Pub Date : 2023-06-03DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.443
M. Meriatna, L. Hakim, M. Masrullita, Zulmiardi Zulmiardi, Suri Atika
Heavy metal contamination in the environment is now quite concerning, and it is hazardous if it enters the body. Continuous human interaction with heavy metal lead (Pb) will result in various health problems. Nipa palm is a palm (Palma) thrives in mangrove forest habitats or along the seashore, with a cellulose content of 35.1%, 26.4% hemicellulose, and 17.8% lignin. This research aims to see if palm fronds (Nypa fruticans) can be used as a biosorbent to remove the heavy metal Pb in artificial solutions. The analysis was carried out in phases, beginning with the creation of biosorbents from Nipah fronds by decreasing their size to powder and drying them in the sun, followed by analyzing the efficacy of the biosorbents and the number of functional groups using the FTIR instrument. The research was carried out by varying the particle size of the nipa palm frond adsorbent, namely 40, 60, and 80 mesh, as well as contact times of 30, 60, 90, and 100 minutes, to determine the level of adsorption absorption and the adsorption mechanism using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equation approach. The Pb solution used had a concentration of 20 ppm. The results showed that the maximum metal absorption level was 99.29% at a particle size of 80 mesh with a contact time of 100 minutes. The absorption mechanism is close to the Langmuir isotherm equation with R2 = 0.9998. It is suspected that the adsorption process occurs in one layer (monolayer) of the adsorbent.
{"title":"Study of Adsorption of Lead Metal (Pb) Using Chemically Acti-vated (Nypa Fruticans) Powder Biosorbent","authors":"M. Meriatna, L. Hakim, M. Masrullita, Zulmiardi Zulmiardi, Suri Atika","doi":"10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.443","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metal contamination in the environment is now quite concerning, and it is hazardous if it enters the body. Continuous human interaction with heavy metal lead (Pb) will result in various health problems. Nipa palm is a palm (Palma) thrives in mangrove forest habitats or along the seashore, with a cellulose content of 35.1%, 26.4% hemicellulose, and 17.8% lignin. This research aims to see if palm fronds (Nypa fruticans) can be used as a biosorbent to remove the heavy metal Pb in artificial solutions. The analysis was carried out in phases, beginning with the creation of biosorbents from Nipah fronds by decreasing their size to powder and drying them in the sun, followed by analyzing the efficacy of the biosorbents and the number of functional groups using the FTIR instrument. The research was carried out by varying the particle size of the nipa palm frond adsorbent, namely 40, 60, and 80 mesh, as well as contact times of 30, 60, 90, and 100 minutes, to determine the level of adsorption absorption and the adsorption mechanism using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equation approach. The Pb solution used had a concentration of 20 ppm. The results showed that the maximum metal absorption level was 99.29% at a particle size of 80 mesh with a contact time of 100 minutes. The absorption mechanism is close to the Langmuir isotherm equation with R2 = 0.9998. It is suspected that the adsorption process occurs in one layer (monolayer) of the adsorbent.","PeriodicalId":14149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85780939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.322
Ahmad Nayan, M. Yusuf, D. Siska
The specimens were prepared with polyester polymer reinforced with natural fiber from three types of bamboo, namely Gigantochloa Apus, Bambusa vulgaris, and Bambusa blumeana. Their tensile properties were compared and investigated. In this paper, the specimen utilization of hand-wet layup processes of polyester resin with natural fibers. The fibers were treated with 5% NaOH solution to remove hemicellulose and create better debonding between matrix and fiber. Bamboo-reinforced composite of 3 types of bamboo with fractions 60% volume is thorn bamboo, Bambusa vulgaris, Gigantochloa Apus, and bamboo wipe without alkali. Of the three types of bamboo, the highest tensile strength of Gigantochloa Apus was soaked using NaOH with an average value of 37.06 MPa, with a tensile strain of 4.11%. In contrast, the lowest tensile strength value is Gigantochloa Apus which was not immersed in NaOH with an average of 13.79 MPa, a tensile strain of 2.54%. This matter shows the effect of immersion on tensile strength bamboo fiber composite. The results of the tensile strength of each type of bamboo obtained in this research, among others, bamboo thorn's tensile strength of 22.81 MPa, Bambusa vulgaris tensile strength of 16.69 MPa, bamboo apus 37.06 MPa, and Gigantochloa Apus without alkali 13.79 MPa. The observations show that Gigantochloa Apuscomposites are suitable for use as alternative tensile materials.
