Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3757-3760
S. Klyuev, A. Klyuev, N. I. Petrov, V V Promahov, V. Klimenko
Calculus of variations is a powerful tool for research in the field of mechanics. Variation principles, on the one hand, have a deep theoretical significance, revealing the energy basis of the theory and establishing a connection between different approaches to solving problems. On the other hand, they are of great practical significance, because if there are expressions for functional, they allow to find differential equations and natural (not caused by external circumstances) boundary conditions in cases where it is difficult to do so directly. Moreover, direct methods allow getting a solution to the variation problem, passing the compilation and solution of differential equations. Based on the variation principle of structural synthesis, the design problem for a rod spatial structure is solved. The example of designing a four-rod truss is considered.
{"title":"Optimal Designing of the Rod Structure","authors":"S. Klyuev, A. Klyuev, N. I. Petrov, V V Promahov, V. Klimenko","doi":"10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3757-3760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3757-3760","url":null,"abstract":"Calculus of variations is a powerful tool for research in the field of mechanics. Variation principles, on the one hand, have a deep theoretical significance, revealing the energy basis of the theory and establishing a connection between different approaches to solving problems. On the other hand, they are of great practical significance, because if there are expressions for functional, they allow to find differential equations and natural (not caused by external circumstances) boundary conditions in cases where it is difficult to do so directly. Moreover, direct methods allow getting a solution to the variation problem, passing the compilation and solution of differential equations. Based on the variation principle of structural synthesis, the design problem for a rod spatial structure is solved. The example of designing a four-rod truss is considered.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"115 1","pages":"3757"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75716743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3222-3229
R. Simbolon, H. Parung, R. Irmawaty, A. Amiruddin
The connection in precast concrete structures is an attenuation especially against the lateral forces due to the earthquake. This research is an experimental study in a laboratory with full scale, investigates the performance of two types of momentresisting connections, and compare to monolithic type, on the connection of precast beam-column, subjected to cyclic lateral load. The connection performance was evaluated including strength, deformation ductility, stiffness, crack pattern, failure mode, and energy absorption rate. The experimental results show that the failure of all specimens is considered a bending failure, which indicates that most of the cracks are oblique perpendicular to the direction of loading. It was found that the monolithic type performed more satisfactorily on strength than the two types of connection, due to its higher bending strength capacity. However, the STR-2 type is better able to absorb energy and has the lowest reduction in stiffness. Based on the acceptance criteria of ACI 374.1-05 and SNI 7834;2012, the test results show that both types of precast connections generally meet the requirements as moment-resistant precast concrete beam-column connections and can be used in precast concrete buildings with the highest earthquake risk level in Indonesia.
{"title":"Behavior of Precast Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Connection by Double Straight Notch Models under Lateral Cyclic Loading","authors":"R. Simbolon, H. Parung, R. Irmawaty, A. Amiruddin","doi":"10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3222-3229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3222-3229","url":null,"abstract":"The connection in precast concrete structures is an attenuation especially against the lateral forces due to the earthquake. This research is an experimental study in a laboratory with full scale, investigates the performance of two types of momentresisting connections, and compare to monolithic type, on the connection of precast beam-column, subjected to cyclic lateral load. The connection performance was evaluated including strength, deformation ductility, stiffness, crack pattern, failure mode, and energy absorption rate. The experimental results show that the failure of all specimens is considered a bending failure, which indicates that most of the cracks are oblique perpendicular to the direction of loading. It was found that the monolithic type performed more satisfactorily on strength than the two types of connection, due to its higher bending strength capacity. However, the STR-2 type is better able to absorb energy and has the lowest reduction in stiffness. Based on the acceptance criteria of ACI 374.1-05 and SNI 7834;2012, the test results show that both types of precast connections generally meet the requirements as moment-resistant precast concrete beam-column connections and can be used in precast concrete buildings with the highest earthquake risk level in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"3222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80138637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3342-3358
F. M. Mwania, M. Maringa, K. V. D. Walt
