Pub Date : 2012-05-09DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20120203.06
Rakhmad Syafutra Lubis
The Generalized Unified Power Flow Controller (GUPFC) is a Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controller for shunt and series compensation among the multiline transmission systems of a substation. The paper proposes a full model comprising of 60-pulse Gate Turn-Off thyristor VSC that is constructed becomes the GUPFC in digital simulation system and investigates the dynamic operation of control scheme for shunt and two series VSC for active and reactive power compensation and voltage stabilization of the electric grid network. The complete digital simulation of the shunt VSC operating as a Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) controlling voltage at bus and two series VSC operating as a Static Synchronous Series Capacitor (SSSC) controlling injected voltage, while keeping injected voltage in quadrature with current within the power system is performed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment using the Power System Block set (PSB). The GUPFC, control system scheme and the electric grid network are modelled by specific electric blocks from the power system block set. The controllers for the shunt VSC and two series VSCs are pre- sented in this paper based on the decoupled current control strategy. The performance of GUPFC scheme connected to the 500-kV grid is evaluated. The proposed GUPFC controller scheme is fully validated by digital simulation.
{"title":"Digital Simulation of the Generalized Unified Power Flow Controller System with 60-Pulse GTO-Based Voltage Source Converter","authors":"Rakhmad Syafutra Lubis","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20120203.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20120203.06","url":null,"abstract":"The Generalized Unified Power Flow Controller (GUPFC) is a Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controller for shunt and series compensation among the multiline transmission systems of a substation. The paper proposes a full model comprising of 60-pulse Gate Turn-Off thyristor VSC that is constructed becomes the GUPFC in digital simulation system and investigates the dynamic operation of control scheme for shunt and two series VSC for active and reactive power compensation and voltage stabilization of the electric grid network. The complete digital simulation of the shunt VSC operating as a Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) controlling voltage at bus and two series VSC operating as a Static Synchronous Series Capacitor (SSSC) controlling injected voltage, while keeping injected voltage in quadrature with current within the power system is performed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment using the Power System Block set (PSB). The GUPFC, control system scheme and the electric grid network are modelled by specific electric blocks from the power system block set. The controllers for the shunt VSC and two series VSCs are pre- sented in this paper based on the decoupled current control strategy. The performance of GUPFC scheme connected to the 500-kV grid is evaluated. The proposed GUPFC controller scheme is fully validated by digital simulation.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81429870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-09DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20120203.05
I. Garba, Y. Jibril, K. LaminuS.
The study involves an energy audit of Pu mps used to pump fluid fro m lower level to higher level by using electrical energy. A case study was conducted on centrifugal pu mps at Ah madu Bello University Water treat ment plant, series of energy audit was conducted to record various parameters v iz., discharge, pressure, voltage, current, power, power factor and efficiencies to calculate the total electrical energy consumption per day and total actual energy use per day, maximu m (VA )demand, maximu m (KW )demand, consumption figures of the whole pu mp in the p lant, energy cost figures of the plant in (KWh), where we discovered very high energy wastage during operation .Therefore ways to reduce energy consumption by the replacement of the present pumps with inverter co mpatible energy efficient pu mps and various conservation methods are recommended for optimu m utilizat ion, this study will help other pump ing stations.
{"title":"An Electrical Energy Audit of Water Pumping Machines","authors":"I. Garba, Y. Jibril, K. LaminuS.","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20120203.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20120203.05","url":null,"abstract":"The study involves an energy audit of Pu mps used to pump fluid fro m lower level to higher level by using electrical energy. A case study was conducted on centrifugal pu mps at Ah madu Bello University Water treat ment plant, series of energy audit was conducted to record various parameters v iz., discharge, pressure, voltage, current, power, power factor and efficiencies to calculate the total electrical energy consumption per day and total actual energy use per day, maximu m (VA )demand, maximu m (KW )demand, consumption figures of the whole pu mp in the p lant, energy cost figures of the plant in (KWh), where we discovered very high energy wastage during operation .Therefore ways to reduce energy consumption by the replacement of the present pumps with inverter co mpatible energy efficient pu mps and various conservation methods are recommended for optimu m utilizat ion, this study will help other pump ing stations.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72918643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-09DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20120203.02
C. Ayieko, Robinson Musembi, S. Waita, B. O. Aduda, P. Jain
Undoped and nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films of 400 nm thick deposited by spray pyrolysis were structurally and optically characterized. The effect of substrate temperature on the optical properties of the films was also investigated. Structural studies of the films were undertaken by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum analysis was used to confirm the presence of nitrogen atoms in the film after doping. The optical properties such as refractive index (n), energy band gap (Eg) and Urbach energy (Eu) were determined from spectrophotometric measurements of reflectance and transmittance for both undoped and doped films. The Undoped films had an energy band gap of 3.25 eV while the doped films had band gap of 2.90 eV. The Urbach energy increased from 1.00 eV for undoped films to 1.04 eV for the nitrogen-doped films. The reduction in energy band gap and increase in Urbach energy was attributed to the introduction of nitrogen impurity tail states on either the conduction band or the valence band of the titanium dioxide.
