Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240824
S. K. Singha, M. S. Emran, Sharadindu K. Sinha, Sunia Sinha, Kamal U. Ahmed, Dihan Tahite
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development involves various interrelated risk factors, including age, gender, obesity, and inactivity. However, research lacks insights into the risk factors within the minor ethnic Bishnupriya Manipuri community in Bangladesh. This study aimed to identify T2DM risk factors within this community. Methods: This survey-based prospective observational study was conducted in different villages of Kamalgonj Upazila under the Moulvibazar district in Bangladesh from March 2023 to June 2023 enrolled 280 individuals using purposive sampling. Data collection involved a questionnaire, verbal agreement, and diagnostic documentation. Analysis utilized Microsoft Office and the student’s t-test. Results: Participants exhibited a 1:1.2 male-female ratio, with 64% aged 36-65. 43% were housewives, 55% engaged in moderate work, 15% smoked, and 41% had a family history of diabetes. Diabetic cases accounted for 39%, with an average age of 57.39±11.99 years, significantly higher than non-diabetic cases (46.79±17.93 years). Diabetic cases also showed significantly higher waist circumference (94.11±6.63 cm versus 84.71±14.76 cm) and body mass index (BMI) (26.12±7.61 kg/m2 versus 21.44±6.97 kg/m2). Conclusions: T2DM predominantly affects older individuals in the Bishnupriya Manipuri community. Increased waist circumference, overweight, and obesity emerged as significant risk factors for T2DM within this population.
{"title":"Screening the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in minor ethnic Bishnupriya Manipuri community in Bangladesh","authors":"S. K. Singha, M. S. Emran, Sharadindu K. Sinha, Sunia Sinha, Kamal U. Ahmed, Dihan Tahite","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240824","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development involves various interrelated risk factors, including age, gender, obesity, and inactivity. However, research lacks insights into the risk factors within the minor ethnic Bishnupriya Manipuri community in Bangladesh. This study aimed to identify T2DM risk factors within this community.\u0000Methods: This survey-based prospective observational study was conducted in different villages of Kamalgonj Upazila under the Moulvibazar district in Bangladesh from March 2023 to June 2023 enrolled 280 individuals using purposive sampling. Data collection involved a questionnaire, verbal agreement, and diagnostic documentation. Analysis utilized Microsoft Office and the student’s t-test.\u0000Results: Participants exhibited a 1:1.2 male-female ratio, with 64% aged 36-65. 43% were housewives, 55% engaged in moderate work, 15% smoked, and 41% had a family history of diabetes. Diabetic cases accounted for 39%, with an average age of 57.39±11.99 years, significantly higher than non-diabetic cases (46.79±17.93 years). Diabetic cases also showed significantly higher waist circumference (94.11±6.63 cm versus 84.71±14.76 cm) and body mass index (BMI) (26.12±7.61 kg/m2 versus 21.44±6.97 kg/m2).\u0000Conclusions: T2DM predominantly affects older individuals in the Bishnupriya Manipuri community. Increased waist circumference, overweight, and obesity emerged as significant risk factors for T2DM within this population.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"74 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240845
Kapil Surve, M. N. Khaparkhuntikar, Nazneen S. Siddiqui, J. Iravane
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most frequent opportunistic microorganisms causing infections in cancer patients. The aim of the study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates in cancer patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from January 2022 to December 2022 at Government Cancer Hospital, Aurangabad. A total of 143 pus samples were collected from both IPD and OPD patients. Pus samples were collected as per standard procedure and were inoculated on blood and MacConkey agar. The isolates were identified by standard protocols using biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of each isolate was checked as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines 2022 using Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method and VITEK 2 Automation. Data analysis was done by statical method with statistical software SPSS version 22. Results: Out of 143 clinical samples 33 samples (23%) were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth. mean age of patients was 50 years old out of 33 isolates 12 (36%) isolates were multidrug-resistant, 11 (33%) isolates were extensively drug-resistant and 1 (3%) were pan-drug-resistant. The majority of isolates were responsive to polymyxin B 32 (96%) and colistin 32 (96%); However, the resistance to gentamycin, ceftazidime, and amikacin was higher, at 66%, 60%, and 57%, respectively. Conclusions: This hospital-based retrospective study will help to implement better infection control strategies and improve the knowledge of antibiotic resistance patterns among clinicians. Thus, there is a need for an antibiotic stewardship program to monitor the resistant pattern in a tertiary care cancer hospital.
