Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.183
S. Hussain, A. Ali
Shaikh Ayaz and Habib Jalib are very renowned figures of Pakistani modern literature. Following the trend, their literary works tend to highlight their contemporary issues. Totalitarianism is a very internationally recognized political dogma which deals with controlling a state with one-man power. In the modern political discourse, it is named as dictatorship. Therefore, the study is concerned with locating the critique of totalitarianism in the poets’ poems. The researchers find the objective of finding the theme of totalitarianism in the comparative manner. The researchers answer the question that how the theme of totalitarianism is dealt with, by both poets comparatively. The research follows the comparative textual analysis method of research and is qualitative in design. The Researchers have examined some similarities and differences between the poets while treating the subject of Totalitarianism. The findings of the study rely on understanding Ayaz as an international totalitarian critic, and Jalib as a national critic. The study is significant to understand Pakistani political literature.
{"title":"Critique of Totalitarianism in Shaikh Ayaz And Habib Jalib’s Poetry: A Comparative Study","authors":"S. Hussain, A. Ali","doi":"10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.183","url":null,"abstract":"Shaikh Ayaz and Habib Jalib are very renowned figures of Pakistani modern literature. Following the trend, their literary works tend to highlight their contemporary issues. Totalitarianism is a very internationally recognized political dogma which deals with controlling a state with one-man power. In the modern political discourse, it is named as dictatorship. Therefore, the study is concerned with locating the critique of totalitarianism in the poets’ poems. The researchers find the objective of finding the theme of totalitarianism in the comparative manner. The researchers answer the question that how the theme of totalitarianism is dealt with, by both poets comparatively. The research follows the comparative textual analysis method of research and is qualitative in design. The Researchers have examined some similarities and differences between the poets while treating the subject of Totalitarianism. The findings of the study rely on understanding Ayaz as an international totalitarian critic, and Jalib as a national critic. The study is significant to understand Pakistani political literature.","PeriodicalId":142446,"journal":{"name":"IARS' International Research Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132313075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.188
Sheena Kaur, Gurcharan Singh Bishen Singh, M. David, T. Shanmuganathan, Francisco P Dumanig
When a minority group interacts and comes into contact with individuals from the dominant language, they tend to choose a commonly understood language. Language choice is forced to negotiate their own identity and cultural practices with their dominant culture. This can create a conflict, as in the case of the Punjabi community, who try to adopt new cultural norms and maintain their own identity when living in a dominant cultural group. With the growing number of Punjabis in Sabah, specifically in the capital city of Kota Kinabalu, East Malaysia, this situation presents an excellent case for advancing our knowledge about the challenges that the process of assimilation and enculturation may have on the Punjabi community living in a society which predominantly is of a different culture in Sabah. This study thus addresses the impact of social integration among a small population of the Punjabi Sikhs living in Kota Kinabalu. Data is collected using a questionnaire and interviews with several community members. The study draws implications on how a minority group adapts to the dominant culture and provides possible avenues for future research.
{"title":"Language Choice among the Punjabi Sikh Community in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia","authors":"Sheena Kaur, Gurcharan Singh Bishen Singh, M. David, T. Shanmuganathan, Francisco P Dumanig","doi":"10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.188","url":null,"abstract":"When a minority group interacts and comes into contact with individuals from the dominant language, they tend to choose a commonly understood language. Language choice is forced to negotiate their own identity and cultural practices with their dominant culture. This can create a conflict, as in the case of the Punjabi community, who try to adopt new cultural norms and maintain their own identity when living in a dominant cultural group. With the growing number of Punjabis in Sabah, specifically in the capital city of Kota Kinabalu, East Malaysia, this situation presents an excellent case for advancing our knowledge about the challenges that the process of assimilation and enculturation may have on the Punjabi community living in a society which predominantly is of a different culture in Sabah. This study thus addresses the impact of social integration among a small population of the Punjabi Sikhs living in Kota Kinabalu. Data is collected using a questionnaire and interviews with several community members. The study draws implications on how a minority group adapts to the dominant culture and provides possible avenues for future research.","PeriodicalId":142446,"journal":{"name":"IARS' International Research Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132345563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.178
A. Hashim, Seyed Yasin Yazdi-Amirkhiz, M. N. Suleiman
This study explored Nigerian post-graduate students’ perceptions of intercultural communication challenges faced in the wider socio-cultural context of society as well as in the setting of a higher education institution in Malaysia. Core findings of two focus group interviews with fourteen Nigerian students are reported. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and coded. Inductive qualitative analysis was used to determine categories and themes which emerged in the focus groups’ data. The main highlights discovered were the issues of local media’s indiscriminate generalizations and biased coverage of activities of Nigerians. The informants also referred to Malaysians’ natural proclivity for silence and their poor responsiveness in communicative interactions, the language barrier as well as religion-induced discriminations as factors contributing to the inefficacy of intercultural communication. The findings are discussed with reference to the macro-cultural patterns of world cultures as well as the culture-specific qualities of the Malaysian society.
