Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.S5.001
D. Sá-Caputo, A. C. Coelho-Oliveira, Marcia Cristina Moura Fern, es, L. F. Ferreira-Souza, M. Bernardo-Filho
Sedentary Behavior (SB) is defined as the time spent engaged in sitting or lying down activities that require an energy expenditure of 1.0 or Lower Basal Metabolic Rates (METS). SB is associated with deleterious health outcomes and along with the time it has been considered a strong risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. SB is associated with increased body mass, blood pressure, metabolic dysfunction, and chronic disease in general. SB may exacerbate the loss of muscle mass and strength, found that among healthy adults or adults with chronic pain. SB is also linked with numerous adverse mental, poor body composition, and Quality of Life (QOL). Reducing SB may be feasible through interventions that target sedentary behavior and physical activity. Considering the effects of the Whole-Body Vibration (WBV) exercise, this type of physical exercise might be an intervention to counterbalance some consequences of the SB. Considering the biological effects of the WBV exercises, this mini review aims to present scientific shreds of evidence that this kind of exercise might counterbalance some negative effects of the SB related to the pain, muscle strength and function, mental conditions, body composition, and QOL. The results suggest that WBV exercise can be a feasible and efficient exercise intervention for the management of individuals with SB. In conclusion, there are findings that WBV exercise seems a clinical intervention to counterbalance the effects of SB, because have been demonstrated potential benefits of vibration stimulus on muscular endurance improvement and pain level reduction, improvements in muscle function, body composition, QOL, and neurological conditions for individuals living with the SB.
{"title":"Whole-Body Vibration Exercise as a Clinical Intervention to Counterbalance Effects of the Sedentary Behavior: Mini Review","authors":"D. Sá-Caputo, A. C. Coelho-Oliveira, Marcia Cristina Moura Fern, es, L. F. Ferreira-Souza, M. Bernardo-Filho","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.S5.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.S5.001","url":null,"abstract":"Sedentary Behavior (SB) is defined as the time spent engaged in sitting or lying down activities that require an energy expenditure of 1.0 or Lower Basal Metabolic Rates (METS). SB is associated with deleterious health outcomes and along with the time it has been considered a strong risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. SB is associated with increased body mass, blood pressure, metabolic dysfunction, and chronic disease in general. SB may exacerbate the loss of muscle mass and strength, found that among healthy adults or adults with chronic pain. SB is also linked with numerous adverse mental, poor body composition, and Quality of Life (QOL). Reducing SB may be feasible through interventions that target sedentary behavior and physical activity. Considering the effects of the Whole-Body Vibration (WBV) exercise, this type of physical exercise might be an intervention to counterbalance some consequences of the SB. Considering the biological effects of the WBV exercises, this mini review aims to present scientific shreds of evidence that this kind of exercise might counterbalance some negative effects of the SB related to the pain, muscle strength and function, mental conditions, body composition, and QOL. The results suggest that WBV exercise can be a feasible and efficient exercise intervention for the management of individuals with SB. In conclusion, there are findings that WBV exercise seems a clinical intervention to counterbalance the effects of SB, because have been demonstrated potential benefits of vibration stimulus on muscular endurance improvement and pain level reduction, improvements in muscle function, body composition, QOL, and neurological conditions for individuals living with the SB.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84325037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.S3.005
Neelam-Walin Shama
Neurofibromatosis is a hereditary issue of the sensory system. Tumors structure on your nerve tissues. Predominantly, neurofibromatosis problems influence the development and improvement of nerve cell tissue. The problems are known as neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). NF1 is the more normal kind of neurofibromatosis. Schwannomatosis has as of late been recognized as a third and more uncommon sort of neurofibromatosis, however specialists don’t think a lot about it yet. You may likewise hear NF1 called Recklinghausen sickness, von Recklinghausen illness, von Recklinghausen’s phakomatosis, von Recklinghausen’s neurofibromatosis, neurofibroma (various), neurofibromatosis-pheochromocytoma-duodenal carcinoid condition, or fringe neurofibromatosis. It causes numerous bistro au lait spots (patches of tan or light earthy colored skin) and neurofibromas (delicate, beefy developments) on or under your skin. It can likewise cause extended or distorted bones and ebb and flow of the spine (scoliosis). Incidentally, tumors may create in the mind, on cranial nerves, or on the spinal rope. About half to 75% of individuals with NF1 likewise have learning inabilities. NF2 is likewise called two-sided acoustic neurofibromatosis, vestibular schwannoma neurofibromatosis, or focal neurofibromatosis. It’s substantially less basic than NF1 and is portrayed by numerous tumors on the cranial and spinal nerves. Tumors that influence both of the hear-able nerves and hearing misfortune starting in the youngsters or mid 20s are by and large the primary indications of NF2.
