The overexploitation of agricultural soils as a result of the increased need for food by local populations is leading to serious dysfunctions in land restoration. These dysfunctions, aggravated by climate change, require the implementation of ecological engineering strategies to rehabilitate the soil. The soils of the South Cameroonian plateau suffer significant degradation in terms of loss of fertilizing elements due to extensive agricultural practices, which limits agricultural production. This work showed how tree legumes contribute to improving the yield of yellow yam (Dioscorea cayenensis) in the South Cameroonian plateau, to ultimately support the production of agroecosystems in this environment. Within the framework of this study, an experimental set-up was designed to measure the performance of tree legumes in the field. The experimental set-up is a randomized complete block trial with three treatments and three replications on 3000 m2. The control plot without shrubs, the plot with Calliandra, and the plot with Senna. This trial was carried out in the district of Mbankomo, Mefou, and Akono Department, Central Region. After monitoring the experiment, it was found that Senna spectabilis produced more nutrients than Calliandra calothyrsus. Thus, each Senna shrub produced 1.54 kg of litter in the first year and 2.04 kg in the second year for a quantity of nitrogen of 192.76 kg/ha and 260 kg/ha respectively in the first and second year. Each Calliandra shrub produced 1.46 kg and 1.87 kg of litter for a nutrient amount of 183 kg/ha and 236.81 kg/ha of nitrogen during the two years of the experiment. The combination of tree legumes and field crops increased yam yields by a factor of 2 or 3 compared to traditional agriculture. The growth rate of the yam is accelerated as well as its vegetative cycle, which is reduced from 7.5 months to 6 months as a result of the increase in soil organic matter through the shrub legume litter. Agroforestry practices could have a positive impact on soil characteristics and microbial communities, resulting in enhanced soil fertility and long-term sustainability of agricultural production. According to the results obtained, the insertion of tree legumes in agrosystems is a more efficient and less costly way to gradually and sustainably increase nitrogen availability and soil fertility.
{"title":"Contribution of Tree Legumes in the Production Dynamics of Yellow Yam (Dioscorea cayenensis Lam) in the South Cameroon Plateau","authors":"Guy Aurélien Nganso Djakou","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.82.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.82.10","url":null,"abstract":"The overexploitation of agricultural soils as a result of the increased need for food by local populations is leading to serious dysfunctions in land restoration. These dysfunctions, aggravated by climate change, require the implementation of ecological engineering strategies to rehabilitate the soil. The soils of the South Cameroonian plateau suffer significant degradation in terms of loss of fertilizing elements due to extensive agricultural practices, which limits agricultural production. This work showed how tree legumes contribute to improving the yield of yellow yam (Dioscorea cayenensis) in the South Cameroonian plateau, to ultimately support the production of agroecosystems in this environment. Within the framework of this study, an experimental set-up was designed to measure the performance of tree legumes in the field. The experimental set-up is a randomized complete block trial with three treatments and three replications on 3000 m2. The control plot without shrubs, the plot with Calliandra, and the plot with Senna. This trial was carried out in the district of Mbankomo, Mefou, and Akono Department, Central Region. After monitoring the experiment, it was found that Senna spectabilis produced more nutrients than Calliandra calothyrsus. Thus, each Senna shrub produced 1.54 kg of litter in the first year and 2.04 kg in the second year for a quantity of nitrogen of 192.76 kg/ha and 260 kg/ha respectively in the first and second year. Each Calliandra shrub produced 1.46 kg and 1.87 kg of litter for a nutrient amount of 183 kg/ha and 236.81 kg/ha of nitrogen during the two years of the experiment. The combination of tree legumes and field crops increased yam yields by a factor of 2 or 3 compared to traditional agriculture. The growth rate of the yam is accelerated as well as its vegetative cycle, which is reduced from 7.5 months to 6 months as a result of the increase in soil organic matter through the shrub legume litter. Agroforestry practices could have a positive impact on soil characteristics and microbial communities, resulting in enhanced soil fertility and long-term sustainability of agricultural production. According to the results obtained, the insertion of tree legumes in agrosystems is a more efficient and less costly way to gradually and sustainably increase nitrogen availability and soil fertility.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84753542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Wicaksono, Paramyta Nila Permanasari, Akbar Saitama
