Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.33976/jert.10.2/2023/3
A bogie frame is the most important railway vehicle’s component that supports almost the weight of the system, and it is subjected to various excitations and loads that can result in the failure of the structure. The dynamic forces influenced by various excitations, both internal and external, can speed up the system's fatigue failure. This paper aims to analyse the impact of wheel flats on the life of a high-speed bogie frame. To accomplish this study, a Chinese railway high-speed (CRH2) bogie frame, has been chosen for the analysis. The required input data for CRH2 have been collected from literature; the wheel flat defect models under the wheel flat lengths of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 60 mm have been developed with a MATLAB tool, and the results have been inputted into a multibody model with the SIMPACK tool. The dynamic response loads for each case have been exported and applied to the finite element model in ANSYS, where stresses and strain have been used to estimate the fatigue life. The results from the study show that as the wheel flat length increases, it increases the dynamic forces and stresses that decrease the life of the bogie frame; thus, the influence of wheel flat should be considered in the life prediction of a bogie frame.
{"title":"Fatigue life assessment of high-speed train’s bogie frame due to dynamic loads under the influence of wheel flat","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/jert.10.2/2023/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/jert.10.2/2023/3","url":null,"abstract":"A bogie frame is the most important railway vehicle’s component that supports almost the weight of the system, and it is subjected to various excitations and loads that can result in the failure of the structure. The dynamic forces influenced by various excitations, both internal and external, can speed up the system's fatigue failure. This paper aims to analyse the impact of wheel flats on the life of a high-speed bogie frame. To accomplish this study, a Chinese railway high-speed (CRH2) bogie frame, has been chosen for the analysis. The required input data for CRH2 have been collected from literature; the wheel flat defect models under the wheel flat lengths of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 60 mm have been developed with a MATLAB tool, and the results have been inputted into a multibody model with the SIMPACK tool. The dynamic response loads for each case have been exported and applied to the finite element model in ANSYS, where stresses and strain have been used to estimate the fatigue life. The results from the study show that as the wheel flat length increases, it increases the dynamic forces and stresses that decrease the life of the bogie frame; thus, the influence of wheel flat should be considered in the life prediction of a bogie frame.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75248715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.33976/jert.10.2/2023/1
Faten F. Abushmmala, Aiman AbuSamra
The revolution of Internet technology, which led to connecting everything through the World Wide Web, the Internet of Things (IoT) emerged to serve this need. IoT technology connects different devices, hardware, and software together, which are created to provide services and facilitate human life. The most critical application is in the health sector, where data privacy, security, and accessibility are demanding and agonizing challenges. In this paper, we use a block chain (BC) model that enforces the Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) model to address privacy and security concerns as well as the limited nature of IoT devices. The paper's concept is to divide the network according to the assigned role, and authentication and data transfer are thoroughly discussed. The Architecture of the proposed system is shown and displayed in flowcharts, where each node has different permissions and privileges. In the experimental part, two scenarios are applied; one where the network (IoT devices) is connected through an MQTT broker as an intermediary, and the second with BC that controls the IoT, which uses proof of assignment as a consensus model. The data flow shows that with BC, the network is much more secure and holds the privacy and integrity of the data.