{"title":"Antibiotic resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from pus samples at tertiary care cancer hospital","authors":"Kapil Surve, M. N. Khaparkhuntikar, Nazneen S. Siddiqui, J. Iravane","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240845","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most frequent opportunistic microorganisms causing infections in cancer patients. The aim of the study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates in cancer patients.\u0000Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from January 2022 to December 2022 at Government Cancer Hospital, Aurangabad. A total of 143 pus samples were collected from both IPD and OPD patients. Pus samples were collected as per standard procedure and were inoculated on blood and MacConkey agar. The isolates were identified by standard protocols using biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of each isolate was checked as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines 2022 using Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method and VITEK 2 Automation. Data analysis was done by statical method with statistical software SPSS version 22.\u0000Results: Out of 143 clinical samples 33 samples (23%) were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth. mean age of patients was 50 years old out of 33 isolates 12 (36%) isolates were multidrug-resistant, 11 (33%) isolates were extensively drug-resistant and 1 (3%) were pan-drug-resistant. The majority of isolates were responsive to polymyxin B 32 (96%) and colistin 32 (96%); However, the resistance to gentamycin, ceftazidime, and amikacin was higher, at 66%, 60%, and 57%, respectively. \u0000Conclusions: This hospital-based retrospective study will help to implement better infection control strategies and improve the knowledge of antibiotic resistance patterns among clinicians. Thus, there is a need for an antibiotic stewardship program to monitor the resistant pattern in a tertiary care cancer hospital.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"57 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240870
R. R. K, Surabhi K. S., F. S. H., T. D. R., Robin George
Congenital insensitivity to pain is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the inability to perceive physical pain. Individuals with CIP lack the typical nociceptive responses to harmful stimuli, which poses significant challenges to their safety and well-being. This condition is often caused by genetic mutations affecting the nervous system's ability to transmit pain signals. Despite the apparent advantage of not experiencing pain, CIP presents severe risks as affected individuals may unknowingly sustain injuries or develop medical complications without timely intervention. The absence of pain perception hinders the learning of protective behaviour and responses to potentially harmful situations, making daily activities fraught with danger. Understanding the genetic basis of CIP has provided valuable insights into pain perception and the functioning of nociceptive pathways. While this knowledge may pave the way for potential therapeutic interventions, managing CIP remains a complex task. This article provides an overview of CIPA, its genetic basis, clinical manifestations, complications, treatment and the challenges associated with managing this complex condition. A multidisciplinary approach involving genetic counselling, pain management, and specialized care is crucial to support individuals with CIPA and improve their overall well-being.
{"title":"Roots and fates of congenital insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis: a human phenotype","authors":"R. R. K, Surabhi K. S., F. S. H., T. D. R., Robin George","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240870","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital insensitivity to pain is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the inability to perceive physical pain. Individuals with CIP lack the typical nociceptive responses to harmful stimuli, which poses significant challenges to their safety and well-being. This condition is often caused by genetic mutations affecting the nervous system's ability to transmit pain signals. Despite the apparent advantage of not experiencing pain, CIP presents severe risks as affected individuals may unknowingly sustain injuries or develop medical complications without timely intervention. The absence of pain perception hinders the learning of protective behaviour and responses to potentially harmful situations, making daily activities fraught with danger. Understanding the genetic basis of CIP has provided valuable insights into pain perception and the functioning of nociceptive pathways. While this knowledge may pave the way for potential therapeutic interventions, managing CIP remains a complex task. This article provides an overview of CIPA, its genetic basis, clinical manifestations, complications, treatment and the challenges associated with managing this complex condition. A multidisciplinary approach involving genetic counselling, pain management, and specialized care is crucial to support individuals with CIPA and improve their overall well-being.\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"37 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240835
M. Poovathingal, P. Gilvaz, Fiju Chacko, Neena Baby
Background: Bell’s palsy is considered as the most frequent cranial neuropathy. Early and adequate risk stratification may help both the patients and the treating physicians in taking informed decisions regarding treatment and understanding their outcomes. We aimed to formulate accessible and sensitive methods of risk stratification in Bell’s palsy by utilizing electrophysiological and hematological parameters. Methods: We prospectively followed up 101 patients with Bell’s palsy over a period of 18 months. Electrophysiological parameters were measured thrice i.e., on the first evaluation and after the first week and first month. The N/L, P/L ratio, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were documented in steroid naïve cases. Patients were graded in severity based on the Sunnybrook and House Brackmann systems. Results: The mean SB and HB grades at admission were 53.89±24.725 and 3.92±1.04 indicating moderate severity. The mean N/L, P/L ratios and ESR on the first day was 3.46±3.45, 145.42±162.84 and 22.51±21.105 respectively. There was no statistical correlation with severity at any time point. The mean CMAP indices on the 1st day, 1st week and 1st month were 0.585±0.31,0.43±0.26 and 0.45±0.23 respectively. The CMAP index at 1 month was correlating with severity. Blink amplitude ratios were correlating with the HB scores at 1 week and 1 month (p<0.0001 both) and the SB score at 1 month (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Hematological parameters were not correlated to disease severity. However, electrophysiological parameters are correlated to disease severity at one week and one month. Blink amplitude ratio may be a useful indicator for risk stratification of Bell’s palsy patients.