East Java region is known for its good land potential for agriculture. One area that has a large enough agricultural land is Malang Regency. This feasibility study in the long run can become the foundation for establishing oil palm plantations and also a palm oil processing industry in the region. Thus, a feasibility study of various important aspects is carried out for the sustainability and sustainability of the development of the oil palm plantation industry in Malang. The purpose of this study is to see how land and environmental conditions suitability and to study and map the suitability of oil palm land in Malang Regency. The study was carried out in October - December 2021 in the southern Malang region and the southern Blitar location as a comparison area and industrial survey to find out data on oil quality in the southern region of Malang Regency and Blitar. Studies use survey methods to describe situations and events with the aim of solving problems in a systematic, fluctuating and accurate manner regarding the facts and characteristics of a particular population or area. Land suitability variables are in the form of geographic data, such as slopes and determination of points; macro climate data and micro climate data, such as radiation intensity, RH, temperature, flood potential and soil data including physical properties, such as soil texture, structure and depth; biological properties, such as c-organic content, litter thickness and presence of earthworms and chemical properties, such as analysis of N, P and K content, pH and base saturation and soil CEC. Based on a comparison of soil analysis data in the areas of Malang, Sumatra and Kalimantan, it can be said that the land suitability of Malang Regency is in accordance with the needs of oil palm plants based on land suitability.
{"title":"Analysis the Potential of Malang Regency as a Center for Oil Palm Plantations in East Java","authors":"K. Wicaksono, Paramyta Nila Permanasari, Akbar Saitama","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.84.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.84.17","url":null,"abstract":"East Java region is known for its good land potential for agriculture. One area that has a large enough agricultural land is Malang Regency. This feasibility study in the long run can become the foundation for establishing oil palm plantations and also a palm oil processing industry in the region. Thus, a feasibility study of various important aspects is carried out for the sustainability and sustainability of the development of the oil palm plantation industry in Malang. The purpose of this study is to see how land and environmental conditions suitability and to study and map the suitability of oil palm land in Malang Regency. The study was carried out in October - December 2021 in the southern Malang region and the southern Blitar location as a comparison area and industrial survey to find out data on oil quality in the southern region of Malang Regency and Blitar. Studies use survey methods to describe situations and events with the aim of solving problems in a systematic, fluctuating and accurate manner regarding the facts and characteristics of a particular population or area. Land suitability variables are in the form of geographic data, such as slopes and determination of points; macro climate data and micro climate data, such as radiation intensity, RH, temperature, flood potential and soil data including physical properties, such as soil texture, structure and depth; biological properties, such as c-organic content, litter thickness and presence of earthworms and chemical properties, such as analysis of N, P and K content, pH and base saturation and soil CEC. Based on a comparison of soil analysis data in the areas of Malang, Sumatra and Kalimantan, it can be said that the land suitability of Malang Regency is in accordance with the needs of oil palm plants based on land suitability.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91262287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is a scientific review, first, of the consequences of global warming and climate change, and second, of the urgent ways for humanity to adapt to these climate changes. It is shown that an increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, as well as an increase in its average temperature, correlates well with an increase in the number of natural disasters and, accordingly, an increase in budget costs for the removal of their consequences. On the other hand, the impossibility of completely stopping global climate change, let alone returning to its 1970 parameters, is discussed, for example: removing billions of tons of CO2 from the Earth's atmosphere; restoring trillions of tons of ice at the poles of the Earth and its mountain peaks; reduce the acidity of the waters of the World Ocean and its cooling. Hence the conclusion is made about the inexpediency of spending hundreds of billions of dollars on "the fight against climate change" and the expediency of spending these billions on the urgent adaptation of mankind to an already changed climate. Further, the article examines in detail the ways and options to prevent the destruction and loss caused by hurricanes, flooding, wildfires, massive burning of fossil fuels, traditional agriculture, as well as huge pollution of the World Ocean: replacement of fossil fuels with green energy and green transport, the construction of only hurricane-resistant and fire-resistant buildings in hazardous areas, the construction of dams and powerful drainage systems in areas of probable flooding, the transition to superconducting underground electrical cables, the widespread use of small modular low-enriched uranium nuclear reactors, widespread use of heat pumps, the transition from traditional cattle breeding to artificial meat, the widespread in agriculture use of so-called vertical farms, minimization of food losses at all stages, and more. The main idea of this report was clearly expressed by Charles Darwin in his well-known quote: “It is not the strongest and smartest who survive but the one who adjusts best to the changing environment.” That is, not the strongest nation (with the largest GDP), not the smartest nation (which will learn to extract all the excess CO2 from the atmosphere), but the nation that is best adapted to live in this changed climate (with hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires, etc.) - will have more chances to survive.
