Katya Numbers, Suraj Samtani, Katja Hanewald, Jared Cheung, Perminder S. Sachdev, Henry Brodaty
Background
Intrinsic Capacity (IC) is a developing concept focussed on promoting healthy ageing by maintaining functional abilities. It has been proposed as a better predictor of outcomes like dementia and mortality, compared to traditional frailty measures that focus on deficits. This study aims to replicate the five-factor structure of IC among older adults in Australia and to evaluate its effectiveness in predicting long-term health outcomes, in comparison with existing frailty measures.
Methods
IC scores were computed for 400 older adults aged 70 to 90 participating in the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (MAS). Structural equation modelling, including second-order confirmatory analysis, was used to compute the five IC domains. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare the predictive value of the second-order IC factor with the Frailty Phenotype and Frailty Index for dementia over 10 years and mortality over 12 years.
Results
Factor loadings for the IC structure yielded five subgroups (cognitive function, psychological health, locomotive ability, sensory function, vital function) with one global factor. The structure had good fit (SRMR = 0.054, GFI = 0.966). IC was associated with lower hazard (risk) of dementia (HR = 0.567, p < 0.001) over 10-year and lower hazard of mortality (HR = 0.649, p < 0.001) over 12-year, controlling for age, sex, and education. Finally, IC explained additional variance beyond the Frailty Phenotype when predicting both incident dementia and mortality risk. Compared with the Frailty Index, IC contributed additional variance for dementia risk but not for mortality.
Conclusion
Evaluation of a person's IC at baseline explains additional variance compared to traditional frailty measures when predicting the risk of future negative health outcomes such as dementia incidence and mortality.
{"title":"Intrinsic Capacity Predictors of Dementia and Mortality in the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study","authors":"Katya Numbers, Suraj Samtani, Katja Hanewald, Jared Cheung, Perminder S. Sachdev, Henry Brodaty","doi":"10.1002/gps.70156","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intrinsic Capacity (IC) is a developing concept focussed on promoting healthy ageing by maintaining functional abilities. It has been proposed as a better predictor of outcomes like dementia and mortality, compared to traditional frailty measures that focus on deficits. This study aims to replicate the five-factor structure of IC among older adults in Australia and to evaluate its effectiveness in predicting long-term health outcomes, in comparison with existing frailty measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IC scores were computed for 400 older adults aged 70 to 90 participating in the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (MAS). Structural equation modelling, including second-order confirmatory analysis, was used to compute the five IC domains. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare the predictive value of the second-order IC factor with the Frailty Phenotype and Frailty Index for dementia over 10 years and mortality over 12 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Factor loadings for the IC structure yielded five subgroups (cognitive function, psychological health, locomotive ability, sensory function, vital function) with one global factor. The structure had good fit (SRMR = 0.054, GFI = 0.966). IC was associated with lower hazard (risk) of dementia (HR = 0.567, <i>p</i> < 0.001) over 10-year and lower hazard of mortality (HR = 0.649, <i>p</i> < 0.001) over 12-year, controlling for age, sex, and education. Finally, IC explained additional variance beyond the Frailty Phenotype when predicting both incident dementia and mortality risk. Compared with the Frailty Index, IC contributed additional variance for dementia risk but not for mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluation of a person's IC at baseline explains additional variance compared to traditional frailty measures when predicting the risk of future negative health outcomes such as dementia incidence and mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145292032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Déborah Oliveira, Ine J. N. Declercq, Debby L. Gerritsen
{"title":"Behavioral and Psychological Manifestations Among People Living With Dementia: Current Challenges Related to Terminology, Their Implications, and a Way Forward","authors":"Déborah Oliveira, Ine J. N. Declercq, Debby L. Gerritsen","doi":"10.1002/gps.70168","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps.70168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145292046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma Jaffa, Zimu Wu, Alice Owen, Aung Azw Zaw Phyo, Robyn L. Woods, Suzanne G. Orchard, Trevor T.-J. Chong, Raj C. Shah, Anne Murray, Joanne Ryan
Objectives
To determine whether engagement in music-related leisure activities is associated with a reduced risk of dementia and cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND), as well as better cognitive wellbeing in initially cognitively healthy older adults. Here, cognitive wellbeing includes maintaining good cognitive function as well as quality of life. Potential effect modification by education was also investigated.
