C. Ramachandran, K. Quirin, E. Escalon, S. Melnick
Tinospora cordifolia is an important ayurvedic herb known for its immune stimulating effect. In this investigation, we describe the galectin-3 inhibitory and immune stimulating properties of a novel water-soluble nutraceutical made from Tinospora cordifolia stem. This proprietary extract (T2CA) had a total yield of 6% and contained 86.9% carbohydrates with a high proportion of patented (1,4)-α-D-glucan in it. The T2CA activated T-cytotoxic and NK cells significantly contributing to its immune stimulating effect. Moreover, T2CA induced the activation of functional NK cells in human lymphocyte cultures that in turn contributed to the death of K562 leukemic cells in a dose-dependent manner in co-culture experiments. T2CA inhibited the expression of phosphorylated galectin-3 expression in human glioblastoma cell line which in turn inhibits the activity of MMP2 and MMP9 proteins in zymography investigations and inhibits migration of cancer cells in in vitro scratch assay. Western blot hybridization studies showed that T2CA downregulates the expression of total gal 3 proteins and extended the survival of AKR/J mice injected with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in the Kepler-Meier survival curve analysis. The inhibitory effect of T2CA on phopho-galectin-3 expression and the activation of T-cytotoxic and NK cells suggested its protective effects against pathogenic infections and human malignancies via its immune stimulating mechanisms.
Tinospora cordifolia是一种重要的印度草药，以其免疫刺激作用而闻名。在这项研究中，我们描述了一种新型水溶性营养保健品的半乳糖凝集素-3抑制和免疫刺激特性。该专利提取物(T2CA)总收率为6%，碳水化合物含量为86.9%，其中专利(1,4)-α- d -葡聚糖含量较高。T2CA对t细胞毒性细胞和NK细胞的激活作用显著促进了其免疫刺激作用。此外，T2CA诱导人类淋巴细胞培养中功能性NK细胞的活化，进而在共培养实验中以剂量依赖的方式导致K562白血病细胞死亡。T2CA抑制人胶质母细胞瘤细胞系中磷酸化半乳糖凝集素-3的表达，从而在酶谱研究中抑制MMP2和MMP9蛋白的活性，并在体外刮痕实验中抑制癌细胞的迁移。Western blot杂交研究发现，T2CA下调了总gal 3蛋白的表达，延长了埃利希腹水肿瘤细胞注射后AKR/J小鼠的存活时间。T2CA对pho-galectin-3表达的抑制作用以及对t细胞毒性和NK细胞活化的抑制作用提示其通过免疫刺激机制对致病性感染和人类恶性肿瘤具有保护作用。
{"title":"Immune stimulating and galectin-3 inhibitory effects of a hydrophilic polysaccharide nutraceutical from Tinospora cordifolia","authors":"C. Ramachandran, K. Quirin, E. Escalon, S. Melnick","doi":"10.5138/09750185.2449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2449","url":null,"abstract":"Tinospora cordifolia is an important ayurvedic herb known for its immune stimulating effect. In this investigation, we describe the galectin-3 inhibitory and immune stimulating properties of a novel water-soluble nutraceutical made from Tinospora cordifolia stem. This proprietary extract (T2CA) had a total yield of 6% and contained 86.9% carbohydrates with a high proportion of patented (1,4)-α-D-glucan in it. The T2CA activated T-cytotoxic and NK cells significantly contributing to its immune stimulating effect. Moreover, T2CA induced the activation of functional NK cells in human lymphocyte cultures that in turn contributed to the death of K562 leukemic cells in a dose-dependent manner in co-culture experiments. T2CA inhibited the expression of phosphorylated galectin-3 expression in human glioblastoma cell line which in turn inhibits the activity of MMP2 and MMP9 proteins in zymography investigations and inhibits migration of cancer cells in in vitro scratch assay. Western blot hybridization studies showed that T2CA downregulates the expression of total gal 3 proteins and extended the survival of AKR/J mice injected with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in the Kepler-Meier survival curve analysis. The inhibitory effect of T2CA on phopho-galectin-3 expression and the activation of T-cytotoxic and NK cells suggested its protective effects against pathogenic infections and human malignancies via its immune stimulating mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":14199,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytomedicine","volume":"362 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79589232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Armand, M. Shantaram, S. N. Fewou, F. N. Njayou, Sayali Chandrashekhar Deolankar, P. K. Modi, P. Moundipa
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) belongs to the class of neurodegenerative disorder and is biochemically characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques deposition, accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) accumulation and ultimately neuronal loss. Even though, the progress made in developing efficient AD therapy, there is no effective drug capable to stop and/or slow down AD progression. In the current article, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of Khaya grandifololia crude extract and fraction 2 against Aβ 42 -induced cytotoxicity and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in differentiated neuronal cells (IMR32). Reactive oxygen species production, apoptosis and mitochondrial dynamics and function, synaptic protein, and tau phosphorylation were evaluated using fluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Findings revealed that