{"title":"Structural and Optical Characterization of Nitrogen-doped TiO2 Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis on Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide (FTO) Coated Glass Slides","authors":"C. Ayieko, Robinson Musembi, S. Waita, B. O. Aduda, P. Jain","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20120203.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20120203.02","url":null,"abstract":"Undoped and nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films of 400 nm thick deposited by spray pyrolysis were structurally and optically characterized. The effect of substrate temperature on the optical properties of the films was also investigated. Structural studies of the films were undertaken by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum analysis was used to confirm the presence of nitrogen atoms in the film after doping. The optical properties such as refractive index (n), energy band gap (Eg) and Urbach energy (Eu) were determined from spectrophotometric measurements of reflectance and transmittance for both undoped and doped films. The Undoped films had an energy band gap of 3.25 eV while the doped films had band gap of 2.90 eV. The Urbach energy increased from 1.00 eV for undoped films to 1.04 eV for the nitrogen-doped films. The reduction in energy band gap and increase in Urbach energy was attributed to the introduction of nitrogen impurity tail states on either the conduction band or the valence band of the titanium dioxide.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79243031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-09DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.05
M. Ismail, G. Tawfik, Hadj Abdallah Hsen
With the electricity market deregulation, the number of unplanned power exchanges increases. If these exchanges are not controlled, some lines may become overloaded. Network contingencies often contribute to overloading of branches, violation of voltages and also leading to problem security. This paper presents a procedure based on the contingency severity index (CSI) described by a real power flow performance index (PI) to place multi type FACTS devices (Flexible AC Transmission System) in order to eliminate or alleviate the line over loads. TCSC and UPFC are considered and modeled for steady state analysis. Once the location is determined, their type, their optimal settings and cost of installation can be obtained by solving the optimization problem using genetic algorithms (GA). The proposed approach is tested on 9-bus test system.
{"title":"Optimal Location of Multi Type FACTS Devices for Multiple Contingencies Using Genetic Algorithms","authors":"M. Ismail, G. Tawfik, Hadj Abdallah Hsen","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.05","url":null,"abstract":"With the electricity market deregulation, the number of unplanned power exchanges increases. If these exchanges are not controlled, some lines may become overloaded. Network contingencies often contribute to overloading of branches, violation of voltages and also leading to problem security. This paper presents a procedure based on the contingency severity index (CSI) described by a real power flow performance index (PI) to place multi type FACTS devices (Flexible AC Transmission System) in order to eliminate or alleviate the line over loads. TCSC and UPFC are considered and modeled for steady state analysis. Once the location is determined, their type, their optimal settings and cost of installation can be obtained by solving the optimization problem using genetic algorithms (GA). The proposed approach is tested on 9-bus test system.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90286608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-09DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20120201.06
A. Omer
This paper discusses a comprehensive review of biomass energy sources, environment and sustainable devel- opment. This includes the biomass energy technologies, energy efficiency systems, energy conservation scenarios, energy savings and other measures necessary to reduce climate change. Energy use reductions can be achieved by minimising the energy demand, by rational energy use, and by recovering heat. The increased availability of reliable and efficient energy services stimulates the use of more green energies. The adoption of green or sustainable approaches to the way in which society is run is seen as an important strategy in finding a solution to the energy problem. The key factors to reducing and controlling CO2 emissions to the atmospheric sink, which is the major contributor to global warming, are the use of alterna- tive approaches to energy generation and the exploration of how these alternatives are used today and may be used in the future as green energy sources.