Methods
This study used secondary data from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) study, and the ASPREE Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP) sub-study. Included were 10,893 community-dwelling Australian adults who were 70 years and older, without dementia diagnosis at recruitment to the study. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to determine the association between level of music engagement (listening to music, playing an instrument, and a combination of both) and dementia risk from year 3 onwards. Linear mixed models were used to investigate the association with cognitive wellbeing. Analyses adjusted for age, gender and level of education completed.
Results
Always listening to music, compared with never/rarely/sometimes, was associated with a 39% decreased risk of dementia (95% CI = 0.45,0.82, p = 0.001), and a 17% decreased risk of CIND (95% CI = 0.74, 0.92, p = 0.001). Playing an instrument (often/always) was associated with a 35% decreased dementia risk only (95% CI = 0.42,0.99, p = 0.047). Participants who both listened to and played music had a 33% decreased dementia risk (95% CI = 0.51,0.89, p = 0.006) and a 22% decreased CIND risk (95% CI = 0.65,0.92, p = 0.004). Always listening to music was associated with better global cognition and memory over time (p < 0.001, p = 0.004, respectively), but not the other cognitive domains. Engagement in music-related activities was not associated with changes in subjective cognitive wellbeing. In general, findings were stronger in individuals with over 16 years of education.
Conclusion
These results highlight music as a potential promising, accessible strategy to help reduce cognitive impairment and delay the onset of dementia in later life.
目的：确定参与与音乐相关的休闲活动是否与降低痴呆和认知障碍无痴呆（CIND）的风险以及最初认知健康的老年人更好的认知健康有关。在这里，认知健康包括保持良好的认知功能和生活质量。并探讨了教育对潜在效果的影响。方法：本研究使用了阿司匹林减少老年人事件（ASPREE）研究和ASPREE老年人纵向研究（ALSOP）子研究的次要数据。包括10,893名70岁及以上的澳大利亚社区居民，在招募时没有痴呆症诊断。使用Cox比例风险回归模型来确定从3年级开始的音乐参与水平（听音乐，演奏乐器，以及两者的结合）与痴呆风险之间的关系。使用线性混合模型来调查与认知健康的关系。根据年龄、性别和教育水平调整的分析已完成。结果：经常听音乐与从不/很少/有时听音乐相比，痴呆风险降低39% (95% CI = 0.45,0.82, p = 0.001)， CIND风险降低17% （95% CI = 0.74, 0.92, p = 0.001）。演奏乐器（经常/总是）仅与痴呆症风险降低35%相关（95% CI = 0.42,0.99, p = 0.047）。同时听音乐和播放音乐的参与者痴呆风险降低33% (95% CI = 0.51,0.89, p = 0.006)，冠心病风险降低22% （95% CI = 0.65,0.92, p = 0.004）。随着时间的推移，总是听音乐与更好的整体认知和记忆有关(结论：这些结果强调了音乐是一种潜在的有前途的、可实现的策略，有助于减少认知障碍，延缓晚年痴呆症的发作。
{"title":"What Is the Association Between Music-Related Leisure Activities and Dementia Risk? A Cohort Study","authors":"Emma Jaffa, Zimu Wu, Alice Owen, Aung Azw Zaw Phyo, Robyn L. Woods, Suzanne G. Orchard, Trevor T.-J. Chong, Raj C. Shah, Anne Murray, Joanne Ryan","doi":"10.1002/gps.70163","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps.70163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine whether engagement in music-related leisure activities is associated with a reduced risk of dementia and cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND), as well as better cognitive wellbeing in initially cognitively healthy older adults. Here, cognitive wellbeing includes maintaining good cognitive function as well as quality of life. Potential effect modification by education was also investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study used secondary data from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) study, and the ASPREE Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP) sub-study. Included were 10,893 community-dwelling Australian adults who were 70 years and older, without dementia diagnosis at recruitment to the study. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to determine the association between level of music engagement (listening to music, playing an instrument, and a combination of both) and dementia risk from year 3 onwards. Linear mixed models were used to investigate the association with cognitive wellbeing. Analyses adjusted for age, gender and level of education completed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Always listening to music, compared with never/rarely/sometimes, was associated with a 39% decreased risk of dementia (95% CI = 0.45,0.82, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and a 17% decreased risk of CIND (95% CI = 0.74, 0.92, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Playing an instrument (often/always) was associated with a 35% decreased dementia risk only (95% CI = 0.42,0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.047). Participants who both listened to and played music had a 33% decreased dementia risk (95% CI = 0.51,0.89, <i>p</i> = 0.006) and a 22% decreased CIND risk (95% CI = 0.65,0.92, <i>p</i> = 0.004). Always listening to music was associated with better global cognition and memory over time (<i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>p</i> = 0.004, respectively), but not the other cognitive domains. Engagement in music-related activities was not associated with changes in subjective cognitive wellbeing. In general, findings were stronger in individuals with over 16 years of education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results highlight music as a potential promising, accessible strategy to help reduce cognitive impairment and delay the onset of dementia in later life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145292106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhaohui Su, Xue Yang, Ruijie Zhang, Francis Mungai Kaburu, Chaojun Tong, Dean McDonnell, Barry L. Bentley, Xiang Zou, Jing-Bao Nie, Claudimar Pereira da Veiga, Yu-Tao Xiang