{"title":"Prognostication of Bell’s palsy: a new perspective","authors":"M. Poovathingal, P. Gilvaz, Fiju Chacko, Neena Baby","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240835","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bell’s palsy is considered as the most frequent cranial neuropathy. Early and adequate risk stratification may help both the patients and the treating physicians in taking informed decisions regarding treatment and understanding their outcomes. We aimed to formulate accessible and sensitive methods of risk stratification in Bell’s palsy by utilizing electrophysiological and hematological parameters.\u0000Methods: We prospectively followed up 101 patients with Bell’s palsy over a period of 18 months. Electrophysiological parameters were measured thrice i.e., on the first evaluation and after the first week and first month. The N/L, P/L ratio, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were documented in steroid naïve cases. Patients were graded in severity based on the Sunnybrook and House Brackmann systems.\u0000Results: The mean SB and HB grades at admission were 53.89±24.725 and 3.92±1.04 indicating moderate severity. The mean N/L, P/L ratios and ESR on the first day was 3.46±3.45, 145.42±162.84 and 22.51±21.105 respectively. There was no statistical correlation with severity at any time point. The mean CMAP indices on the 1st day, 1st week and 1st month were 0.585±0.31,0.43±0.26 and 0.45±0.23 respectively. The CMAP index at 1 month was correlating with severity. Blink amplitude ratios were correlating with the HB scores at 1 week and 1 month (p<0.0001 both) and the SB score at 1 month (p<0.0001).\u0000Conclusions: Hematological parameters were not correlated to disease severity. However, electrophysiological parameters are correlated to disease severity at one week and one month. Blink amplitude ratio may be a useful indicator for risk stratification of Bell’s palsy patients.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"35 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240848
Yashfeen M., Mugundhan K.
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy that is acute, typically severe, and fulminant. GBS has an incidence of 0.81-1.89 (median 1.11) per 100,000 person-years, and men are slightly more susceptible to GBS than females. 70% of individuals acquire this acute flaccid paralysis condition within 1-4 weeks following a respiratory infection or diarrhoea (especially Campylobacter jejuni). There are several identified subtypes of GBS, with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) being the most prevalent. Additionally, there are two "axonal" subtypes: acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) and acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN), both of which are clinically severe. The clinical trial of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia characterizes a different subtype called Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) linked to anti-GQ1b antibodies. The patient's medical history, along with neurological, electrophysiological, and cerebrospinal fluid tests, are used to diagnose GBS. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and plasma exchange are effective treatments; however, newer approaches are required because 25% of patients eventually need mechanical ventilation, 20% are unable to walk, and 2-5% of patients may experience relapses.
