Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20130306.02
S. Alzubaidi, S. Roaf, P. Banfill, R. Talib, A. Al-Ansari
Hospital staff's preferences for daylighting to notions of the effects of daylight on patient's recovery times and processes, their experiences of daylight when treating and diagnosing patients and patient comfort levels is studied. A questionnaire survey was developed as a tool to review subjective judgments of the staff lighting needs and satisfaction. Responses obtained from one hundred and thirty four staff showed that seventy nine percent of the participants identify daylight in patient's room as a factor helping them do their work more easily, and Seventy seven percent of the surveyed nurses and doctors claimed that daylight is an important element in patient rooms to aid in reviewing patient recovery through recognizing and interpreting changes in patient skin color. Seventy eight percent of hospital nurses and all the surveyed doctors believe that daylight has many health benefits including fast recovery and reduced length of stay for patients. Moreover, ninety two percent of the surveyed staff stated that patients preferred to stay in rooms with access to daylight as it makes them feel comfortable. These results should be taken on board by hospital designers and regulation makers as an indication of the importance of using good daylight in hospital wards to achieve two important goals of improving both hospital staff working conditions and the patient's healing environment.
{"title":"Survey of Hospitals Lighting: Daylight and Staff Preferences","authors":"S. Alzubaidi, S. Roaf, P. Banfill, R. Talib, A. Al-Ansari","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20130306.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20130306.02","url":null,"abstract":"Hospital staff's preferences for daylighting to notions of the effects of daylight on patient's recovery times and processes, their experiences of daylight when treating and diagnosing patients and patient comfort levels is studied. A questionnaire survey was developed as a tool to review subjective judgments of the staff lighting needs and satisfaction. Responses obtained from one hundred and thirty four staff showed that seventy nine percent of the participants identify daylight in patient's room as a factor helping them do their work more easily, and Seventy seven percent of the surveyed nurses and doctors claimed that daylight is an important element in patient rooms to aid in reviewing patient recovery through recognizing and interpreting changes in patient skin color. Seventy eight percent of hospital nurses and all the surveyed doctors believe that daylight has many health benefits including fast recovery and reduced length of stay for patients. Moreover, ninety two percent of the surveyed staff stated that patients preferred to stay in rooms with access to daylight as it makes them feel comfortable. These results should be taken on board by hospital designers and regulation makers as an indication of the importance of using good daylight in hospital wards to achieve two important goals of improving both hospital staff working conditions and the patient's healing environment.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82034160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The operation of the major industrialized economies is largely dependent on the availability of oil resources. Production and consumption sites of this raw material are often in total geographical disconnection. Oil shipping remains the least expensive mode of transportation. This activity is risky and complex. Risky”, since accidents are a source of environmental and economical damages; considerably important enough to obscure the rare nature of such disasters. Complex”, because there are many actors and intermediaries, often of different nationalities and are sometimes difficult to be identified. In the energy fields, the service provider company like the shipment of oil from exploration site to the market is often faced with signing a contract of marine insurance. Such an agreement yields to certain sensitive standards. Facing the risks of sea crossing of a highly risked energetic product as oil and its derivatives, the insurance contract is a very useful and often presents more difficulties that should be qualified. How is the environment integrated in our market economy? The traditional approach, consisting of regulating the most possible, has shown its inability to solve environmental problems. A new approach, which is more flexible and more efficient in combining regulatory and economic instruments, should lead to improve both economic and ecological results to fight against pollution. KeywordsRisk; Tanker; Externality; Oil Pollution; Market Benefits; Environmental Regulation; Insurance
{"title":"The Challenge of Insurance in the Context of Oil Transportation by Sea","authors":"Brahim Idelhakkar, Houdaifa Ameziane, Mohamed Najib Boulif, Abdeslam Chraibi","doi":"10.5963/IJEE0303002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5963/IJEE0303002","url":null,"abstract":"The operation of the major industrialized economies is largely dependent on the availability of oil resources. Production and consumption sites of this raw material are often in total geographical disconnection. Oil shipping remains the least expensive mode of transportation. This activity is risky and complex. Risky”, since accidents are a source of environmental and economical damages; considerably important enough to obscure the rare nature of such disasters. Complex”, because there are many actors and intermediaries, often of different nationalities and are sometimes difficult to be identified. In the energy fields, the service provider company like the shipment of oil from exploration site to the market is often faced with signing a contract of marine