{"title":"Tensile Strength Comparison of Polymer Composite Materials Reinforced by Three Types of Bamboo Fiber Treated With 5% aq. NaOH Solution","authors":"Ahmad Nayan, M. Yusuf, D. Siska","doi":"10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.322","url":null,"abstract":"The specimens were prepared with polyester polymer reinforced with natural fiber from three types of bamboo, namely Gigantochloa Apus, Bambusa vulgaris, and Bambusa blumeana. Their tensile properties were compared and investigated. In this paper, the specimen utilization of hand-wet layup processes of polyester resin with natural fibers. The fibers were treated with 5% NaOH solution to remove hemicellulose and create better debonding between matrix and fiber. Bamboo-reinforced composite of 3 types of bamboo with fractions 60% volume is thorn bamboo, Bambusa vulgaris, Gigantochloa Apus, and bamboo wipe without alkali. Of the three types of bamboo, the highest tensile strength of Gigantochloa Apus was soaked using NaOH with an average value of 37.06 MPa, with a tensile strain of 4.11%. In contrast, the lowest tensile strength value is Gigantochloa Apus which was not immersed in NaOH with an average of 13.79 MPa, a tensile strain of 2.54%. This matter shows the effect of immersion on tensile strength bamboo fiber composite. The results of the tensile strength of each type of bamboo obtained in this research, among others, bamboo thorn's tensile strength of 22.81 MPa, Bambusa vulgaris tensile strength of 16.69 MPa, bamboo apus 37.06 MPa, and Gigantochloa Apus without alkali 13.79 MPa. The observations show that Gigantochloa Apuscomposites are suitable for use as alternative tensile materials.","PeriodicalId":14149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80273081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.438
Firzan Firzan, Irfan Irfan, Samsunan Samsunan, Rahmat Djamaluddin, Deni Ilham Yani
Teuku Umar University (UTU) is a public university located in West Aceh Regency. The number of active students at UTU was recorded as 6,636 in the academic year 2021-2022. Currently, the UTU campus lacks public transportation serving its vicinity. This study aims to identify the daily activities of UTU students in commuting to the campus and to determine the extent of students' response to the implementation of public transportation services within a ±5 KM buffer zone from the UTU campus. This research utilizes two types of data analysis methods, namely qualitative descriptive and quantitative descriptive. The research findings indicate that 93.5% of students strongly agree with the concept of implementing public transportation, and 75.3% of students agree to switch from private vehicles to public transportation. The majority of daily travel activities are conducted by female students, accounting for 54% compared to 46% of male students. The modes of transportation used to reach the campus are motorcycles (56%), bicycles (6%), and walking (38%). Regarding the frequency of departure times to the campus, 41% of students depart at 08:00 AM, 23% at 09:40 AM, 15% at 10:30 AM, 12% at 11:20 AM, 6% at 01:50 PM, and 3% depart at 04:20 PM. As for the frequency of return times, 16% return at 01:30 PM, 21% at 11:20 AM, 34% at 01:50 PM, 10% at 03:30 PM, 16% at 04:20 PM, and 3% return at 05:10 PM. Based on this study, we recommend developing a dedicated public transportation service concept for UTU students. Data on students' daily activities can serve as crucial input for the future development of public transportation projects.