{"title":"Clinical spectrum and treatment outcomes in variants of Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case series","authors":"Yashfeen M., Mugundhan K.","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240848","url":null,"abstract":"Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy that is acute, typically severe, and fulminant. GBS has an incidence of 0.81-1.89 (median 1.11) per 100,000 person-years, and men are slightly more susceptible to GBS than females. 70% of individuals acquire this acute flaccid paralysis condition within 1-4 weeks following a respiratory infection or diarrhoea (especially Campylobacter jejuni). There are several identified subtypes of GBS, with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) being the most prevalent. Additionally, there are two \"axonal\" subtypes: acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) and acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN), both of which are clinically severe. The clinical trial of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia characterizes a different subtype called Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) linked to anti-GQ1b antibodies. The patient's medical history, along with neurological, electrophysiological, and cerebrospinal fluid tests, are used to diagnose GBS. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and plasma exchange are effective treatments; however, newer approaches are required because 25% of patients eventually need mechanical ventilation, 20% are unable to walk, and 2-5% of patients may experience relapses.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240833
Ruhul Amin, Shorifa Shahzadi, Nasir U. Ahmed, Mahadi A. Rouf, Shahriar Masood
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by challenges in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. The association between lipid profiles, particularly total cholesterol and triglycerides, and ASD in children is a growing focus in pediatric health research. This study aimed to assess the total cholesterol and triglycerides status in autistic spectrum disorder children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from March 2014 to January 2015 with 100 male children, half in a healthy control group (group A) and the other half diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (group B). Results: In this study, no significant correlation was found between the groups for age (p=0.94) or BMI (p=0.29). The mean (±SE) serum total cholesterol levels were 146±1.70 mg/dl in group A and 145.00±3.77 mg/dl in group B, showing no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.885). But, the mean (±SE) serum triglyceride levels were 86.14±3.28 mg/dl in group A and 107.74±7.91 mg/dl in group B, with significantly higher levels compared to group A (p<0.01). Conclusions: Although there is no significant difference in serum total cholesterol levels between healthy children and those with autistic spectrum disorder, there is a significant difference in serum triglyceride levels. Therefore, further studies are needed to provide a clearer understanding of the lipid profile comparison.
{"title":"Total cholesterol and triglycerides status in autistic spectrum disorder children: a case-control study on Bangladeshi children","authors":"Ruhul Amin, Shorifa Shahzadi, Nasir U. Ahmed, Mahadi A. Rouf, Shahriar Masood","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240833","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by challenges in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. The association between lipid profiles, particularly total cholesterol and triglycerides, and ASD in children is a growing focus in pediatric health research. This study aimed to assess the total cholesterol and triglycerides status in autistic spectrum disorder children.\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from March 2014 to January 2015 with 100 male children, half in a healthy control group (group A) and the other half diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (group B).\u0000Results: In this study, no significant correlation was found between the groups for age (p=0.94) or BMI (p=0.29). The mean (±SE) serum total cholesterol levels were 146±1.70 mg/dl in group A and 145.00±3.77 mg/dl in group B, showing no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.885). But, the mean (±SE) serum triglyceride levels were 86.14±3.28 mg/dl in group A and 107.74±7.91 mg/dl in group B, with significantly higher levels compared to group A (p<0.01).\u0000Conclusions: Although there is no significant difference in serum total cholesterol levels between healthy children and those with autistic spectrum disorder, there is a significant difference in serum triglyceride levels. Therefore, further studies are needed to provide a clearer understanding of the lipid profile comparison.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240830
Sabikun Naher Urmy, Afroja Alam, S. N. Sharmin, M. N. Aktar, Rahat Noor, Rakiba Sultana, M. Shaidur Rahman, K. S. Haque
Background: Empirical evidence indicates that anxiety and depression in cancer patients are often overlooked, leading to insufficient assistance for their psychosocial needs. Distinguishing between clinical anxiety and depression and the typical emotional distress post-cancer diagnosis can be challenging but holds significant implications for coping strategies and outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess current physical symptoms and psychological sufferings of patients’ during attending in a Palliative care department of a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted among 191 patients with cancer attending the department of palliative medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from November 2021 and March 2022. Data was collected by face‐to‐face interview using a structured questionnaire. Depression and anxiety were evaluated using a modified version of the primary care evaluation of mental disorders guide. Results: 47 participants (20.7% prevalence of depressive disorders and 13.9% prevalence of anxiety disorders) met the diagnostic criteria for at least one anxiety or depressive disorder, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. The 95% confidence interval for these results was between 20.2 and 29.0. Conclusions: In summary, depression and anxiety disorders are prevalent among patients in palliative care, significantly reducing the quality of life for those facing cancer-related mortality.