{"title":"Blockchain-Based Secure Smart Health IoT solution Using RBAC Architecture","authors":"Faten F. Abushmmala, Aiman AbuSamra","doi":"10.33976/jert.10.2/2023/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/jert.10.2/2023/1","url":null,"abstract":"The revolution of Internet technology, which led to connecting everything through the World Wide Web, the Internet of Things (IoT) emerged to serve this need. IoT technology connects different devices, hardware, and software together, which are created to provide services and facilitate human life. The most critical application is in the health sector, where data privacy, security, and accessibility are demanding and agonizing challenges. In this paper, we use a block chain (BC) model that enforces the Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) model to address privacy and security concerns as well as the limited nature of IoT devices. The paper's concept is to divide the network according to the assigned role, and authentication and data transfer are thoroughly discussed. The Architecture of the proposed system is shown and displayed in flowcharts, where each node has different permissions and privileges. In the experimental part, two scenarios are applied; one where the network (IoT devices) is connected through an MQTT broker as an intermediary, and the second with BC that controls the IoT, which uses proof of assignment as a consensus model. The data flow shows that with BC, the network is much more secure and holds the privacy and integrity of the data.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75192293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.33976/jert.10.2/2023/2
Okechukwu Ozueigbo, J. Agunwamba
Stepped spillways disperse energy in floodwater by utilizing their stepping nature. Several researchers investigated the hydraulic and geometric relationships of the stepped spillway with a dam slope above 26.6o, which resulted in energy dissipation. But a few studied stepped spillways with a dam slope of 26.6o with a step height of 0.61 m. This move led to a lack of knowledge and rules for the designers of stepped spillways with slope of 26.6o and a step height of 0.61 m. The authors reviewed the researchers' publications on horizontal stepped spillways with dam slopes of 26.6o with step height of 0.61 m conducted in transition and skimming flows in large-size facilities with phase-detection intrusive probes. They retrieved data sets from them, which they took into account to create two novel equations for energy dissipation in stepped spillways: one for nappe flow and one for skimming flow. The results showed that the measured data sets compared well with the data sets calculated from the two empirical models.
{"title":"New Equations for Rate of Energy Dissipation of a Stepped Spillway with Slope less than Critical and Specific Step Height","authors":"Okechukwu Ozueigbo, J. Agunwamba","doi":"10.33976/jert.10.2/2023/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/jert.10.2/2023/2","url":null,"abstract":"Stepped spillways disperse energy in floodwater by utilizing their stepping nature. Several researchers investigated the hydraulic and geometric relationships of the stepped spillway with a dam slope above 26.6o, which resulted in energy dissipation. But a few studied stepped spillways with a dam slope of 26.6o with a step height of 0.61 m. This move led to a lack of knowledge and rules for the designers of stepped spillways with slope of 26.6o and a step height of 0.61 m. The authors reviewed the researchers' publications on horizontal stepped spillways with dam slopes of 26.6o with step height of 0.61 m conducted in transition and skimming flows in large-size facilities with phase-detection intrusive probes. They retrieved data sets from them, which they took into account to create two novel equations for energy dissipation in stepped spillways: one for nappe flow and one for skimming flow. The results showed that the measured data sets compared well with the data sets calculated from the two empirical models.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73627479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.33976/jert.10.1/2023/2
Research is in progress on the applications of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) as a new additive material in construction technology. Over the last twenty years’ significant improvements have been achieved in mechanical properties of UHPC, such as its strength, workability, and ductility, with further improvements made in self-placing properties, higher density, and durability compared with normal concrete. One of the biggest advantages offered by ultra-high performance concrete over normal concrete is the possibility to minimize the cross-sectional dimensions of the structural elements. UHPC can be used to provide significant long-span members, whilst also showing less variation, creep, and drying shrinkage compared to conventional concrete. After many years of development and research into UHPC’s properties, it is being used in commercial applications to meet the rising demand for quality constructions. Many projects in the world started using UHPC for different construction objectives such as long spans, columns, jacketing, rain-screen cladding systems, panel systems, façades, etc. Furthermore, there are not enough sources in the literature describing mixture design, preparation, and curing. This research gives an overview of the uses of UHPC in structural and architectural applications.
