Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2021.1947422
P. W. Molleman, J. Driessen, C. Schilder, B. H. Bulten, I. Brazil
Abstract Objective The main aim was to investigate whether forensic psychiatric inpatients can be distinguished from prisoners and non-offender healthy controls based on their performance on neurocognitive tasks measuring behavioral inhibition and behavioral activation. Method This study used preexisting data from 120 male forensic psychiatric inpatients, 60 male prisoners and 66 male non-offender healthy controls. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to study the links between our outcome measures and group membership. To this end, we used outcome measures from a Continuous Performance task, an emotional Stroop task and behavioral inhibition system and behavioral activation system (BIS/BAS) questionnaire. Results BIS/BAS scores had discriminatory power for distinguishing forensic psychiatric inpatients from prisoners. Measures from the Continuous Performance task and the emotional Stroop task did not significantly differ between the offender groups. Conclusions BIS/BAS are relevant concepts in the context of criminal behavior and could play a role in the development of new approaches to subtype offender populations, because they seem useful for differentiating forensic psychiatric inpatients from prisoners. For clinical practice, our results suggest that these concepts should be routinely assessed as part of neuropsychological testing in forensic psychiatric settings.
{"title":"Behavioral Inhibition and Activation System Factors in Offenders and Non-Offenders","authors":"P. W. Molleman, J. Driessen, C. Schilder, B. H. Bulten, I. Brazil","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2021.1947422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2021.1947422","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective The main aim was to investigate whether forensic psychiatric inpatients can be distinguished from prisoners and non-offender healthy controls based on their performance on neurocognitive tasks measuring behavioral inhibition and behavioral activation. Method This study used preexisting data from 120 male forensic psychiatric inpatients, 60 male prisoners and 66 male non-offender healthy controls. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to study the links between our outcome measures and group membership. To this end, we used outcome measures from a Continuous Performance task, an emotional Stroop task and behavioral inhibition system and behavioral activation system (BIS/BAS) questionnaire. Results BIS/BAS scores had discriminatory power for distinguishing forensic psychiatric inpatients from prisoners. Measures from the Continuous Performance task and the emotional Stroop task did not significantly differ between the offender groups. Conclusions BIS/BAS are relevant concepts in the context of criminal behavior and could play a role in the development of new approaches to subtype offender populations, because they seem useful for differentiating forensic psychiatric inpatients from prisoners. For clinical practice, our results suggest that these concepts should be routinely assessed as part of neuropsychological testing in forensic psychiatric settings.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14999013.2021.1947422","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43204462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-04DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2021.1934195
Nele Van Hecke, Florien Meulewaeter, S. Rowaert, C. Nieuwenhuizen, L. Van Damme, W. Vanderplasschen, S. Vandevelde
Abstract This study investigated adolescents’ Quality of Life and mental health needs during the first weeks in a closed institution for mandatory care and treatment to inform (gender-specific) rehabilitation. Questionnaires concerning socio-demographic variables, Quality of Life and mental health needs were administered (n = 182; 90 boys and 92 girls; mean age = 16.2). Given the high prevalence of mental health needs in this study population and their significant negative correlation with QoL, we argue for a holistic view on rehabilitation and to broaden treatment aims in youth forensic care by including not only determinants of recidivism but also determinants of QoL.
