Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.604
Naglaa A. Hussein, M. Bartels, Mark G. Thomas, David Z. Prince
Objective: Measure the incidence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)/pre-diabetes among patients with hand nerves entrapment syndromes. Design: Prospective cross sectional. Settings: Outpatient. Participants: 412 patients presented with unilateral or bilateral hand numbness suspecting Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS). Exclusion criteria: Cervical spine or hand trauma history, nerve injury history. Interventions: Each patient was subjected to the following; demographic data including occupation, body mass index, detailed medical history including DM history. Neck exam including Spurling test. Full neurological exam. Main outcome measures: Upper extremities Nerve conduction studies and electromyography of segment pointing muscles. Laboratory testing including glycosylated hemoglobin (HgA1c), liver and kidney functions. Cervical spine MRI if possible. Results: Mean age 59.4 ± 11.123. All patients were right-handed, Male 37.1%, female 62.9%, Mean body mass index (BMI) 32.2 ± 8.2. majority were manual workers (55.1%). HgA1c <5.5 has the fewest patients (7.3%), highest number of patients with HgA1c 5.5-6.0. significant relation between HgA1c categories and sensory CTS p=0.001 and sensory motor CTS p=0.001. No significant relation between HgA1c categories and demyelinating pathology p=0.123 but significant with demyelinating axonal pathology p=0.017. Significant relation between HgA1c and Guyon canal syndrome p=0.001 and polyneuropathy p=0.001. No significance between HgA1c and cervical radiculopathy p=0321. Conclusions: High incidence of DM and pre-diabetes among patients with hand nerve entrapment: CTS, Guyon syndrome together with polyneuropathy. EN may be the earliest neurophysiological abnormalities in DM, particularly in the upper limbs, even in the absence of a generalized polyneuropathy, or it may be superimposed on a generalized diabetic neuropathy. Due to the metabolic alterations consequent to abnormal glucose metabolism, the peripheral nerves show both functional impairment and structural changes, even in the preclinical stage, making them more prone to entrapment in anatomically constrained channels.
{"title":"Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus Type II and Pre-Diabetes among Hand Nerves Entrapment Neuropathy Patients: Epidemiological Study","authors":"Naglaa A. Hussein, M. Bartels, Mark G. Thomas, David Z. Prince","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.604","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Measure the incidence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)/pre-diabetes among patients with hand nerves entrapment syndromes. Design: Prospective cross sectional. Settings: Outpatient. Participants: 412 patients presented with unilateral or bilateral hand numbness suspecting Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS). Exclusion criteria: Cervical spine or hand trauma history, nerve injury history. Interventions: Each patient was subjected to the following; demographic data including occupation, body mass index, detailed medical history including DM history. Neck exam including Spurling test. Full neurological exam. Main outcome measures: Upper extremities Nerve conduction studies and electromyography of segment pointing muscles. Laboratory testing including glycosylated hemoglobin (HgA1c), liver and kidney functions. Cervical spine MRI if possible. Results: Mean age 59.4 ± 11.123. All patients were right-handed, Male 37.1%, female 62.9%, Mean body mass index (BMI) 32.2 ± 8.2. majority were manual workers (55.1%). HgA1c <5.5 has the fewest patients (7.3%), highest number of patients with HgA1c 5.5-6.0. significant relation between HgA1c categories and sensory CTS p=0.001 and sensory motor CTS p=0.001. No significant relation between HgA1c categories and demyelinating pathology p=0.123 but significant with demyelinating axonal pathology p=0.017. Significant relation between HgA1c and Guyon canal syndrome p=0.001 and polyneuropathy p=0.001. No significance between HgA1c and cervical radiculopathy p=0321. Conclusions: High incidence of DM and pre-diabetes among patients with hand nerve entrapment: CTS, Guyon syndrome together with polyneuropathy. EN may be the earliest neurophysiological abnormalities in DM, particularly in the upper limbs, even in the absence of a generalized polyneuropathy, or it may be superimposed on a generalized diabetic neuropathy. Due to the metabolic alterations consequent to abnormal glucose metabolism, the peripheral nerves show both functional impairment and structural changes, even in the preclinical stage, making them more prone to entrapment in anatomically constrained channels.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90471913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.595
A. Weinberg
Good mental health should be free to all. However, the many factors that contribute to our daily and longer-term psychological well-being are rarely constant and where we need support finances are often a consideration, whether our own or those of the health services on offer. Furthermore, access to positive experiences of mental health is governed by a host of everyday and dispositional variables, over which we have limited control. This is certainly true of the workplace as elsewhere and the last decade has seen unprecedented progress in developing national strategies around the world to support mental health at work. However, in times of change and uncertainty, risks to psychological well-being increase and so this has proved during the waves of fear and loss during the COVID-19 pandemic, further fuelled by anxieties accompanying economic and political tensions and highlighted through inequalities, poverty and protest. This commentary considers the role of appropriate guidance for workplaces in relation to the mental health of employees, taking the UK as a case study example in times of economic and political challenge (e.g. Brexit) as well as the health emergency shared by all.