{"title":"Neurofibromatosis: A Genetic Disorder of Nervous System","authors":"Neelam-Walin Shama","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.S3.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.S3.005","url":null,"abstract":"Neurofibromatosis is a hereditary issue of the sensory system. Tumors structure on your nerve tissues. Predominantly, neurofibromatosis problems influence the development and improvement of nerve cell tissue. The problems are known as neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). NF1 is the more normal kind of neurofibromatosis. Schwannomatosis has as of late been recognized as a third and more uncommon sort of neurofibromatosis, however specialists don’t think a lot about it yet. You may likewise hear NF1 called Recklinghausen sickness, von Recklinghausen illness, von Recklinghausen’s phakomatosis, von Recklinghausen’s neurofibromatosis, neurofibroma (various), neurofibromatosis-pheochromocytoma-duodenal carcinoid condition, or fringe neurofibromatosis. It causes numerous bistro au lait spots (patches of tan or light earthy colored skin) and neurofibromas (delicate, beefy developments) on or under your skin. It can likewise cause extended or distorted bones and ebb and flow of the spine (scoliosis). Incidentally, tumors may create in the mind, on cranial nerves, or on the spinal rope. About half to 75% of individuals with NF1 likewise have learning inabilities. NF2 is likewise called two-sided acoustic neurofibromatosis, vestibular schwannoma neurofibromatosis, or focal neurofibromatosis. It’s substantially less basic than NF1 and is portrayed by numerous tumors on the cranial and spinal nerves. Tumors that influence both of the hear-able nerves and hearing misfortune starting in the youngsters or mid 20s are by and large the primary indications of NF2.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86488156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.602
J. Farragher, Gavin Williams, A. Pranata, D. El-ansary, S. Parry, A. Bryant
Background: Non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) represents a growing global burden. Individuals with LBP inherently adapt in a variety of ways, across psychological, behavioural and physical domains. However, adaptive changes (e.g., altered lifting behaviour) may persist, becoming maladaptive, resulting in negative functional consequences (i.e., persistence of pain, increased disability). Clinical practice guidelines lack specificity to direct the type of interventions, dosage and treatment duration. A better understanding of how the maladaptive changes seen in people with NSCLBP relate to meaningful outcomes (i.e., disability, function, quality of life) and defined subgroups of people with NSCLBP may inform effective interventions. The aim of this review is to investigate the interrelationship of psychological, behavioural and neuromuscular NSCLBP-related adaptations, and their clinical significance with respect to disability, function, quality of life and pain. Methods and findings: Three MEDLINE searches were conducted to investigate the psychological, behavioural and neuromuscular adaptations in people with NSCLBP. The initial search returned 12972 articles and 238 were identified for full-text review. A total of 93 articles were included in this review. Psychological and behavioural maladaptations (i.e., fear-avoidance beliefs) are associated with poorer patient outcomes, whereas there is uncertainty regarding the impact of maladaptations in the neuromuscular system on important clinical outcomes. Moreover, the evidence is more supportive of the interrelationship between psychological and behavioural maladaptations than any interrelation with neuromuscular maladaptations. To date, methodologies designed to assess NSCLBP-related functional deficits lack ecological validity. Assessment of patients with NSCLBP should focus on psychological and behavioural domains that relate to an individual’s disability and functional impairments. Individuals with NSCLBP present with a variety of diverse adaptions that should focus intervention that aligns patient goals and functional deficits.