Experiments were conducted to characterise a new polymeric powder (Laser PP CP 60) from Diamond Plastics GmbH used in selective laser sintering (SLS) additive manufacturing (AM). Three different batches of the powder were tested in the study; virgin powder, used powder, and a mixture (50% virgin: 50% used) powder. The three batches of powder were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and melt flow index (MFI) testing. Scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the morphology of particles. The distribution of powder particle sizes was established by analysing the acquired SEM images using ImageJ software. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine the peak melting point, degree of crystallisation, and the sintering window of the powder. Thermogravimetric analysis was utilised to determine temperatures of degradation of the powder considered in the study. Lastly, MFI testing was used to determine the variation of flowability of the powder. It was found that the three batches of powder considered showed poor, but allowable morphology and particle size distribution. The sintering window of the virgin Laser PP CP 60 polypropylene powder increased after a single cycle of printing by 28%, from 21.04°C (virgin powder) to 26.95°C (used powder). The sintering window was lower than that for polyamide polymer, which might have contributed to the high shrinkage rates observed during processing of the material, as a narrow sintering window results in difficulties of regulating the cooling rate of the printed parts. The three batches of powder showed high degradation temperatures, which makes the material suitable for SLS processing. Finally, the three batches of powder showed low values of MFI, which indicates that the molten material has a high viscosity. This explains the difficulties experienced in processing the material.
{"title":"Powder Characterization for a New Selective Laser Sintering Polypropylene Material (Laser PP CP 60) after Single Print Cycle Degradation","authors":"F. M. Mwania, M. Maringa, K. V. D. Walt","doi":"10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3342-3358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3342-3358","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments were conducted to characterise a new polymeric powder (Laser PP CP 60) from Diamond Plastics GmbH used in selective laser sintering (SLS) additive manufacturing (AM). Three different batches of the powder were tested in the study; virgin powder, used powder, and a mixture (50% virgin: 50% used) powder. The three batches of powder were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and melt flow index (MFI) testing. Scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the morphology of particles. The distribution of powder particle sizes was established by analysing the acquired SEM images using ImageJ software. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine the peak melting point, degree of crystallisation, and the sintering window of the powder. Thermogravimetric analysis was utilised to determine temperatures of degradation of the powder considered in the study. Lastly, MFI testing was used to determine the variation of flowability of the powder. It was found that the three batches of powder considered showed poor, but allowable morphology and particle size distribution. The sintering window of the virgin Laser PP CP 60 polypropylene powder increased after a single cycle of printing by 28%, from 21.04°C (virgin powder) to 26.95°C (used powder). The sintering window was lower than that for polyamide polymer, which might have contributed to the high shrinkage rates observed during processing of the material, as a narrow sintering window results in difficulties of regulating the cooling rate of the printed parts. The three batches of powder showed high degradation temperatures, which makes the material suitable for SLS processing. Finally, the three batches of powder showed low values of MFI, which indicates that the molten material has a high viscosity. This explains the difficulties experienced in processing the material.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"58 1","pages":"3342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73461268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.37624/ijert/13.11.2020.3644-3650
Maslennikov E. I., S. I. R., Shtykov A. S., V. A. S
{"title":"Technological Innovations for the Arctic and the Far North: Areas of Patenting Intellectual Property","authors":"Maslennikov E. I., S. I. R., Shtykov A. S., V. A. S","doi":"10.37624/ijert/13.11.2020.3644-3650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37624/ijert/13.11.2020.3644-3650","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73523130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3292-3297
Cuero Jairo, Vargas Javier, J. Edwar
This document presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a sliding mode controller to stabilize the angular position of a 1-DOF helicopter. The dynamic model of the helicopter was found using the system identification technique with the MATLAB toolbox. Also, a classic PID controller was designed to compare the behavior of both controllers and their robustness and disturbances rejection. The simulation of the control strategies was carried out in Simulink and programed on the STM32F411 microcontroller. The PID controller performed well under normal operating conditions, but, with a sustained disturbance at the input, the system output with the PID controller began to oscillate due to perturbance. The Sliding Mode Controller was not the best in the transient state. However, it did show robustness to disturbance, i.e., under the same conditions when the PID controller could not guarantee and stabilize the output, the SMC performed better, with a little slight oscillation in steady-state but without leaving the criterion of 2% of the reference value in the input.