{"title":"Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) - Applications Worldwide: A State-of-the-Art Review","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/jert.10.1/2023/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/jert.10.1/2023/2","url":null,"abstract":"Research is in progress on the applications of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) as a new additive material in construction technology. Over the last twenty years’ significant improvements have been achieved in mechanical properties of UHPC, such as its strength, workability, and ductility, with further improvements made in self-placing properties, higher density, and durability compared with normal concrete. One of the biggest advantages offered by ultra-high performance concrete over normal concrete is the possibility to minimize the cross-sectional dimensions of the structural elements. UHPC can be used to provide significant long-span members, whilst also showing less variation, creep, and drying shrinkage compared to conventional concrete. After many years of development and research into UHPC’s properties, it is being used in commercial applications to meet the rising demand for quality constructions. Many projects in the world started using UHPC for different construction objectives such as long spans, columns, jacketing, rain-screen cladding systems, panel systems, façades, etc. Furthermore, there are not enough sources in the literature describing mixture design, preparation, and curing. This research gives an overview of the uses of UHPC in structural and architectural applications.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85045602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.33976/jert.10.1/2023/1
Infant carriers play an important role in protecting child occupants from severe injuries caused by collisions, but the tension of harness webbing cannot be controlled properly most of the time. Infant carrier’s user manual or instruction generally contains little information about the extent to which the adjusting belt should be pulled to cause the necessary webbing tension, and it is often neglected that the infants should be restrained securely. In order to improve public awareness, it is important to ascertain the effect of infant carrier’s webbing tension on the occupant’s chest accelerations. A testing scheme including 12 dynamic tests was devised and conducted, and test conditions were controlled strictly to ensure the accuracy and objectivity of results. P1.5 dummy’s resultant and vertical chest accelerations were collected and analyzed. Both ISOFIX installation and seat belt installation methods were taken into consideration without lack of generality. Sled’s accelerations and velocities were set and acquired, which constituted the fundamental testing conditions of dynamic tests and ensured the repeatability and reliability of tests. Furthermore, dummy’s chest acceleration pulses were monitored and recorded, and the data were evaluated in accordance with criteria defined in relevant technical standards. The dummy’s chest accelerations were classified into 2 groups according to child restraint systems’ installation methods, i.e., the ISOFIX group and the seat belt group. In each group, both resultant chest acceleration and vertical chest acceleration were involved. Universal phenomena were displayed in all the tests, and the larger the tensile forces were, the lower the chest accelerations were in tests. Based on experimental validations, the relation between webbing’s tensions and chest accelerations in frontal crash accidents was verified. Furthermore, suggestions were made about adjusting the webbing tension and the proper use of infant carriers.
{"title":"Analysis of the Effect of Infant Carrier’s Webbing Tension on 18-month-old Child Occupant’s Chest Accelerations in Frontal Crash Accidents Based on Experimental Validations","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/jert.10.1/2023/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/jert.10.1/2023/1","url":null,"abstract":"Infant carriers play an important role in protecting child occupants from severe injuries caused by collisions, but the tension of harness webbing cannot be controlled properly most of the time. Infant carrier’s user manual or instruction generally contains little information about the extent to which the adjusting belt should be pulled to cause the necessary webbing tension, and it is often neglected that the infants should be restrained securely. In order to improve public awareness, it is important to ascertain the effect of infant carrier’s webbing tension on the occupant’s chest accelerations. A testing scheme including 12 dynamic tests was devised and conducted, and test conditions were controlled strictly to ensure the accuracy and objectivity of results. P1.5 dummy’s resultant and vertical chest accelerations were collected and analyzed. Both ISOFIX installation and seat belt installation methods were taken into consideration without lack of generality. Sled’s accelerations and velocities were set and acquired, which constituted the fundamental testing conditions of dynamic tests and ensured the repeatability and reliability of tests. Furthermore, dummy’s chest acceleration pulses were monitored and recorded, and the data were evaluated in accordance with criteria defined in relevant technical standards. The dummy’s chest accelerations were classified into 2 groups according to child restraint systems’ installation methods, i.e., the ISOFIX group and the seat belt group. In each group, both resultant chest acceleration and vertical chest acceleration were involved. Universal phenomena were displayed in all the tests, and the larger the tensile forces were, the lower the chest accelerations were in tests. Based on experimental validations, the relation between webbing’s tensions and chest accelerations in frontal crash accidents was verified. Furthermore, suggestions were made about adjusting the webbing tension and the proper use of infant carriers.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90857831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.33976/jert.10.1/2023/3