exposure of differentiated IMR32 cells to Aβ 42 alone induced the impairment of mitochondrial dynamics, decrease synaptic protein expression and increase hyperphosphorylation of tau protein (phospho tau181). In contrast, the presence of crude extract and KGf2 significantly inhibited the cleavage of Caspase-3 activation. In addition, the levels of synaptic proteins (Symptosomal associated protein 25 and Synaptosin) and superoxide dismutase were restored upon treatment with crude extract and fraction 2. Hyperphosphorylation of tau protein (Thr181) and ERK (Thr202/Tyr205) activities were also significantly reduced after treatment with crude extract and fraction 2. Our findings suggest that KG extract is a potential source for candidate drug against AD and may contribute to the development of efficient therapeutic strategy against AD.
{"title":"Prevention of β-amyloid-induced toxicity in a differentiated neuronal (IMR32) cell line by Khaya grandifololia (Welw) C. DC.","authors":"E. Armand, M. Shantaram, S. N. Fewou, F. N. Njayou, Sayali Chandrashekhar Deolankar, P. K. Modi, P. Moundipa","doi":"10.5138/09750185.2443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2443","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer’s disease (AD) belongs to the class of neurodegenerative disorder and is biochemically characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques deposition, accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) accumulation and ultimately neuronal loss. Even though, the progress made in developing efficient AD therapy, there is no effective drug capable to stop and/or slow down AD progression. In the current article, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of Khaya grandifololia crude extract and fraction 2 against Aβ 42 -induced cytotoxicity and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in differentiated neuronal cells (IMR32). Reactive oxygen species production, apoptosis and mitochondrial dynamics and function, synaptic protein, and tau phosphorylation were evaluated using fluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Findings revealed that exposure of differentiated IMR32 cells to Aβ 42 alone induced the impairment of mitochondrial dynamics, decrease synaptic protein expression and increase hyperphosphorylation of tau protein (phospho tau181). In contrast, the presence of crude extract and KGf2 significantly inhibited the cleavage of Caspase-3 activation. In addition, the levels of synaptic proteins (Symptosomal associated protein 25 and Synaptosin) and superoxide dismutase were restored upon treatment with crude extract and fraction 2. Hyperphosphorylation of tau protein (Thr181) and ERK (Thr202/Tyr205) activities were also significantly reduced after treatment with crude extract and fraction 2. Our findings suggest that KG extract is a potential source for candidate drug against AD and may contribute to the development of efficient therapeutic strategy against AD.","PeriodicalId":14199,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytomedicine","volume":"58 34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82356083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Deeb, H. Eid, A. Sleem, Ghada F Metwally, M. A. Halim
Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. is an ornamental plant cultivated in tropical, subtropical regions and other places as Egypt. The present study aimed to perform bioassay guided fractionation and isolation of some of the bioactive compounds from the Egyptian cultivate. The total ethanol extracts of the leaves (T.ET.L.), stems (T.ET.S.) and flowers (T.ET.F.) were screened for some pharmacological activities viz. in vivo anti-oxidant and anti-hepatotoxic, in addition to in vitro cytotoxic activities. The anti-oxidant effect was assessed by measuring serum glutathione level (GSH) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The anti-hepatotoxic activity was evaluated via measuring serum markers level viz . alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. In vitro cytotoxicity of the different extracts was estimated for liver cancer cell line (HEPG2) adopting Sulforhodamine B stain assay. T.ET.L. exhibited significantly potent anti-oxidant and anti-hepatotoxic activities, while T.ET.S. showed the highest cytotoxic activity. Through biological guided fractionation, leaves and stems were subjected to successive solvent extraction, whereas the leaves ethyl acetate (Et.Ac.L.) and the stems ethanol 70% (Et.70%S.) extracts showed highly potent activities. Thus, different chromatographic techniques were performed on Et.Ac.L. and Et.70%S. extracts leading to the isolation of five bioactive metabolites. Three flavonoids were isolated from Et.Ac.L.; genistein-7-O-rutinoside (1) , formononetin-7-O-rutinoside (2) and myricetin (3) , while orobol-7-O-glucoside (4) and hesperidin (5) were isolated from Et.70%S. This work demonstrated the importance of the plant as a promising anti-oxidant, anti-hepatotoxic and cytotoxic product for nutraceutical use.
