Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(4).3071-3082
A. Ojha, Yashika Sharma
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(4).3071-3082 ABSTRACT:Delivering the drug molecule through conventional ways of drug delivery has been a challenging task for the researchers since years. Many novel technologies and system have been developed to overcome this limitation. Vesicular carriers such as niosomes, liposomes, aquasomes, phytosomes, etc. have been developed as one of the novel ways for the delivery of drug molecules effectively. They provide various advantages such as increased bioavailability, increased pharmacological activity, decreased toxicity, enhancement of stability, sustained delivery, and protection from physical and chemical degradation that occurs inside the body over conventional delivering systems. These vesicular systems can be lipidic or nonlipidic. The composition of niosomes involves nonionic surfactantslipids and liposome involves phospholipids (natural and synthetic). This review article describes the study of the four vesicular carriers namely niosomes, liposomes, aquasomes and phytosomes and their various aspects such as their definition, types, methods of preparation, advantages, disadvantages, evaluation and characterization. Such different systems are widely used in gene delivery, tumor targeting to brain, oral formulations, in stability and permeability problems of drugs.
{"title":"Different approaches for delivering the drug through vesicular carriers","authors":"A. Ojha, Yashika Sharma","doi":"10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(4).3071-3082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(4).3071-3082","url":null,"abstract":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(4).3071-3082 ABSTRACT:Delivering the drug molecule through conventional ways of drug delivery has been a challenging task for the researchers since years. Many novel technologies and system have been developed to overcome this limitation. Vesicular carriers such as niosomes, liposomes, aquasomes, phytosomes, etc. have been developed as one of the novel ways for the delivery of drug molecules effectively. They provide various advantages such as increased bioavailability, increased pharmacological activity, decreased toxicity, enhancement of stability, sustained delivery, and protection from physical and chemical degradation that occurs inside the body over conventional delivering systems. These vesicular systems can be lipidic or nonlipidic. The composition of niosomes involves nonionic surfactantslipids and liposome involves phospholipids (natural and synthetic). This review article describes the study of the four vesicular carriers namely niosomes, liposomes, aquasomes and phytosomes and their various aspects such as their definition, types, methods of preparation, advantages, disadvantages, evaluation and characterization. Such different systems are widely used in gene delivery, tumor targeting to brain, oral formulations, in stability and permeability problems of drugs.","PeriodicalId":14211,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77908068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(4).3060-3070
Vijeta Dhote, P. Jain, V. Jain
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(4).3060-3070 ABSTRACT:Two simple, accurate, sensitive and precise reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatographic and U.V. assay method for estimation of Midodrine hydrochloride (MD) was developed in tablet formulation. The chromatographic separation was performed on Thermo C18, (250 mm X 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column. The mobile phase consists of water: acetonitrile (30:70 v/v) pH adjust 3.5 with TEA was delivered at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and UV detection at 272 nm. The retention time of the drug was found to be 3.89 min. The developed method was found to be linear in a concentration range of 5-25μg/ml of the drug (r2= 0.999). The low value of % RSD indicates reproducibility of the methods. The low value of LOD and LOQ suggests the sensitivity of the method. Thus, this method can be used for routine analysis of Midodrine hydrochloride formulation and to check the stability of bulk samples.