Fault Tolerant Control Systems (FTCS) have emerged as a critical area of study for enhancing the safety, reliability, and efficiency of modern control systems. The FTCS technique might be active or passive control in general. In this paper, the active control branch's Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) is used to detect faults in DC motor speed sensors. FDD methodologies can be divided into two types based on the process and the type of data available: model-based methods and data-based methods. The proposed method here investigates the use of the Luenberger observer technique, which is part of the model-based approach. The selected method was implemented and experimentally evaluated. This observer is dependent on the residual signal, which serves as a fault indicator in the overall system and represents the difference between the measured and estimated speed signals from the plant. Due to the increasing demand for these motors, particularly in electro-mechanical applications such as robotics, elevators, and electric-driven railways, a DC motor was chosen as a benchmark to test the proposed method. The output speed of the motor was subjected to four sensor faults: sensor fault, abrupt fault, intermittent fault, and incipient fault. The effectiveness of the suggested approach is demonstrated using MATLAB simulations, and the results show that faults are detected as anticipated with a high-performing response. Therefore, the proposed method was also implemented experimentally in real time and the obtained results showed a close match with those from simulation, thus proving the accuracy and reliability of the proposed methodology for fault detection in the DC motor speed sensor.
{"title":"Luenberger Observer-Based Speed Sensor Fault Detection: real time implementation to DC Motors","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/jert.10.1/2023/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/jert.10.1/2023/3","url":null,"abstract":"Fault Tolerant Control Systems (FTCS) have emerged as a critical area of study for enhancing the safety, reliability, and efficiency of modern control systems. The FTCS technique might be active or passive control in general. In this paper, the active control branch's Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) is used to detect faults in DC motor speed sensors. FDD methodologies can be divided into two types based on the process and the type of data available: model-based methods and data-based methods. The proposed method here investigates the use of the Luenberger observer technique, which is part of the model-based approach. The selected method was implemented and experimentally evaluated. This observer is dependent on the residual signal, which serves as a fault indicator in the overall system and represents the difference between the measured and estimated speed signals from the plant. Due to the increasing demand for these motors, particularly in electro-mechanical applications such as robotics, elevators, and electric-driven railways, a DC motor was chosen as a benchmark to test the proposed method. The output speed of the motor was subjected to four sensor faults: sensor fault, abrupt fault, intermittent fault, and incipient fault. The effectiveness of the suggested approach is demonstrated using MATLAB simulations, and the results show that faults are detected as anticipated with a high-performing response. Therefore, the proposed method was also implemented experimentally in real time and the obtained results showed a close match with those from simulation, thus proving the accuracy and reliability of the proposed methodology for fault detection in the DC motor speed sensor.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77871763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.33976/jert.9.2/2022/2
Text generation task has drawn an increasing attention in the recent years. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) achieved great results in this task. There are several parameters and factors that may affect the performance of the recurrent neural networks, that is why text generation is a challenging task, and requires a lot of tuning. This study investigates the impact of three factors that affect the quality of generated text: 1) data source and domain, 2) RNN architecture, 3) named Entities normalization. We conduct several experiments using different RNN architectures (LSTM and GRU), and different datasets (Hulu and booking). Evaluating generated texts is a challenging task. There is no perfect metric judge the quality and the correctness of the generated texts. We use different evaluation metrics to evaluate the performance of the generation models. These metrics include the training loss, the perplexity, the readability, and the relevance of the generated texts. Most of the related works do not consider all these evaluation metrics to evaluate text generation. The results suggest that GRU outperforms LSTM network, and models trained on booking set is better than the ones that trained on Hulu dataset.