{"title":"Adolescents’ Quality of Life and Mental Health Needs during the Initial Phase in a Closed Institution","authors":"Nele Van Hecke, Florien Meulewaeter, S. Rowaert, C. Nieuwenhuizen, L. Van Damme, W. Vanderplasschen, S. Vandevelde","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2021.1934195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2021.1934195","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated adolescents’ Quality of Life and mental health needs during the first weeks in a closed institution for mandatory care and treatment to inform (gender-specific) rehabilitation. Questionnaires concerning socio-demographic variables, Quality of Life and mental health needs were administered (n = 182; 90 boys and 92 girls; mean age = 16.2). Given the high prevalence of mental health needs in this study population and their significant negative correlation with QoL, we argue for a holistic view on rehabilitation and to broaden treatment aims in youth forensic care by including not only determinants of recidivism but also determinants of QoL.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14999013.2021.1934195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48941052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-21DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2021.1928339
Victoria B. M. Verheijen, Menno W. Segeren, T. Fassaert, C. Grimbergen
Abstract Despite the recognized importance of mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID) among offender populations, there is insufficient understanding of its prevalence and associations with other social-psychiatric problems. Therefore this study investigated MBID prevalence and its relation with psychopathology and self-sufficiency problems (SSPs) in important life-domains among young adult violent repeat offenders (N = 432) enrolled in a focused deterrence program in Amsterdam. Offenders participated voluntarily in a social psychiatric screening which included the Screener for Intellectual Disability and Learning Disorders (SCIL) to assess MBID, the Dutch version of the self-sufficiency matrix (SSM-D) to assess SSPs, and an assessment of the presence of psychiatric disorders according to DSM methodology. Results showed an MBID prevalence of 51.1%. Nearly all offenders presented with at least one psychiatric disorder (95.0%) and SSPs in multiple life-domains. Among MBID offenders, symptoms of mood- and anxiety disorders, substance dependency and higher variety in SSPs were more frequently observed than among non MBID offenders. These results indicate the importance of adapting communication and treatment programs to increase their responsivity to MBID offenders. Self-sufficiency problems, that may reflect shortcomings in adaptive functioning specifically among MBID offenders, can be considered criminogenic needs and should be targeted accordingly to reduce recidivism.
{"title":"Intellectual Disability among Violent Repeat Offenders and Its Relation with Psychopathology and Self-Sufficiency","authors":"Victoria B. M. Verheijen, Menno W. Segeren, T. Fassaert, C. Grimbergen","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2021.1928339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2021.1928339","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite the recognized importance of mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID) among offender populations, there is insufficient understanding of its prevalence and associations with other social-psychiatric problems. Therefore this study investigated MBID prevalence and its relation with psychopathology and self-sufficiency problems (SSPs) in important life-domains among young adult violent repeat offenders (N = 432) enrolled in a focused deterrence program in Amsterdam. Offenders participated voluntarily in a social psychiatric screening which included the Screener for Intellectual Disability and Learning Disorders (SCIL) to assess MBID, the Dutch version of the self-sufficiency matrix (SSM-D) to assess SSPs, and an assessment of the presence of psychiatric disorders according to DSM methodology. Results showed an MBID prevalence of 51.1%. Nearly all offenders presented with at least one psychiatric disorder (95.0%) and SSPs in multiple life-domains. Among MBID offenders, symptoms of mood- and anxiety disorders, substance dependency and higher variety in SSPs were more frequently observed than among non MBID offenders. These results indicate the importance of adapting communication and treatment programs to increase their responsivity to MBID offenders. Self-sufficiency problems, that may reflect shortcomings in adaptive functioning specifically among MBID offenders, can be considered criminogenic needs and should be targeted accordingly to reduce recidivism.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14999013.2021.1928339","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44764091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-04DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2021.1906798
I. Banovic, F. Filippi, D. Viglione, F. Scrima, A. Zennaro, Angelo Zappalá, L. Giromini
Abstract Evaluating the credibility of the respondent’s cognitive and psychological complaints is a core component of forensic mental health assessment. The Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29) and a new IOP-Memory module (IOP-M) are designed specifically for that purpose. Initial research suggests that they might provide practitioners with a quick and thus potentially efficient check of an examinee’s presentation credibility, based on the integration of both symptom and performance validity indicators. To contribute to emerging research on this topic, this study used a simulation design to examine the validity of the IOP-29 and IOP-M and their robustness in detecting coached feigning of schizophrenia. It is the first to extend this duo of measures to a French sample. Results from 115 volunteers supported the effectiveness of both IOP instruments. Because all participants were male, however, our findings may not generalize to females.