{"title":"Research and Technological Development on Bio-Energy","authors":"A. Omer","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20120201.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20120201.06","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses a comprehensive review of biomass energy sources, environment and sustainable devel- opment. This includes the biomass energy technologies, energy efficiency systems, energy conservation scenarios, energy savings and other measures necessary to reduce climate change. Energy use reductions can be achieved by minimising the energy demand, by rational energy use, and by recovering heat. The increased availability of reliable and efficient energy services stimulates the use of more green energies. The adoption of green or sustainable approaches to the way in which society is run is seen as an important strategy in finding a solution to the energy problem. The key factors to reducing and controlling CO2 emissions to the atmospheric sink, which is the major contributor to global warming, are the use of alterna- tive approaches to energy generation and the exploration of how these alternatives are used today and may be used in the future as green energy sources.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89942500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-09DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.01
N. Mancer, B. Mahdad, K. Srairi
This paper proposes, an efficient variant of particle swarm optimization (PSO) to solve the multi-objective optimal reactive power flow (ORPF) based flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) using multi STATCOM Controllers by adjusting dynamically their parameters setting. Two objectives function are considered (power loss and voltage devia- tion) to validate the robustness of the proposed approach. The performance of the proposed variant based PSO approach has been tested on the standard test system IEEE 30-bus; simulation results compared to the standard PSO confirm the effectiveness of the proposed variant to solving the multi-objective reactive power considering multi STATCOM Control- lers.
{"title":"Multi Objective Optimal Reactive Power Flow Based STATCOM Using Three Variant of PSO","authors":"N. Mancer, B. Mahdad, K. Srairi","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes, an efficient variant of particle swarm optimization (PSO) to solve the multi-objective optimal reactive power flow (ORPF) based flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) using multi STATCOM Controllers by adjusting dynamically their parameters setting. Two objectives function are considered (power loss and voltage devia- tion) to validate the robustness of the proposed approach. The performance of the proposed variant based PSO approach has been tested on the standard test system IEEE 30-bus; simulation results compared to the standard PSO confirm the effectiveness of the proposed variant to solving the multi-objective reactive power considering multi STATCOM Control- lers.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80245896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-09DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.02
O. Ogunleye, O. Eletta
Nonlinear programming models of solvent extraction of Jatropha curcas oil that forms the thrust of this paper is uncommon in literature. The oil was extracted using two solvents (n-hexane and Isopropanol) at a powder weight to solvent volume of 1:5 and particle size of between 0.5mm and 0.75 mm. A randomized 31 set of central composite design comprising three factors (solvent composition(0 - 100% n-haxane), time of extraction(1 - 5hours) and extraction temperatures(40 - 60℃) at five levels were experimented. Oil yield, specific gravity, viscosity, free fatty acid (FFAs) and iodine value of the oil extracts were determined. Response equation of each of oil yield (R1), specific gravity (R2), viscosity (R3), FFA (R4) and iodine value (R5) in terms of solvent composition (X1), time of extraction (X2) and temperature (X3) were developed. These were formulated into a nonlinear programme that maximize oil yield and minimizes other four properties according to ASTM D6751-07b and EN 14214-2008 (E) standards for biodiesel production. The coefficients of determination (R 2 ) for the re- sponses equations were 1.000, 1.000, 0.953, 0.963 and 0.968 respectively. The nonlinear programme yields a maximum oil yield (R1) of 37.3507 %, R2 = 0.88597, R3 =39.771 , R4 = 2.1185 and R5 = 101.51, while the optimum operating conditions were X1 = 2 (100% n haxane), X2 =2 (5 hours ) and X3 = 2 (60℃). This study has clearly demonstrated the applicability of nonlinear mathematical programming in selecting extraction conditions for jatropha oil from its seed.
{"title":"Nonlinear Programming for Solvent Extraction of Jatropha Curcas Seed Oil for Biodesiel Production","authors":"O. Ogunleye, O. Eletta","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.02","url":null,"abstract":"Nonlinear programming models of solvent extraction of Jatropha curcas oil that forms the thrust of this paper is uncommon in literature. The oil was extracted using two solvents (n-hexane and Isopropanol) at a powder weight to solvent volume of 1:5 and particle size of between 0.5mm and 0.75 mm. A randomized 31 set of central composite design comprising three factors (solvent composition(0 - 100% n-haxane), time of extraction(1 - 5hours) and extraction temperatures(40 - 60℃) at five levels were experimented. Oil yield, specific gravity, viscosity, free fatty acid (FFAs) and iodine value of the oil extracts were determined. Response equation of each of oil yield (R1), specific gravity (R2), viscosity (R3), FFA (R4) and iodine value (R5) in terms of solvent composition (X1), time of extraction (X2) and temperature (X3) were developed. These were formulated into a nonlinear programme that maximize oil yield and minimizes other four properties according to ASTM D6751-07b and EN 14214-2008 (E) standards for biodiesel production. The coefficients of determination (R 2 ) for the re- sponses equations were 1.000, 1.000, 0.953, 0.963 and 0.968 respectively. The nonlinear programme yields a maximum oil yield (R1) of 37.3507 %, R2 = 0.88597, R3 =39.771 , R4 = 2.1185 and R5 = 101.51, while the optimum operating conditions were X1 = 2 (100% n haxane), X2 =2 (5 hours ) and X3 = 2 (60℃). This study has clearly demonstrated the applicability of nonlinear mathematical programming in selecting extraction conditions for jatropha oil from its seed.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90642944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-09DOI: 10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.07
J. Oji, N. Idusuyi, T. Aliu, Moses Omolayo Petinrin, O. A. Odejobi, A. Adetunji
This study presents the viabilities for power generation in Nigeria through the utilization of the sun's energy. Solar-thermal and photovoltaic options were discussed. It highlights the basic science for the design and selection of com- ponents for successfully harnessing solar power. Requirements for solar panel placement and orientation were also high- lighted. It emphasizes that the knowledge and experience gained in solar energy as an abundant and convenient energy source, can play a role in steering the nation toward a permanent and sustainable development. The energy demand in Nigeria far outweighs the supply which is epileptic in nature. The acute electricity supply hinders the country's develop- ment notwithstanding the availability of vast natural resources in the country. Our ability to continue the trend for afford- able energy will be severely tested in the coming decades, as evidenced by the widening trade imbalance, collapse of big manufacturing companies, sharp increase in the cost of doing business just to mention but a few. It is the issue of utilizing the sun's silent, inexhaustible, and non-polluting resource for power generation in Nigeria that this work addresses; hence it is the long-range review of the energy problem.