{"title":"Flight Control of a 1-DOF Helicopter System using a Sliding Mode Controller for Disturbance Rejection","authors":"Cuero Jairo, Vargas Javier, J. Edwar","doi":"10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3292-3297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3292-3297","url":null,"abstract":"This document presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a sliding mode controller to stabilize the angular position of a 1-DOF helicopter. The dynamic model of the helicopter was found using the system identification technique with the MATLAB toolbox. Also, a classic PID controller was designed to compare the behavior of both controllers and their robustness and disturbances rejection. The simulation of the control strategies was carried out in Simulink and programed on the STM32F411 microcontroller. The PID controller performed well under normal operating conditions, but, with a sustained disturbance at the input, the system output with the PID controller began to oscillate due to perturbance. The Sliding Mode Controller was not the best in the transient state. However, it did show robustness to disturbance, i.e., under the same conditions when the PID controller could not guarantee and stabilize the output, the SMC performed better, with a little slight oscillation in steady-state but without leaving the criterion of 2% of the reference value in the input.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82719823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3555-3558
S. Khamadeev, L. Galiullin
An analysis of the developed system was carried out. As a result of the analysis, the main precedents of the system were determined, a BPMN diagram was built, an alternative solution was analyzed, and the basic requirements for the system were derived. The basic algorithms of the system were designed, a block diagram of these algorithms was built, and the features of working with OSM data were considered. The technologies used to implement the project were affected. The main application packages are described and the classes of which the main packages are composed. As a result, an application was obtained that meets the requirements set for it. The mapping data update was accelerated, the quality of the received data has not changed, the OSM data processing algorithms work in accordance with the tasks. The software implementation of the project was completed. The following works were performed: the technologies used were described, the software packages were described, class diagrams for all application packages were described. application design has been completed. Six algorithms have been developed that describe the basic processes necessary for the successful operation of the system. These processes are: OSM data processing, Node processing, Way processing, Relation processing, Data writing to the database. Some difficulties that may arise when working with OSM data were also considered.
{"title":"Method of Geodata Processing","authors":"S. Khamadeev, L. Galiullin","doi":"10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3555-3558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3555-3558","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of the developed system was carried out. As a result of the analysis, the main precedents of the system were determined, a BPMN diagram was built, an alternative solution was analyzed, and the basic requirements for the system were derived. The basic algorithms of the system were designed, a block diagram of these algorithms was built, and the features of working with OSM data were considered. The technologies used to implement the project were affected. The main application packages are described and the classes of which the main packages are composed. As a result, an application was obtained that meets the requirements set for it. The mapping data update was accelerated, the quality of the received data has not changed, the OSM data processing algorithms work in accordance with the tasks. The software implementation of the project was completed. The following works were performed: the technologies used were described, the software packages were described, class diagrams for all application packages were described. application design has been completed. Six algorithms have been developed that describe the basic processes necessary for the successful operation of the system. These processes are: OSM data processing, Node processing, Way processing, Relation processing, Data writing to the database. Some difficulties that may arise when working with OSM data were also considered.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"3555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91354362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3783-3789
M. Ibrahim, Waseem Kh. Ibrahim, Ali N. Hamoodi
Power system is prone to faults, because of disoperation of the system or by the natural disasters. This may be caused with damage the components of power system leading to great tasked for their subrogation and cutting the power supply to customers. In this period, much power is exhausted and this stipulation is increasingly transmitted by using transmission line, from one side or place to another side. Different kinds fault may occur in these transmission lines. The major purpose of this article is to analysis and studies the different faults and also declares the impact on transmission line. This work is approach to MATLAB/SIMULINK package. In this work we connect a 100Km terco type and the various cases of fault types are studied where over current relays (OCRs) are used in this work.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of Overcurrent Relay to Protect the Transmission Line","authors":"M. Ibrahim, Waseem Kh. Ibrahim, Ali N. Hamoodi","doi":"10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3783-3789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3783-3789","url":null,"abstract":"Power system is prone to faults, because of disoperation of the system or by the natural disasters. This may be caused with damage the components of power system leading to great tasked for their subrogation and cutting the power supply to customers. In this period, much power is exhausted and this stipulation is increasingly transmitted by using transmission line, from one side or place to another side. Different kinds fault may occur in these transmission lines. The major purpose of this article is to analysis and studies the different faults and also declares the impact on transmission line. This work is approach to MATLAB/SIMULINK package. In this work we connect a 100Km terco type and the various cases of fault types are studied where over current relays (OCRs) are used in this work.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"16 1","pages":"3783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85959840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3732-3735