{"title":"Detecting Coached Feigning of Schizophrenia with the Inventory of Problems – 29 (IOP-29) and Its Memory Module (IOP-M): A Simulation Study on a French Community Sample","authors":"I. Banovic, F. Filippi, D. Viglione, F. Scrima, A. Zennaro, Angelo Zappalá, L. Giromini","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2021.1906798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2021.1906798","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Evaluating the credibility of the respondent’s cognitive and psychological complaints is a core component of forensic mental health assessment. The Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29) and a new IOP-Memory module (IOP-M) are designed specifically for that purpose. Initial research suggests that they might provide practitioners with a quick and thus potentially efficient check of an examinee’s presentation credibility, based on the integration of both symptom and performance validity indicators. To contribute to emerging research on this topic, this study used a simulation design to examine the validity of the IOP-29 and IOP-M and their robustness in detecting coached feigning of schizophrenia. It is the first to extend this duo of measures to a French sample. Results from 115 volunteers supported the effectiveness of both IOP instruments. Because all participants were male, however, our findings may not generalize to females.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14999013.2021.1906798","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45020446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2020.1842564
L. Emmett, Lisa Klamert, B. U. Stetina
Abstract In the course of the present study 445 users of zoophilia forums were asked to complete an online survey measuring social anxiety, self-esteem and empathy. Comparisons between the recruited sample and existing classifications of zoophilia demonstrated that only about a half of the sample (51.5%) stated engaging in sexual activity with animals by answering detailed questions about the nature of their sexual interaction. A large part of the sample for example reported high self-esteem (85.7%) which is inconsistent with previous findings linking zoosexuality to a deficit in selfesteem. In consideration of the findings a new classification of Zoophilia is proposed.
{"title":"Demystifying Zoophilia: Classification and Psychological Aspects of Humans Having Sexual Relationships with Animals","authors":"L. Emmett, Lisa Klamert, B. U. Stetina","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2020.1842564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2020.1842564","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the course of the present study 445 users of zoophilia forums were asked to complete an online survey measuring social anxiety, self-esteem and empathy. Comparisons between the recruited sample and existing classifications of zoophilia demonstrated that only about a half of the sample (51.5%) stated engaging in sexual activity with animals by answering detailed questions about the nature of their sexual interaction. A large part of the sample for example reported high self-esteem (85.7%) which is inconsistent with previous findings linking zoosexuality to a deficit in selfesteem. In consideration of the findings a new classification of Zoophilia is proposed.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14999013.2020.1842564","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48422881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2020.1830891
V. Nanayakkara, J. Ogloff, T. Mcewan, L. Ducat
Abstract Despite the prevalence of mental disorder among firesetters, there is limited empirical research on how firesetting manifests in people with different psychiatric conditions. In this study, classification methodology was used to explore different types of firesetting committed by people with mental disorders. Associations between motives, diagnoses, situational, and behavioral variables were also observed to clarify the nexus between mental disorder and firesetting. A sample of 103 mentally disordered firesetters referred to community-based forensic mental health services was used. Four types of firesetting perpetrated by people with mental disorders were differentiated using multidimensional scaling: (1) Psychotic Struggle, (2) Hopeless, (3) Dysregulated, and (4) Fire Interest. In the first two types of firesetting, motives of revenge and suicide were mainly derived from psychotic symptoms and a more direct relationship between psychosis and firesetting was observed. Conversely, the latter two types featured motives of express frustration and excitement seeking, in association with personality disorder and pyromania, respectively. These types indicated pathways to firesetting wherein the corresponding mental disorder appeared to exacerbate predisposing vulnerabilities for firesetting. The implications for clinical formulation and theory development are discussed, emphasizing the need to better understand the etiology of firesetting including the underlying motives, psychopathology and context.