{"title":"Generating Attractive Advertisement Text Campaigns Using Deep Neural Networks","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/jert.9.2/2022/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/jert.9.2/2022/2","url":null,"abstract":"Text generation task has drawn an increasing attention in the recent years. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) achieved great results in this task. There are several parameters and factors that may affect the performance of the recurrent neural networks, that is why text generation is a challenging task, and requires a lot of tuning. This study investigates the impact of three factors that affect the quality of generated text: 1) data source and domain, 2) RNN architecture, 3) named Entities normalization. We conduct several experiments using different RNN architectures (LSTM and GRU), and different datasets (Hulu and booking). Evaluating generated texts is a challenging task. There is no perfect metric judge the quality and the correctness of the generated texts. We use different evaluation metrics to evaluate the performance of the generation models. These metrics include the training loss, the perplexity, the readability, and the relevance of the generated texts. Most of the related works do not consider all these evaluation metrics to evaluate text generation. The results suggest that GRU outperforms LSTM network, and models trained on booking set is better than the ones that trained on Hulu dataset.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74354645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.33976/jert.9.2/2022/1
Measuring the semantic relatedness between words or terms plays an important role in many domains such as linguistics and artificial intelligence. Although this topic has been widely explored in the literature, most efforts focused on the English text, while little has been done to measure the similarity between Arabic terms. A growing number of semantic relatedness measures have relied on an underlying background knowledge such as Wikipedia. They often map terms to Wikipedia concepts, and then use the content or hyperlink structure of the corresponding Wikipedia articles to estimate the similarity between terms. However, existing approaches mostly focused on the English version of Wikipedia, while limited work has been done on the Arabic version. This work proposes an approach that takes advantage of Wikipedia features to measure the relationship between Arabic terms. It exploits two types of relations to gain rich features for the similarity measure, which are: the context-based relation and the category-based relation. The context-based relation is measured based on the intersection between incoming links of Wikipedia articles, while the category-based relation is measured by utilizing the taxonomy of Wikipedia categories. The proposed approach was evaluated based on a translated version of the WordSimilarity-353 benchmark dataset. The results show that our approach generally outperforms several approaches in the literature that use the same dataset in English. However, the poor structure and content of the Arabic version of Wikipedia compared to the English version has resulted in several incorrect similarity scores.
{"title":"Exploiting Wikipedia to Measure the Semantic Relatedness between Arabic Terms","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/jert.9.2/2022/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/jert.9.2/2022/1","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the semantic relatedness between words or terms plays an important role in many domains such as linguistics and artificial intelligence. Although this topic has been widely explored in the literature, most efforts focused on the English text, while little has been done to measure the similarity between Arabic terms. A growing number of semantic relatedness measures have relied on an underlying background knowledge such as Wikipedia. They often map terms to Wikipedia concepts, and then use the content or hyperlink structure of the corresponding Wikipedia articles to estimate the similarity between terms. However, existing approaches mostly focused on the English version of Wikipedia, while limited work has been done on the Arabic version. This work proposes an approach that takes advantage of Wikipedia features to measure the relationship between Arabic terms. It exploits two types of relations to gain rich features for the similarity measure, which are: the context-based relation and the category-based relation. The context-based relation is measured based on the intersection between incoming links of Wikipedia articles, while the category-based relation is measured by utilizing the taxonomy of Wikipedia categories. The proposed approach was evaluated based on a translated version of the WordSimilarity-353 benchmark dataset. The results show that our approach generally outperforms several approaches in the literature that use the same dataset in English. However, the poor structure and content of the Arabic version of Wikipedia compared to the English version has resulted in several incorrect similarity scores.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79123051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.33976/jert.9.2/2022/3