{"title":"Alarm: Mankind is Not Ready for Inevitable Global Climate Change","authors":"Dr. Mikhail Krasnyansky","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.81.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.81.11","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a scientific review, first, of the consequences of global warming and climate change, and second, of the urgent ways for humanity to adapt to these climate changes. It is shown that an increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, as well as an increase in its average temperature, correlates well with an increase in the number of natural disasters and, accordingly, an increase in budget costs for the removal of their consequences. On the other hand, the impossibility of completely stopping global climate change, let alone returning to its 1970 parameters, is discussed, for example: removing billions of tons of CO2 from the Earth's atmosphere; restoring trillions of tons of ice at the poles of the Earth and its mountain peaks; reduce the acidity of the waters of the World Ocean and its cooling. Hence the conclusion is made about the inexpediency of spending hundreds of billions of dollars on \"the fight against climate change\" and the expediency of spending these billions on the urgent adaptation of mankind to an already changed climate. Further, the article examines in detail the ways and options to prevent the destruction and loss caused by hurricanes, flooding, wildfires, massive burning of fossil fuels, traditional agriculture, as well as huge pollution of the World Ocean: replacement of fossil fuels with green energy and green transport, the construction of only hurricane-resistant and fire-resistant buildings in hazardous areas, the construction of dams and powerful drainage systems in areas of probable flooding, the transition to superconducting underground electrical cables, the widespread use of small modular low-enriched uranium nuclear reactors, widespread use of heat pumps, the transition from traditional cattle breeding to artificial meat, the widespread in agriculture use of so-called vertical farms, minimization of food losses at all stages, and more. The main idea of this report was clearly expressed by Charles Darwin in his well-known quote: “It is not the strongest and smartest who survive but the one who adjusts best to the changing environment.” That is, not the strongest nation (with the largest GDP), not the smartest nation (which will learn to extract all the excess CO2 from the atmosphere), but the nation that is best adapted to live in this changed climate (with hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires, etc.) - will have more chances to survive.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84548772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hevea brasiliensis is an important economic crop which produces natural rubber. Supplemental LED night lighting improves its growth, however the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. The study analyzed the transcriptome of H. brasiliensis plants under the treatment of LED night lighting. The light treatment resulted in 1047 and 411 differentially expression genes (DEGs) during the day and night time, respectively. Functional group analysis showed that DEGs in the day time enriched into 185 metabolic pathways and that DEGs in the night time enriched into 116 metabolic pathways. A total of 92 DEGs were identified between night lighting and control plants. These DEGs were involved in regulation of pigment metabolism, photosynthesis, circadian rhythm, and carbohydrate metabolism. The genes associated with circadian rhythm were altered during the day and night time. The gene involved in carbohydrate metabolic process was upregulated and the related KEGG pathways associated carbohydrate metabolism were upregulated. These results concluded that supplemental LED night lighting improve growth of hevea plants by upregulating genes associated with photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism, so as to synthesize more carbohydrates.