insurance. Such an agreement yields to certain sensitive standards. Facing the risks of sea crossing of a highly risked energetic product as oil and its derivatives, the insurance contract is a very useful and often presents more difficulties that should be qualified. How is the environment integrated in our market economy? The traditional approach, consisting of regulating the most possible, has shown its inability to solve environmental problems. A new approach, which is more flexible and more efficient in combining regulatory and economic instruments, should lead to improve both economic and ecological results to fight against pollution. KeywordsRisk; Tanker; Externality; Oil Pollution; Market Benefits; Environmental Regulation; Insurance","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81040999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The axial velocity and temperature distributions at the outlet section of inlet diffuser of Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) channel should be uniform as much as possible to avoid overheating of first rows of boiler heat exchangers tubes. Due to flow properties and angle of inlet diffuser, providing a uniform outlet velocity profile is impossible without using a correction device. A proposed design should be checked to satisfy the outlet velocity and temperature requirements. In current study, the abilities of computational fluid dynamics have been assessed to obtain the crucial profiles without the experimental difficulties. Regarding the special characteristics of flow and geometry, numerical solution may not be performed without taking some techniques into the CFD modeling. The actual HRSG inlet channel incorporates one perforated plate to correct the flow and three burner elements inside its wide-angle diffuser. Investigations have shown that the perforated plate and heat exchanger modules can be modeled by porous jump boundary condition and the burner elements by radiator faces respectively. Realizable k-e with non-equilibrium wall function seems to be the most optimum turbulence model for solution of the problem. KeywordsHRSG; Inlet Duct; Flow Correction; Diffuser; CFD
{"title":"The CFD Modeling of Heat Recovery Steam Generator Inlet Duct","authors":"M. Ameri, Farnaz Jazini Dorcheh","doi":"10.5963/ijee0303003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5963/ijee0303003","url":null,"abstract":"The axial velocity and temperature distributions at the outlet section of inlet diffuser of Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) channel should be uniform as much as possible to avoid overheating of first rows of boiler heat exchangers tubes. Due to flow properties and angle of inlet diffuser, providing a uniform outlet velocity profile is impossible without using a correction device. A proposed design should be checked to satisfy the outlet velocity and temperature requirements. In current study, the abilities of computational fluid dynamics have been assessed to obtain the crucial profiles without the experimental difficulties. Regarding the special characteristics of flow and geometry, numerical solution may not be performed without taking some techniques into the CFD modeling. The actual HRSG inlet channel incorporates one perforated plate to correct the flow and three burner elements inside its wide-angle diffuser. Investigations have shown that the perforated plate and heat exchanger modules can be modeled by porous jump boundary condition and the burner elements by radiator faces respectively. Realizable k-e with non-equilibrium wall function seems to be the most optimum turbulence model for solution of the problem. KeywordsHRSG; Inlet Duct; Flow Correction; Diffuser; CFD","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80322667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The UK is an internationally important area for tidal energy, with half of the extractable European tidal resource estimated to be in UK territorial waters [1]. Marine (wave and tidal) energy resources are said to have the potential to supply up to 20% of national electricity demand [2], and now is a critical time in the development of tidal energy, with a wide range of devices at the design and testing stage, some in the water, and a few generating meaningful amounts of electricity. The recent announcement of an increase in financial support for tidal devices is also a very positive development [3]. Many people believe that the UK tidal energy industry is currently in a similar position to the wind energy industry in the mid-1980s, and lies at the bottom of a very steep and exciting development curve. Numerous companies have developed tidal energy machines, and the vast majority are designed to be operated in arrays, or “farms” of multiple devices, similar to those used in the on- and off-shore wind industry. No such tidal farms currently exist, although some are being developed [4]. This paper discusses the challenges the UK tidal industry is expected to face during the design, building, installation and operation of an array of tidal devices rated at 100 MW. A meeting was held during the RenewableUK conference in October 2011 to discuss the future of the industry, and notes from this meeting were drawn on during the writing of this paper. The author would like to thank everyone who contributed to this event. The conclusion of this paper is that there are many challenges standing between the current position of the industry and deployment of a 100 MW array. It is very easy to focus, as is the case in mainstream media, on the development of the turbine devices themselves, however many of the challenges lie in other areas, such as installation, cabling and connection. Nonetheless, these challenges are not insurmountable, and by taking a holistic approach to the design of a tidal array and working together these challenges will be solved.