{"title":"Daily Activity of Teuku Umar University Students Going to Campus","authors":"Firzan Firzan, Irfan Irfan, Samsunan Samsunan, Rahmat Djamaluddin, Deni Ilham Yani","doi":"10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.438","url":null,"abstract":"Teuku Umar University (UTU) is a public university located in West Aceh Regency. The number of active students at UTU was recorded as 6,636 in the academic year 2021-2022. Currently, the UTU campus lacks public transportation serving its vicinity. This study aims to identify the daily activities of UTU students in commuting to the campus and to determine the extent of students' response to the implementation of public transportation services within a ±5 KM buffer zone from the UTU campus. This research utilizes two types of data analysis methods, namely qualitative descriptive and quantitative descriptive. The research findings indicate that 93.5% of students strongly agree with the concept of implementing public transportation, and 75.3% of students agree to switch from private vehicles to public transportation. The majority of daily travel activities are conducted by female students, accounting for 54% compared to 46% of male students. The modes of transportation used to reach the campus are motorcycles (56%), bicycles (6%), and walking (38%). Regarding the frequency of departure times to the campus, 41% of students depart at 08:00 AM, 23% at 09:40 AM, 15% at 10:30 AM, 12% at 11:20 AM, 6% at 01:50 PM, and 3% depart at 04:20 PM. As for the frequency of return times, 16% return at 01:30 PM, 21% at 11:20 AM, 34% at 01:50 PM, 10% at 03:30 PM, 16% at 04:20 PM, and 3% return at 05:10 PM. Based on this study, we recommend developing a dedicated public transportation service concept for UTU students. Data on students' daily activities can serve as crucial input for the future development of public transportation projects.","PeriodicalId":14149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83095335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.458
Raihan Putri, Dheo Pratama, A. Hasibuan, Muchlis Abdul Muthalib, Nanda Sitti Nurfebruary
The electricity distribution system generally starts from the generation, transmission, and distribution systems. In the distribution system, there are two channels, namely primary distribution with a voltage value of 20 kV and secondary distribution with a voltage of 220/380 V. Distributing electrical energy often experiences problems, one of which is the occurrence of energy losses during the distribution of electrical power to customers. Energy losses are energy losses due to technical and non-technical factors. This study evaluates energy losses due to technical factors in the express extension PL 03 and LW 09 PT PLN (Persero) ULP Lhoksukon. The method used to assess energy losses due to technThe calculation results show that theological factors with ETAP software simulations and more detailed technical shrinkage calculations, namely by calculating conductor and transformer shrinkage on the repeater. From the results of the ETAP simulation, it is obtained that the voltage losses of the PL 03 and LW 09 Lhoksukon ULPs still meet the standards according to SPLN 1: 1995 for a voltage of 20 kV where the limits set are +5% maximum and -10% minimum of the system voltage. The drop Voltage of PL 03 Extension is 7.6%, and LW 09 Extension is 8.25% of the nominal voltage of 20 kV. From the calculation results, of Drop Voltage of the PL 03 Repeater is 5.5%, and the LW 09 Repeater is 8.5% of the nominal voltage of 20 kV.