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(4).3060-3070摘要:建立了两种简便、准确、灵敏、精确的反相高效液相色谱法和紫外分光光度法测定盐酸米多德林(MD)片剂含量的方法。色谱柱为Thermo C18 (250 mm X 4.6 mm, 5 μm)。流动相为水:乙腈(30:70 v/v)， pH调为3.5，以TEA为溶剂，流速1.0 ml/min，紫外检测波长272 nm。该方法在5 ~ 25μg/ml的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系(r2= 0.999)。% RSD值较低表明该方法具有重复性。定量限和定量限均较低，表明该方法的灵敏度较高。该方法可用于盐酸米多德林制剂的常规分析和原料药的稳定性检验。
{"title":"A new analytical method development and validation for the estimation of Midodrine HCl by UV and HPLC","authors":"Vijeta Dhote, P. Jain, V. Jain","doi":"10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(4).3060-3070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(4).3060-3070","url":null,"abstract":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(4).3060-3070 ABSTRACT:Two simple, accurate, sensitive and precise reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatographic and U.V. assay method for estimation of Midodrine hydrochloride (MD) was developed in tablet formulation. The chromatographic separation was performed on Thermo C18, (250 mm X 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column. The mobile phase consists of water: acetonitrile (30:70 v/v) pH adjust 3.5 with TEA was delivered at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and UV detection at 272 nm. The retention time of the drug was found to be 3.89 min. The developed method was found to be linear in a concentration range of 5-25μg/ml of the drug (r2= 0.999). The low value of % RSD indicates reproducibility of the methods. The low value of LOD and LOQ suggests the sensitivity of the method. Thus, this method can be used for routine analysis of Midodrine hydrochloride formulation and to check the stability of bulk samples.","PeriodicalId":14211,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80067525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(4).3034-3038
Chandrashekhar Bhagvatrao Helaskar, S. R. Kulkarni
{"title":"Analytical method development and validation for Aluminium","authors":"Chandrashekhar Bhagvatrao Helaskar, S. R. Kulkarni","doi":"10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(4).3034-3038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(4).3034-3038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14211,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88814858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2995-2998
D. Sandhu, Veenu Gupta, D. Chhina, M. Munjal
{"title":"Clinico-microbiological profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis media in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"D. Sandhu, Veenu Gupta, D. Chhina, M. Munjal","doi":"10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2995-2998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2995-2998","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14211,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84573298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2999-3005
R. Chandrasekar, K. Priyanka, K. Sakhira, K. Sreeprada, K. Harshitha, B. Haripriya, M. Babu
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(3).2999-3005 ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to formulate and evaluate the stability of polyherbal cream based on natural products namely, Carica papaya leaf, Psidium guajava leaf, Vitis vinifera seed applied as natural preservatives. Carica papaya leaf and Psidium guajava leaves were shade dried and size reduced into coarse powder and then the powdered leaf material was stored in containers. They were extracted using ethanol and the extract was stored in refrigerator. A polyherbal O/W skin care cream was formulated using PLEE & GLEE and GSE. The formulated cream was evaluated for it pH, Viscosity, Dye test, Homogeneity, appearance, after feel, type of smear, Removal, Acid value, Saponification value, Irritancy test, Accelerated stability testing, UV spectrophotometric analysis, centrifuge test. Stability of the formulation was achieved for 2 weeks. The formulation also evaluated for its resistance and activity against a variety of microorganisms. The microbiological stability of the formulations was evaluated through agar diffusion assays using cultures of Escherichia coli, Bacteria and Yeast. The pH of cream formulations was found in range of 5.9 to 6.9. The cosmetic formulation prepared presented a pH value that seems adequate for topical application, which is frequently observed in cosmetic products, besides evidencing no phase separation after centrifuge. The viscosity of the cream formulation prepared was found to be satisfactory which was suitable for stability study. The cream was found to be of the o / w type emulsion by dye solubility test. In addition, the findings suggested that the cream formulations with higher concentration of grape seed extract have a promising antibacterial effect against the proliferation of various microorganisms.
{"title":"Formulation and stability evaluation of Natural Preservatives in Poly-Herbal Skin Care Cream","authors":"R. Chandrasekar, K. Priyanka, K. Sakhira, K. Sreeprada, K. Harshitha, B. Haripriya, M. Babu","doi":"10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2999-3005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2999-3005","url":null,"abstract":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(3).2999-3005 ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to formulate and evaluate the stability of polyherbal cream based on natural products namely, Carica papaya leaf, Psidium guajava leaf, Vitis vinifera seed applied as natural preservatives. Carica papaya leaf and Psidium guajava leaves were shade dried and size reduced into coarse powder and then the powdered leaf material was stored in containers. They were extracted using ethanol and the extract was stored in refrigerator. A polyherbal O/W skin care cream was formulated using PLEE & GLEE and GSE. The formulated cream was evaluated for it pH, Viscosity, Dye test, Homogeneity, appearance, after feel, type of smear, Removal, Acid value, Saponification value, Irritancy test, Accelerated stability testing, UV spectrophotometric analysis, centrifuge test. Stability of the formulation was achieved for 2 weeks. The formulation also evaluated for its resistance and activity against a variety of microorganisms. The microbiological stability of the formulations was evaluated through agar diffusion assays using cultures of Escherichia coli, Bacteria and Yeast. The pH of cream formulations was found in range of 5.9 to 6.9. The cosmetic formulation prepared presented a pH value that seems adequate for topical application, which is frequently observed in cosmetic products, besides evidencing no phase separation after centrifuge. The viscosity of the cream formulation prepared was found to be satisfactory which was suitable for stability study. The cream was found to be of the o / w type emulsion by dye solubility test. In addition, the findings suggested that the cream formulations with higher concentration of grape seed extract have a promising antibacterial effect against the proliferation of various microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":14211,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78053763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).3006-3010
A. Tiwari, N. Agrawal, M. Thakur, G. Nagendrappa, A. Thakur
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(3).3006-3010 ABSTRACT: Present study is aimed to understand the role of structural manipulation in modeling of anti-HIV-1 activity of Piperidine-4-Carboxamide CCR5 antagonists. For the purpose a set of 21 Piperidine-4-Carboxamide has been chosen. Study explores the role of various, structural features like size, substitution and steric properties in anti-HIV1 activity of Piperidine-4-Carboxamide CCR5 antagonists derivatives. Multiple regression method is adopted to understand the role of structural manipulation in modeling the logIC50 activity. Statistics generated from the study shows that none of the parameter having statistical significant value of r but bi-parametric to tetra-parametric combinations produced the improved regression value.