{"title":"Barriers to the Deployment of a 100 MW Tidal Energy Array in the UK","authors":"S. R. Walker","doi":"10.5963/IJEE0303004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5963/IJEE0303004","url":null,"abstract":"The UK is an internationally important area for tidal energy, with half of the extractable European tidal resource estimated to be in UK territorial waters [1]. Marine (wave and tidal) energy resources are said to have the potential to supply up to 20% of national electricity demand [2], and now is a critical time in the development of tidal energy, with a wide range of devices at the design and testing stage, some in the water, and a few generating meaningful amounts of electricity. The recent announcement of an increase in financial support for tidal devices is also a very positive development [3]. Many people believe that the UK tidal energy industry is currently in a similar position to the wind energy industry in the mid-1980s, and lies at the bottom of a very steep and exciting development curve. Numerous companies have developed tidal energy machines, and the vast majority are designed to be operated in arrays, or “farms” of multiple devices, similar to those used in the on- and off-shore wind industry. No such tidal farms currently exist, although some are being developed [4]. This paper discusses the challenges the UK tidal industry is expected to face during the design, building, installation and operation of an array of tidal devices rated at 100 MW. A meeting was held during the RenewableUK conference in October 2011 to discuss the future of the industry, and notes from this meeting were drawn on during the writing of this paper. The author would like to thank everyone who contributed to this event. The conclusion of this paper is that there are many challenges standing between the current position of the industry and deployment of a 100 MW array. It is very easy to focus, as is the case in mainstream media, on the development of the turbine devices themselves, however many of the challenges lie in other areas, such as installation, cabling and connection. Nonetheless, these challenges are not insurmountable, and by taking a holistic approach to the design of a tidal array and working together these challenges will be solved.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88295141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The applications of solar dish and thermoelectric generator have the research potential as green and clean energy generation from solar thermal route. In this paper, an attempt has been made to conduct an experimental study on small scale solar parabolic dish thermoelectric generator. The solar parabolic dish collector is fabricated using an unused satellite dish antenna fitted with polished aluminum sheet as concentrator surface. Thermoelectric generator consists of commercial thermoelectric modules embedded between the receiver plate and water cooled heat sink which is placed on the focal plane of manual tracking parabolic dish collector. The concentrated solar radiation and water cooled heat sink is the driving potential to generate electricity, various operating parameters like receiver plate temperature, power output and conversion efficiency with respect to solar radiation are studied. It is found that the receiver plate temperature is significantly affecting the power output. Also, in this study it is identified to reuse the unused dish antenna for solar collector and coupled with commercial thermoelectric module is simple fabrication method easy to adopt in the rural techno craft for small scale power generator to meet the isolated energy demands.
{"title":"Experimental Study on Solar Parabolic Dish Thermoelectric Generator","authors":"M. Eswaramoorthy, S. Shanmugam, A. Veerappan","doi":"10.5963/IJEE0303001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5963/IJEE0303001","url":null,"abstract":"The applications of solar dish and thermoelectric generator have the research potential as green and clean energy generation from solar thermal route. In this paper, an attempt has been made to conduct an experimental study on small scale solar parabolic dish thermoelectric generator. The solar parabolic dish collector is fabricated using an unused satellite dish antenna fitted with polished aluminum sheet as concentrator surface. Thermoelectric generator consists of commercial thermoelectric modules embedded between the receiver plate and water cooled heat sink which is placed on the focal plane of manual tracking parabolic dish collector. The concentrated solar radiation and water cooled heat sink is the driving potential to generate electricity, various operating parameters like receiver plate temperature, power output and conversion efficiency with respect to solar radiation are studied. It is found that the receiver plate temperature is significantly affecting the power output. Also, in this study it is identified to reuse the unused dish antenna for solar collector and coupled with commercial thermoelectric module is simple fabrication method easy to adopt in the rural techno craft for small scale power generator to meet the isolated energy demands.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87464241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Kottegoda, Sujith Kohobhange, H.C.D.P. Colomboge, D. Samarawickrama, C. H. Manorathne