{"title":"Adaptations Associated with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Narrative Review","authors":"J. Farragher, Gavin Williams, A. Pranata, D. El-ansary, S. Parry, A. Bryant","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.602","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) represents a growing global burden. Individuals with LBP inherently adapt in a variety of ways, across psychological, behavioural and physical domains. However, adaptive changes (e.g., altered lifting behaviour) may persist, becoming maladaptive, resulting in negative functional consequences (i.e., persistence of pain, increased disability). Clinical practice guidelines lack specificity to direct the type of interventions, dosage and treatment duration. A better understanding of how the maladaptive changes seen in people with NSCLBP relate to meaningful outcomes (i.e., disability, function, quality of life) and defined subgroups of people with NSCLBP may inform effective interventions. The aim of this review is to investigate the interrelationship of psychological, behavioural and neuromuscular NSCLBP-related adaptations, and their clinical significance with respect to disability, function, quality of life and pain. Methods and findings: Three MEDLINE searches were conducted to investigate the psychological, behavioural and neuromuscular adaptations in people with NSCLBP. The initial search returned 12972 articles and 238 were identified for full-text review. A total of 93 articles were included in this review. Psychological and behavioural maladaptations (i.e., fear-avoidance beliefs) are associated with poorer patient outcomes, whereas there is uncertainty regarding the impact of maladaptations in the neuromuscular system on important clinical outcomes. Moreover, the evidence is more supportive of the interrelationship between psychological and behavioural maladaptations than any interrelation with neuromuscular maladaptations. To date, methodologies designed to assess NSCLBP-related functional deficits lack ecological validity. Assessment of patients with NSCLBP should focus on psychological and behavioural domains that relate to an individual’s disability and functional impairments. Individuals with NSCLBP present with a variety of diverse adaptions that should focus intervention that aligns patient goals and functional deficits.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81754917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.597
Avishek Choudhury
Objective: A patient’s medical insurance coverage plays an essential role in determining the Post-Acute Care (PAC) discharge disposition. The prior authorization process postpones the PAC discharge disposition, increases the inpatient length of stay, and effects patient health. Our study implements predictive analytics for the early prediction of the PAC discharge disposition to reduce the deferments caused by prior authorization, the inpatient length of stay, and inpatient stay expenses. Methodology: We conducted a group discussion involving 25 Patient Care Facilitators (PCFs) and two Registered Nurses (RNs) and retrieved 1600 patient data records from the initial nursing assessment and discharge notes Results: The Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) algorithm enabled the early prediction of the PAC discharge disposition, accelerated the prior health insurance process, decreased the inpatient length of stay by an average of 22.22%.The model produced an overall accuracy of 84.16% and an area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve value of 0.81. Conclusion: The early prediction of PAC discharge dispositions can reduce authorization process and simultaneously minimize the inpatient the PAC delay caused by the prior health insurance length of stay and related expenses.
{"title":"Using Machine Learning to predict post-acute care and minimize delays caused by Prior","authors":"Avishek Choudhury","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.597","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: A patient’s medical insurance coverage plays an essential role in determining the Post-Acute Care (PAC) discharge disposition. The prior authorization process postpones the PAC discharge disposition, increases the inpatient length of stay, and effects patient health. Our study implements predictive analytics for the early prediction of the PAC discharge disposition to reduce the deferments caused by prior authorization, the inpatient length of stay, and inpatient stay expenses. Methodology: We conducted a group discussion involving 25 Patient Care Facilitators (PCFs) and two Registered Nurses (RNs) and retrieved 1600 patient data records from the initial nursing assessment and discharge notes Results: The Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) algorithm enabled the early prediction of the PAC discharge disposition, accelerated the prior health insurance process, decreased the inpatient length of stay by an average of 22.22%.The model produced an overall accuracy of 84.16% and an area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve value of 0.81. Conclusion: The early prediction of PAC discharge dispositions can reduce authorization process and simultaneously minimize the inpatient the PAC delay caused by the prior health insurance length of stay and related expenses.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73482205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.S3.E003
Rishika Meadwle
sickness, meds, careful therapy, and different treatments can frequently ease a few manifestations.