Objectives
Nanny-induced elder abuse is a persistent issue in China. Unlike certified nurses and care workers who undergo extensive evaluation processes, elder-care nannies or “bao mu” often have little to no professional training. Background screening procedures are also highly variable and selective, depending on the specific labour agencies involved. This paper aims to discuss technologies with the potential to detect, prevent, and reduce nanny-induced elder abuse.
Methods
This study reviews existing literature and case reports to explore how digital technologies—such as surveillance cameras and smart wearables—have been used to uncover and monitor elder abuse in home care settings. It also examines policy gaps and technological interventions relevant to the Chinese context.
Results
Recent discoveries of elder abuse in China—including verbal, physical, psychological, financial, and sexual abuse—have primarily come to light through the use of digital surveillance. Smart technologies, from home-care robots to network monitoring systems, have all demonstrated potential in alerting families and caregivers to abnormal and abusive behaviors by hired care professionals like nannies. However, while surveillance technologies can play an important role in detecting and documenting elder abuse by nannies, they are regarded as limited technical aids rather than comprehensive solutions. Overreliance on monitoring devices may generate a series of ethical and social concerns.
Conclusions
While systemic reforms like mandatory training and evaluation procedures may take time to implement, technological solutions such as surveillance and wearable monitoring offer relatively cost-effective, immediate tools to address elder abuse. However, ethical considerations—particularly regarding privacy and data security—must be rigorously upheld to protect older people’s digital health rights.
{"title":"Older People Abuse in China: How Can Technologies Help?","authors":"Zhaohui Su, Xue Yang, Ruijie Zhang, Francis Mungai Kaburu, Chaojun Tong, Dean McDonnell, Barry L. Bentley, Xiang Zou, Jing-Bao Nie, Claudimar Pereira da Veiga, Yu-Tao Xiang","doi":"10.1002/gps.70161","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nanny-induced elder abuse is a persistent issue in China. Unlike certified nurses and care workers who undergo extensive evaluation processes, elder-care nannies or “bao mu” often have little to no professional training. Background screening procedures are also highly variable and selective, depending on the specific labour agencies involved. This paper aims to discuss technologies with the potential to detect, prevent, and reduce nanny-induced elder abuse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reviews existing literature and case reports to explore how digital technologies—such as surveillance cameras and smart wearables—have been used to uncover and monitor elder abuse in home care settings. It also examines policy gaps and technological interventions relevant to the Chinese context.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent discoveries of elder abuse in China—including verbal, physical, psychological, financial, and sexual abuse—have primarily come to light through the use of digital surveillance. Smart technologies, from home-care robots to network monitoring systems, have all demonstrated potential in alerting families and caregivers to abnormal and abusive behaviors by hired care professionals like nannies. However, while surveillance technologies can play an important role in detecting and documenting elder abuse by nannies, they are regarded as limited technical aids rather than comprehensive solutions. Overreliance on monitoring devices may generate a series of ethical and social concerns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While systemic reforms like mandatory training and evaluation procedures may take time to implement, technological solutions such as surveillance and wearable monitoring offer relatively cost-effective, immediate tools to address elder abuse. However, ethical considerations—particularly regarding privacy and data security—must be rigorously upheld to protect older people’s digital health rights.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cognitive decline commonly co-occurs with dynamic physical and mental health changes in older adults. While early-life adversity has been linked to various later-life health outcomes, its relationship with cognitive function considering different health trajectories remains unclear.
