Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20242274
Sabina Parveen, Jasmine
Background: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) are a group of conditions characterized by high blood pressure during pregnancy. This can include gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia. The HDP elicits various adverse outcomes like preterm delivery, placental abruptions and increased rate of caesarean delivery. Hence, the present study was carried out to evaluate the frequency and associated indication of caesarean section (CS) in HDP. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 110 pregnant women with HDP for a period of one year. The patient’s details like mode of delivery and the indication of CS delivery were recorded. Results: The most common HDP was gestational hypertension in 76 (69.1%) and the mean age of the patients was 24.24±4.42 years. Out of 110 HDP cases, 97 had delivered through CS with a rate of 88.2%. The main indication for caesarean delivery was previous LSCS in 22 (22.68%) of the patients, followed by gestational hypertension in 18 (18.56%), severe preeclampsia in 11 (11.34%) and preeclampsia in 8 (8.25%). Conclusions: HDP are a significant factor in the negative outcomes experienced by both mothers and their babies. Routine pregnancy check-ups, early detection, immediate multifaceted treatment, and optimal time for delivery are crucial in reducing the frequency of complications and maternal mortality. Timely referral and management of these cases at specialized neonatal centers can significantly decrease perinatal mortality rates.
{"title":"Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy as primary and associated indications for caesarean section","authors":"Sabina Parveen, Jasmine","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20242274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20242274","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) are a group of conditions characterized by high blood pressure during pregnancy. This can include gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia. The HDP elicits various adverse outcomes like preterm delivery, placental abruptions and increased rate of caesarean delivery. Hence, the present study was carried out to evaluate the frequency and associated indication of caesarean section (CS) in HDP.\u0000Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 110 pregnant women with HDP for a period of one year. The patient’s details like mode of delivery and the indication of CS delivery were recorded.\u0000Results: The most common HDP was gestational hypertension in 76 (69.1%) and the mean age of the patients was 24.24±4.42 years. Out of 110 HDP cases, 97 had delivered through CS with a rate of 88.2%. The main indication for caesarean delivery was previous LSCS in 22 (22.68%) of the patients, followed by gestational hypertension in 18 (18.56%), severe preeclampsia in 11 (11.34%) and preeclampsia in 8 (8.25%).\u0000Conclusions: HDP are a significant factor in the negative outcomes experienced by both mothers and their babies. Routine pregnancy check-ups, early detection, immediate multifaceted treatment, and optimal time for delivery are crucial in reducing the frequency of complications and maternal mortality. Timely referral and management of these cases at specialized neonatal centers can significantly decrease perinatal mortality rates.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"93 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20242267
Ayub Khan, Hari Shankar
Background: Immunization is a crucial public health intervention that significantly reduces childhood morbidity and mortality. In India, despite the efforts of programs like the universal immunization program (UIP), there remain significant challenges in ensuring timely vaccination. This study investigates the compliance with immunization schedules among children in a rural area of Varanasi, India, from birth to one year of age. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from November 2022 to February 2024, involving 150 newborns. The participants included infants delivered via both caesarean section (CS) and vaginal delivery. Monthly delivery lists from the community health centre facilitated the identification and random selection of eligible newborns. The study entailed a baseline visit followed by four quarterly follow-ups over one year. Results: The study revealed significant delays in vaccination timing. Hepatitis B had the highest on-time rate at 99.3%, while rotavirus-1 had the highest delay at 35.5%. Other notable delays included BCG (15.8%) and oral polio vaccine (OPV) birth (25.3%). The on-time rates for subsequent doses of OPV and pentavalent vaccines ranged from 65.9% to 77.7%, with delays observed in about a quarter of the vaccinations. Socio-demographic factors indicated a predominance of joint families (85.3%), with most parents having completed high school or higher education. Conclusions: The findings highlight the need for enhanced strategies to improve adherence to vaccination schedules in rural areas. Significant delays in immunization, particularly for rota-1 and OPV doses, underscore the necessity for targeted interventions.