九重葛(三角梅)是一种观赏植物，栽培于热带、亚热带及埃及等地。本研究旨在进行生物测定指导分离和分离埃及栽培的一些生物活性化合物。对其叶(T.ET.L.)、茎(T.ET.S.)和花(T.ET.F.)的总乙醇提取物进行体内抗氧化、抗肝毒和体外细胞毒活性的筛选。通过测定四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病大鼠血清谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平，评价其抗氧化作用。通过测定血清标志物水平来评价其抗肝毒活性。谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)在ccl4诱导大鼠肝毒性中的作用。采用硫磺胺B染色法测定不同提取物对肝癌细胞株HEPG2的体外细胞毒性。T.ET.L。显示出显著的抗氧化和抗肝毒活性;细胞毒活性最高。通过生物引导分馏，对叶和茎进行连续溶剂提取，叶乙酸乙酯(Et.Ac.L.)和茎70%乙醇(Et.70%S.)提取物具有较强的活性。因此，对Et.Ac.L采用了不同的色谱技术。和Et.70%S。从提取物中分离出五种生物活性代谢物。从Et.Ac.L中分离得到3种黄酮类化合物;染料木素-7- o -芦丁苷(1)、刺芒柄花素-7- o -芦丁苷(2)和杨梅素(3)，桃红素-7- o -葡萄糖苷(4)和橙皮苷(5)。这项工作证明了该植物作为一种有前途的抗氧化、抗肝毒性和细胞毒性营养品的重要性。
{"title":"Isolation of biologically active metabolites from Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. cultivated in Egypt","authors":"K. Deeb, H. Eid, A. Sleem, Ghada F Metwally, M. A. Halim","doi":"10.5138/09750185.2405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2405","url":null,"abstract":"Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. is an ornamental plant cultivated in tropical, subtropical regions and other places as Egypt. The present study aimed to perform bioassay guided fractionation and isolation of some of the bioactive compounds from the Egyptian cultivate. The total ethanol extracts of the leaves (T.ET.L.), stems (T.ET.S.) and flowers (T.ET.F.) were screened for some pharmacological activities viz. in vivo anti-oxidant and anti-hepatotoxic, in addition to in vitro cytotoxic activities. The anti-oxidant effect was assessed by measuring serum glutathione level (GSH) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The anti-hepatotoxic activity was evaluated via measuring serum markers level viz . alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. In vitro cytotoxicity of the different extracts was estimated for liver cancer cell line (HEPG2) adopting Sulforhodamine B stain assay. T.ET.L. exhibited significantly potent anti-oxidant and anti-hepatotoxic activities, while T.ET.S. showed the highest cytotoxic activity. Through biological guided fractionation, leaves and stems were subjected to successive solvent extraction, whereas the leaves ethyl acetate (Et.Ac.L.) and the stems ethanol 70% (Et.70%S.) extracts showed highly potent activities. Thus, different chromatographic techniques were performed on Et.Ac.L. and Et.70%S. extracts leading to the isolation of five bioactive metabolites. Three flavonoids were isolated from Et.Ac.L.; genistein-7-O-rutinoside (1) , formononetin-7-O-rutinoside (2) and myricetin (3) , while orobol-7-O-glucoside (4) and hesperidin (5) were isolated from Et.70%S. This work demonstrated the importance of the plant as a promising anti-oxidant, anti-hepatotoxic and cytotoxic product for nutraceutical use.","PeriodicalId":14199,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytomedicine","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77303349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traoré Tata Kadiatou, N. Ouedraogo, G. Ouédraogo, Gilchrist A. L. Boly, Leïla M. E. W. Kabré, Ernest Nogma Sombié, J. N’do, S. Ouedraogo, M. Lompo, S. Ouédraogo, A. Tibiri, I. Guissou
Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del (Balanitaceae) is traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments such as syphilis, jaundice and liver disorders, epilepsy, ... This study was designed to evaluate acute toxicity and hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of Balanites aegyptiaca on CCl 4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Methods: Acute toxicity was assessed with the extract at a dose of 2000 mg / kg bw. The extract at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg / kg b.w. was orally administered respectively to CC1 4 -induced hepatotoxicity (0.5 ml / kg) animals. Silymarin (100 mg / kg) was given as a reference. Biochemical parameters such as ALT, AST, PT, ALB and ALP were assayed as well as enzymatic antioxidant activities SOD, CAT and MDA. Nitrogen monoxide (NO) involved in inflammation was also measured. Results: Activities of liver marker enzymes, ALT, AST and ALP, total protein, albumin and showed a significant hepatoprotective effect. Regarding antioxidant enzymatic activities in vivo (SOD, CAT and MDA) of aqueous extract exhibited a significant effect showing increasing levels of SOD, CAT and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The production of NO is significantly reduced compared to the batch intoxicated by CCl 4 . Conclusion: Balanites aegyptiaca is endowed with hepatoprotective properties that can be attributed to antioxidant potential which could justify its use in traditional medicine in liver disorders.