{"title":"Sustaining Good Mental Health in the Face of Health and Political Crisis","authors":"A. Weinberg","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.595","url":null,"abstract":"Good mental health should be free to all. However, the many factors that contribute to our daily and longer-term psychological well-being are rarely constant and where we need support finances are often a consideration, whether our own or those of the health services on offer. Furthermore, access to positive experiences of mental health is governed by a host of everyday and dispositional variables, over which we have limited control. This is certainly true of the workplace as elsewhere and the last decade has seen unprecedented progress in developing national strategies around the world to support mental health at work. However, in times of change and uncertainty, risks to psychological well-being increase and so this has proved during the waves of fear and loss during the COVID-19 pandemic, further fuelled by anxieties accompanying economic and political tensions and highlighted through inequalities, poverty and protest. This commentary considers the role of appropriate guidance for workplaces in relation to the mental health of employees, taking the UK as a case study example in times of economic and political challenge (e.g. Brexit) as well as the health emergency shared by all.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90882379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4236/IJCM.2021.123011
L. Ostapiuk, A. Voloshinovskii, V. Savchyn, Nataliia Tuziyk, Taras Маlui
{"title":"Current Problems of Diagnostics and Treatment of Purulent-Inflammatory Diseases and Sepsis in Medical Practice","authors":"L. Ostapiuk, A. Voloshinovskii, V. Savchyn, Nataliia Tuziyk, Taras Маlui","doi":"10.4236/IJCM.2021.123011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/IJCM.2021.123011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80748572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.583
Rucha Gadgil, Arwa Kotwal, Isha S. Akulwar
Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is identified as a neurobehavioral disorder characterizing inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and functional impairment. Motor impairments are rarely part of assessments and typically not treated in ADHD. The outcome measures used for motor impairments lack consensus, limiting a uniform approach to rehabilitation. Therefore, a review of the literature to underline and verify outcome measures for motor impairments in ADHD in the pediatric population is needed. Methodology: A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-Sr guidelines to assess and categorize outcome measures used for motor impairments in the pediatric ADHD population. Pubmed Central, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for publications between 2009-2019 that reported on Motor impairments in pediatric ADHD and mentioned related outcome measures. The data are presented using a ‘narrative review’ or descriptive analysis of the contextual or process-oriented data and simple quantitative analysis using descriptive statistics. Results: 22 studies were included: 4 randomized controlled trials, 11 observational studies, and 7 experimental studies. The outcome measures found in the studies showed a divided application with no uniformity in their use as a prognostic or diagnostic measure. Conclusion: This review highlights the lack of uniformity in the outcome measures used for motor impairments in pediatric ADHD.