{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis of Hevea brasiliensis seedlings under supplemental LED night lighting","authors":"Xingcheng Yao, Hanqi Tu, Xinlong Wang, Jun Wang","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.84.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.84.1","url":null,"abstract":"Hevea brasiliensis is an important economic crop which produces natural rubber. Supplemental LED night lighting improves its growth, however the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. The study analyzed the transcriptome of H. brasiliensis plants under the treatment of LED night lighting. The light treatment resulted in 1047 and 411 differentially expression genes (DEGs) during the day and night time, respectively. Functional group analysis showed that DEGs in the day time enriched into 185 metabolic pathways and that DEGs in the night time enriched into 116 metabolic pathways. A total of 92 DEGs were identified between night lighting and control plants. These DEGs were involved in regulation of pigment metabolism, photosynthesis, circadian rhythm, and carbohydrate metabolism. The genes associated with circadian rhythm were altered during the day and night time. The gene involved in carbohydrate metabolic process was upregulated and the related KEGG pathways associated carbohydrate metabolism were upregulated. These results concluded that supplemental LED night lighting improve growth of hevea plants by upregulating genes associated with photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism, so as to synthesize more carbohydrates.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88757433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study on air pollution in Bamako carried out in 2019, aims to characterize the different sources of emissions, model the health impact of ambient air quality for the different scenarios, the proposal of an action plan to limit emissions, and the simulation of the evolution of emissions and ambient air quality by 2015 and 2020 with and without an action plan. The results of the two air quality measurement campaigns show concentration levels lower or substantially equal between those of July 2019 and those of the 2009 data. The PM10 concentration recorded indicates a significant excess area compared to the values concentration guides set by the WHO. Analysis of the evaluation of emissions and their health impact by 2015 and 2020 shows that pollution by volatile organic compounds and dust will become unacceptable if nothing is done. The number of cancers linked to benzene will increase to 686 cases and the increase in mortality due to dust to an average figure of 38.7%.
{"title":"Air pollution in Bamako: Modeling, Pollution-Population Index","authors":"Yacouba Maiga, Bankoro Bagayoko, Hady Diallo, Boubacar Kola Touré, Sékou Sako, Ousmane Coulibaly, Ibrahima Yattara, Mohamed Maiga","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.85.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.85.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study on air pollution in Bamako carried out in 2019, aims to characterize the different sources of emissions, model the health impact of ambient air quality for the different scenarios, the proposal of an action plan to limit emissions, and the simulation of the evolution of emissions and ambient air quality by 2015 and 2020 with and without an action plan. The results of the two air quality measurement campaigns show concentration levels lower or substantially equal between those of July 2019 and those of the 2009 data. The PM10 concentration recorded indicates a significant excess area compared to the values concentration guides set by the WHO. Analysis of the evaluation of emissions and their health impact by 2015 and 2020 shows that pollution by volatile organic compounds and dust will become unacceptable if nothing is done. The number of cancers linked to benzene will increase to 686 cases and the increase in mortality due to dust to an average figure of 38.7%.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135595711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Imoukhuede Oladunni Bimpe, Fasinmirin Johnson Toyin, Olayanju Gbenga Moses
This study investigated the growth and yield response of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) in bituminous soils of selected communities (Loda, Lofo and Legbogbo) in Irele, southern Ondo State for two consecutive growing seasons (2020 and 2021). The Legbogbo site, which of very low bitumen, serves as the control. The textural class is sandy loam and the soil is acidic. Some samples of soil were collected from three dug soil profile pit at depths 0-100 cm at an interval of 10 cm and moved to the soil laboratory for the analysis of the chemical concentrations of macro and trace elements. The highest value of the heavy metal was recorded at Loda. More so, the least amount of the bitumen concentration was recorded at Legbogbo site (control) and in some cases at Lofo site. Result from the study showed that there is significant difference (P < 0.05) in the values of the heavy metals among the location at all depths. The results from various locations also showed that the soil depth and location were significant (P < 0.05) in their main effects on the soil heavy metals. It was observed that the heavy metal concentration of soil was lower than the permissible limit, an indication that the concentration of heavy metals of the study areas may not have negatively influenced the growth and yield of okra. All agronomic parameters in all locations during the two seasons of experiment were in the way of Legbogbo>Lofo>Loda. Okra had 0 kg.ha-1 pod yield at the Loda site at both 2020 and 2021 growing seasons, while Legbogbo had the greatest fruit yield for both seasons. Okra yield prediction model was developed using the stepwise regression model and it was observed that Okra yield significantly correlated to potassium (r2 = 0.95) at P < 0.05 and phosphorus (r2 = 0.99) (P < 0.01).