{"title":"Evaluation of Technical Shrinkage of Express Extension PL 03 and LW 09 at PLN Lhoksukon Using ETAP Software","authors":"Raihan Putri, Dheo Pratama, A. Hasibuan, Muchlis Abdul Muthalib, Nanda Sitti Nurfebruary","doi":"10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.458","url":null,"abstract":"The electricity distribution system generally starts from the generation, transmission, and distribution systems. In the distribution system, there are two channels, namely primary distribution with a voltage value of 20 kV and secondary distribution with a voltage of 220/380 V. Distributing electrical energy often experiences problems, one of which is the occurrence of energy losses during the distribution of electrical power to customers. Energy losses are energy losses due to technical and non-technical factors. This study evaluates energy losses due to technical factors in the express extension PL 03 and LW 09 PT PLN (Persero) ULP Lhoksukon. The method used to assess energy losses due to technThe calculation results show that theological factors with ETAP software simulations and more detailed technical shrinkage calculations, namely by calculating conductor and transformer shrinkage on the repeater. From the results of the ETAP simulation, it is obtained that the voltage losses of the PL 03 and LW 09 Lhoksukon ULPs still meet the standards according to SPLN 1: 1995 for a voltage of 20 kV where the limits set are +5% maximum and -10% minimum of the system voltage. The drop Voltage of PL 03 Extension is 7.6%, and LW 09 Extension is 8.25% of the nominal voltage of 20 kV. From the calculation results, of Drop Voltage of the PL 03 Repeater is 5.5%, and the LW 09 Repeater is 8.5% of the nominal voltage of 20 kV.","PeriodicalId":14149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89747981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.431
M. Meriatna, Sanda Mulia Utari, Rizka Mulyawan, M. Muhammad, Zulmiardi Zulmiardi
In the coloring process, the textile industry generally uses synthetic (artificial) dyes, methyl orange (MO). In this study, the adsorption of methyl orange (MO) dye with chitosan was investigated in a series of batch laboratory studies. The adsorption equilibrium study used a MO solution with a concentration of 10 to 50 mg/L with an adsorbent weight of 3 g put into an Erlenmeyer and shaken until the adsorption reached an equilibrium condition. Meanwhile, the adsorption kinetics used a MO solution with an initial concentration of 10 and 20 mg/L with a volume of 100 mL with an adsorbent weight of 3 g and the solution was adjusted to pH 2. Effective operating parameters such as pH, initial concentration of dye (C0) and contact time at adsorption has been investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of methyl orange (MO) dye from chitosan increased with an increasing acid content, and it was found that a solution of pH 2 was the optimal pH value for MO adsorption. The adsorption parameters for the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were determined by nonlinear regression and the equilibrium data were best explained by the Langmuir isotherm model, this was indicated by the high value of the correlation coefficient (R2), which was 0.9595. The maximum adsorption capacity was 0.1297 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics can be successfully applied to pseudo second-order kinetic models. The pseudo second-order model results show that the adsorption process is controlled by chemical sorption (chemisorption).
{"title":"Methyl Orange Absorption Using Chitosan from Shrimp Skin as an Adsorbent","authors":"M. Meriatna, Sanda Mulia Utari, Rizka Mulyawan, M. Muhammad, Zulmiardi Zulmiardi","doi":"10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.431","url":null,"abstract":"In the coloring process, the textile industry generally uses synthetic (artificial) dyes, methyl orange (MO). In this study, the adsorption of methyl orange (MO) dye with chitosan was investigated in a series of batch laboratory studies. The adsorption equilibrium study used a MO solution with a concentration of 10 to 50 mg/L with an adsorbent weight of 3 g put into an Erlenmeyer and shaken until the adsorption reached an equilibrium condition. Meanwhile, the adsorption kinetics used a MO solution with an initial concentration of 10 and 20 mg/L with a volume of 100 mL with an adsorbent weight of 3 g and the solution was adjusted to pH 2. Effective operating parameters such as pH, initial concentration of dye (C0) and contact time at adsorption has been investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of methyl orange (MO) dye from chitosan increased with an increasing acid content, and it was found that a solution of pH 2 was the optimal pH value for MO adsorption. The adsorption parameters for the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were determined by nonlinear regression and the equilibrium data were best explained by the Langmuir isotherm model, this was indicated by the high value of the correlation coefficient (R2), which was 0.9595. The maximum adsorption capacity was 0.1297 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics can be successfully applied to pseudo second-order kinetic models. The pseudo second-order model results show that the adsorption process is controlled by chemical sorption (chemisorption).","PeriodicalId":14149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81678235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.430
Azwar Harahap, M. Zakaria, S. Syukriah, Meutia Fadilla
Packaging serves as a food storage system that protects food and goods from natural processes and facilitates ease of transportation. This study aimed to address the problems related to cassava chip packaging, such as inappropriate sizes and packages that are prone to breaking, by applying Quality Function Deployment (QFD) in designing packaging that meets food safety and quality. Through interviews with customers, the study confirmed the existence of packaging problems and the dissatisfaction expressed by customers regarding the product packaging. QFD was employed to determine consumer needs and desires for a product design that conforms to quality characteristics and technical requirements. The study also used a consumer assessment questionnaire to identify the most important product attributes and design requirements that meet consumer expectations. The study found that rectangular packaging shapes, bright colored primary packaging colors, polypropylene plastic packaging materials, the location of the logo on the packaging in the middle of the package square, four, light color, and an image of sweet potato chips on the logo are factors that influence product packaging design that meets food safety and quality. This study's findings can be useful for practitioners and researchers in designing packaging that meets consumer expectations, as well as for promoting food safety and quality.