{"title":"Outcome Measures for Motor impairments in Pediatric Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Scoping Review","authors":"Rucha Gadgil, Arwa Kotwal, Isha S. Akulwar","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.583","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is identified as a neurobehavioral disorder characterizing inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and functional impairment. Motor impairments are rarely part of assessments and typically not treated in ADHD. The outcome measures used for motor impairments lack consensus, limiting a uniform approach to rehabilitation. Therefore, a review of the literature to underline and verify outcome measures for motor impairments in ADHD in the pediatric population is needed. Methodology: A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-Sr guidelines to assess and categorize outcome measures used for motor impairments in the pediatric ADHD population. Pubmed Central, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for publications between 2009-2019 that reported on Motor impairments in pediatric ADHD and mentioned related outcome measures. The data are presented using a ‘narrative review’ or descriptive analysis of the contextual or process-oriented data and simple quantitative analysis using descriptive statistics. Results: 22 studies were included: 4 randomized controlled trials, 11 observational studies, and 7 experimental studies. The outcome measures found in the studies showed a divided application with no uniformity in their use as a prognostic or diagnostic measure. Conclusion: This review highlights the lack of uniformity in the outcome measures used for motor impairments in pediatric ADHD.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75689926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.S6.007
P. Bastola
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread quickly around the world, and WHO categorized it as a pandemic in March, 2020. In India more than one million people have been infected with corona virus disease till date. In this situation, the entire healthcare system and healthcare staff need to respond in a very short time to an exponential growth of the number of COVID-19 patients. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is transmitted from person to person by large droplets from infected person by coughing, sneezing or rhino-rhea. An approximate distance of 2 meters is needed to protect from these droplets. SARS-CoV-2 similar to the other corona virus family which remains on the surface of objects for variable periods of time (at least 24 hours on hard surfaces and up to 8 hours on soft surfaces). Healthy people may get infected with this virus through touching the mouth, nose, or eyes with a contaminated hand. Infected droplets which were created during a sneeze or cough persist in the air for about 3 hours. It also reaffirms Standard Precautions as the foundation for preventing transmission of infectious agents during patient care in all healthcare settings by compiling different guidelines/ recommendation of various organizations and institutions published recently.
{"title":"Safe Physiotherapy Practice During Covid-19 Pandemic-A Compilation of Guidelines and Recommendation from Different Organisation","authors":"P. Bastola","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.S6.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.S6.007","url":null,"abstract":"Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread quickly around the world, and WHO categorized it as a pandemic in March, 2020. In India more than one million people have been infected with corona virus disease till date. In this situation, the entire healthcare system and healthcare staff need to respond in a very short time to an exponential growth of the number of COVID-19 patients. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is transmitted from person to person by large droplets from infected person by coughing, sneezing or rhino-rhea. An approximate distance of 2 meters is needed to protect from these droplets. SARS-CoV-2 similar to the other corona virus family which remains on the surface of objects for variable periods of time (at least 24 hours on hard surfaces and up to 8 hours on soft surfaces). Healthy people may get infected with this virus through touching the mouth, nose, or eyes with a contaminated hand. Infected droplets which were created during a sneeze or cough persist in the air for about 3 hours. It also reaffirms Standard Precautions as the foundation for preventing transmission of infectious agents during patient care in all healthcare settings by compiling different guidelines/ recommendation of various organizations and institutions published recently.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72855442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.581
Gao Huang, M. Ceccarelli, Weimin Zhang, Qiang Huang
The BIT LExoChair wheelchair for motion assistance was designed as a solution with a modular design for user’s locomotion mobility with the aim of assisting autonomy, exercising, and rehabilitation, with activities in design, experimental validation, and implementation that are summarized in the main listed references [1-11], as referring to the patent files [1,2]. This mini-review is based on illustration from the references papers as summary of the work and results in developing the BIT LExoChair wheelchair towards practical market availability in a near-future.