埃及Balanites aegyptiaca (L.)Del (Balanitaceae)传统上用于治疗各种疾病，如梅毒，黄疸和肝脏疾病，癫痫，…本研究旨在评价埃及巴兰水提物对cccl诱导的大鼠急性毒性和肝保护作用。方法:以2000 mg / kg bw剂量对其进行急性毒性评价。分别以25、50和100 mg / kg b.w.剂量口服cc14肝毒性动物(0.5 ml / kg)。以水飞蓟素(100 mg / kg)作为对照。测定血清ALT、AST、PT、ALB、ALP等生化指标及SOD、CAT、MDA等酶抗氧化活性。同时测定了一氧化氮(NO)与炎症反应的关系。结果:肝标志物酶、ALT、AST、ALP、总蛋白、白蛋白活性均有明显的保肝作用。在体内抗氧化酶活性(SOD、CAT和MDA)方面，水提物表现出显著的提高SOD、CAT水平和降低丙二醛(MDA)水平的作用。与cccl中毒的批次相比，NO的产生明显减少。结论:埃及巴兰具有保护肝脏的作用，其抗氧化作用可用于治疗肝脏疾病。
{"title":"Hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Balanites aegyptiaca L. Delile (Balanitaceae) roots bark","authors":"Traoré Tata Kadiatou, N. Ouedraogo, G. Ouédraogo, Gilchrist A. L. Boly, Leïla M. E. W. Kabré, Ernest Nogma Sombié, J. N’do, S. Ouedraogo, M. Lompo, S. Ouédraogo, A. Tibiri, I. Guissou","doi":"10.5138/09750185.2433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2433","url":null,"abstract":"Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del (Balanitaceae) is traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments such as syphilis, jaundice and liver disorders, epilepsy, ... This study was designed to evaluate acute toxicity and hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of Balanites aegyptiaca on CCl 4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Methods: Acute toxicity was assessed with the extract at a dose of 2000 mg / kg bw. The extract at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg / kg b.w. was orally administered respectively to CC1 4 -induced hepatotoxicity (0.5 ml / kg) animals. Silymarin (100 mg / kg) was given as a reference. Biochemical parameters such as ALT, AST, PT, ALB and ALP were assayed as well as enzymatic antioxidant activities SOD, CAT and MDA. Nitrogen monoxide (NO) involved in inflammation was also measured. Results: Activities of liver marker enzymes, ALT, AST and ALP, total protein, albumin and showed a significant hepatoprotective effect. Regarding antioxidant enzymatic activities in vivo (SOD, CAT and MDA) of aqueous extract exhibited a significant effect showing increasing levels of SOD, CAT and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The production of NO is significantly reduced compared to the batch intoxicated by CCl 4 . Conclusion: Balanites aegyptiaca is endowed with hepatoprotective properties that can be attributed to antioxidant potential which could justify its use in traditional medicine in liver disorders.","PeriodicalId":14199,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytomedicine","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78694127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fumaria indica (Haussk.) Pugsley, Fumariaceae [syn. F. vaillantii Loisel.] is an important medicinal plant known as ‘Fumitory’. Ethnobotanical and ayurvedic literature reports that the plant is used in treatment of liver diseases as well as diverse pharmacological activities. In present work, in vitro hepatoprotective effects of ethanol extract of F. indica (FUP) and alkaloid, protopine (PRT) on carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress has been demonstrated. An isoquinoline alkaloid, protopine was isolated from ethanol extract of F. indica and characterized by spectral data. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) and ethanol has been used as a hepatotoxin. Cytotoxicity was estimated by quantitating the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in culture medium along with antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase. HPLC profile of FUP and PRT was developed using water: methanol (7:3) as a mobile phase. CCl 4 and ethanol induces 5.5 and 4 times more release of LDH from the liver cells and twice the amount of lipid peroxidation as compared to the cells from untreated liver tissue. These LDH and lipid perioxidation activities were reduced significantly in dose dependent manner after addition of FUP and PRT (at doses 0.5 % FUP and at does 0.025, 0.05 % PRT; p < 0.001). The activity of antioxidant enzymes was found to be elevated in CCl 4 /ethanol treated cells. However, after addition of FUP/PRT along with cytotoxicant the activities were lowered significantly. The peak of PRT has been detected in FUP at retention times 1.670. sBased on these studies it may be precluded that protopine from F. indica , as a possible therapeutic for preventing oxidative stress in vitro by boosting the antioxidant capacity of the liver.