Stormwater remains the sole source of aquifer recharge in the Gaza strip, which should be utilized properly through artificial infiltration. The study objective is to investigate and analyze the infiltration efficiency of three large exiting infiltration basins in the Gaza strip (Alamal, Asadaqa, and Waqf) using different infiltration techniques. The technique applied in Ala-mal basin is the natural surface spreading of stormwater while Asadaqa basin used the surface spreading combined with graveled boreholes. Waqf basin used non-graveled boreholes (empty shafts cased with UPVC pipes). The infiltration rate and efficiency were recorded and estimated for each basin during the 2021-2022 wet season and compared to a past 2017-2018 wet season at a water depth of 1.70 m. The study revealed that, the actual infiltration capacity of Waqf basin was estimated as 2,000 m3/day in the 2021-2022 wet season, twice that in the 2017-2018 wet season, with an infiltration efficiency of 57.47 %, that was attributed to the 18 drilled non-graveled boreholes, which enhanced the seepage of stormwater into the underlying soil. Asadaqa basin has the lowest infiltration efficiency of 3.90 % due to the continuous accumulation of thick and dense sediment layer on the basin floor, with nonchanged actual infiltration capacity (around 2,800 m3/day) between the two studied wet seasons. On the oth-er hand, Alamal basin infiltration efficiency was only 4.60 %, with actual infiltration capacity of 629 and 105.4 m3/day dur-ing the two wet seasons, respectively where some repair and upgrade works were performed at Alamal basin which enhanced the actual infiltration capacity but still far from the design infiltration capacity. For future studies, Waqf basin technique should be thoroughly studied and investigated as a novel artificial infiltration method, with deep study on the factors af-fecting the infiltration process.
{"title":"Assessment of Stormwater Infiltration Basins Models Developed in Gaza Strip","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/jert.9.2/2022/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/jert.9.2/2022/3","url":null,"abstract":"Stormwater remains the sole source of aquifer recharge in the Gaza strip, which should be utilized properly through artificial infiltration. The study objective is to investigate and analyze the infiltration efficiency of three large exiting infiltration basins in the Gaza strip (Alamal, Asadaqa, and Waqf) using different infiltration techniques. The technique applied in Ala-mal basin is the natural surface spreading of stormwater while Asadaqa basin used the surface spreading combined with graveled boreholes. Waqf basin used non-graveled boreholes (empty shafts cased with UPVC pipes). The infiltration rate and efficiency were recorded and estimated for each basin during the 2021-2022 wet season and compared to a past 2017-2018 wet season at a water depth of 1.70 m.\u0000The study revealed that, the actual infiltration capacity of Waqf basin was estimated as 2,000 m3/day in the 2021-2022 wet season, twice that in the 2017-2018 wet season, with an infiltration efficiency of 57.47 %, that was attributed to the 18 drilled non-graveled boreholes, which enhanced the seepage of stormwater into the underlying soil. Asadaqa basin has the lowest infiltration efficiency of 3.90 % due to the continuous accumulation of thick and dense sediment layer on the basin floor, with nonchanged actual infiltration capacity (around 2,800 m3/day) between the two studied wet seasons. On the oth-er hand, Alamal basin infiltration efficiency was only 4.60 %, with actual infiltration capacity of 629 and 105.4 m3/day dur-ing the two wet seasons, respectively where some repair and upgrade works were performed at Alamal basin which enhanced the actual infiltration capacity but still far from the design infiltration capacity. For future studies, Waqf basin technique should be thoroughly studied and investigated as a novel artificial infiltration method, with deep study on the factors af-fecting the infiltration process.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85664669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.33976/jert.9.1/2022/2
Currently, rattan yarns are used in the furniture business because they are widely accessible, economical, non-hazardous to health, and biodegradable to the environment; hence, by using it as a composite material scattering fibre, it will be able to solve the environmental problem in the future. The purpose of this study was to get a technical examination of the tensile strength of rattan single fibre composite reinforced unsaturated thermoset resin. The goal of this study is to determine the tensile strength composite of rattan single fibre with varied fibre diameter sizes ranging from 1 mm to 5 mm maximum. The specimen trial result is served in tensile strength when compared to the tensile strength authorised by ASTM as a theory of standardisation test. From the resulting study, we found the maximum of tensile strength and maximum impact has got by composite with 5 mm diameter. The morphology of surface composition was examined using optical microscopy (OM).
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