包装作为一种食品储存系统，保护食品和货物免受自然过程的影响，并便于运输。本研究旨在通过应用质量功能展开(Quality Function Deployment, QFD)设计符合食品安全和质量要求的包装，解决木薯芯片包装中存在的尺寸不合适、包装容易破损等问题。通过对顾客的访谈，研究证实了包装问题的存在以及顾客对产品包装表达的不满。QFD用于确定消费者对符合质量特征和技术要求的产品设计的需求和愿望。该研究还使用了消费者评估问卷来确定最重要的产品属性和满足消费者期望的设计要求。研究发现，矩形包装形状、色彩鲜艳的主包装颜色、聚丙烯塑料包装材料、包装上标识的位置在包装方形中间、四、浅色、标识上有红薯片的形象是影响产品包装设计是否符合食品安全和质量的因素。这项研究的结果可以帮助从业者和研究人员设计符合消费者期望的包装，以及促进食品安全和质量。
{"title":"Design of Safe and Quality Potato Chips Product Packaging Using Quality Function Deployment Method","authors":"Azwar Harahap, M. Zakaria, S. Syukriah, Meutia Fadilla","doi":"10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.430","url":null,"abstract":"Packaging serves as a food storage system that protects food and goods from natural processes and facilitates ease of transportation. This study aimed to address the problems related to cassava chip packaging, such as inappropriate sizes and packages that are prone to breaking, by applying Quality Function Deployment (QFD) in designing packaging that meets food safety and quality. Through interviews with customers, the study confirmed the existence of packaging problems and the dissatisfaction expressed by customers regarding the product packaging. QFD was employed to determine consumer needs and desires for a product design that conforms to quality characteristics and technical requirements. The study also used a consumer assessment questionnaire to identify the most important product attributes and design requirements that meet consumer expectations. The study found that rectangular packaging shapes, bright colored primary packaging colors, polypropylene plastic packaging materials, the location of the logo on the packaging in the middle of the package square, four, light color, and an image of sweet potato chips on the logo are factors that influence product packaging design that meets food safety and quality. This study's findings can be useful for practitioners and researchers in designing packaging that meets consumer expectations, as well as for promoting food safety and quality.","PeriodicalId":14149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72804107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v3i1.421
Dewi Purnama Sari, A. Yusra, Z. Zakia, Sri Kurniati
Bamboo has properties that vary from the joint. This study aims to investigate the effect of diameter change on the strength test of laminated bamboo cones, the degree of damage that occurs in laminated bamboo specimens, and the connection tool. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of diameter change on the strength test of laminated bamboo cones, to investigate the degree of damage that occurs in laminated bamboo specimens, and to determine the static load that can be withstood. Deformation characteristics under working load according to [1]. The method used is the half-hole method. In this study, we found that changes in bolt diameter affected the average pivot strength (Fe), with stress increasing with increasing bolt diameter. This study was conducted to determine the properties of the static load that can be endured and the deformation that occurs in laminated bamboo under load. To get the data, we need to do laboratory tests. Bamboo pivot strength test to find Fe max and Fe 5%. A long tube with a width of 39.5 cm, a height of 45 cm, and a length of 450 cm. During the pivot strength test, the broken sample had a zigzag change of 10 mm in diameter. As a result of the strength test of laminated bamboo sticks, the average maximum Fe values of screws with diameters of 8 mm and 10 mm were 85584 MPa and 91930 MPa, respectively. The average (Fe 5%) values for 8 mm and 10 mm diameter screws are 74.819 MPa and 65.594 MPa.