{"title":"In vitro Hepatoprotective potential of the whole plant of Fumaria indica (Haussk.) Pugsley and an isolated alkaloid Protopine","authors":"A. Rajopadhye, A. Upadhye","doi":"10.5138/09750185.2402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2402","url":null,"abstract":"Fumaria indica (Haussk.) Pugsley, Fumariaceae [syn. F. vaillantii Loisel.] is an important medicinal plant known as ‘Fumitory’. Ethnobotanical and ayurvedic literature reports that the plant is used in treatment of liver diseases as well as diverse pharmacological activities. In present work, in vitro hepatoprotective effects of ethanol extract of F. indica (FUP) and alkaloid, protopine (PRT) on carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress has been demonstrated. An isoquinoline alkaloid, protopine was isolated from ethanol extract of F. indica and characterized by spectral data. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) and ethanol has been used as a hepatotoxin. Cytotoxicity was estimated by quantitating the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in culture medium along with antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase. HPLC profile of FUP and PRT was developed using water: methanol (7:3) as a mobile phase. CCl 4 and ethanol induces 5.5 and 4 times more release of LDH from the liver cells and twice the amount of lipid peroxidation as compared to the cells from untreated liver tissue. These LDH and lipid perioxidation activities were reduced significantly in dose dependent manner after addition of FUP and PRT (at doses 0.5 % FUP and at does 0.025, 0.05 % PRT; p < 0.001). The activity of antioxidant enzymes was found to be elevated in CCl 4 /ethanol treated cells. However, after addition of FUP/PRT along with cytotoxicant the activities were lowered significantly. The peak of PRT has been detected in FUP at retention times 1.670. sBased on these studies it may be precluded that protopine from F. indica , as a possible therapeutic for preventing oxidative stress in vitro by boosting the antioxidant capacity of the liver.","PeriodicalId":14199,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytomedicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78846678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Amponsah, F. A. Armah, J. Alake, B. Harley, E. Ampofo, Evelyn Asante-Kwatia, Aglomasa Bill Clinton, Benjamin Amoani, I. T. Henneh
Context: Schistosomiasis continues to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the neglected tropical diseases. Apart from the high cost of chemotherapy, concerns over drug resistance and tolerance have been raised in the past decade . Objective : The aim of the study was to evaluate the anticercarial activity of extracts and compounds from the stem bark of Holarrhena floribunda on cercaria of Schistosoma haematobium . Methods : Hydroethanolic and alkaloidal extracts from the stem bark of H. floribunda were tested on cercaria at concentrations between 500.00 and 15.625 μg/mL for 180 minutes and assessing the percentage viability at time intervals of 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes. Praziquantel, used as reference drug, and the isolated compounds were tested at similar concentrations. The cercaria mortalities and IC 50 of extracts and compounds were estimated after 30 minutes of incubation. Results : The 70 %v/v ethanol extract showed the highest activity (IC 50 =20.09±1.11 μg/mL) with praziquantel giving IC 50 of 695.50±1.12. The alkaloids holonamine, holadienine and conessine, isolated from the stem bark, showed considerable cercaricidal activity with the latter recording an IC 50 of 33.28±1.04. Conclusion : The study gives first-hand knowledge of the anti-cercarial activity of H. floribunda and its steroidal alkaloids. This gives credence to the traditional uses of the plant as an anti-parasitic agent.