{"title":"Cultural, Interpersonal Relationships and Communication Challenges as Perceived by Nigerian Post-graduate Students in a Public Academic Institution in Malaysia","authors":"A. Hashim, Seyed Yasin Yazdi-Amirkhiz, M. N. Suleiman","doi":"10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.178","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored Nigerian post-graduate students’ perceptions of intercultural communication challenges faced in the wider socio-cultural context of society as well as in the setting of a higher education institution in Malaysia. Core findings of two focus group interviews with fourteen Nigerian students are reported. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and coded. Inductive qualitative analysis was used to determine categories and themes which emerged in the focus groups’ data. The main highlights discovered were the issues of local media’s indiscriminate generalizations and biased coverage of activities of Nigerians. The informants also referred to Malaysians’ natural proclivity for silence and their poor responsiveness in communicative interactions, the language barrier as well as religion-induced discriminations as factors contributing to the inefficacy of intercultural communication. The findings are discussed with reference to the macro-cultural patterns of world cultures as well as the culture-specific qualities of the Malaysian society.","PeriodicalId":142446,"journal":{"name":"IARS' International Research Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121728190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.193
M. Srinivasa Rao, D. V
The Future Public Libraries are filled with Electronic resources. All the public libraries in India need to improve the e-resource to meet the user information needs. Implementation of Information Communication Technology in the district central public libraries have to instruct their subordinate public libraries in the district., The utilization of the Internet, and conduction of the Digitization process in the district central public libraries in the state. The Community has to give their support to the implementation of information communication technologies and develop the electronic resource in the Central Coastal district public libraries in Andhra Pradesh. Sometime in the future, a public library is a room with a bookshelf and a computer terminal per person. The shelves are mostly bare of books and instead stuffed with old conventional documents. The Indian government had initiated to development of the public library system. Chadavadam makistam (We Love Reading) concept was initiated by the government of Andhra Pradesh, to improve the reading habitation in school level children.
未来的公共图书馆充满了电子资源。印度所有的公共图书馆都需要改进电子资源，以满足用户的信息需求。信息通信技术在区中心公共图书馆的实施，必须对本区下属公共图书馆进行指导。国家区级中心公共图书馆对互联网的利用与数字化进程的开展。社区必须为安得拉邦中部沿海地区公共图书馆实施信息通信技术和开发电子资源提供支持。在未来的某个时候，公共图书馆是一个房间，每个人有一个书架和一台电脑终端。书架上几乎没有书，取而代之的是旧的传统文件。印度政府开始发展公共图书馆系统。Chadavadam makistam (We Love Reading)概念是由安得拉邦政府发起的，旨在改善学龄儿童的阅读居住。
{"title":"The Survey on Deployment of E-Resources in District Central Public Libraries in Andhra Pradesh: The User’s Perspective","authors":"M. Srinivasa Rao, D. V","doi":"10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.193","url":null,"abstract":"The Future Public Libraries are filled with Electronic resources. All the public libraries in India need to improve the e-resource to meet the user information needs. Implementation of Information Communication Technology in the district central public libraries have to instruct their subordinate public libraries in the district., The utilization of the Internet, and conduction of the Digitization process in the district central public libraries in the state. The Community has to give their support to the implementation of information communication technologies and develop the electronic resource in the Central Coastal district public libraries in Andhra Pradesh. Sometime in the future, a public library is a room with a bookshelf and a computer terminal per person. The shelves are mostly bare of books and instead stuffed with old conventional documents. The Indian government had initiated to development of the public library system. Chadavadam makistam (We Love Reading) concept was initiated by the government of Andhra Pradesh, to improve the reading habitation in school level children.","PeriodicalId":142446,"journal":{"name":"IARS' International Research Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122256872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.192
Mitanshi Rustagi, Neha Goel
The science of predictive analytics gives a line of future insight developed in the area of data analytics. Through predictive analytics, organizations or industries can identify the patterns within the data and make future forecasts on the basis of existing data and analytics techniques such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, pattern recognition. Machine Learning works on the idea of identifying the best suitable model for the data.