A. Bagateeva, G. Akhmetzyanova
The article reveals the content of readiness for innovative activity as an integrative characteristic of the professional training of engineers for high-tech production. Various approaches to defining the concept of innovation are shown. According to various authors, the term "innovative activity" is considered as a type of activity, as a process, as a system of activities. The article presents the conceptual provisions used in the development of a model for the formation of engineers' readiness for innovation in high-tech production. Also shown is the author's interpretation of the structural components Models of the readiness of engineers to innovate for the hightech industry. The relationship between all components of the model is determined. The result of the developed model of an engineer for a high-tech industry is a specialist who combines both engineering training and knowledge in the field of management; capable of developing new high-tech products; conduct business planning in the innovation area; spend management audit of functional divisions of the high-tech industry; to develop strategic, tactical and operational plans, budgets of high-tech enterprises; to increase the efficiency of functioning of enterprises in knowledge-intensive industries, etc. This model, being universal, can serve as the basis for the development of methods, technologies for training specialists in other areas and can be translated for the organization of similar educational systems.
{"title":"Model of Developing the Availability of Engineers to Innovative Activity for High-Tech Industry","authors":"A. Bagateeva, G. Akhmetzyanova","doi":"10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3732-3735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3732-3735","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the content of readiness for innovative activity as an integrative characteristic of the professional training of engineers for high-tech production. Various approaches to defining the concept of innovation are shown. According to various authors, the term \"innovative activity\" is considered as a type of activity, as a process, as a system of activities. The article presents the conceptual provisions used in the development of a model for the formation of engineers' readiness for innovation in high-tech production. Also shown is the author's interpretation of the structural components Models of the readiness of engineers to innovate for the hightech industry. The relationship between all components of the model is determined. The result of the developed model of an engineer for a high-tech industry is a specialist who combines both engineering training and knowledge in the field of management; capable of developing new high-tech products; conduct business planning in the innovation area; spend management audit of functional divisions of the high-tech industry; to develop strategic, tactical and operational plans, budgets of high-tech enterprises; to increase the efficiency of functioning of enterprises in knowledge-intensive industries, etc. This model, being universal, can serve as the basis for the development of methods, technologies for training specialists in other areas and can be translated for the organization of similar educational systems.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"3732"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89730344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3575-3578
G. R. Ganieva, D. Iskhakova, Adel Evgenjevich Shammasov, Dmitri Sergeevitch Kostioukov
Various technological defects arise in manufacturing products and welded structures. Mechanical, chemical and thermal influences on structural materials during processing and welding procedures cause changes in ultimate strength, brittle fracture resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. The main operational causes of failures and damage are: defects; violation of operating conditions; corrosion; wear; the presence of overloads and unforeseen loads; improper maintenance, etc. The danger of the influence of defects on performance depends on their kinds, type and number. The classification of possible defects in the product allows us to choose the right method and means of control. However, it should be noted that the norms of rejection based on the results of non-destructive testing adopted in the guidance documentation do not guarantee that the presence of defects in an object with dimensions exceeding the permissible ones leads to a critical decrease in performance during operation. This is due to the fact that the applied X-ray inspection technologies do not allow us to reliably establish the type of defect and determine its characteristics, without which it is impossible to achieve an acceptable reliability of strength calculations. In this regard, this paper discusses the relevance of creating an expertise company for inspection of gas, and oil and gas pipelines using MPS (magnetic prospecting survey). The company will allow the owner of a pipeline monitoring with the use of the MPS method to obtain such data as: presence or absence of unauthorized tie-ins; location of pipeline defects. The main conclusions are made on the technical and economic analysis of the planned production, with the preparation of marketing, production and calendar plans; the risks of the project are analyzed.