{"title":"Utilization of Solar Energy for Power Generation in Nigeria","authors":"J. Oji, N. Idusuyi, T. Aliu, Moses Omolayo Petinrin, O. A. Odejobi, A. Adetunji","doi":"10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJEE.20120202.07","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the viabilities for power generation in Nigeria through the utilization of the sun's energy. Solar-thermal and photovoltaic options were discussed. It highlights the basic science for the design and selection of com- ponents for successfully harnessing solar power. Requirements for solar panel placement and orientation were also high- lighted. It emphasizes that the knowledge and experience gained in solar energy as an abundant and convenient energy source, can play a role in steering the nation toward a permanent and sustainable development. The energy demand in Nigeria far outweighs the supply which is epileptic in nature. The acute electricity supply hinders the country's develop- ment notwithstanding the availability of vast natural resources in the country. Our ability to continue the trend for afford- able energy will be severely tested in the coming decades, as evidenced by the widening trade imbalance, collapse of big manufacturing companies, sharp increase in the cost of doing business just to mention but a few. It is the issue of utilizing the sun's silent, inexhaustible, and non-polluting resource for power generation in Nigeria that this work addresses; hence it is the long-range review of the energy problem.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91441266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes the riding robot system named by "RideBot-II" which is a riding robot like as a horse. In order to simulate the riding motions, we developed the saddle mechanism which can generate 4 DOF motions including pitch, roll, bounce and slide movement, and also we controlled the riding motions and the intention of horseman. To generate the riding motions with the bodily sensation, we developed Novel Washout Filter and the algorithms for motion control. And also, we developed some health care service for the health care of horseman. A body state index was proposed that evaluates the personal health state from both the measured physiological variables and the surveyed questions. The physiological variables such as weight, blood pressure, heart rate variability(HRV), accelerated state photoplethysmograph (APG), body fat, and happiness index were measured by the specially designed bio-handle system and survey questions. The efficiency of the proposed ride robot is evaluated in the experiments Keywords-Riding Robot, Horseback Motions, Entertainment, Healthcare, Riding Motion Control.
{"title":"The Riding Robot System with 4 DOF Horseback Motions and Healthcare Service for Entertainment","authors":"Mee-Seub Lim, Joonhong Lim","doi":"10.5963/IJEE0102003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5963/IJEE0102003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the riding robot system named by \"RideBot-II\" which is a riding robot like as a horse. In order to simulate the riding motions, we developed the saddle mechanism which can generate 4 DOF motions including pitch, roll, bounce and slide movement, and also we controlled the riding motions and the intention of horseman. To generate the riding motions with the bodily sensation, we developed Novel Washout Filter and the algorithms for motion control. And also, we developed some health care service for the health care of horseman. A body state index was proposed that evaluates the personal health state from both the measured physiological variables and the surveyed questions. The physiological variables such as weight, blood pressure, heart rate variability(HRV), accelerated state photoplethysmograph (APG), body fat, and happiness index were measured by the specially designed bio-handle system and survey questions. The efficiency of the proposed ride robot is evaluated in the experiments Keywords-Riding Robot, Horseback Motions, Entertainment, Healthcare, Riding Motion Control.","PeriodicalId":14041,"journal":{"name":"International journal of energy engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81157559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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