{"title":"Tracking immunization milestones: a community-based survey of child vaccination compliance from birth to one year age in India","authors":"Ayub Khan, Hari Shankar","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20242267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20242267","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Immunization is a crucial public health intervention that significantly reduces childhood morbidity and mortality. In India, despite the efforts of programs like the universal immunization program (UIP), there remain significant challenges in ensuring timely vaccination. This study investigates the compliance with immunization schedules among children in a rural area of Varanasi, India, from birth to one year of age.\u0000Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from November 2022 to February 2024, involving 150 newborns. The participants included infants delivered via both caesarean section (CS) and vaginal delivery. Monthly delivery lists from the community health centre facilitated the identification and random selection of eligible newborns. The study entailed a baseline visit followed by four quarterly follow-ups over one year.\u0000Results: The study revealed significant delays in vaccination timing. Hepatitis B had the highest on-time rate at 99.3%, while rotavirus-1 had the highest delay at 35.5%. Other notable delays included BCG (15.8%) and oral polio vaccine (OPV) birth (25.3%). The on-time rates for subsequent doses of OPV and pentavalent vaccines ranged from 65.9% to 77.7%, with delays observed in about a quarter of the vaccinations. Socio-demographic factors indicated a predominance of joint families (85.3%), with most parents having completed high school or higher education.\u0000Conclusions: The findings highlight the need for enhanced strategies to improve adherence to vaccination schedules in rural areas. Significant delays in immunization, particularly for rota-1 and OPV doses, underscore the necessity for targeted interventions.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"1 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20242266
Okram Sarda Devi, Melody Vashum, Guddi Laishram
Background: Menstruation is very important monthly event in the life of adolescent. Educating girls and women about menstrual hygiene is vital to break taboos, promote health, and empower them to manage their periods hygienically and confidently. For this knowing the awareness and practices and prevalence menstruation related health issue are also important. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional observational study done on all undergraduate’s female medical graduates of Churachandpur medical college (Imphal Campus) Manipur. from May 15th, 2024 to June 15th, 2024. Results: In the current study, it is noted that 100% of participants have menstrual related health issues and dysmenorrhea was the commonest among the menstrual related health issues. And a huge number of students did not receive treatment for the menstrual related health issues. Less than 50% of students have accessibility to separate toilet. And 55% have restriction during menstrual cycle. Conclusions: It is noted from the current study that there are numerous problems regarding menstrual hygiene that need to be address. So, providing more accessible menstrual clinics is crucial.
{"title":"Menstrual hygiene among the undergraduate medical college students in Churachandpur Medical College, Manipur, North Eastern state of India","authors":"Okram Sarda Devi, Melody Vashum, Guddi Laishram","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20242266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20242266","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Menstruation is very important monthly event in the life of adolescent. Educating girls and women about menstrual hygiene is vital to break taboos, promote health, and empower them to manage their periods hygienically and confidently. For this knowing the awareness and practices and prevalence menstruation related health issue are also important.\u0000Methods: The study is a cross-sectional observational study done on all undergraduate’s female medical graduates of Churachandpur medical college (Imphal Campus) Manipur. from May 15th, 2024 to June 15th, 2024.\u0000Results: In the current study, it is noted that 100% of participants have menstrual related health issues and dysmenorrhea was the commonest among the menstrual related health issues. And a huge number of students did not receive treatment for the menstrual related health issues. Less than 50% of students have accessibility to separate toilet. And 55% have restriction during menstrual cycle.\u0000Conclusions: It is noted from the current study that there are numerous problems regarding menstrual hygiene that need to be address. So, providing more accessible menstrual clinics is crucial.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241983
Niki Shah, Vipul S. Patel, Anisa Shaikh
Background: Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is rupture of fetal membranes prior to labor in pregnancies between 28-37 weeks. PPROM is associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity or mortality. The present study was conducted to evaluate risk factor and etiology of PPROM and its fetomaternal effect in tertiary care hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, SMS Hospital, Ahemdabad. From August 2023 to February 2024.The study included 50 pregnant women between 28-37 weeks gestation with PPROM were subjected to detailed history and examination. Each patient was followed till her delivery and fetomaternal outcome was recorded. Results: PPROM is a fair complication of pregnancy. 80% were belongs to 20-29 age, 70% were unbooked, 76% from low SE-class, 68% with gestational age of 34-36 weeks. Vaginal delivery was common 58%. The babies born to mothers with PPROM more in weight of 2-2.5 kg (48%). 34 had no risk factors to develop PPROM. Most common etiology for PPROM infection 16% and malpresentation 10%. Most of the mothers with PPROM had no complications. 17 (34%) babies required NICU admissions for complaints of premturity, respiratory distress, birth asphyxia, and sepsis. RDS was most common neonatal complication. 2 neonatal deaths in this study due to RDS and prematurity. Conclusions: Effective PPROM Mx involves evaluating the risks and advantage of conservative Mx strategies. Whenever possible, Rx should be focused towards prophylactic use of antibiotics and steroids during pregnancy can reduce fetal and mother morbidity and mortality. Termination of pregnancy should be considered at the 1st sign of chorioamnionitis.