疾病、药物、精心的治疗和不同的治疗通常可以缓解一些症状。
{"title":"Treatment for Cerebral Aneurysms of Ruputured Aneurysms","authors":"Rishika Meadwle","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.S3.E003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.S3.E003","url":null,"abstract":"sickness, meds, careful therapy, and different treatments can frequently ease a few manifestations.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86237023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.S7.004
Kaori Muraoka
Post-Stroke Depression (PSD) is a common and disturbing complication of stroke that affects rehabilitation outcomes. A past history of depression and severe stroke are risk factors for PSD, and thus, more attention should be paid to such patients. Appropriately diagnosing and screening for PSD is important because proper treatment could improve depressive symptoms and disturbed abilities. Treatment for PSD includes psychological care, nutritional care, pharmacotherapy, and exercise. Pharmacotherapy is currently the leading treatment for PSD, but antidepressants are associated with various adverse effects. Psychological and nutritional care can help manage depressive symptoms and exercise has been proven to be an effective treatment associated with fewer contraindications than pharmacotherapy. These non-pharmacological approaches could be expected to expand in clinical practice.
{"title":"Post-Stroke Depression and Stroke Rehabilitation: Literature Review","authors":"Kaori Muraoka","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.S7.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.S7.004","url":null,"abstract":"Post-Stroke Depression (PSD) is a common and disturbing complication of stroke that affects rehabilitation outcomes. A past history of depression and severe stroke are risk factors for PSD, and thus, more attention should be paid to such patients. Appropriately diagnosing and screening for PSD is important because proper treatment could improve depressive symptoms and disturbed abilities. Treatment for PSD includes psychological care, nutritional care, pharmacotherapy, and exercise. Pharmacotherapy is currently the leading treatment for PSD, but antidepressants are associated with various adverse effects. Psychological and nutritional care can help manage depressive symptoms and exercise has been proven to be an effective treatment associated with fewer contraindications than pharmacotherapy. These non-pharmacological approaches could be expected to expand in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88011720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Neurorehabilitation is facing a unique challenge as COVID-19 circumstances magnify the access and resource barrier in healthcare provision; and are causing disruption in the continuity of care of children with disability. An affirmative action is required as a ‘Disability-inclusive response to the COVID-19 crisis.’ This study thus aimed to determine if Telerehabilitation (TR) model of service delivery is a feasible and effective alternative for pediatric neurophysiotherapy. Methodology: This is a clinical trial conducted on children diagnosed with developmental delay or neurological condition and referred for Physiotherapy at a tertiary care center. Clinical consultation was provided remotely with the use of real time interactive technology. Outcome indicators used were: 1)Timely receipt of physiotherapy services; 2) Child’s clinical outcomes; and 3) Familiy’s acceptability and satisfaction with the provision of TR. Results: With regards to feasibility, the most common issues faced during TR sessions were technical; lack of time with mother; child’s medical illness, etc. Children’s clinical outcomes showed improvement reported as ‘acquisition of developmental skills’ and ‘the use of appropriate functional behaviors to meet their needs’. Families showed satisfaction with TR services however, expressed the need for in-person sessions. Conclusion: In the current scenario, TR may enhance the capacity of families to meet the needs of their child with a disability by connecting them with health care providers, resources and supports; thus ensuring continuity of care. While guidelines to tackle this unprecedented situation continue to develop, TR demonstrates the potential as an alternative rehabilitation strategy thereby ameliorating the impact of social distancing on underprivileged children. However, some psychosocial factors act as barriers to feasibility of TR in pediatric population.