{"title":"The Study Strength of Laminated Bamboo Pedestal Using Bolted Joints","authors":"Dewi Purnama Sari, A. Yusra, Z. Zakia, Sri Kurniati","doi":"10.52088/ijesty.v3i1.421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v3i1.421","url":null,"abstract":"Bamboo has properties that vary from the joint. This study aims to investigate the effect of diameter change on the strength test of laminated bamboo cones, the degree of damage that occurs in laminated bamboo specimens, and the connection tool. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of diameter change on the strength test of laminated bamboo cones, to investigate the degree of damage that occurs in laminated bamboo specimens, and to determine the static load that can be withstood. Deformation characteristics under working load according to [1]. The method used is the half-hole method. In this study, we found that changes in bolt diameter affected the average pivot strength (Fe), with stress increasing with increasing bolt diameter. This study was conducted to determine the properties of the static load that can be endured and the deformation that occurs in laminated bamboo under load. To get the data, we need to do laboratory tests. Bamboo pivot strength test to find Fe max and Fe 5%. A long tube with a width of 39.5 cm, a height of 45 cm, and a length of 450 cm. During the pivot strength test, the broken sample had a zigzag change of 10 mm in diameter. As a result of the strength test of laminated bamboo sticks, the average maximum Fe values of screws with diameters of 8 mm and 10 mm were 85584 MPa and 91930 MPa, respectively. The average (Fe 5%) values for 8 mm and 10 mm diameter screws are 74.819 MPa and 65.594 MPa.","PeriodicalId":14149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75279526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.436
Y. R. Alkhaly, Yovi Chandra, Lis Ayu Widari
Concrete is a building material that consists of a mixture of aggregate and paste. Normal concrete has a unit weight of 2200 kg/m3 to 2500 kg/m3. In addition to normal concrete, lightweight concrete is also known which has a unit weight of less than 1900 kg/m3. The research was conducted to produce lightweight concrete by using aggregate from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste as a substitute for coarse aggregate. This study used 40 cylindrical samples of 150 mm x 300 mm with variations in the use of PET aggregates of 25%, 50%, and 100% of the volume of coarse aggregate. The results show that the use of PET aggregates produces concrete with a decrease in compressive strength of 26%–39% and a decrease in water absorption of 2%–32% from normal concrete. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) testing showed that the concrete with PET aggregates had a lower wave propagation velocity compared to normal concrete. Moreover, Schmidt hammer and splitting tensile test showed that concrete with PET aggregates had lower rebound number and split tensile strength compared to normal concrete. PET substitution percentages of 25% and 50% resulted in unit weights of 2218 kg/m3 and 2102 kg/m3, respectively, which rule out the use of lightweight concrete. However, 100% PET substitution has a unit weight of 1855 kg/m3 with a compressive strength of 14.16 MPa, which can be categorized as moderate structural lightweight aggregate concrete.