Contamination of water due to various organic substances such as bacteria, pesticides causes serious health issues. A reactor system was fabricated utilizing renewable solar energy for purification of pollutants dissolved in drinking water. A novel glass tube based prototype reactor was constructed by coating nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) inside the glass tubes. The Nano-TiO2 was deposited on the bottom surface of the clear glass tubes and is connected in parallel increasing the surface area. For highly contaminated water, increased number of connected tubes and/or several reactors and/or slow flow rate of water are possible. In the present study single reactor module was used for convenience. The reactor was exposed to sunlight and the contaminated water was passed through the reactor. The photocatalytic activity including antibacterial activity was tested using Methylene blue and the bacterial culture, Escherichia coli. The reactor system is found to be effective in decontaminating the tested organic entities. The reactor module can be used to purify water for drinking purpose and can be fixed on top of roofs for exposure to sunlight. KeywordsSolar Energy; Titanium Dioxide; Photocatalyst
{"title":"An Efficient Reactor for Purification of Domestic Water Using Solar Energy","authors":"I. Kottegoda, Sujith Kohobhange, H.C.D.P. Colomboge, D. Samarawickrama, C. H. Manorathne","doi":"10.5963/IJEE0303005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5963/IJEE0303005","url":null,"abstract":"Contamination of water due to various organic substances such as bacteria, pesticides causes serious health issues. A reactor system was fabricated utilizing renewable solar energy for purification of pollutants dissolved in drinking water. A novel glass tube based prototype reactor was constructed by coating nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) inside the glass tubes. The Nano-TiO2 was deposited on the bottom surface of the clear glass tubes and is connected in parallel increasing the surface area. For highly contaminated water, increased number of connected tubes and/or several reactors and/or slow flow rate of water are possible. In the present study single reactor module was used for convenience. The reactor was exposed to sunlight and the contaminated water was passed through the reactor. The photocatalytic activity including antibacterial activity was tested using Methylene blue and the bacterial culture, Escherichia coli. The reactor system is found to be effective in decontaminating the tested organic entities. The reactor module can be used to purify water for drinking purpose and can be fixed on top of roofs for exposure to sunlight. KeywordsSolar Energy; Titanium Dioxide; Photocatalyst","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87707255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-01DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20130303.09
Robinson Musembi, B. O. Aduda, J. Mwabora, M. Rusu, K. Fostiropoulos, M. Lux‐Steiner
Transport mechanism studies in TiO2/In(OH)xSy/Pb(OH)xSy/PEDOT:PSS eta solar cell have been carried out. The characterizations have been performed both in the dark and under vary ing illu mination intensity for temperature range 200 K - 320 K. Calcu lations from ideality factor have shown that the recombination process of the eta solar cell in the dark to be tunneling enhanced, while under illu mination it is thermally activated and takes place through exponentially distributed energy recombination levels. The temperature has been found to influence series resistance of the solar cell. Series resistance has been found to be high at low temperature and low at higher temperature, thus we can conclude that the recombination is thermally act ivated.
研究了TiO2/ in (OH)xSy/Pb(OH)xSy/PEDOT:PSS太阳能电池的输运机理。在200 K - 320 K的温度范围内，在黑暗和不同的照明强度下进行了表征。理想因子计算表明，在黑暗条件下，eta太阳能电池的复合过程隧穿增强，而在光照条件下，它是热激活的，并通过指数分布的能量复合水平进行。已经发现温度对太阳能电池的串联电阻有影响。串联电阻在低温时高，在高温时低，因此我们可以得出结论，复合是热作用的。
{"title":"Effect of Recombination on Series Resistance in eta Solar Cell Modified with In(OH)xSy Buffer Layer","authors":"Robinson Musembi, B. O. Aduda, J. Mwabora, M. Rusu, K. Fostiropoulos, M. Lux‐Steiner","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20130303.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20130303.09","url":null,"abstract":"Transport mechanism studies in TiO2/In(OH)xSy/Pb(OH)xSy/PEDOT:PSS eta solar cell have been carried out. The characterizations have been performed both in the dark and under vary ing illu mination intensity for temperature range 200 K - 320 K. Calcu lations from ideality factor have shown that the recombination process of the eta solar cell in the dark to be tunneling enhanced, while under illu mination it is thermally activated and takes place through exponentially distributed energy recombination levels. The temperature has been found to influence series resistance of the solar cell. Series resistance has been found to be high at low temperature and low at higher temperature, thus we can conclude that the recombination is thermally act ivated.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80906321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study concludes that much can be gained from harmonisation of historic life cycle estimates and moving towards a standard approach for carbon assessment of given technologies should be seen as an industry imperative. Wind power estimates lying within the interquartile range of meta-analyses such as presented in this paper and elsewhere should be considered to be reliable. However, the effects of wind generation intermittency on the carbon efficiency of thermal generation plant elsewhere in a supply network is not fully quantified and must be investigated to improve our knowledge of the overall carbon emissions produced by the deployment of wind generation plant.