{"title":"Telerehabilitation: An Alternative Service Delivery Model for Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Services at a Tertiary Care Center in India","authors":"Telerehabilitation, Neurophysiotherapy, Disability., Covid","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.S4.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.S4.001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neurorehabilitation is facing a unique challenge as COVID-19 circumstances magnify the access and resource barrier in healthcare provision; and are causing disruption in the continuity of care of children with disability. An affirmative action is required as a ‘Disability-inclusive response to the COVID-19 crisis.’ This study thus aimed to determine if Telerehabilitation (TR) model of service delivery is a feasible and effective alternative for pediatric neurophysiotherapy. Methodology: This is a clinical trial conducted on children diagnosed with developmental delay or neurological condition and referred for Physiotherapy at a tertiary care center. Clinical consultation was provided remotely with the use of real time interactive technology. Outcome indicators used were: 1)Timely receipt of physiotherapy services; 2) Child’s clinical outcomes; and 3) Familiy’s acceptability and satisfaction with the provision of TR. Results: With regards to feasibility, the most common issues faced during TR sessions were technical; lack of time with mother; child’s medical illness, etc. Children’s clinical outcomes showed improvement reported as ‘acquisition of developmental skills’ and ‘the use of appropriate functional behaviors to meet their needs’. Families showed satisfaction with TR services however, expressed the need for in-person sessions. Conclusion: In the current scenario, TR may enhance the capacity of families to meet the needs of their child with a disability by connecting them with health care providers, resources and supports; thus ensuring continuity of care. While guidelines to tackle this unprecedented situation continue to develop, TR demonstrates the potential as an alternative rehabilitation strategy thereby ameliorating the impact of social distancing on underprivileged children. However, some psychosocial factors act as barriers to feasibility of TR in pediatric population.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78593946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The human gut microbiota involve in metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and bile acids. Primary bile acids Cholic acid (CA) and Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) are synthesized in the liver and conjugated with the amino acids glycine or taurine, stored in the gall bladder. Glycine and taurine conjugates of CA and CDCA are transformed into the secondary bile acids deoxycholic acid (DCA), lithocholic acid (LCA) and a small amount of urosodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) by microbiol actions. The bile acids have a unique relationship with the gut microbiota. Although a great deal of work has shown that different bile acids play different roles in maintaining the intestinal barrier according to their uniqueness, the underlying mechanisms are complex and need to be further studied.
{"title":"Function of Bile Acid Associated with Gut Microbiota","authors":"Jieqin Song, Hongwei Hu, Meng Li, Jingjing Xiong, Mei Liu, Yongkun Huang","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.587","url":null,"abstract":"The human gut microbiota involve in metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and bile acids. Primary bile acids Cholic acid (CA) and Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) are synthesized in the liver and conjugated with the amino acids glycine or taurine, stored in the gall bladder. Glycine and taurine conjugates of CA and CDCA are transformed into the secondary bile acids deoxycholic acid (DCA), lithocholic acid (LCA) and a small amount of urosodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) by microbiol actions. The bile acids have a unique relationship with the gut microbiota. Although a great deal of work has shown that different bile acids play different roles in maintaining the intestinal barrier according to their uniqueness, the underlying mechanisms are complex and need to be further studied.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74449109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.593
Khine Zin Aung, Takuji Hinoura, Naomi Kozaka, Y. Kuroda
Title: The relationship between lithium concentration in drinking water and suicide mortality rate: A systematic review. Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is influenced by multiple factors. Recently, several studies have shown that lithium in drinking water is useful for reducing the suicide mortality rate. However, it is still uncertain whether lithium intake from drinking water can achieve an anti-suicidal effect. We performed a systematic review to determine the relationship between lithium in drinking water and suicide mortality rate. Methods and Findings: We reviewed articles related to the lithium concentration in drinking water and suicide mortality rate in various geographical areas between 1990 and 2020. Of 17 articles in our systematic review, 13 reported that lithium in drinking water was significantly negatively associated with standardized mortality ratio (SMR), while 4 studies did not show any associations. On the other hand, others with meta-analysis indicated that there was a negative association between lithium concentration in drinking water and suicide mortality rate. Conclusion: Most of the studies in this review revealed that lithium concentration in drinking water was inversely related to the expected suicide mortality rate in these studies. We reviewed these articles and maintain that the balance of lithium concentration in drinking water and SMR is important in determining whether lithium in drinking water affects suicide mortality rate. If the lithium concentration is stable over the entire study region, or suicide mortality rate is very low, an association between the lithium concentration in drinking water and suicide mortality rate could not be detected even with high lithium concentrations. Therefore, it may be difficult to evaluate the effect of lithium in drinking water on suicide. Further studies are needed to determine the factors related to suicide and lithium intake from sources other than drinking water to assess the relationship between tap water lithium concentration and suicide mortality rate.