{"title":"Firesetting among People with Mental Disorders: Differences in Diagnosis, Motives and Behaviour","authors":"V. Nanayakkara, J. Ogloff, T. Mcewan, L. Ducat","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2020.1830891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2020.1830891","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite the prevalence of mental disorder among firesetters, there is limited empirical research on how firesetting manifests in people with different psychiatric conditions. In this study, classification methodology was used to explore different types of firesetting committed by people with mental disorders. Associations between motives, diagnoses, situational, and behavioral variables were also observed to clarify the nexus between mental disorder and firesetting. A sample of 103 mentally disordered firesetters referred to community-based forensic mental health services was used. Four types of firesetting perpetrated by people with mental disorders were differentiated using multidimensional scaling: (1) Psychotic Struggle, (2) Hopeless, (3) Dysregulated, and (4) Fire Interest. In the first two types of firesetting, motives of revenge and suicide were mainly derived from psychotic symptoms and a more direct relationship between psychosis and firesetting was observed. Conversely, the latter two types featured motives of express frustration and excitement seeking, in association with personality disorder and pyromania, respectively. These types indicated pathways to firesetting wherein the corresponding mental disorder appeared to exacerbate predisposing vulnerabilities for firesetting. The implications for clinical formulation and theory development are discussed, emphasizing the need to better understand the etiology of firesetting including the underlying motives, psychopathology and context.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14999013.2020.1830891","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45784128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2021.1895379
Daria Korobanova, S. Spencer, K. Dean
Abstract In an Australian survey of male and female adult prisoners (N = 1,132), two approaches to identifying mental health problems (symptom screening and self-reported psychiatric history) were compared. A higher proportion of women (77.7%) than men (61.8%) reported a prior diagnosis of at least one disorder. Almost half (49.8%) screened positive for current symptoms of mental illness. The proportion of symptom screen-positive individuals missed by psychiatric history ranged from 15.5% to 81.6%. To identify all potential mental health need and fully inform service development, future studies should consider a range of approaches to case ascertainment, although validation of new approaches is required.
{"title":"Prevalence of Mental Health Problems in Men and Women in an Australian Prison Sample: Comparing Psychiatric History Taking and Symptom Screening Approaches","authors":"Daria Korobanova, S. Spencer, K. Dean","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2021.1895379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2021.1895379","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In an Australian survey of male and female adult prisoners (N = 1,132), two approaches to identifying mental health problems (symptom screening and self-reported psychiatric history) were compared. A higher proportion of women (77.7%) than men (61.8%) reported a prior diagnosis of at least one disorder. Almost half (49.8%) screened positive for current symptoms of mental illness. The proportion of symptom screen-positive individuals missed by psychiatric history ranged from 15.5% to 81.6%. To identify all potential mental health need and fully inform service development, future studies should consider a range of approaches to case ascertainment, although validation of new approaches is required.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14999013.2021.1895379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44663207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-15DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2021.1895378
Dylan T. Gatner, K. Douglas, S. Hart, P. R. Kropp
Abstract The bivariate, empirical association between psychopathic personality disorder (PPD) and violence has been well established. Yet, questions remain about how to explain why this association occurs. To address this conceptual gap, we presented a review of theories of violence related to PPD. Next a conceptual analysis of how psychopathic traits may influence violent decisions was conducted. Specifically, we systematically analyzed how Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP; Cooke et al., International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 11(4), 242–252, 2012) traits influence violence from a structured professional judgment (SPJ) theory of violence known as SPJ decision theory. This conceptual analysis clarifies how various CAPP traits may motivate, disinhibit, or destabilize violence. Implications include the role of causality and clinical applications of violence risk case formulations.
精神病态人格障碍(PPD)与暴力之间的双变量、经验关联已经得到了很好的确立。然而，如何解释这种关联发生的原因仍然存在疑问。为了解决这一概念上的差距，我们对与产后抑郁症有关的暴力理论进行了回顾。接下来，对精神病态特征如何影响暴力决定进行了概念性分析。具体而言，我们系统地分析了精神病人格综合评估(CAPP;Cooke et al.，《国际法医心理健康杂志》，11(4)，242-252,2012)特征从结构化职业判断(SPJ)暴力理论(称为SPJ决策理论)影响暴力。这一概念分析阐明了各种CAPP特征是如何激发、解除抑制或破坏暴力的。影响包括因果关系的作用和暴力风险案例公式的临床应用。
{"title":"Structured Professional Judgment (SPJ) Violence Risk Case Formulation and Psychopathic Personality Disorder","authors":"Dylan T. Gatner, K. Douglas, S. Hart, P. R. Kropp","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2021.1895378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2021.1895378","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The bivariate, empirical association between psychopathic personality disorder (PPD) and violence has been well established. Yet, questions remain about how to explain why this association occurs. To address this conceptual gap, we presented a review of theories of violence related to PPD. Next a conceptual analysis of how psychopathic traits may influence violent decisions was conducted. Specifically, we systematically analyzed how Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP; Cooke et al., International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 11(4), 242–252, 2012) traits influence violence from a structured professional judgment (SPJ) theory of violence known as SPJ decision theory. This conceptual analysis clarifies how various CAPP traits may motivate, disinhibit, or destabilize violence. Implications include the role of causality and clinical applications of violence risk case formulations.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14999013.2021.1895378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47263855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-11DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2021.1899343