BIT LExoChair运动辅助轮椅被设计为一种模块化设计的解决方案，旨在帮助用户的运动能力，运动和康复，其设计，实验验证和实施的活动在主要列出的参考文献[1-11]中进行了总结，参考了专利文件[1,2]。这篇小型综述是基于参考文献中的插图，总结了在不久的将来将BIT LExoChair轮椅推向实际市场的工作和结果。
{"title":"Design and Performance of BIT Lexochair, a Robotic Leg-Exoskeleton Assistive Wheelchair","authors":"Gao Huang, M. Ceccarelli, Weimin Zhang, Qiang Huang","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.581","url":null,"abstract":"The BIT LExoChair wheelchair for motion assistance was designed as a solution with a modular design for user’s locomotion mobility with the aim of assisting autonomy, exercising, and rehabilitation, with activities in design, experimental validation, and implementation that are summarized in the main listed references [1-11], as referring to the patent files [1,2]. This mini-review is based on illustration from the references papers as summary of the work and results in developing the BIT LExoChair wheelchair towards practical market availability in a near-future.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81327116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.S5.004
Naglaa A. Hussein, M. Bartels, Mark Thomas
Objective: Determine the relationship between frequency of steroid injections, duration between injections and diabetic status among shoulder impingement patients. Design: Retrospective. Setting: Outpatient. Participants: Charts of 412 patients presented with unilateral or bilateral shoulder pain diagnosed shoulder impingement syndrome and treated with steroid injections over a period of 01/2019-12/2020. Exclusion criteria: Those having manifestations suggesting of cervical radiculopathy, neuromuscular diseases, or shoulder trauma history. Interventions: Reviewing and collecting patient charts data; demographic data including occupation, body mass index, detailed medical history including DM history. Shoulder exam including impingement provocative tests; Hawkins test, Neer’s sign. Neck exam including Spurling test. Full neurological exam. Main outcome measures: Number of steroid injections received and duration between each injection over past 2 years. Laboratory results: Glycosylated hemoglobin (HgA1c), liver and kidney functions. MRI shoulder results if available. Results: Mean age 59.4 ± 11.123. All patients were right-handed, Male 37.1%, female 62.9%, Mean body mass index (BMI) 32.2 ± 8.2. Majority were manual workers (55.1%). significant relationship between shoulder impingement and sex and BMI. HgA1c <5.5 has the fewest patients (7.3%), highest number of patients with HgA1c 5.5-6.0. significant incidence of shoulder impingement with rising category of HgA1c with highest among HgA1c >7 (p=0.0001) with significant bilateral disease. Significant incidence of shoulder impingement (unilateral or bilateral among diabetics (HgA1c>6) compared to non- diabetics (p=0.011). Mean number of injections among diabetics 1.1756 ± 1.17283, non-diabetics 0.6391 ± 0.89051 (p=0.0001). No significant relation between DM and duration between injections (p=0.129). Conclusion: Steroid injection has proven efficacy in diabetic shoulder impingement patients. No studies discussed effect of DM on frequency of steroid injection. This study showed that presence of DM among shoulder impingement patients significantly increases the frequency of steroid injection but not affecting duration between injections.
{"title":"Is There Any Relationship between Frequency of Shoulder Impingement Steroid Injection and Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Naglaa A. Hussein, M. Bartels, Mark Thomas","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.S5.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.S5.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Determine the relationship between frequency of steroid injections, duration between injections and diabetic status among shoulder impingement patients. Design: Retrospective. Setting: Outpatient. Participants: Charts of 412 patients presented with unilateral or bilateral shoulder pain diagnosed shoulder impingement syndrome and treated with steroid injections over a period of 01/2019-12/2020. Exclusion criteria: Those having manifestations suggesting of cervical radiculopathy, neuromuscular diseases, or shoulder trauma history. Interventions: Reviewing and collecting patient charts data; demographic data including occupation, body mass index, detailed medical history including DM history. Shoulder exam including impingement provocative tests; Hawkins test, Neer’s sign. Neck exam including Spurling test. Full neurological exam. Main outcome measures: Number of steroid injections received and duration between each injection over past 2 years. Laboratory results: Glycosylated hemoglobin (HgA1c), liver and kidney functions. MRI shoulder results if available. Results: Mean age 59.4 ± 11.123. All patients were right-handed, Male 37.1%, female 62.9%, Mean body mass index (BMI) 32.2 ± 8.2. Majority were manual workers (55.1%). significant relationship between shoulder impingement and sex and BMI. HgA1c <5.5 has the fewest patients (7.3%), highest number of patients with HgA1c 5.5-6.0. significant incidence of shoulder impingement with rising category of HgA1c with highest among HgA1c >7 (p=0.0001) with significant bilateral disease. Significant incidence of shoulder impingement (unilateral or bilateral among diabetics (HgA1c>6) compared to non- diabetics (p=0.011). Mean number of injections among diabetics 1.1756 ± 1.17283, non-diabetics 0.6391 ± 0.89051 (p=0.0001). No significant relation between DM and duration between injections (p=0.129). Conclusion: Steroid injection has proven efficacy in diabetic shoulder impingement patients. No studies discussed effect of DM on frequency of steroid injection. This study showed that presence of DM among shoulder impingement patients significantly increases the frequency of steroid injection but not affecting duration between injections.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89223978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.606
Craig H Lichtblau
Cerebral palsy patients and their families need to predict patients’ length of survival for emotional, medical, and financial planning reasons. Providing these estimations is wrought with challenges, some of which are specific to the significant variations in survival that are observed amongst this group of patients. The statistical models that are used to assess life expectancy are plagued by mathematical limitations, faulty assumptions, and the exclusion of factors that are critical to prognosis. In this commentary, we provide evidence that the medical community generally underestimates life expectancy in cerebral palsy. With medical innovations extending lives, some of the literature on life expectancy is outdated, but old data does not explain the extent of the discrepancies we see between what we observe in our communities and what is espoused in the literature. Herein, we offer potential explanations for these discrepancies and call on the medical community to improve predictions of survival in cerebral palsy patients so that they can get the care they need. The harms and dangers of biased life expectancy data cannot be overstated, and cerebral palsy patients are consistently living longer than the current literature would suggest. We demonstrate here why life expectancy models underestimate cerebral palsy survival in the community.