Objectives
To identify distinct clusters of physical-mental-cognitive health trajectories among Chinese older adults and to examine the association between childhood adversities and cognitive function across these trajectories.
Methods
Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2020), we included 6178 adults aged ≥ 60 years. Latent Class Growth Modeling was used to identify trajectory patterns of functional limitations, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function. Mixed linear models examined associations between childhood adversities and cognitive function overall and across different identified trajectory patterns.
Results
Four distinct trajectory classes were identified: healthy individuals (59.8%), rapid cognitive decline with gradual physical-mental decline (16.5%), mild cognitive decline with physical-mental improvement (14.4%), and moderate cognitive decline with rapid physical and moderate mental decline (9.4%). Experience of multiple childhood adversities was significantly associated with lower cognitive function (β = −0.36, 95% CI [−0.58, −0.14]), independent of adulthood factors and consistent across various trajectory patterns. Among individuals showing rapid cognitive decline with gradual physical-mental deterioration, experiencing two childhood adversities predicted lower cognitive function (β = −0.88, 95% CI [−1.62, −0.14]).
Conclusion
Childhood adversities are associated with cognitive impairment regardless of physical-mental-cognitive health trajectories in older Chinese adults. These findings highlight the long-term impact of early-life experiences on cognitive health in later life.
{"title":"Childhood Adversity and Cognitive Function Across Physical-Mental-Cognitive Health Trajectories: A 10-Year Longitudinal Study of Chinese Older Adults","authors":"Yin Wang, Jiazhou Yu, Yiqiong Yang, Shanquan Chen","doi":"10.1002/gps.70162","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cognitive decline commonly co-occurs with dynamic physical and mental health changes in older adults. While early-life adversity has been linked to various later-life health outcomes, its relationship with cognitive function considering different health trajectories remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify distinct clusters of physical-mental-cognitive health trajectories among Chinese older adults and to examine the association between childhood adversities and cognitive function across these trajectories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2020), we included 6178 adults aged ≥ 60 years. Latent Class Growth Modeling was used to identify trajectory patterns of functional limitations, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function. Mixed linear models examined associations between childhood adversities and cognitive function overall and across different identified trajectory patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four distinct trajectory classes were identified: healthy individuals (59.8%), rapid cognitive decline with gradual physical-mental decline (16.5%), mild cognitive decline with physical-mental improvement (14.4%), and moderate cognitive decline with rapid physical and moderate mental decline (9.4%). Experience of multiple childhood adversities was significantly associated with lower cognitive function (<i>β</i> = −0.36, 95% CI [−0.58, −0.14]), independent of adulthood factors and consistent across various trajectory patterns. Among individuals showing rapid cognitive decline with gradual physical-mental deterioration, experiencing two childhood adversities predicted lower cognitive function (<i>β</i> = −0.88, 95% CI [−1.62, −0.14]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Childhood adversities are associated with cognitive impairment regardless of physical-mental-cognitive health trajectories in older Chinese adults. These findings highlight the long-term impact of early-life experiences on cognitive health in later life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanghun Nam, Sojung Park, Suyeong Bae, Ickpyo Hong
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the age-dependent association between new cognitive classification and chronic diseases among middle-aged and older adults using Poisson regression analysis.
Methods
We included 6940 people from the 2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. Cognitive status was classified as normal, moderate, and severe based on the participants' Korean Mini-Mental State Examination scores and instrumental activities of daily living. Poisson regression analysis was performed to predict the number of chronic diseases in middle-aged and older adults with grade three cognitive status. The number of predicted events at each cognitive level was calculated according to age.