{"title":"In-vitro Anti-cercarial activity of extracts and steroidal alkaloids from the stem bark of Holarrhena floribunda (G. Don) Dur. & Schinz","authors":"I. Amponsah, F. A. Armah, J. Alake, B. Harley, E. Ampofo, Evelyn Asante-Kwatia, Aglomasa Bill Clinton, Benjamin Amoani, I. T. Henneh","doi":"10.5138/09750185.2415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2415","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Schistosomiasis continues to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the neglected tropical diseases. Apart from the high cost of chemotherapy, concerns over drug resistance and tolerance have been raised in the past decade . Objective : The aim of the study was to evaluate the anticercarial activity of extracts and compounds from the stem bark of Holarrhena floribunda on cercaria of Schistosoma haematobium . Methods : Hydroethanolic and alkaloidal extracts from the stem bark of H. floribunda were tested on cercaria at concentrations between 500.00 and 15.625 μg/mL for 180 minutes and assessing the percentage viability at time intervals of 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes. Praziquantel, used as reference drug, and the isolated compounds were tested at similar concentrations. The cercaria mortalities and IC 50 of extracts and compounds were estimated after 30 minutes of incubation. Results : The 70 %v/v ethanol extract showed the highest activity (IC 50 =20.09±1.11 μg/mL) with praziquantel giving IC 50 of 695.50±1.12. The alkaloids holonamine, holadienine and conessine, isolated from the stem bark, showed considerable cercaricidal activity with the latter recording an IC 50 of 33.28±1.04. Conclusion : The study gives first-hand knowledge of the anti-cercarial activity of H. floribunda and its steroidal alkaloids. This gives credence to the traditional uses of the plant as an anti-parasitic agent.","PeriodicalId":14199,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytomedicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"69-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86635970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. O. Cruz, B. Fróes, Luana Brito do Nascimento Araújo, Ísis Salviano, José Luiz Mazzei, B. O. Soares, R. Araujo, F. Dantas, A. Mencalha
Infusion of leaves from Chrysobalanus icaco L., known as Icaco or Abajeru, is widely consumed in Brazil due to its therapeutic effects, such as hyperglycemia regulation, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and against chronic diarrhea. The aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract from Icaco also present anti-cancer properties, including colon cancer and leukemia. However, the antitumoral activity of the butanolic fraction still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the antitumoral properties of butanolic fraction against breast and lung cancer cell lines. Breast and lung cancer cell lines were incubated with the butanolic fraction (0.5, 1 and 5 µg.mL-1) for 24h. WST-1 and Trypan blue exclusion assays evaluated cell viability. The reactive oxygen species generation was measured, and the cell death pathway was analyzed by flow cytometry. The phytochemical profile was determined by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. The butanolic fraction presents triterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds as its major constituents. Cell proliferation of MDA-MB-231 and A549 were decreased by butanolic fraction (0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 µg.mL -1 ) treatment. Butanolic fraction (5.0 µg.mL -1 ) increase intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in MDA-MB-231, 118%, and in A549, 20%, cell lines. The loss of viability and reactive oxygen species increase was accompanied by apoptosis induction. The cellular migration of both cell lines was decreased by 13% in MDA-MB-231 and by 58% in A549 with the butanolic fraction of C. icaco . These results suggest that the butanolic fraction from Chrysobalanus icaco has anti-cancer properties against MDA-MB-231 and A549 cancer cells.