{"title":"Cerebral Palsy Life Expectancy: Discrepancies between Literature and Community Data","authors":"Craig H Lichtblau","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.606","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral palsy patients and their families need to predict patients’ length of survival for emotional, medical, and financial planning reasons. Providing these estimations is wrought with challenges, some of which are specific to the significant variations in survival that are observed amongst this group of patients. The statistical models that are used to assess life expectancy are plagued by mathematical limitations, faulty assumptions, and the exclusion of factors that are critical to prognosis. In this commentary, we provide evidence that the medical community generally underestimates life expectancy in cerebral palsy. With medical innovations extending lives, some of the literature on life expectancy is outdated, but old data does not explain the extent of the discrepancies we see between what we observe in our communities and what is espoused in the literature. Herein, we offer potential explanations for these discrepancies and call on the medical community to improve predictions of survival in cerebral palsy patients so that they can get the care they need. The harms and dangers of biased life expectancy data cannot be overstated, and cerebral palsy patients are consistently living longer than the current literature would suggest. We demonstrate here why life expectancy models underestimate cerebral palsy survival in the community.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89841766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.584
Naglaa A. Hussein
{"title":"Pain Mechanisms in Spinal Nerve Root Entrapment","authors":"Naglaa A. Hussein","doi":"10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.584","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88439600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.9.605
Naglaa A. Hussein, M. Bartels, Mark G. Thomas, David Z. Prince
Objective: Measure the incidence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) among patients with shoulder impingement syndrome and the factors that can modify that disease. Design: Prospective. Settings: Outpatient. Participants: 412 patients presented with unilateral or bilateral shoulder pain suspecting shoulder impingement neuromuscular diseases, or syndrome. Exclusion criteria: Those having manifestations suggesting of cervical radiculopathy, shoulder trauma history. Interventions: Each patient was subjected to the following; demographic data including occupation, body mass index, detailed medical history including DM history. Shoulder exam including impingement provocative tests; Hawkin test, Neer’s sign. Neck exam including Spurling test. Full neurological exam. Main outcome measures: Laboratory testing including glycosylated hemoglobin (HgA1c), liver and kidney functions. Shoulder MRI if possible. Results: Mean age 59.4 ± 11.123. All patients were right-handed, Male 37.1%, female 62.9%, Mean body mass index (BMI) 32.2 ± 8.2. Majority were manual workers (55.1%). No significant relationship between shoulder impingement sex but significant with BMI and age. HgA1c <5.5 has the fewest patients (7.3%), highest number of patients with HgA1c 5.5-6.0. significant incidence of shoulder impingement with rising category of HgA1c with highest among Hga1c >7 (p=0.0001) with significant bilateral disease. Significant incidence of shoulder impingement (unilateral or bilateral among diabetics (HgA1c >6) compared to non- diabetics (p=0.011). Conclusions: High incidence of DM /prediabetes among shoulder impingement patients. Level of HgA1c significantly proportionate to incidence and laterality. This suggests that it is part of musculoskeletal complication of DM. that can evidently occur with prediabetes status. Body mass index and age significantly affected the incidence but not the sex.
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