{"title":"Predictive Analytics: A study of its Advantages and Applications","authors":"Mitanshi Rustagi, Neha Goel","doi":"10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.192","url":null,"abstract":"The science of predictive analytics gives a line of future insight developed in the area of data analytics. Through predictive analytics, organizations or industries can identify the patterns within the data and make future forecasts on the basis of existing data and analytics techniques such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, pattern recognition. Machine Learning works on the idea of identifying the best suitable model for the data.","PeriodicalId":142446,"journal":{"name":"IARS' International Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129864781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.182
A. Ali, M. David
Sindh is a multilingual province in Pakistan where politics of language and clash of language ideologies have played a significant role. English is viewed as a language of power, and Urdu is generally considered as a symbol of national cohesion in Pakistan. In Sindh both these languages are used in official and educational domains In Sindh’s language ecology, English occupies an important position. In addition to these two languages, Sindhi is widely spoken and is associated with Sindh’s regional and ethnic consciousness. Pakistan's pivot to China policy is slowly impacting language policy and planning in Sindh. Politicians have started talking about making Chinese a compulsory subject from grade 6 onwards in Sindh’s educational institutions. However, this language policy decision has met resistance from the English-speaking class, and the Urdu, Seraiki, and Sindhi speech communities who look at the imposition of Chinese language with distrust. The aim of this research article is to investigate how language teachers and students in Sindh react to the Chinese language policy and planning. A survey questionnaire was sent to participants to explore their perceptions of imposing the Chinese language in Sindh. 33 participants aged between 20 to 40 responded to 14 questions included in the survey. Extracts taken from their responses were codified into broader themes and qualitative analysis was carried out using Philipson’s (1992) imperialism concept. The findings showed that the pro-Chinese class is struggling to replace English in an ecology of language where speakers of minor languages are already resisting the hegemony of major languages. Key words: Chinese; English; Languages; Sindhi; Urdu
{"title":"Challenges of Teaching Chinese as a Subject in an English-dominated Region: Focus on Sindh, Pakistan","authors":"A. Ali, M. David","doi":"10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.182","url":null,"abstract":"Sindh is a multilingual province in Pakistan where politics of language and clash of language ideologies have played a significant role. English is viewed as a language of power, and Urdu is generally considered as a symbol of national cohesion in Pakistan. In Sindh both these languages are used in official and educational domains In Sindh’s language ecology, English occupies an important position. In addition to these two languages, Sindhi is widely spoken and is associated with Sindh’s regional and ethnic consciousness. Pakistan's pivot to China policy is slowly impacting language policy and planning in Sindh. Politicians have started talking about making Chinese a compulsory subject from grade 6 onwards in Sindh’s educational institutions. However, this language policy decision has met resistance from the English-speaking class, and the Urdu, Seraiki, and Sindhi speech communities who look at the imposition of Chinese language with distrust. The aim of this research article is to investigate how language teachers and students in Sindh react to the Chinese language policy and planning. A survey questionnaire was sent to participants to explore their perceptions of imposing the Chinese language in Sindh. 33 participants aged between 20 to 40 responded to 14 questions included in the survey. Extracts taken from their responses were codified into broader themes and qualitative analysis was carried out using Philipson’s (1992) imperialism concept. The findings showed that the pro-Chinese class is struggling to replace English in an ecology of language where speakers of minor languages are already resisting the hegemony of major languages. \u0000Key words: Chinese; English; Languages; Sindhi; Urdu","PeriodicalId":142446,"journal":{"name":"IARS' International Research Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115442280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.187
P. Dar
For centuries girls were not treated equal to boys in many ways. The education of girls has become one of the most important concerns of 21st century not only at local level but also at the national level. Efforts by the government are on to ensure gender equality but government initiatives alone would not be sufficient to achieve this goal. Society must take initiative to create a climate in which there is no gender discrimination and girls have full opportunity to receive good quality elementary education without any barrier. The female literacy rate is also lower than the male literacy rate. The ground reality is deprivation and exploitation of girls especially from rural areas and those belonging to deprived sections of the society. Education is a powerful tool of social transformation. Hence, education for girls has to be paid special attention. Greater access for education must be ensured in the educational system. Gender sensitivity must be developed. A watch has to be kept on dropout rate of girls and corrective measures should be taken to check the dropout rates. There is no denying the fact that education of girls have made considerable progress in almost every aspect, but they still have to struggle against many handicaps and social evils in the male dominated society. The study found that there are 222 children in the age group of 06-14 years who are out of school from a single education zone. Taking this thing into consideration it seems a dream to achieve 100% literacy rate at elementary level if time bound steps are not taken to solve this problem. Hence, the study will help all stakeholders to become aware of the present situation and issues prevailing in the education zone Khag and can play an active role in solving these problems effectively and fruitfully.