混凝土是一种由骨料和浆料混合而成的建筑材料。普通混凝土的单位重量为2200 kg/m3 ~ 2500 kg/m3。除了普通混凝土外，轻质混凝土也被称为单位重量小于1900 kg/m3的混凝土。研究了用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)塑料废料骨料代替粗骨料生产轻量化混凝土的方法。本研究使用了40个150 mm x 300 mm的圆柱形样品，其中PET骨料的使用分别为粗骨料体积的25%、50%和100%。结果表明，使用PET骨料的混凝土抗压强度比普通混凝土降低26% ~ 39%，吸水率降低2% ~ 32%。超声波脉冲速度(UPV)测试表明，掺PET骨料的混凝土比普通混凝土具有更低的波传播速度。Schmidt hammer和劈裂拉伸试验表明，PET骨料混凝土的回弹次数和劈裂抗拉强度均低于普通混凝土。PET替代率为25%和50%，单位重量分别为2218 kg/m3和2102 kg/m3，排除了轻质混凝土的使用。而100% PET替代的单位重量为1855 kg/m3，抗压强度为14.16 MPa，可归类为中等结构轻骨料混凝土。
{"title":"Experimental Study on Utilizing Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste as a Substitute for Coarse Aggregate in the Production of Lightweight Concrete","authors":"Y. R. Alkhaly, Yovi Chandra, Lis Ayu Widari","doi":"10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v3i2.436","url":null,"abstract":"Concrete is a building material that consists of a mixture of aggregate and paste. Normal concrete has a unit weight of 2200 kg/m3 to 2500 kg/m3. In addition to normal concrete, lightweight concrete is also known which has a unit weight of less than 1900 kg/m3. The research was conducted to produce lightweight concrete by using aggregate from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste as a substitute for coarse aggregate. This study used 40 cylindrical samples of 150 mm x 300 mm with variations in the use of PET aggregates of 25%, 50%, and 100% of the volume of coarse aggregate. The results show that the use of PET aggregates produces concrete with a decrease in compressive strength of 26%–39% and a decrease in water absorption of 2%–32% from normal concrete. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) testing showed that the concrete with PET aggregates had a lower wave propagation velocity compared to normal concrete. Moreover, Schmidt hammer and splitting tensile test showed that concrete with PET aggregates had lower rebound number and split tensile strength compared to normal concrete. PET substitution percentages of 25% and 50% resulted in unit weights of 2218 kg/m3 and 2102 kg/m3, respectively, which rule out the use of lightweight concrete. However, 100% PET substitution has a unit weight of 1855 kg/m3 with a compressive strength of 14.16 MPa, which can be categorized as moderate structural lightweight aggregate concrete.","PeriodicalId":14149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85196816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v3i1.435
Hamzani Hamzani, M. Munirwansyah, M. Hasan, S. Sugiarto, B. burhanuddin, Yovi Chandra
The characteristics of semi-flexible pavement (SFP) are strongly influenced by the proportion of cement mortar content filling the voids in the mixture. SFP behavior due to repeated traffic loads causes the pavement structure to experience stress and strain around the wheel axis, resulting in a rapid decline in performance with cracks and permanent defects. Evaluation of the properties of the mixture on the stress-strain parameters of the influence of additives and substitution of many SFP mixture-forming materials has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the stress-strain models of SFP with the effect of waste tire rubber (WTR) additives in asphalt and Aceh natural zeolite substitution in cement mortar under uniaxial compressive load. The porous asphalt mixture is designed in accordance with the optimum asphalt content and open graded aggregate based on the specifications of Bina Marga Regulation 2010 and Australian Asphalt Pavement (AAPA) 2004. The composition of zeolite in SFP mixture can affect the stress behavior, where zeolite can inprove quality of the mortar cement so that it can slow down the development of the SFP mixture flatness and the maximum stress obtained is 17 MPa at 5% zeolite composition. The bilinear model of stress-strains was proposed the results show a good agreement with experimental results.