{"title":"Evaluation of current physical symptoms and psychological sufferings of patients during attending department of palliative medicine in a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Sabikun Naher Urmy, Afroja Alam, S. N. Sharmin, M. N. Aktar, Rahat Noor, Rakiba Sultana, M. Shaidur Rahman, K. S. Haque","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240830","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Empirical evidence indicates that anxiety and depression in cancer patients are often overlooked, leading to insufficient assistance for their psychosocial needs. Distinguishing between clinical anxiety and depression and the typical emotional distress post-cancer diagnosis can be challenging but holds significant implications for coping strategies and outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess current physical symptoms and psychological sufferings of patients’ during attending in a Palliative care department of a tertiary care hospital.\u0000Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted among 191 patients with cancer attending the department of palliative medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from November 2021 and March 2022. Data was collected by face‐to‐face interview using a structured questionnaire. Depression and anxiety were evaluated using a modified version of the primary care evaluation of mental disorders guide.\u0000Results: 47 participants (20.7% prevalence of depressive disorders and 13.9% prevalence of anxiety disorders) met the diagnostic criteria for at least one anxiety or depressive disorder, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. The 95% confidence interval for these results was between 20.2 and 29.0.\u0000Conclusions: In summary, depression and anxiety disorders are prevalent among patients in palliative care, significantly reducing the quality of life for those facing cancer-related mortality.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"9 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240827
Sumanta Kumer Saha, Tamanna Tabassum Moni, M. Rezaul Kadir
Background: Hypertension is a common disease that affects a vast and diverse patient group. Aldosterone, the primary human mineralocorticoid, is increasingly recognized as playing a key role in cardiovascular morbidity, and its involvement in hypertension has lately been evaluated by studies. It is estimated that it accounts for up to 13% of all hypertension patients and 20% of resistant hypertension cases. This study aimed to observe the patterns of aldosterone, renin level, and aldosterone/ renin ratio in young hypertensive patients. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study and was conducted in the Department of Medicine Popular Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from June, 2023 to December, 2023. In our study, we included 124 hypertensive patients who visited the outdoor department of medicine of our hospital. Results: In our study, we found mean age was 33.38±4.49 years. The majority (75%) of our patients were male. The mean SBP and DBP were 136.77±17.54 and 88.58±10.72 mmHg respectively. The mean aldosterone level was 148.74±125.91 pmol/L. The mean plasma renin activity and aldosterone to renin ratio were 10.03±12.04 ng/mL/hr and 22.98±28.66 respectively. Conclusions: In our study, we aimed to determine the pattern of ARR ratio in young hypertensive patients. We found that aldosterone renin ratio (ARR) levels play a crucial role in identifying the etiological patterns of young hypertensive patients e.g. Conn's syndrome, Liddle's syndrome, etc.
{"title":"Patterns of aldosterone, renin level and aldosterone/renin ratio in young hypertensive patients","authors":"Sumanta Kumer Saha, Tamanna Tabassum Moni, M. Rezaul Kadir","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240827","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypertension is a common disease that affects a vast and diverse patient group. Aldosterone, the primary human mineralocorticoid, is increasingly recognized as playing a key role in cardiovascular morbidity, and its involvement in hypertension has lately been evaluated by studies. It is estimated that it accounts for up to 13% of all hypertension patients and 20% of resistant hypertension cases. This study aimed to observe the patterns of aldosterone, renin level, and aldosterone/ renin ratio in young hypertensive patients.\u0000Methods: This was a retrospective observational study and was conducted in the Department of Medicine Popular Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from June, 2023 to December, 2023. In our study, we included 124 hypertensive patients who visited the outdoor department of medicine of our hospital.\u0000Results: In our study, we found mean age was 33.38±4.49 years. The majority (75%) of our patients were male. The mean SBP and DBP were 136.77±17.54 and 88.58±10.72 mmHg respectively. The mean aldosterone level was 148.74±125.91 pmol/L. The mean plasma renin activity and aldosterone to renin ratio were 10.03±12.04 ng/mL/hr and 22.98±28.66 respectively.\u0000Conclusions: In our study, we aimed to determine the pattern of ARR ratio in young hypertensive patients. We found that aldosterone renin ratio (ARR) levels play a crucial role in identifying the etiological patterns of young hypertensive patients e.g. Conn's syndrome, Liddle's syndrome, etc.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240866
Mukesh Gupta, Brajbala Tiwari
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by overgrowth of opportunistic bacteria and a decrease in the levels of Lactobacilli. BV is commonly encountered by gynaecologists practicing in India. The opinions of 21 gynaecologists across India regarding diagnosis and management of BV were sought via focussed group discussions. In Indian women, BV is more common in the reproductive age group, perimenopausal women, women with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), pregnant women, and in teenagers/pubertal age group. BV is often underestimated as it is not diagnosed by family physicians. The panel of experts opined that they preferred to conduct screening for BV in all high-risk pregnant cases, women with bad obstetric history such as premature abortions and women with a history of tuberculosis. One challenge faced by clinicians in the real-world setting is recurrent infections of BV in their patients. For the treatment of BV, antibiotics can be prescribed along with pre-probiotics to avoid dysbiosis and to prevent recurrence of BV. Pre-probiotics should be administered in sufficient amounts for adequate management of BV. More than 80% of Lactobacilli species should be present in an ideal pre-probiotic to ensure adequate production of acid and bacteriocins for the destruction of unhealthy bacteria and prevention of microfilm formation. The results with the pre-probiotics used will depend on the quality of the formulation and the maintenance of the cold chain. Prebiotic -probiotic supplementation may be considered a new adjuvant treatment for BV.