{"title":"A study on feto-maternal outcome in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes","authors":"Niki Shah, Vipul S. Patel, Anisa Shaikh","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241983","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is rupture of fetal membranes prior to labor in pregnancies between 28-37 weeks. PPROM is associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity or mortality. The present study was conducted to evaluate risk factor and etiology of PPROM and its fetomaternal effect in tertiary care hospital.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, SMS Hospital, Ahemdabad. From August 2023 to February 2024.The study included 50 pregnant women between 28-37 weeks gestation with PPROM were subjected to detailed history and examination. Each patient was followed till her delivery and fetomaternal outcome was recorded.\u0000Results: PPROM is a fair complication of pregnancy. 80% were belongs to 20-29 age, 70% were unbooked, 76% from low SE-class, 68% with gestational age of 34-36 weeks. Vaginal delivery was common 58%. The babies born to mothers with PPROM more in weight of 2-2.5 kg (48%). 34 had no risk factors to develop PPROM. Most common etiology for PPROM infection 16% and malpresentation 10%. Most of the mothers with PPROM had no complications. 17 (34%) babies required NICU admissions for complaints of premturity, respiratory distress, birth asphyxia, and sepsis. RDS was most common neonatal complication. 2 neonatal deaths in this study due to RDS and prematurity.\u0000Conclusions: Effective PPROM Mx involves evaluating the risks and advantage of conservative Mx strategies. Whenever possible, Rx should be focused towards prophylactic use of antibiotics and steroids during pregnancy can reduce fetal and mother morbidity and mortality. Termination of pregnancy should be considered at the 1st sign of chorioamnionitis.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"17 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-19DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241978
Sultana Nasima Akhter, M. R. Islam, Parvez Hassan
Background: We studied the gynaecological, obstetrical and family history, complications arisen, timing and mode of delivery, and post-delivery maternal and neonatal health conditions for preeclamptic patients in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Methods: Using a cross-sectional longitudinal design, 90 women hospitalized with preeclampsia in 7 hospitals of Rajshahi, Bangladesh were considered, of which two-thirds were from tertiary referral Rajshahi medical college hospital. The data were collected by interviewing the patients, physical examinations and analyzing patients’ pathological profile. For statistical analyses, SPSS software was employed. Results: The 58% of the preeclamptic patients became pregnant earlier, of which 56% had NVD, 24 % C/S and 20% abortion. The 85% patients had history of chronic constipation, ashma, blood transfusion, UTI, hypertension, liver disease, diabetes and preeclampsia. Regarding past surgical history, 40% had Appendisectomy, DE and C, MR, left Salphingo-oophorectomy and CS. Their gestational age ranged 40-32 weeks, averaging 37 weeks. About three-fourths of the patients’ deliveries were made by CS. Generally, patients’ BP fell down after delivery. One patient out of 88 had died after giving birth, but her female infant (weighing 2.0 kg) was in good condition. Only one case of twin-pregnancy was recorded. After giving births, 28% of mother had no complications, whereas 56% had mild complications and 16% had severe complications. Male children dominated (60%) over female children (40%). A total of 9 (10%) neonatal deaths were recorded. Among alive infants, 42% were premature. About 28% of the newborn infants had no complications, while 16% had mild complications and 56% had severe complications including asphyxia, IUGR, etc. Conclusions: After delivery (CS was 75%), mothers’ health was good, but the infants’ health deteriorated. Consequently, 1% maternal death and 10% neonatal deaths were recorded.