{"title":"Gender Equality in Elementary Education: A Dream or Reality","authors":"P. Dar","doi":"10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.187","url":null,"abstract":"For centuries girls were not treated equal to boys in many ways. The education of girls has become one of the most important concerns of 21st century not only at local level but also at the national level. Efforts by the government are on to ensure gender equality but government initiatives alone would not be sufficient to achieve this goal. Society must take initiative to create a climate in which there is no gender discrimination and girls have full opportunity to receive good quality elementary education without any barrier. The female literacy rate is also lower than the male literacy rate. The ground reality is deprivation and exploitation of girls especially from rural areas and those belonging to deprived sections of the society. Education is a powerful tool of social transformation. Hence, education for girls has to be paid special attention. Greater access for education must be ensured in the educational system. Gender sensitivity must be developed. A watch has to be kept on dropout rate of girls and corrective measures should be taken to check the dropout rates. There is no denying the fact that education of girls have made considerable progress in almost every aspect, but they still have to struggle against many handicaps and social evils in the male dominated society. The study found that there are 222 children in the age group of 06-14 years who are out of school from a single education zone. Taking this thing into consideration it seems a dream to achieve 100% literacy rate at elementary level if time bound steps are not taken to solve this problem. Hence, the study will help all stakeholders to become aware of the present situation and issues prevailing in the education zone Khag and can play an active role in solving these problems effectively and fruitfully. ","PeriodicalId":142446,"journal":{"name":"IARS' International Research Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126131389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.186
R. Yadav
Absenteeism from classrooms amongst students is an international problem that does not only affect Indian students. This research is focuses on absentees of student in class and score and has been carried out by using linear regression analysis. Linear regression analysis is one of excellent method of machine learning. The descriptive, student's t-test, Pearson correlation, and regression models were used in this study's statistical analysis. According to the results of this study, there are considerable variations between absentees and score (t-test=-4.06075, p < 0.05). The study also discovered that absenteeism from class had a negative link with the score (r = -0.6088) . To investigate the impact of class absentees on student score, a regression model was created. This study will benefit both the college administration and the students by raising awareness of the disadvantages of not attending classes.
学生旷课是一个国际问题，不仅影响印度学生。本研究主要针对学生的缺课情况和缺课成绩，采用线性回归分析的方法进行研究。线性回归分析是一种很好的机器学习方法。本研究采用描述性、学生t检验、Pearson相关及回归模型进行统计分析。根据本研究的结果，缺勤与成绩之间存在相当大的差异(t-test=-4.06075, p < 0.05)。研究还发现，课堂缺勤与分数呈负相关(r = -0.6088)。为了研究缺课对学生成绩的影响，我们建立了一个回归模型。这项研究将提高人们对不上课的弊端的认识，对学院管理和学生都有好处。
{"title":"A Study of Relationship to Absentees and Score Using Machine Learning Method: A Case Study of Linear Regression Analysis","authors":"R. Yadav","doi":"10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.186","url":null,"abstract":"Absenteeism from classrooms amongst students is an international problem that does not only affect Indian students. This research is focuses on absentees of student in class and score and has been carried out by using linear regression analysis. Linear regression analysis is one of excellent method of machine learning. The descriptive, student's t-test, Pearson correlation, and regression models were used in this study's statistical analysis. According to the results of this study, there are considerable variations between absentees and score (t-test=-4.06075, p < 0.05). The study also discovered that absenteeism from class had a negative link with the score (r = -0.6088) . To investigate the impact of class absentees on student score, a regression model was created. This study will benefit both the college administration and the students by raising awareness of the disadvantages of not attending classes.","PeriodicalId":142446,"journal":{"name":"IARS' International Research Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133737628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.177
Naga Siri Kavuru, Shanmuganadan Krishnan
Complex regional pain syndrome is a disorder which is identified by clinical diagnosis. It causes immense disability after a neurological insult. It also impacts the psychological behavior of the patient. A clear history taking and clinical examination with the previous underlining muscular skeleton disorder helps in the diagnosis. The recent advancements in the management of this syndrome helped us in diagnosis and treat of our patient.