Results
In the normal cognitive group, most of the participants were females 2515 (54.03), and the average age was 66.50 (SD = 8.62). Compared to the normal cognitive group (n = 4665), the incidence of chronic disease in the moderate cognitive impairment group (n = 1316) was 0.07 times that of the normal group, whereas, in the severe cognitive impairment group (n = 420), it was 0.21 times that of the normal group.
Conclusions
Higher levels of cognitive impairment and older age were associated with a higher probability of having multiple chronic conditions. The study findings highlight the importance of integrative care with cognitive function and age in managing multiple chronic conditions.
{"title":"Prevalence of Chronic Diseases by Cognitive Function Level and Age Group Among Middle-Aged and Older Korean Adults","authors":"Sanghun Nam, Sojung Park, Suyeong Bae, Ickpyo Hong","doi":"10.1002/gps.70159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the age-dependent association between new cognitive classification and chronic diseases among middle-aged and older adults using Poisson regression analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 6940 people from the 2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. Cognitive status was classified as normal, moderate, and severe based on the participants' Korean Mini-Mental State Examination scores and instrumental activities of daily living. Poisson regression analysis was performed to predict the number of chronic diseases in middle-aged and older adults with grade three cognitive status. The number of predicted events at each cognitive level was calculated according to age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the normal cognitive group, most of the participants were females 2515 (54.03), and the average age was 66.50 (SD = 8.62). Compared to the normal cognitive group (<i>n</i> = 4665), the incidence of chronic disease in the moderate cognitive impairment group (<i>n</i> = 1316) was 0.07 times that of the normal group, whereas, in the severe cognitive impairment group (<i>n</i> = 420), it was 0.21 times that of the normal group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher levels of cognitive impairment and older age were associated with a higher probability of having multiple chronic conditions. The study findings highlight the importance of integrative care with cognitive function and age in managing multiple chronic conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiago Wiesner, Paula Grammatikos, Veerle van Gils, Sarah Bauermeister
Objectives
Emerging evidence demonstrates that multimorbidity, defined as the co-occurrence of at least two chronic conditions, may elevate the risk of dementia especially when certain conditions co-occur. Therefore, we investigated the available evidence on the relationship between clusters of multimorbidity and dementia risk in adults.
Methods
Embase, PsycINFO, and Ovid MEDLINE were searched until the ninth of February 2025. Included studies reported dementia risk or incidence in adult populations in relation to different clusters of multimorbidity. A narrative synthesis was structured according to the identified clusters across studies, their associations with dementia risk, and any moderation or stratification analyses for APOE ε4 allele carriership and C-reactive protein (CRP), among others. The Quality In Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool was used for quality assessment.
Results
Of the 870 abstracts screened, 7 were included in the final synthesis. Significant relationships between clusters of multimorbidity and an elevated risk of dementia were identified in all studies. The most consistent findings related to cardiometabolic and mental health/neuropsychiatric clusters evidencing the highest dementia risk. Other multimorbidity clusters were less well studied and results regarding dementia risk varied across studies. Moderation and stratification analyses for APOE ε4 and CRP, where available, yielded inconsistent findings.
Conclusion
This systematic review highlights the importance of understanding multimorbidity clusters for early identification of dementia risk and targeted treatment approaches. Further research is required to explore relationships between multimorbidity clusters and dementia risk across different ethnic groups as well as the potential moderating role of lifestyle factors.