Dylan T. Gatner, H. Moulden, Mini Mamak, G. Chaimowitz
Abstract Violence risk assessment is an essential component of forensic mental health services designed to help mitigate and manage the re-occurrence of violence. Although there is large body of evidence supporting structured risk assessments, there is no empirical evidence regarding scenario planning—a specific component of the structured professional judgment approach to violence risk assessment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the base rates and concurrent validity of inpatient aggression scenarios to provide information about risk scenarios. Among a large representative sample of forensic psychiatric patients (N = 1240), the prevalence of risk scenarios (Repeat, Escalation, Twist, and Improvement scenarios) was investigated by retrospectively coding changes in inpatient aggression. The results suggested that Improvement scenarios, including a continued desistance of aggression, were common. Aggression scenarios shared significant pattern of associations with the Historical-Clinical-Risk Management-20 and the Psychopathy Checklist—Revised. Overall, this study presents initial empirical evidence related to violence risk scenario planning. Implications from these findings include how scenario planning may intersect with evaluator bias in forensic mental health assessments.
{"title":"At Risk of What? Understanding Forensic Psychiatric Inpatient Aggression through a Violence Risk Scenario Planning Lens","authors":"Dylan T. Gatner, H. Moulden, Mini Mamak, G. Chaimowitz","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2021.1899343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2021.1899343","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Violence risk assessment is an essential component of forensic mental health services designed to help mitigate and manage the re-occurrence of violence. Although there is large body of evidence supporting structured risk assessments, there is no empirical evidence regarding scenario planning—a specific component of the structured professional judgment approach to violence risk assessment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the base rates and concurrent validity of inpatient aggression scenarios to provide information about risk scenarios. Among a large representative sample of forensic psychiatric patients (N = 1240), the prevalence of risk scenarios (Repeat, Escalation, Twist, and Improvement scenarios) was investigated by retrospectively coding changes in inpatient aggression. The results suggested that Improvement scenarios, including a continued desistance of aggression, were common. Aggression scenarios shared significant pattern of associations with the Historical-Clinical-Risk Management-20 and the Psychopathy Checklist—Revised. Overall, this study presents initial empirical evidence related to violence risk scenario planning. Implications from these findings include how scenario planning may intersect with evaluator bias in forensic mental health assessments.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14999013.2021.1899343","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44059844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-08DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2021.1895375
J. Stinson, M. Quinn, A. Menditto, C. LeMay
Abstract Offenders and persons with serious mental illness experience disproportionate exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). This study examines prevalence, distribution, and correlates of ACEs in 182 male and female forensic psychiatric inpatients in secure care. Descriptive statistics, chi-squares analysis, ANOVA, and logistic regression were used to describe ACEs by race and gender and to identify associations between ACEs and onset of aggression, arrest, and psychiatric hospitalization. Participants evidenced significant exposure to ACEs, with significant differences by race and gender. ACE score, race, and foster care or investigations of child abuse were significant predictors of outcomes related to aggression and criminality.
{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Onset of Aggression and Criminality in a Forensic Inpatient Sample","authors":"J. Stinson, M. Quinn, A. Menditto, C. LeMay","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2021.1895375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2021.1895375","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Offenders and persons with serious mental illness experience disproportionate exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). This study examines prevalence, distribution, and correlates of ACEs in 182 male and female forensic psychiatric inpatients in secure care. Descriptive statistics, chi-squares analysis, ANOVA, and logistic regression were used to describe ACEs by race and gender and to identify associations between ACEs and onset of aggression, arrest, and psychiatric hospitalization. Participants evidenced significant exposure to ACEs, with significant differences by race and gender. ACE score, race, and foster care or investigations of child abuse were significant predictors of outcomes related to aggression and criminality.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14999013.2021.1895375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43875812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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