{"title":"Valuing the Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wind Power","authors":"E. Owens, Samuel S. B. Chapman","doi":"10.5963/IJEE0302006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5963/IJEE0302006","url":null,"abstract":"This study concludes that much can be gained from harmonisation of historic life cycle estimates and moving towards a standard approach for carbon assessment of given technologies should be seen as an industry imperative. Wind power estimates lying within the interquartile range of meta-analyses such as presented in this paper and elsewhere should be considered to be reliable. However, the effects of wind generation intermittency on the carbon efficiency of thermal generation plant elsewhere in a supply network is not fully quantified and must be investigated to improve our knowledge of the overall carbon emissions produced by the deployment of wind generation plant.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75382358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-01DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20130302.03
Hacene Mellah, K. Hemsas
Permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) have a bright prospect in the small wind turbine (WT) applications; PMSGs co mpared to the conventional electrically excitated generators have many advantages, that's why they have attracted many and a strong interest of research. In this paper, a co mparative PMSG performance study's is presented, these performances is studied as a function of physical material like the type of permanent magnet (high, poor, average and linear), as a function of the environ mental conditions as rotor speed, finally, as a function of the design and geometrical parameters (rotor length, number of poles, nu mber of stator slots). These results are obtained by finite element method (FEM ); this approach is a powerful and useful tool to study and design PMSGs, as represented in this paper.
{"title":"Simulations Analysis with Comparative Study of a PMSG Performances for Small WT Application by FEM","authors":"Hacene Mellah, K. Hemsas","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20130302.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20130302.03","url":null,"abstract":"Permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) have a bright prospect in the small wind turbine (WT) applications; PMSGs co mpared to the conventional electrically excitated generators have many advantages, that's why they have attracted many and a strong interest of research. In this paper, a co mparative PMSG performance study's is presented, these performances is studied as a function of physical material like the type of permanent magnet (high, poor, average and linear), as a function of the environ mental conditions as rotor speed, finally, as a function of the design and geometrical parameters (rotor length, number of poles, nu mber of stator slots). These results are obtained by finite element method (FEM ); this approach is a powerful and useful tool to study and design PMSGs, as represented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86181002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-01-01DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20130302.04
M. Eissa, G. Virk, A. M. Abdelghany, E. S. Ghith
Industrial processes are subjected to variation in parameters and parameter perturbations, which when significant makes the system unstable. In order to overcome this problem of parameter variation the PI controllers are widely used in industrial plants because it is simple and robust. However there is a problem in tuning PI parameters. So the control engineers are on look for automatic tuning procedures. In recent years, many intelligence algorithms are proposed to tuning the PI parameters. Tuning PI parameters using different optimal algorithms such as the simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization algorithm. In this paper a scheduling PI tuning parameters using particle swarm optimization strategy for an induction motor speed control is proposed. The results of our work have showed a very low transient response and a non-oscillating steady state response with excellent stabilization. The simulation results presented in this paper show the effectiveness of the proposed method, with satisfied response for PSO-PI controller.
{"title":"Optimum Induction Motor Speed Control Technique Using Particle Swarm Optimization","authors":"M. Eissa, G. Virk, A. M. Abdelghany, E. S. Ghith","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20130302.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20130302.04","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial processes are subjected to variation in parameters and parameter perturbations, which when significant makes the system unstable. In order to overcome this problem of parameter variation the PI controllers are widely used in industrial plants because it is simple and robust. However there is a problem in tuning PI parameters. So the control engineers are on look for automatic tuning procedures. In recent years, many intelligence algorithms are proposed to tuning the PI parameters. Tuning PI parameters using different optimal algorithms such as the simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization algorithm. In this paper a scheduling PI tuning parameters using particle swarm optimization strategy for an induction motor speed control is proposed. The results of our work have showed a very low transient response and a non-oscillating steady state response with excellent stabilization. The simulation results presented in this paper show the effectiveness of the proposed method, with satisfied response for PSO-PI controller.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86206719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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