allo- and auto-HSCT in this cohort, and durable outcomes after transplant were largely observed in patients who achieved complete remission. These findings are hypothesis-generating and support individualized, response-adapted strategies that warrant prospective validation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145740209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab in Patients With Advanced NSCLC Who Received Pretreatment With EGFR-TKIs (ML41256): A Multicenter, Prospective, Single-Arm, Phase 2 Trial","authors":"Wenfeng Fang,&nbsp;Jian Fang,&nbsp;Panwen Tian,&nbsp;Yun Fan,&nbsp;Qitao Yu,&nbsp;Xiaochun Zhang,&nbsp;Zhehai Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Liu,&nbsp;Yanjun Shi,&nbsp;Li Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71469","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71469","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Few treatment options are available for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who failed treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in these patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a single-arm, Simon's minimax two-stage adapted phase II study. Patients received atezolizumab 1200 mg plus bevacizumab 15 mg/kg once every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included duration of response (DOR), time to response (TTR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between 14 August 2020 and 18 January 2021, 23 patients from seven sites in China were enrolled; all received study treatment. Twenty-two patients were evaluable for ORR. At data cut-off, median follow-up was 16.4 months. The confirmed ORR was 18.2% (4/22) per RECIST v1.1. The number of responders did not cross the predefined threshold (&gt; 6 patients) for stage II enrollment. For the four responding patients, the median TTR and DOR were 1.4 and 6.4 months, respectively. Median PFS and OS were 2.8 and 14.1 months, respectively. Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab had acceptable tolerability without any new safety signals identified. All patients experienced at least one treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE); four patients experienced serious TEAEs and one patient died of an unknown cause.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The chemotherapy-free atezolizumab plus bevacizumab regimen had limited efficacy but an acceptable safety profile in this exploratory study. Although current data suggest that chemotherapy may still be important for patients who failed EGFR-TKIs, more treatment regimens with lower toxicity and higher efficacy for these patients, such as antibody–drug conjugates and bispecific antibodies, need to be explored in the future.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04426825</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71469","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145740251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Risk Prediction Using Machine Learning for Supporting Early Cancer Diagnosis in Symptomatic Patients: A Systematic Review of Model Types","authors":"Flavia Pennisi,&nbsp;Stefania Borlini,&nbsp;Hannah Harrison,&nbsp;Rita Cuciniello,&nbsp;Anna Carole D'Amelio,&nbsp;Matthew Barclay,&nbsp;Giovanni Emanuele Ricciardi,&nbsp;Georgios Lyratzopoulos,&nbsp;Cristina Renzi","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71463","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71463","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Predictive models could support clinicians in identifying patients who may benefit from cancer investigations. We aimed to examine published evidence on machine learning models (ML) developed to estimate cancer risk based on symptoms and other patient characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE, we performed a systematic review of studies published in 2014–2024, which included data on signs/symptoms for cancer risk prediction. We used the QUADAS-AI tools to assess study quality. We performed a quantitative synthesis of diagnostic performance, including accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC). Adherence to TRIPOD guidelines was assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 5646 initially identified articles, 34 met inclusion criteria. Included studies most frequently examined lung (<i>n</i> = 9 studies), mesothelioma (<i>n</i> = 7), and gastrointestinal cancers (<i>n</i> = 4) and used hospital electronic health records (<i>n</i> = 8) or publicly available online datasets (<i>n</i> = 13). In addition to signs/symptoms (<i>n</i> = 34), most models included sociodemographic characteristics (<i>n</i> = 27) and lifestyle factors (<i>n</i> = 20). In 70% of studies, internal validation was performed. ML models demonstrated variable performance, with AUC values ranging from 0.60 to 1 during validation. Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Multilayer Perceptron showed the best predictive performance. Most of the studies (94.1%) had a high risk of bias for the index test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ML models have been reported to demonstrate potential in managing complex data for cancer risk prediction. However, the current evidence is heterogeneous and frequently limited by bias and incomplete reporting. Further validation and thorough assessments of real-world performance are necessary before these models can be considered reliable for clinical use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration number: CRD42024548088</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71463","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145740161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Implications of SMARCA4, ARID1A, and Other BAF Mutations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer","authors":"Alexis Khalil,&nbsp;Michael P. Collins,&nbsp;Alfonso Quintás-Cardama","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71442","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71442","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) outcomes have improved remarkably with the widespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and small molecule inhibitors targeting driver mutations. Nevertheless, many patients continue to experience suboptimal outcomes. The prevalence of mutations in the BAF (BRG1/BRM-associated factor) chromatin remodeling complexes may represent an opportunity to help close this gap: These critical regulators of chromatin accessibility are mutated in approximately a quarter of NSCLC cases, and numerous retrospective reports have evaluated the impact of these mutations on clinical outcomes. Here, we appraise the varying and occasionally divergent evidence for BAF complex mutations as predictive and prognostic biomarkers in NSCLC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude that these mutations hold promise as refinements to existing prognostic and treatment algorithms, with <i>SMARCA4</i> mutations imparting poor prognosis, <i>ARID1A</i> mutations predicting better prognosis with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, and <i>ARID1A</i>-epithelial growth factor receptor (<i>EGFR</i>) comutations being associated with insensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Additional research should focus on large, prospective studies that will allow better quantification of the impact of BAF complex mutations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A growing body of evidence indicates that BAF complex mutations have important prognostic implications. These may be leveraged for risk stratification and therapeutic selection in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71442","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145740169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}