{"title":"Yield Modeling of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. moench) in Bituminous Soils of Southern Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"Imoukhuede Oladunni Bimpe, Fasinmirin Johnson Toyin, Olayanju Gbenga Moses","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.85.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.85.13","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the growth and yield response of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) in bituminous soils of selected communities (Loda, Lofo and Legbogbo) in Irele, southern Ondo State for two consecutive growing seasons (2020 and 2021). The Legbogbo site, which of very low bitumen, serves as the control. The textural class is sandy loam and the soil is acidic. Some samples of soil were collected from three dug soil profile pit at depths 0-100 cm at an interval of 10 cm and moved to the soil laboratory for the analysis of the chemical concentrations of macro and trace elements. The highest value of the heavy metal was recorded at Loda. More so, the least amount of the bitumen concentration was recorded at Legbogbo site (control) and in some cases at Lofo site. Result from the study showed that there is significant difference (P < 0.05) in the values of the heavy metals among the location at all depths. The results from various locations also showed that the soil depth and location were significant (P < 0.05) in their main effects on the soil heavy metals. It was observed that the heavy metal concentration of soil was lower than the permissible limit, an indication that the concentration of heavy metals of the study areas may not have negatively influenced the growth and yield of okra. All agronomic parameters in all locations during the two seasons of experiment were in the way of Legbogbo>Lofo>Loda. Okra had 0 kg.ha-1 pod yield at the Loda site at both 2020 and 2021 growing seasons, while Legbogbo had the greatest fruit yield for both seasons. Okra yield prediction model was developed using the stepwise regression model and it was observed that Okra yield significantly correlated to potassium (r2 = 0.95) at P < 0.05 and phosphorus (r2 = 0.99) (P < 0.01).","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136257029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paramyta Nila Permanasari, Anna Satyana Karyawati, Akbar Saitama, Karuniawan Puji Wicaksono
Malang Regency has superior avocado commodity which is so-called Pameling. Superiorities of the fruit are indicated by the large size of the fruit and quality of the fruit flesh which is liked by the consumers. Today, the development of Pameling avocado has expanded from the lowlands to the highlands in diverse regions. In order to obtain optimal harvest yields, both quantity and quality, the research affirmed the quality of Pameling avocado, which is grown at the lowlands and the highlands. The research was conducted by testing quality (nutritional content) and organoleptic. Results of the research showed that the avocados grown at the highlands were more preferred by the panelists based on the organoleptic test from the assessment aspects of appearance, texture, aroma, and taste. The lowlands produced preference of the color flesh which is mostly preferred by the panelists. Results of the nutritional test (quality) on fruits grown at the lowlands showed the highest level of sugar and protein. The middle plains are superior in fat content. Moreover, the highlands produce fruits with the highest coarse fibers. However, the differences in cultivation methods on three different altitudes will be the subject of further studies that need to be considered.
{"title":"Assessment of the Nutritional Content and Hedonic Test on Pameling Avocado from Three Different Altitudes","authors":"Paramyta Nila Permanasari, Anna Satyana Karyawati, Akbar Saitama, Karuniawan Puji Wicaksono","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.85.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.85.6","url":null,"abstract":"Malang Regency has superior avocado commodity which is so-called Pameling. Superiorities of the fruit are indicated by the large size of the fruit and quality of the fruit flesh which is liked by the consumers. Today, the development of Pameling avocado has expanded from the lowlands to the highlands in diverse regions. In order to obtain optimal harvest yields, both quantity and quality, the research affirmed the quality of Pameling avocado, which is grown at the lowlands and the highlands. The research was conducted by testing quality (nutritional content) and organoleptic. Results of the research showed that the avocados grown at the highlands were more preferred by the panelists based on the organoleptic test from the assessment aspects of appearance, texture, aroma, and taste. The lowlands produced preference of the color flesh which is mostly preferred by the panelists. Results of the nutritional test (quality) on fruits grown at the lowlands showed the highest level of sugar and protein. The middle plains are superior in fat content. Moreover, the highlands produce fruits with the highest coarse fibers. However, the differences in cultivation methods on three different altitudes will be the subject of further studies that need to be considered.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135649044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karuniawan Puji Wicaksono, Paramyta Nila Permanasari, Akbar Saitama
Blitar Regency has a wholesale market managed by the Wlingi Market Association, but some horticultural products from the farmers are still absorbed by the wholesale market outside Blitar Regency and reabsorbed by the retailers from Blitar Regency. Objectives of the research were to obtain information about the superior products, supply chain, and the inhibiting factors on the development of the horticultural products. Method of the research used descriptive analysis on each member of the links. Location of the research is the wholesale market in Blitar Regency, Wlingi. Variables of the research include types, volumes, and circulation of the horticultural products. Results of the research showed 3 major horticultural commodities that include chili, red pepper, and watermelon. The potential agricultural products in Blitar Regency have inefficient and complex supply chain because they involve many actors from farmers to consumers. The inhibiting factors are as follow: 1. The farmers do not have a collective system for marketing their crops so that information about the products as well as the prices are not integrated, 2. The supply chain patterns are inefficient and complex, so that the prices are costly, and 3. Inadequate location of the wholesale market. It is expected that the approach of supply chain on horticultural commodities in Blitar Regency will provide an overview of potential commodity supply availability as a consideration for supply chain management.