{"title":"Unusual Presentation of Musculoskeleton Pain","authors":"Naga Siri Kavuru, Shanmuganadan Krishnan","doi":"10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v12i01.2022.177","url":null,"abstract":"Complex regional pain syndrome is a disorder which is identified by clinical diagnosis. It causes immense disability after a neurological insult. It also impacts the psychological behavior of the patient. A clear history taking and clinical examination with the previous underlining muscular skeleton disorder helps in the diagnosis. The recent advancements in the management of this syndrome helped us in diagnosis and treat of our patient.","PeriodicalId":142446,"journal":{"name":"IARS' International Research Journal","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124590907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-29DOI: 10.51611/iars.irj.v11i2.2021.172
F. Chibás Ortiz, V. Yarnykh, Emmnauel Komi Kounakou
The main objective of this article is to show the opportunities that can open up for African cities from the UNESCO MIL Cities approach. The methodology used was the theoretical-practical based on the bibliographical review and the narrative of the authors' experiences. MIL Cities is a UNESCO framework that speaks of the need to build or reform urban spaces so that they use new technologies but using them ethically and respectfully for vulnerable groups, transcending cultural barriers to communication and contributing to the objectives of the 2030 agenda. The article has three parts. The first part insists on the definition of the MIL Cities concept, its origin and the preliminary work that has been done to support its implementation. An exhaustive explanation is given of the 13 Indicators and 252 metrics of MIL Cities published by Chibás Ortiz and other authors. The creation of the UNESCO World Network of MIL Cities is discussed. The second part explains the role of metrics in the evaluation of MIL projects in towns and cities. This second part focuses also on the practical implementation strategies and cases deployed to spread the concept and its objectives. A particular emphasis is placed on the various webinars organized and their format though the whole world. This part summarizes actions and events taken to promote the initiative. The third part focuses on the Latin America & Africa MIL Cities initiative. In this last section, the article focuses on the launch of the project and on the objectives to be achieved to develop MIL Cities in Africa. It highlights the countries involved in the project launch activities, the promotional strategies to be deployed to disseminate the concept to all countries on the continent. It is concluded that the MIL Cities framework opens up new possibilities for the growth and development for African cities.
{"title":"UNESCO MIL Cities Network As Opportunity for Development in Africa","authors":"F. Chibás Ortiz, V. Yarnykh, Emmnauel Komi Kounakou","doi":"10.51611/iars.irj.v11i2.2021.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v11i2.2021.172","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this article is to show the opportunities that can open up for African cities from the UNESCO MIL Cities approach. The methodology used was the theoretical-practical based on the bibliographical review and the narrative of the authors' experiences. MIL Cities is a UNESCO framework that speaks of the need to build or reform urban spaces so that they use new technologies but using them ethically and respectfully for vulnerable groups, transcending cultural barriers to communication and contributing to the objectives of the 2030 agenda. The article has three parts. The first part insists on the definition of the MIL Cities concept, its origin and the preliminary work that has been done to support its implementation. An exhaustive explanation is given of the 13 Indicators and 252 metrics of MIL Cities published by Chibás Ortiz and other authors. The creation of the UNESCO World Network of MIL Cities is discussed. The second part explains the role of metrics in the evaluation of MIL projects in towns and cities. This second part focuses also on the practical implementation strategies and cases deployed to spread the concept and its objectives. A particular emphasis is placed on the various webinars organized and their format though the whole world. This part summarizes actions and events taken to promote the initiative. The third part focuses on the Latin America & Africa MIL Cities initiative. In this last section, the article focuses on the launch of the project and on the objectives to be achieved to develop MIL Cities in Africa. It highlights the countries involved in the project launch activities, the promotional strategies to be deployed to disseminate the concept to all countries on the continent. It is concluded that the MIL Cities framework opens up new possibilities for the growth and development for African cities.","PeriodicalId":142446,"journal":{"name":"IARS' International Research Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123357969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：