{"title":"The Project of Creating an Expert Company for the Diagnosis of Gas, and Also Oil and Gas Pipelines Using Mps","authors":"G. R. Ganieva, D. Iskhakova, Adel Evgenjevich Shammasov, Dmitri Sergeevitch Kostioukov","doi":"10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3575-3578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3575-3578","url":null,"abstract":"Various technological defects arise in manufacturing products and welded structures. Mechanical, chemical and thermal influences on structural materials during processing and welding procedures cause changes in ultimate strength, brittle fracture resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. The main operational causes of failures and damage are: defects; violation of operating conditions; corrosion; wear; the presence of overloads and unforeseen loads; improper maintenance, etc. The danger of the influence of defects on performance depends on their kinds, type and number. The classification of possible defects in the product allows us to choose the right method and means of control. However, it should be noted that the norms of rejection based on the results of non-destructive testing adopted in the guidance documentation do not guarantee that the presence of defects in an object with dimensions exceeding the permissible ones leads to a critical decrease in performance during operation. This is due to the fact that the applied X-ray inspection technologies do not allow us to reliably establish the type of defect and determine its characteristics, without which it is impossible to achieve an acceptable reliability of strength calculations. In this regard, this paper discusses the relevance of creating an expertise company for inspection of gas, and oil and gas pipelines using MPS (magnetic prospecting survey). The company will allow the owner of a pipeline monitoring with the use of the MPS method to obtain such data as: presence or absence of unauthorized tie-ins; location of pipeline defects. The main conclusions are made on the technical and economic analysis of the planned production, with the preparation of marketing, production and calendar plans; the risks of the project are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"37 1","pages":"3575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86636594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3907-3912
Fernando Jove Wilches, Carlos Millan-Paramo, Álvaro Rafael Caballero Guerrero
In this work, the results of the structural modelling of several structures of rigid pavements are presented, consisting of a concrete slab in thicknesses of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 cm, supported by a granular base layer of 20 cm of thickness and this in turn, supported on a material selected to improve the subgrade, in the thicknesses necessary to obtain a level of bearing capacity of the improved subgrade, in terms of its CBR = 5%. For this modelling, the EverFE finite element program was used, through which some interesting relationships could be determined between the thickness of the slab and the stresses and deflections generated, as the structural packages were subjected to four types of loaded axles with the maximum legal loads per axle established in Colombia: steering axles, with a load of 6 tons; single axles with double wheels, with a load of 11 tons; tandem axles, with a load of 22 tons and tridem axles, with a load of 24 tons.
{"title":"Determination of Stresses and Displacements in Rigid Pavement Slabs, Through Finite Element Analysis","authors":"Fernando Jove Wilches, Carlos Millan-Paramo, Álvaro Rafael Caballero Guerrero","doi":"10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3907-3912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT/13.11.2020.3907-3912","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the results of the structural modelling of several structures of rigid pavements are presented, consisting of a concrete slab in thicknesses of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 cm, supported by a granular base layer of 20 cm of thickness and this in turn, supported on a material selected to improve the subgrade, in the thicknesses necessary to obtain a level of bearing capacity of the improved subgrade, in terms of its CBR = 5%. For this modelling, the EverFE finite element program was used, through which some interesting relationships could be determined between the thickness of the slab and the stresses and deflections generated, as the structural packages were subjected to four types of loaded axles with the maximum legal loads per axle established in Colombia: steering axles, with a load of 6 tons; single axles with double wheels, with a load of 11 tons; tandem axles, with a load of 22 tons and tridem axles, with a load of 24 tons.","PeriodicalId":14123,"journal":{"name":"International journal of engineering research and technology","volume":"19 1","pages":"3907"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89512630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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