{"title":"Modes and timing of delivery along with maternal and neonatal conditions for preeclamptic patients of Rajshahi, Bangladesh","authors":"Sultana Nasima Akhter, M. R. Islam, Parvez Hassan","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241978","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We studied the gynaecological, obstetrical and family history, complications arisen, timing and mode of delivery, and post-delivery maternal and neonatal health conditions for preeclamptic patients in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. \u0000Methods: Using a cross-sectional longitudinal design, 90 women hospitalized with preeclampsia in 7 hospitals of Rajshahi, Bangladesh were considered, of which two-thirds were from tertiary referral Rajshahi medical college hospital. The data were collected by interviewing the patients, physical examinations and analyzing patients’ pathological profile. For statistical analyses, SPSS software was employed. \u0000Results: The 58% of the preeclamptic patients became pregnant earlier, of which 56% had NVD, 24 % C/S and 20% abortion. The 85% patients had history of chronic constipation, ashma, blood transfusion, UTI, hypertension, liver disease, diabetes and preeclampsia. Regarding past surgical history, 40% had Appendisectomy, DE and C, MR, left Salphingo-oophorectomy and CS. Their gestational age ranged 40-32 weeks, averaging 37 weeks. About three-fourths of the patients’ deliveries were made by CS. Generally, patients’ BP fell down after delivery. One patient out of 88 had died after giving birth, but her female infant (weighing 2.0 kg) was in good condition. Only one case of twin-pregnancy was recorded. After giving births, 28% of mother had no complications, whereas 56% had mild complications and 16% had severe complications. Male children dominated (60%) over female children (40%). A total of 9 (10%) neonatal deaths were recorded. Among alive infants, 42% were premature. About 28% of the newborn infants had no complications, while 16% had mild complications and 56% had severe complications including asphyxia, IUGR, etc. \u0000Conclusions: After delivery (CS was 75%), mothers’ health was good, but the infants’ health deteriorated. Consequently, 1% maternal death and 10% neonatal deaths were recorded. ","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241970
Tejas Gopalkrishnan
The article is a case report of a 16-year-old patient who came to tertiary care centre in western part of India with a case of ovarian tumor with torsion. The ovarian mass was a composite tumor of ovarian thecoma fibroma and serous cystadenoma. The detection of ovarian mass was made with ultrasonography and CT scan. Her tumor markers were not raised. The patient was managed surgically with ovarian mass removal along with removal of non-salvageable ovary. The present literature has very few cases of ovarian thecoma fibroma with serous cystadenoma and there is no such case occurring at a young age of 16 years. Such a case needs to be kept in mind when dealing with ovarian masses in young age as a solid mass with a cystic tumor may raise a suspicion of malignancy in preliminary evaluation. Also, further evaluation is necessary as to occurrence of such composite tumors and that too in younger age groups.