{"title":"Relationship Between Clusters of Multimorbidity and Dementia Risk: A Systematic Review","authors":"Tiago Wiesner, Paula Grammatikos, Veerle van Gils, Sarah Bauermeister","doi":"10.1002/gps.70158","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emerging evidence demonstrates that multimorbidity, defined as the co-occurrence of at least two chronic conditions, may elevate the risk of dementia especially when certain conditions co-occur. Therefore, we investigated the available evidence on the relationship between clusters of multimorbidity and dementia risk in adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Embase, PsycINFO, and Ovid MEDLINE were searched until the ninth of February 2025. Included studies reported dementia risk or incidence in adult populations in relation to different clusters of multimorbidity. A narrative synthesis was structured according to the identified clusters across studies, their associations with dementia risk, and any moderation or stratification analyses for APOE ε4 allele carriership and C-reactive protein (CRP), among others. The Quality In Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool was used for quality assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 870 abstracts screened, 7 were included in the final synthesis. Significant relationships between clusters of multimorbidity and an elevated risk of dementia were identified in all studies. The most consistent findings related to cardiometabolic and mental health/neuropsychiatric clusters evidencing the highest dementia risk. Other multimorbidity clusters were less well studied and results regarding dementia risk varied across studies. Moderation and stratification analyses for APOE ε4 and CRP, where available, yielded inconsistent findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review highlights the importance of understanding multimorbidity clusters for early identification of dementia risk and targeted treatment approaches. Further research is required to explore relationships between multimorbidity clusters and dementia risk across different ethnic groups as well as the potential moderating role of lifestyle factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catherine Quinn, Helen Young, Vasileios Stamou, Kate Gridley, Clare Mason, Jan Oyebode
Objectives
Access to appropriate social care post-diagnosis is crucial for people with young onset dementia (YOD) and their families. Yet care is hugely variable, frequently lacking, and poorly coordinated. We aimed to establish levels of awareness, knowledge, and practice among professionals regarding social care provision for people with YOD.
Methods
A short survey (24 items) was developed based on previous research and through consultation with experts by experience and the project steering group. The aim was to establish awareness, knowledge, and practice among professionals regarding social care needs, care planning, and provision for people YOD. The survey was available online.
Results
There were 139 responses from health and social care professionals. A wide range of situations triggered referrals to social care, illustrating the holistic impact of YOD. However, most referrals were triggered by crises rather than a proactive approach and were in response to carers' needs rather than those of the person with YOD. Referrals for advice and guidance around financial impacts were common. Most respondents reported there was no agreed care pathway and no YOD-specific guidelines in their service. Areas of good practice in social care provision included: person-centred and reablement based approaches; multi-disciplinary and multi-agency working; support from peers and the third sector; seamless care pathways and dedicated YOD services; support for carers; and personal budgets.
Conclusions
Staff need accurate knowledge and awareness of specific YOD-related issues to provide effective social care for those with YOD and their families. The current system tends to be reactive at point of crisis, whereas proactive planning and provision could pre-empt crises and provide more effective support. YOD-specific care pathways and guidance are needed to improve social care for this population.
{"title":"Professionals' Views on Social Care Planning and Provision for People With Young-Onset Dementia and Their Families in England: Findings From the DYNAMIC Study","authors":"Catherine Quinn, Helen Young, Vasileios Stamou, Kate Gridley, Clare Mason, Jan Oyebode","doi":"10.1002/gps.70155","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps.70155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Access to appropriate social care post-diagnosis is crucial for people with young onset dementia (YOD) and their families. Yet care is hugely variable, frequently lacking, and poorly coordinated. We aimed to establish levels of awareness, knowledge, and practice among professionals regarding social care provision for people with YOD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A short survey (24 items) was developed based on previous research and through consultation with experts by experience and the project steering group. The aim was to establish awareness, knowledge, and practice among professionals regarding social care needs, care planning, and provision for people YOD. The survey was available online.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 139 responses from health and social care professionals. A wide range of situations triggered referrals to social care, illustrating the holistic impact of YOD. However, most referrals were triggered by crises rather than a proactive approach and were in response to carers' needs rather than those of the person with YOD. Referrals for advice and guidance around financial impacts were common. Most respondents reported there was no agreed care pathway and no YOD-specific guidelines in their service. Areas of good practice in social care provision included: person-centred and reablement based approaches; multi-disciplinary and multi-agency working; support from peers and the third sector; seamless care pathways and dedicated YOD services; support for carers; and personal budgets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Staff need accurate knowledge and awareness of specific YOD-related issues to provide effective social care for those with YOD and their families. The current system tends to be reactive at point of crisis, whereas proactive planning and provision could pre-empt crises and provide more effective support. YOD-specific care pathways and guidance are needed to improve social care for this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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