{"title":"Modelling of Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Piperidine-4-carboxamide CCR5 Antagonist: Role of Structural Manipulation","authors":"A. Tiwari, N. Agrawal, M. Thakur, G. Nagendrappa, A. Thakur","doi":"10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).3006-3010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).3006-3010","url":null,"abstract":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(3).3006-3010 ABSTRACT: Present study is aimed to understand the role of structural manipulation in modeling of anti-HIV-1 activity of Piperidine-4-Carboxamide CCR5 antagonists. For the purpose a set of 21 Piperidine-4-Carboxamide has been chosen. Study explores the role of various, structural features like size, substitution and steric properties in anti-HIV1 activity of Piperidine-4-Carboxamide CCR5 antagonists derivatives. Multiple regression method is adopted to understand the role of structural manipulation in modeling the logIC50 activity. Statistics generated from the study shows that none of the parameter having statistical significant value of r but bi-parametric to tetra-parametric combinations produced the improved regression value.","PeriodicalId":14211,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74594053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(3).3011-3014
Bhavna Karnwal, R. Sharma, R. Jain, Bharat Jain
{"title":"Morphological Spectrum of Glial Tumors in J.A. Group of Hospitals, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior","authors":"Bhavna Karnwal, R. Sharma, R. Jain, Bharat Jain","doi":"10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(3).3011-3014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(3).3011-3014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14211,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81788449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2982-2990
P. Saxena, R. Mishra, R. Kumari, Monika Singh, M. Barman, D. Puri
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(3).2982-2990 ABSTRACT: Medicinal plants are an essential source of therapeutically active drugs and play a primary role in the healthcare system throughout world. The Indian system of medicines has been an integral part of the civilization and tradition of India down the centuries. Plant based medicines were being used extensively for the amelioration, prevention and treatment of chronic and acute human diseases by people who were known as traditional healers i.e.., vaidya, hakims whom we know as doctors in the present times. In terms of wealth of traditional knowledge India is one of the leading countries in Asia, as we know traditional medicine is an all-inclusive term used to describe two systems such as organized systems which includes all the Ayurveda, siddha, Unani, Greek medicines and several types of unorganized medicinal practices (i.e. indigenous, folk or tribal medicine). In India traditional knowledge till today majorly remains undocumented, most of this important information were passed through generations in the form of folklores, hence it is very important to tap this ethno-botanical knowledge of people and document the useful plants of that particular region, it can prove to be an essential tool that might help in the understanding of human-environment association. Our work involves a survey on the use of traditional medicinal plants by the villagers for the prevention and treatment of several diseases and disorders, this information was passed through generations in the form of folklores. The present study was carried out in the villages of Muradnagar district Ghaziabad all the information was gathered from young and old age people, vaidya, traditional healers and hakim who were aged between 30-65 years. ⇑ Corresponding author at: Rosaline Mishra, Assistant Professor, ITS College of Pharmacy, Delhi meerut road, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, India E-mail: rosalinemishra3@gmail.com
{"title":"A compiled knowledge repository of Indigenous traditional medicinal plants in Ghaziabad India as obtained from Vaidya and Hakims","authors":"P. Saxena, R. Mishra, R. Kumari, Monika Singh, M. Barman, D. Puri","doi":"10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2982-2990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2982-2990","url":null,"abstract":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.22780238.2018.7(3).2982-2990 ABSTRACT: Medicinal plants are an essential source of therapeutically active drugs and play a primary role in the healthcare system throughout world. The Indian system of medicines has been an integral part of the civilization and tradition of India down the centuries. Plant based medicines were being used extensively for the amelioration, prevention and treatment of chronic and acute human diseases by people who were known as traditional healers i.e.., vaidya, hakims whom we know as doctors in the present times. In terms of wealth of traditional knowledge India is one of the leading countries in Asia, as we know traditional medicine is an all-inclusive term used to describe two systems such as organized systems which includes all the Ayurveda, siddha, Unani, Greek medicines and