{"title":"Ovarian fibroma thecoma with serous cystadenoma-an unusual combination in young patient: a case report","authors":"Tejas Gopalkrishnan","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241970","url":null,"abstract":"The article is a case report of a 16-year-old patient who came to tertiary care centre in western part of India with a case of ovarian tumor with torsion. The ovarian mass was a composite tumor of ovarian thecoma fibroma and serous cystadenoma. The detection of ovarian mass was made with ultrasonography and CT scan. Her tumor markers were not raised. The patient was managed surgically with ovarian mass removal along with removal of non-salvageable ovary. The present literature has very few cases of ovarian thecoma fibroma with serous cystadenoma and there is no such case occurring at a young age of 16 years. Such a case needs to be kept in mind when dealing with ovarian masses in young age as a solid mass with a cystic tumor may raise a suspicion of malignancy in preliminary evaluation. Also, further evaluation is necessary as to occurrence of such composite tumors and that too in younger age groups. ","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141826854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241965
Sultana Nasima Akhter, Rokeya Khatun, M. Shamima, Nahid Sultana, Amina Khatun, Rawshan Akhtar, Nargis Jahan, Monowara Begum, M. J. Haque, Parvez Hassan
Background: Although preeclampsia claims lives of 70,000 mothers and 500,000 newborns each year, in Bangladesh the comprehensive data-sets are not well-documented. We studied the prevalence of preeclampsia, its trend and the associated risk factors in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Methods: Using a cross-sectional longitudinal design, 90 women hospitalized with preeclampsia in 7 hospitals of Rajshahi, Bangladesh were considered in the study, of which Rajshahi medical college hospital (RMCH) is a tertiary referral hospital. The data were collected by interviewing the patients, physical examinations and analyzing patients’ pathological profile. For statistical analyses, SPSS software was employed. Results: During the five years (2013-2017), RMCH admitted pregnant mothers for delivery or with obstructed complications had increased from 11,523 to 17,201, leading to an increase in preeclamptic patients from 407 to 435. Its prevalence rate (3.21%) was found to be decreased linearly with time. The preeclamptic patients were of 16-40 years, averaging 25.90±0.65 years. The youngest (£20 years) preeclamptic mothers (24%) were at high risk of preeclampsia. The obese (40%) and overweight (29%) preeclamptic mothers experienced severe oedema, headache, vomiting, lower abdominal pain and hyperacidity. About three-fourths of the concerned patients were of lower socio-economic class, of which the majority was below education level 10. The majority were from joint families (58%) who took less than 2.2 L of drinking water per day. Conclusions: The average prevalence preeclampsia rate was 3.21% that was found to decrease linearly with time. The youngest but obese (BMI of ³30 kg/m2) mothers were vulnerable for preeclampsia. Other risk factors include lower socio-economic class, less education, white complexion, joint family type and taking less amount of fluid.
{"title":"Prevalence of preeclampsia and its associated risk factors in Rajshahi region, Bangladesh","authors":"Sultana Nasima Akhter, Rokeya Khatun, M. Shamima, Nahid Sultana, Amina Khatun, Rawshan Akhtar, Nargis Jahan, Monowara Begum, M. J. Haque, Parvez Hassan","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241965","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although preeclampsia claims lives of 70,000 mothers and 500,000 newborns each year, in Bangladesh the comprehensive data-sets are not well-documented. We studied the prevalence of preeclampsia, its trend and the associated risk factors in Rajshahi, Bangladesh.\u0000Methods: Using a cross-sectional longitudinal design, 90 women hospitalized with preeclampsia in 7 hospitals of Rajshahi, Bangladesh were considered in the study, of which Rajshahi medical college hospital (RMCH) is a tertiary referral hospital. The data were collected by interviewing the patients, physical examinations and analyzing patients’ pathological profile. For statistical analyses, SPSS software was employed. \u0000Results: During the five years (2013-2017), RMCH admitted pregnant mothers for delivery or with obstructed complications had increased from 11,523 to 17,201, leading to an increase in preeclamptic patients from 407 to 435. Its prevalence rate (3.21%) was found to be decreased linearly with time. The preeclamptic patients were of 16-40 years, averaging 25.90±0.65 years. The youngest (£20 years) preeclamptic mothers (24%) were at high risk of preeclampsia. The obese (40%) and overweight (29%) preeclamptic mothers experienced severe oedema, headache, vomiting, lower abdominal pain and hyperacidity. About three-fourths of the concerned patients were of lower socio-economic class, of which the majority was below education level 10. The majority were from joint families (58%) who took less than 2.2 L of drinking water per day.\u0000Conclusions: The average prevalence preeclampsia rate was 3.21% that was found to decrease linearly with time. The youngest but obese (BMI of ³30 kg/m2) mothers were vulnerable for preeclampsia. Other risk factors include lower socio-economic class, less education, white complexion, joint family type and taking less amount of fluid. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241954
Subashree Ilangovan
Background: Effective ovulation induction is crucial in management of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) related infertility. Clomiphene citrate (CC) has long been the first line of treatment for inducing ovulation in women with PCOS. Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, has emerged as a promising alternative to CC for ovulation induction. The present study was aimed to compare efficacy and safety of letrozole versus CC for ovulation induction in women with PCOS. Methods: This study consists of 384 PCOS women, randomized into two groups: Letrozole (2.5 mg/day) and CC (50 mg/day), both administered from day 3 to day 7 of the menstrual cycle. The primary outcome was the ovulation rate, confirmed by serum progesterone levels >10 ng/ml. Secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, endometrial thickness, adverse effects, cost-effectiveness, and patient satisfaction. Participants were monitored through transvaginal ultrasound and serum progesterone measurements. Results: Ovulation was achieved in 76.0% of participants in the letrozole group compared to 55.2% in the CC group (p<0.001). Clinical pregnancy rates were significantly higher in the letrozole group (44.8%) compared to the CC group (28.1%) (p<0.001). Similarly, live birth rates were higher with letrozole (36.5% vs. 22.4%; p=0.002). Endometrial thickness was greater in the letrozole group (8.7 mm vs. 7.5 mm; p<0.001). Adverse effects, were significantly lower in the letrozole group. Conclusions: Letrozole is more effective than CC in inducing ovulation and achieving higher pregnancy and live birth rates in women with PCOS.