{"title":"Analysis of the Potential Horticultural Products in Blitar Regency on the Agribusiness Market in Blitar Regency","authors":"Karuniawan Puji Wicaksono, Paramyta Nila Permanasari, Akbar Saitama","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.85.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.85.7","url":null,"abstract":"Blitar Regency has a wholesale market managed by the Wlingi Market Association, but some horticultural products from the farmers are still absorbed by the wholesale market outside Blitar Regency and reabsorbed by the retailers from Blitar Regency. Objectives of the research were to obtain information about the superior products, supply chain, and the inhibiting factors on the development of the horticultural products. Method of the research used descriptive analysis on each member of the links. Location of the research is the wholesale market in Blitar Regency, Wlingi. Variables of the research include types, volumes, and circulation of the horticultural products. Results of the research showed 3 major horticultural commodities that include chili, red pepper, and watermelon. The potential agricultural products in Blitar Regency have inefficient and complex supply chain because they involve many actors from farmers to consumers. The inhibiting factors are as follow: 1. The farmers do not have a collective system for marketing their crops so that information about the products as well as the prices are not integrated, 2. The supply chain patterns are inefficient and complex, so that the prices are costly, and 3. Inadequate location of the wholesale market. It is expected that the approach of supply chain on horticultural commodities in Blitar Regency will provide an overview of potential commodity supply availability as a consideration for supply chain management.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135843381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Desi Pramida Sari, W. Warnita, Muhsanati Muhsanati
Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merril) is one of the agricultural commodities to help the food crop of the Indonesian people. Soybeans are one of the commodities that support the implementation of food crop diversification programs and support national food crop security. Increasing soybean productivity in ultisols can be done through liming using eggshell powder. This experiment has been implemented at Jalan Muhammad Hatta, RT 02, RW 08, Pauh, Padang, West Sumatera from October 2020 to March 2021. The purpose is to get the best eggshell powder dose to increase the growth and yield of the soybean on ultisol. The experiment method uses a complete random design (RAL) with 5 levels of eggshell powder treatment 0; 25; 50; 75; 100 g / plant. Data on the observation are analyzed statistically with the F test at a 5% level. If the F count of treatment is greater than the F table, proceed by the test DNMRT at α level of 5% level. The results showed the use of eggshell powder affected the growth and yield of soybean in ultisol to a dose is 25 g /plant.