{"title":"Antitumoral properties of butanolic fraction from leaves extract of Chrysobalanus icaco L. in breast and lung cancer cell lines.","authors":"L. O. Cruz, B. Fróes, Luana Brito do Nascimento Araújo, Ísis Salviano, José Luiz Mazzei, B. O. Soares, R. Araujo, F. Dantas, A. Mencalha","doi":"10.5138/09750185.2377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2377","url":null,"abstract":"Infusion of leaves from Chrysobalanus icaco L., known as Icaco or Abajeru, is widely consumed in Brazil due to its therapeutic effects, such as hyperglycemia regulation, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and against chronic diarrhea. The aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract from Icaco also present anti-cancer properties, including colon cancer and leukemia. However, the antitumoral activity of the butanolic fraction still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the antitumoral properties of butanolic fraction against breast and lung cancer cell lines. Breast and lung cancer cell lines were incubated with the butanolic fraction (0.5, 1 and 5 µg.mL-1) for 24h. WST-1 and Trypan blue exclusion assays evaluated cell viability. The reactive oxygen species generation was measured, and the cell death pathway was analyzed by flow cytometry. The phytochemical profile was determined by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. The butanolic fraction presents triterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds as its major constituents. Cell proliferation of MDA-MB-231 and A549 were decreased by butanolic fraction (0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 µg.mL -1 ) treatment. Butanolic fraction (5.0 µg.mL -1 ) increase intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in MDA-MB-231, 118%, and in A549, 20%, cell lines. The loss of viability and reactive oxygen species increase was accompanied by apoptosis induction. The cellular migration of both cell lines was decreased by 13% in MDA-MB-231 and by 58% in A549 with the butanolic fraction of C. icaco . These results suggest that the butanolic fraction from Chrysobalanus icaco has anti-cancer properties against MDA-MB-231 and A549 cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":14199,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytomedicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"01-06"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84131315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Dembele, A. Okon, B. N. Djyh, P. Kambou, J. Djaman, Mireille Treyavo, J. N’Guessan
Oxidative stress is a determining factor in the pathophysiology of heart disease. This study aimed at evaluating the protective activity of Abengourou Forastero cocoa in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Thirty (30) wistar rats divided into 5 groups were orally pretreated with distilled water, resveratrol (25 mg/kg/day) or defatted Abengourou Forastero cocoa powder (1000 and 1500 mg/kg/day) for sixty (60) consecutive days. A single dose of doxorubicin (15 mg/kg/day) was administered on day 59 by intraperitoneal route. The biochemical parameters were assessed and a histological examination of the heart was performed. This study showed that doxorubicin treated animals exhibited a significant increase of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphocreatine kinases, creatine kinases, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol levels in serum. However, a decrease of HDL-cholesterol and an alteration of cardiac tissue were noticed. Preventive treatment with Abengourou Forastero cocoa at doses of 1000 and 1500 mg/kg significantly reduced the biochemical and histological alterations induced by doxorubicin. Results showed that Abengourou Forastero cocoa protects and prevents against doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage.
{"title":"Effect of Abengourou forastero cocoa against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in experimental rats","authors":"A. Dembele, A. Okon, B. N. Djyh, P. Kambou, J. Djaman, Mireille Treyavo, J. N’Guessan","doi":"10.5138/09750185.2392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2392","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress is a determining factor in the pathophysiology of heart disease. This study aimed at evaluating the protective activity of Abengourou Forastero cocoa in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Thirty (30) wistar rats divided into 5 groups were orally pretreated with distilled water, resveratrol (25 mg/kg/day) or defatted Abengourou Forastero cocoa powder (1000 and 1500 mg/kg/day) for sixty (60) consecutive days. A single dose of doxorubicin (15 mg/kg/day) was administered on day 59 by intraperitoneal route. The biochemical parameters were assessed and a histological examination of the heart was performed. This study showed that doxorubicin treated animals exhibited a significant increase of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphocreatine kinases, creatine kinases, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol levels in serum. However, a decrease of HDL-cholesterol and an alteration of cardiac tissue were noticed. Preventive treatment with Abengourou Forastero cocoa at doses of 1000 and 1500 mg/kg significantly reduced the biochemical and histological alterations induced by doxorubicin. Results showed that Abengourou Forastero cocoa protects and prevents against doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage.","PeriodicalId":14199,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytomedicine","volume":"60 1","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81109358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paullinia pinnata is a plant introduced to tropical Africa and has been reported to be useful in folkloric medicine. Different medicinal potentials of the leaves have been investigated some of which have corroborated reports in traditional medicine. Compounds have been isolated from extracts of the leaves which have been shown to have medicinal value. These compounds are from different classes of secondary metabolites including tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids. Fatty acids have also been shown to be present. This report is set to enumerate the traditional use of the leaves of P.pinnata and research findings already documented.