{"title":"A comparative study of letrozole and clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Subashree Ilangovan","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241954","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Effective ovulation induction is crucial in management of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) related infertility. Clomiphene citrate (CC) has long been the first line of treatment for inducing ovulation in women with PCOS. Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, has emerged as a promising alternative to CC for ovulation induction. The present study was aimed to compare efficacy and safety of letrozole versus CC for ovulation induction in women with PCOS.\u0000Methods: This study consists of 384 PCOS women, randomized into two groups: Letrozole (2.5 mg/day) and CC (50 mg/day), both administered from day 3 to day 7 of the menstrual cycle. The primary outcome was the ovulation rate, confirmed by serum progesterone levels >10 ng/ml. Secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, endometrial thickness, adverse effects, cost-effectiveness, and patient satisfaction. Participants were monitored through transvaginal ultrasound and serum progesterone measurements.\u0000Results: Ovulation was achieved in 76.0% of participants in the letrozole group compared to 55.2% in the CC group (p<0.001). Clinical pregnancy rates were significantly higher in the letrozole group (44.8%) compared to the CC group (28.1%) (p<0.001). Similarly, live birth rates were higher with letrozole (36.5% vs. 22.4%; p=0.002). Endometrial thickness was greater in the letrozole group (8.7 mm vs. 7.5 mm; p<0.001). Adverse effects, were significantly lower in the letrozole group.\u0000Conclusions: Letrozole is more effective than CC in inducing ovulation and achieving higher pregnancy and live birth rates in women with PCOS.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"61 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-06DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241951
Ananya Sarvotham, A. A. Fathima, Chaitanya Indrani
Background: Due to the rise in caesarean section rates Robsons classification system was adopted by WHO as a global standard to asses and audit the caesarean section rates within different hospitals, to reduce the caesarean section rates and the associated complications and also improve patient care along with it. The aim of the present study is to audit the number of caesarean deliveries in the hospital. Objective were to audit the caesarean deliveries in the institution using Robsons classification system as the starting point to find the contributing factors responsible for the caesarean section rates. Methods: This retrospective hospital-based study was conducted at MVJMC and RH. The study included all pregnant patients undergoing caesarean section during the period of one year from March 2023 to February 2024. All the data was entered into Microsoft excel, sheet, which was then classified according to Robson’s classification system. Results: In our study we noted that the highest percent of caesarean deliveries was noted among multigravida which contributed about 66.5 of the total caesarean deliveries and according to classification 35% of the caesarean deliveries was noted in group 3 with multiparous women of more than 37 weeks in spontaneous labour. Conclusions: Globally accepted Robsons classification should be used for regular audits among hospitals to curb the caesarean section and its associated maternal and perinatal complications in order to improve patient care.