大豆(Glycine max (L) merrill)是帮助印尼人民的粮食作物的农产品之一。大豆是支持实施粮食作物多样化计划和支持国家粮食作物安全的商品之一。利用蛋壳粉进行石灰化处理，可以提高多效土壤中大豆的产量。该实验已于2020年10月至2021年3月在西苏门答腊巴东保h的Jalan Muhammad Hatta, r02, rw08实施。目的是为了获得最佳的蛋壳粉用量，以促进大豆在多酚上的生长和产量。试验方法采用完全随机设计(RAL)， 5个水平的蛋壳粉处理0;25;50;75;100克/株。观察数据在5%的水平上用F检验进行统计分析。如果处理的F计数大于F表，则继续在5%水平的α水平下进行DNMRT试验。结果表明，用25 g /株的多效土对大豆的生长和产量有影响。
{"title":"Effect of Extract Euphorbia hirta Linn. Against Leaf and Fruit Pests on Plants Cucumber (Cucumis sativus Linn.)","authors":"Desi Pramida Sari, W. Warnita, Muhsanati Muhsanati","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.82.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.82.18","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merril) is one of the agricultural commodities to help the food crop of the Indonesian people. Soybeans are one of the commodities that support the implementation of food crop diversification programs and support national food crop security. Increasing soybean productivity in ultisols can be done through liming using eggshell powder. This experiment has been implemented at Jalan Muhammad Hatta, RT 02, RW 08, Pauh, Padang, West Sumatera from October 2020 to March 2021. The purpose is to get the best eggshell powder dose to increase the growth and yield of the soybean on ultisol. The experiment method uses a complete random design (RAL) with 5 levels of eggshell powder treatment 0; 25; 50; 75; 100 g / plant. Data on the observation are analyzed statistically with the F test at a 5% level. If the F count of treatment is greater than the F table, proceed by the test DNMRT at α level of 5% level. The results showed the use of eggshell powder affected the growth and yield of soybean in ultisol to a dose is 25 g /plant.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77987472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dibyak Kapali, Elisha Shakya, D. Pradhan, Elina Sigdel, Jyotin Shah, S. Thapaliya
The study aims to isolate and identify bacteria and fungi (mold) present in solid waste and its associated bioaerosol in the Kathmandu city. A total of 10 samples; 5 different solid waste samples and 5 different bioaerosol samples, collected from 5 open dumping sites in the Kathmandu city, were transported to the microbiology laboratory of St. Xavier’s College for processing. Standard microbiological procedures were followed for the identification of isolates. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates following CLSI 2020 standards. In the collected solid waste samples, the bacterial colony count ranged from 1.27 × 108 to 2.8 × 108 CFU/ml, whereas the fungi colony count ranged from 1 × 105 to 4 × 105 CFU/ml. Bacterial colony counts from bioaerosol samples ranged from 116 to >300 CFU/90mm/15 minutes, whereas fungi colony counts were between 2 and 6 CFU/90mm/15 minutes. Out of 48 bacteria and 34 molds identified, Bacillus spp. (27%) and Aspergillus niger (29%) were found to be predominant than other isolates. Citrobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli isolated from solid waste samples of dump site S3 showed maximum resistance to the different antibiotics used. The common microbial isolates from solid waste samples and bioaerosol samples included 7 different bacteria and 4 different molds. The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and pathogenic fungi in waste dump sites pose public health-related risks.
{"title":"Microbial Assessment of Solid Waste and Bioaerosol Associated with Open Dumping Sites of the Kathmandu City, Nepal","authors":"Dibyak Kapali, Elisha Shakya, D. Pradhan, Elina Sigdel, Jyotin Shah, S. Thapaliya","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.83.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.83.7","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to isolate and identify bacteria and fungi (mold) present in solid waste and its associated bioaerosol in the Kathmandu city. A total of 10 samples; 5 different solid waste samples and 5 different bioaerosol samples, collected from 5 open dumping sites in the Kathmandu city, were transported to the microbiology laboratory of St. Xavier’s College for processing. Standard microbiological procedures were followed for the identification of isolates. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates following CLSI 2020 standards. In the collected solid waste samples, the bacterial colony count ranged from 1.27 × 108 to 2.8 × 108 CFU/ml, whereas the fungi colony count ranged from 1 × 105 to 4 × 105 CFU/ml. Bacterial colony counts from bioaerosol samples ranged from 116 to >300 CFU/90mm/15 minutes, whereas fungi colony counts were between 2 and 6 CFU/90mm/15 minutes. Out of 48 bacteria and 34 molds identified, Bacillus spp. (27%) and Aspergillus niger (29%) were found to be predominant than other isolates. Citrobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli isolated from solid waste samples of dump site S3 showed maximum resistance to the different antibiotics used. The common microbial isolates from solid waste samples and bioaerosol samples included 7 different bacteria and 4 different molds. The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and pathogenic fungi in waste dump sites pose public health-related risks.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82063546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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