{"title":"Bacterial vaginosis and the role of prebiotics and probiotics: current practices","authors":"Mukesh Gupta, Brajbala Tiwari","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240866","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by overgrowth of opportunistic bacteria and a decrease in the levels of Lactobacilli. BV is commonly encountered by gynaecologists practicing in India. The opinions of 21 gynaecologists across India regarding diagnosis and management of BV were sought via focussed group discussions. In Indian women, BV is more common in the reproductive age group, perimenopausal women, women with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), pregnant women, and in teenagers/pubertal age group. BV is often underestimated as it is not diagnosed by family physicians. The panel of experts opined that they preferred to conduct screening for BV in all high-risk pregnant cases, women with bad obstetric history such as premature abortions and women with a history of tuberculosis. One challenge faced by clinicians in the real-world setting is recurrent infections of BV in their patients. For the treatment of BV, antibiotics can be prescribed along with pre-probiotics to avoid dysbiosis and to prevent recurrence of BV. Pre-probiotics should be administered in sufficient amounts for adequate management of BV. More than 80% of Lactobacilli species should be present in an ideal pre-probiotic to ensure adequate production of acid and bacteriocins for the destruction of unhealthy bacteria and prevention of microfilm formation. The results with the pre-probiotics used will depend on the quality of the formulation and the maintenance of the cold chain. Prebiotic -probiotic supplementation may be considered a new adjuvant treatment for BV.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"57 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening disease of skin and mucous membrane that are mostly caused by drugs. Many studies have focussed on treatment that modify immunologic responses like corticosteroid, IVIG, cyclosporine, biologics like TNF-α inhibitors etanercept, infliximab etc. But there are few studies available on using two immunomodifier drugs simultaneously. However, no standardized treatment protocol has been established for SJS/TEN patients. We present a case-series of 10 SJS-TEN patients treated with both systemic corticosteroid and cyclosporine. We provide a review of literature on individual systemic corticosteroid, cyclosporine and also simultaneous use of both agents for SJS/TEN, including various outcome measures-stabilization, mortality rate, hospital length of stay and comparison to other systemic agents.
{"title":"Combination therapy in the treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis: a case series and review of literature","authors":"Soumi Biswas, Arun Achar, Chinmay Bera, Adityendu Chakraborty, Mahasweta Ghosh, Monika Kumari","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240849","url":null,"abstract":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening disease of skin and mucous membrane that are mostly caused by drugs. Many studies have focussed on treatment that modify immunologic responses like corticosteroid, IVIG, cyclosporine, biologics like TNF-α inhibitors etanercept, infliximab etc. But there are few studies available on using two immunomodifier drugs simultaneously. However, no standardized treatment protocol has been established for SJS/TEN patients. We present a case-series of 10 SJS-TEN patients treated with both systemic corticosteroid and cyclosporine. We provide a review of literature on individual systemic corticosteroid, cyclosporine and also simultaneous use of both agents for SJS/TEN, including various outcome measures-stabilization, mortality rate, hospital length of stay and comparison to other systemic agents.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"21 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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