{"title":"The Relationship between Lithium Concentration in Drinking Water and Suicide Mortality: A Systematic Review","authors":"Khine Zin Aung, Takuji Hinoura, Naomi Kozaka, Y. Kuroda","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.593","url":null,"abstract":"Title: The relationship between lithium concentration in drinking water and suicide mortality rate: A systematic review. Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is influenced by multiple factors. Recently, several studies have shown that lithium in drinking water is useful for reducing the suicide mortality rate. However, it is still uncertain whether lithium intake from drinking water can achieve an anti-suicidal effect. We performed a systematic review to determine the relationship between lithium in drinking water and suicide mortality rate. Methods and Findings: We reviewed articles related to the lithium concentration in drinking water and suicide mortality rate in various geographical areas between 1990 and 2020. Of 17 articles in our systematic review, 13 reported that lithium in drinking water was significantly negatively associated with standardized mortality ratio (SMR), while 4 studies did not show any associations. On the other hand, others with meta-analysis indicated that there was a negative association between lithium concentration in drinking water and suicide mortality rate. Conclusion: Most of the studies in this review revealed that lithium concentration in drinking water was inversely related to the expected suicide mortality rate in these studies. We reviewed these articles and maintain that the balance of lithium concentration in drinking water and SMR is important in determining whether lithium in drinking water affects suicide mortality rate. If the lithium concentration is stable over the entire study region, or suicide mortality rate is very low, an association between the lithium concentration in drinking water and suicide mortality rate could not be detected even with high lithium concentrations. Therefore, it may be difficult to evaluate the effect of lithium in drinking water on suicide. Further studies are needed to determine the factors related to suicide and lithium intake from sources other than drinking water to assess the relationship between tap water lithium concentration and suicide mortality rate.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74491207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.596
Abigail Maria O'Reilly
With the advent of the Covid-19 pandemic and resulting exponentially increased workload for occupational and other health departments worldwide; telemedicine has been brought to the fore at rapid pace. Healthcare and the management of services have seen a drive to innovate and reinvent the way we conduct our communication with colleagues and patients alike. It is imperative that healthcare professionals, especially occupational health physicians, continue to uphold standards and maintain utmost professional levels of communication to preserve the doctor patient relationship in these challenging times. After all, occupational health in particular is responsible for the health and wellbeing of so many staff, most notably the hard working, -and most at risk- health care staff.
{"title":"A Telephone First Approach in the COVID-19 era","authors":"Abigail Maria O'Reilly","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.596","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of the Covid-19 pandemic and resulting exponentially increased workload for occupational and other health departments worldwide; telemedicine has been brought to the fore at rapid pace. Healthcare and the management of services have seen a drive to innovate and reinvent the way we conduct our communication with colleagues and patients alike. It is imperative that healthcare professionals, especially occupational health physicians, continue to uphold standards and maintain utmost professional levels of communication to preserve the doctor patient relationship in these challenging times. After all, occupational health in particular is responsible for the health and wellbeing of so many staff, most notably the hard working, -and most at risk- health care staff.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81426352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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