several types of unorganized medicinal practices (i.e. indigenous, folk or tribal medicine). In India traditional knowledge till today majorly remains undocumented, most of this important information were passed through generations in the form of folklores, hence it is very important to tap this ethno-botanical knowledge of people and document the useful plants of that particular region, it can prove to be an essential tool that might help in the understanding of human-environment association. Our work involves a survey on the use of traditional medicinal plants by the villagers for the prevention and treatment of several diseases and disorders, this information was passed through generations in the form of folklores. The present study was carried out in the villages of Muradnagar district Ghaziabad all the information was gathered from young and old age people, vaidya, traditional healers and hakim who were aged between 30-65 years. ⇑ Corresponding author at: Rosaline Mishra, Assistant Professor, ITS College of Pharmacy, Delhi meerut road, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, India E-mail: rosalinemishra3@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":14211,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85790243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2991-2994
R. Bhaskar, Seema Singh, Pooja Singh, Z. Hasan, R. Kumar
Lung cancer is the most common cancer representing approximately12% of all new cancers. It is also the most frequent type of cancer in males and remains the most a common cause of cancer-related mortality in both sexes. An increasing incidence of lung cancer has been observed in India. We studied the clinical and pathological profile of patients with lung cancer in a tertiary care center. We performed a retrospective analysis of histopathologically proven cases of bronchogenic carcinoma admitted in our hospital. In our study we included 203 patients with confirmed cases of lung cancer. Male to female ratio was 8.2:1. The common age group being 40-60 years, 9.86% of the patients were less than 40 years old age. Smoking was found to be the main risk factor for 81.77% patients. The most frequent symptom was a cough (72.90%) followed by fever (58.12%). The most common radiological presentation was mess lesion (46.31%). The most common histopathological type was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (44.83%) followed by adenocarcinoma (19.78%) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) (16.75%). The majority patients (73.29%) were diagnosed in the later stages of the disease (3b and 4). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent histopathological form. Smoking remains the major risk factor for lung cancer.
{"title":"Clinico-pathological profile of lung cancer in North Indian population","authors":"R. Bhaskar, Seema Singh, Pooja Singh, Z. Hasan, R. Kumar","doi":"10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2991-2994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2991-2994","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the most common cancer representing approximately12% of all new cancers. It is also the most frequent type of cancer in males and remains the most a common cause of cancer-related mortality in both sexes. An increasing incidence of lung cancer has been observed in India. We studied the clinical and pathological profile of patients with lung cancer in a tertiary care center. We performed a retrospective analysis of histopathologically proven cases of bronchogenic carcinoma admitted in our hospital. In our study we included 203 patients with confirmed cases of lung cancer. Male to female ratio was 8.2:1. The common age group being 40-60 years, 9.86% of the patients were less than 40 years old age. Smoking was found to be the main risk factor for 81.77% patients. The most frequent symptom was a cough (72.90%) followed by fever (58.12%). The most common radiological presentation was mess lesion (46.31%). The most common histopathological type was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (44.83%) followed by adenocarcinoma (19.78%) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) (16.75%). The majority patients (73.29%) were diagnosed in the later stages of the disease (3b and 4). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent histopathological form. Smoking remains the major risk factor for lung cancer.","PeriodicalId":14211,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83631974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2969-2981
Brahamdutt Brahamdutt, A. Arun, Pradeep Sangwan, Pritam Singh, V. Yadav, Sandeep Kumar
{"title":"A Review about various Nanomaterials in Drug Delivery Systems and their Applications","authors":"Brahamdutt Brahamdutt, A. Arun, Pradeep Sangwan, Pritam Singh, V. Yadav, Sandeep Kumar","doi":"10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2969-2981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2018.7(3).2969-2981","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14211,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84433814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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