{"title":"Uniaxial Stress-Strain Behavior for Material Pavement Stabilization by Using Zeolite","authors":"Hamzani Hamzani, M. Munirwansyah, M. Hasan, S. Sugiarto, B. burhanuddin, Yovi Chandra","doi":"10.52088/ijesty.v3i1.435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v3i1.435","url":null,"abstract":"The characteristics of semi-flexible pavement (SFP) are strongly influenced by the proportion of cement mortar content filling the voids in the mixture. SFP behavior due to repeated traffic loads causes the pavement structure to experience stress and strain around the wheel axis, resulting in a rapid decline in performance with cracks and permanent defects. Evaluation of the properties of the mixture on the stress-strain parameters of the influence of additives and substitution of many SFP mixture-forming materials has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the stress-strain models of SFP with the effect of waste tire rubber (WTR) additives in asphalt and Aceh natural zeolite substitution in cement mortar under uniaxial compressive load. The porous asphalt mixture is designed in accordance with the optimum asphalt content and open graded aggregate based on the specifications of Bina Marga Regulation 2010 and Australian Asphalt Pavement (AAPA) 2004. The composition of zeolite in SFP mixture can affect the stress behavior, where zeolite can inprove quality of the mortar cement so that it can slow down the development of the SFP mixture flatness and the maximum stress obtained is 17 MPa at 5% zeolite composition. The bilinear model of stress-strains was proposed the results show a good agreement with experimental results.","PeriodicalId":14149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79725792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v3i1.426
Muda Irwandy, A. Asran, Kartika Munir, S. Salahuddin
Traditional medicines are ingredients or ingredients in the form of plant ingredients, animal ingredients, mineral ingredients, galenic preparations, or mixtures of these materials, which have been used for generations for treatment and can be applied according to the norms in force in society. Bottle shark (Centrophorus atromarginatus) has good prospects as a producer of liver oil; this fish is easy to catch and occurs in relatively large quantities in Indonesian waters. The catch rate until now is only 39% of its sustainable potential. Bottled shark liver oil contains 90% squalene, Vitamin A, and Omega, which are very useful for the human body as a supplement for heart disease and stomach ulcers and increase stamina and brain intelligence. The rapid Development of technology certainly benefits the people who use it. One example of today's use of technology is applying a technology system for the fisheries sector. This tool works automatically to monitor the processing of bottled shark livers. That way, fishermen don't have to worry about cloudy weather or things that will take longer than processing the shark liver bottle. This Bottle Shark Liver Heater uses temperatures at 31˚, 32˚, 33˚, 34˚, and 35˚. With PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control, the quality of the Bottle Shark liver can be maintained. This tool is supported by a DS18B20 temperature sensor, Arduino uno, Relay, Ceramic Heater element, DC Fan, LCD 16X12, Power Supply, and Switch. It is hoped that the community, with this automatic system device, can make it easier to manage Bottle Shark Liver Oil.
{"title":"Pid-Based Bottle Shark Heart Heater Design and Development","authors":"Muda Irwandy, A. Asran, Kartika Munir, S. Salahuddin","doi":"10.52088/ijesty.v3i1.426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v3i1.426","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional medicines are ingredients or ingredients in the form of plant ingredients, animal ingredients, mineral ingredients, galenic preparations, or mixtures of these materials, which have been used for generations for treatment and can be applied according to the norms in force in society. Bottle shark (Centrophorus atromarginatus) has good prospects as a producer of liver oil; this fish is easy to catch and occurs in relatively large quantities in Indonesian waters. The catch rate until now is only 39% of its sustainable potential. Bottled shark liver oil contains 90% squalene, Vitamin A, and Omega, which are very useful for the human body as a supplement for heart disease and stomach ulcers and increase stamina and brain intelligence. The rapid Development of technology certainly benefits the people who use it. One example of today's use of technology is applying a technology system for the fisheries sector. This tool works automatically to monitor the processing of bottled shark livers. That way, fishermen don't have to worry about cloudy weather or things that will take longer than processing the shark liver bottle. This Bottle Shark Liver Heater uses temperatures at 31˚, 32˚, 33˚, 34˚, and 35˚. With PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control, the quality of the Bottle Shark liver can be maintained. This tool is supported by a DS18B20 temperature sensor, Arduino uno, Relay, Ceramic Heater element, DC Fan, LCD 16X12, Power Supply, and Switch. It is hoped that the community, with this automatic system device, can make it easier to manage Bottle Shark Liver Oil.","PeriodicalId":14149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology","volume":"55 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87709383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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