{"title":"Audit of caesarean deliveries in a tertiary care rural hospital of Bangalore, Karnataka, India","authors":"Ananya Sarvotham, A. A. Fathima, Chaitanya Indrani","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241951","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to the rise in caesarean section rates Robsons classification system was adopted by WHO as a global standard to asses and audit the caesarean section rates within different hospitals, to reduce the caesarean section rates and the associated complications and also improve patient care along with it. The aim of the present study is to audit the number of caesarean deliveries in the hospital. Objective were to audit the caesarean deliveries in the institution using Robsons classification system as the starting point to find the contributing factors responsible for the caesarean section rates.\u0000Methods: This retrospective hospital-based study was conducted at MVJMC and RH. The study included all pregnant patients undergoing caesarean section during the period of one year from March 2023 to February 2024. All the data was entered into Microsoft excel, sheet, which was then classified according to Robson’s classification system.\u0000Results: In our study we noted that the highest percent of caesarean deliveries was noted among multigravida which contributed about 66.5 of the total caesarean deliveries and according to classification 35% of the caesarean deliveries was noted in group 3 with multiparous women of more than 37 weeks in spontaneous labour. \u0000Conclusions: Globally accepted Robsons classification should be used for regular audits among hospitals to curb the caesarean section and its associated maternal and perinatal complications in order to improve patient care.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-06DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241952
Mozaffar Danish, Shreya Bhat, Asif Khursheed, M. S. Ahmad
Background: Accurate diagnosis of ovarian tumours is a diagnostic challenge. Multiple modes are used for the early detection of ovarian tumours. Early detection provides a survival advantage. Ultrasonography (USG), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are important imaging modalities in this regard. This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy of USG and CT imaging in the detection of malignant ovarian tumours. Materials: An observational cross-sectional study is conducted in the department of radiodiagnosis of Narayan medical college and hospital, Bihar over a period of 18 months from August 2021 to March 2024. Fifty-three patients with suspected ovarian malignancy who were not pregnant or had contraindications for administration of contrast media were included in the study. USG, CT and histopathology reports were compared for diagnostic accuracy with respect to different components. Results: Mean age of the patients was seen to be 49.6±13.8 years. Abdominal pain was the most common presentation Majority of the patients had vascular lesions with a well-differentiated margin, heterogenous enhancement and septations. USG and CT agree almost perfectly in, identifying septations, calcification, and in differentiating margin of the tumours and very poorly for the identification of lymphadenopathy. CT had better sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) when compared to USG for diagnosis of ovarian malignancies Conclusions: CT has superior diagnostic accuracy compared to USG for diagnosis of ovarian tumours. However, USG provides similar diagnostic accuracy for identifying septations, calcification, and in differentiating margins of tumours.
{"title":"Comparison of ultrasound and computed tomography in the diagnosis of malignant ovarian tumours at tertiary care center","authors":"Mozaffar Danish, Shreya Bhat, Asif Khursheed, M. S. Ahmad","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241952","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Accurate diagnosis of ovarian tumours is a diagnostic challenge. Multiple modes are used for the early detection of ovarian tumours. Early detection provides a survival advantage. Ultrasonography (USG), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are important imaging modalities in this regard. This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy of USG and CT imaging in the detection of malignant ovarian tumours.\u0000Materials: An observational cross-sectional study is conducted in the department of radiodiagnosis of Narayan medical college and hospital, Bihar over a period of 18 months from August 2021 to March 2024. Fifty-three patients with suspected ovarian malignancy who were not pregnant or had contraindications for administration of contrast media were included in the study. USG, CT and histopathology reports were compared for diagnostic accuracy with respect to different components.\u0000Results: Mean age of the patients was seen to be 49.6±13.8 years. Abdominal pain was the most common presentation Majority of the patients had vascular lesions with a well-differentiated margin, heterogenous enhancement and septations. USG and CT agree almost perfectly in, identifying septations, calcification, and in differentiating margin of the tumours and very poorly for the identification of lymphadenopathy. CT had better sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) when compared to USG for diagnosis of ovarian malignancies\u0000Conclusions: CT has superior diagnostic accuracy compared to USG for diagnosis of ovarian tumours. However, USG provides similar diagnostic accuracy for identifying septations, calcification, and in differentiating margins of tumours.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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