{"title":"The Medicinal Properties of P aullinia pinnata Linn. Leaves","authors":"O. Adeyemo-Salami","doi":"10.5138/09750185.2376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2376","url":null,"abstract":"Paullinia pinnata is a plant introduced to tropical Africa and has been reported to be useful in folkloric medicine. Different medicinal potentials of the leaves have been investigated some of which have corroborated reports in traditional medicine. Compounds have been isolated from extracts of the leaves which have been shown to have medicinal value. These compounds are from different classes of secondary metabolites including tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids. Fatty acids have also been shown to be present. This report is set to enumerate the traditional use of the leaves of P.pinnata and research findings already documented.","PeriodicalId":14199,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytomedicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"19-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87227984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. K. Manikyam, S. Joshi, M. Malinidevi, Afeefa Noor
Ayurveda and Siddha systems are the two ancient medical systems originated in India more than 4000 years ago had given many formulary and treatment methods against influenza like infections. Kabasura churan from Siddha system and Maha sudharshan churan from the Ayurvedic system are the two major formulations along with many other individual herbs mentioned in the texts to treat Influenza like infections. Kabasura churan and Maha Sudarshan churan both have antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Both formulations were prepared according to Siddha and Ayurvedic texts. Herbs mentioned in both formulations like Turmeric, Tulsi (Basil), Kalmegh (Andrographis), Black Pepper, Liquorice (Mulethi), and Dronapushpi (Leucas) etc., had direct antiviral effect. Herbs like Aswagandha, Ginger, Guduchi (Tinospora), Kulanjan (Galangal) etc., had immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effect. Active compounds from different herbs were selected to study their antiviral activity through molecular docking algorithm. Application of modern of tools like Bioinformatics and Highthroughput screening methods can predict the efficacy of the ancient documented formulations and can be compared as per their literature. Compounds like curcumin, Glycyrrhizin, Ursolic acid, Quercetin, Andrographolide, Coumarins etc. were showed polyspecific activity like inhibition of Spike protein, Furin, Main Protease (Mpro) and Papain like Proteases (PLpro). Thus we propose use of Kabasura churan and Maha Sudharshan churan as alternative complementary medicine as a palliative treatment against COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 by conducting proper Randomized Clinical Trials
{"title":"Ayurveda and Siddha systems polyherbal formulations to treat COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 and brief insight on application of Molecular Docking and SWISS Target prediction tools to study efficacy of active molecules","authors":"H. K. Manikyam, S. Joshi, M. Malinidevi, Afeefa Noor","doi":"10.5138/09750185.2409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2409","url":null,"abstract":"Ayurveda and Siddha systems are the two ancient medical systems originated in India more than 4000 years ago had given many formulary and treatment methods against influenza like infections. Kabasura churan from Siddha system and Maha sudharshan churan from the Ayurvedic system are the two major formulations along with many other individual herbs mentioned in the texts to treat Influenza like infections. Kabasura churan and Maha Sudarshan churan both have antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Both formulations were prepared according to Siddha and Ayurvedic texts. Herbs mentioned in both formulations like Turmeric, Tulsi (Basil), Kalmegh (Andrographis), Black Pepper, Liquorice (Mulethi), and Dronapushpi (Leucas) etc., had direct antiviral effect. Herbs like Aswagandha, Ginger, Guduchi (Tinospora), Kulanjan (Galangal) etc., had immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effect. Active compounds from different herbs were selected to study their antiviral activity through molecular docking algorithm. Application of modern of tools like Bioinformatics and Highthroughput screening methods can predict the efficacy of the ancient documented formulations and can be compared as per their literature. Compounds like curcumin, Glycyrrhizin, Ursolic acid, Quercetin, Andrographolide, Coumarins etc. were showed polyspecific activity like inhibition of Spike protein, Furin, Main Protease (Mpro) and Papain like Proteases (PLpro). Thus we propose use of Kabasura churan and Maha Sudharshan churan as alternative complementary medicine as a palliative treatment against COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 by conducting proper Randomized Clinical Trials","PeriodicalId":14199,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytomedicine","volume":"29 1","pages":"35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84067022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：