Anna Carolina Rye Sato Kimura, José Alcides Almeida de Arruda, Victor Zanetti Drumond, Paulo Antônio Martins-Júnior, Ricardo Alves Mesquita, Lucas Guimarães Abreu
Background
Mouth breathing may lead to changes in the oral cavity.
Aim
To compare dental caries and periodontal outcomes in children and adolescents with and without mouth breathing.
Design
This systematic review, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024536891), included the following: Population: children and adolescents; Exposure: mouth breathing; Comparison: non-mouth breathing; Outcome: dental caries and periodontal/gingival conditions; Study design: observational studies. Electronic searches were conducted in five databases. Risk of bias was appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Results
Of the 838 records identified, 11 cross-sectional studies were included. The studies showed low bias in exposure, outcomes, and statistical analyses, though few met criteria for non-response and sample size adequacy. Individuals with mouth breathing exhibited increased gingival bleeding, plaque accumulation, and gingival alterations. Associations with dental caries were observed for initial lesions and for ICDAS scores 5 and 6.
Conclusion
Mouth breathing in children and adolescents might be associated with gingival outcomes and plaque accumulation. Regarding dental caries, limited evidence suggests that the association is confined to initial and advanced lesions.
{"title":"Dental Caries and Periodontal Outcomes in Mouth-Breathing Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review","authors":"Anna Carolina Rye Sato Kimura, José Alcides Almeida de Arruda, Victor Zanetti Drumond, Paulo Antônio Martins-Júnior, Ricardo Alves Mesquita, Lucas Guimarães Abreu","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mouth breathing may lead to changes in the oral cavity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare dental caries and periodontal outcomes in children and adolescents with and without mouth breathing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024536891), included the following: <i>Population</i>: children and adolescents; <i>Exposure</i>: mouth breathing; <i>Comparison</i>: non-mouth breathing; <i>Outcome</i>: dental caries and periodontal/gingival conditions; <i>Study design</i>: observational studies. Electronic searches were conducted in five databases. Risk of bias was appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 838 records identified, 11 cross-sectional studies were included. The studies showed low bias in exposure, outcomes, and statistical analyses, though few met criteria for non-response and sample size adequacy. Individuals with mouth breathing exhibited increased gingival bleeding, plaque accumulation, and gingival alterations. Associations with dental caries were observed for initial lesions and for ICDAS scores 5 and 6.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mouth breathing in children and adolescents might be associated with gingival outcomes and plaque accumulation. Regarding dental caries, limited evidence suggests that the association is confined to initial and advanced lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fengjiao Yang, Chunmei Li, Jingwen Yang, Guangtai Song
Background
The Ekman-Westborg and Julin (E-WJ) trait is a rare multiple dental morphology anomaly characterized by macrodontia, multituberculate features, dens evaginates, and invaginates without associated systemic anomalies.
Conclusion
We reported a Chinese adolescent diagnosed with the E-WJ trait and reviewed historical cases.
背景：Ekman-Westborg and Julin （E-WJ）特征是一种罕见的多牙形态异常，其特征为大牙，多结节特征，齿外翻和内陷，无相关的全身异常。结论：我们报告了一名中国青少年被诊断为E-WJ特征并回顾了历史病例。
{"title":"Application of a Modified Hemisection for Macrodontia Central Incisors in a Variant of the Ekman-Westborg and Julin Trait: A Case Report","authors":"Fengjiao Yang, Chunmei Li, Jingwen Yang, Guangtai Song","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70021","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Ekman-Westborg and Julin (E-WJ) trait is a rare multiple dental morphology anomaly characterized by macrodontia, multituberculate features, dens evaginates, and invaginates without associated systemic anomalies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We reported a Chinese adolescent diagnosed with the E-WJ trait and reviewed historical cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We appreciate the academic engagement expressed in the Letter to the Editor regarding our study titled “Do the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pediatric Dentistry Meet the Quality Standards? A Meta-Research and Quality Appraisal Using the AGREE II Tool”. We acknowledge our shared commitment to enhancing the reporting quality and methodological rigor of Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) to ensure their validity, transparency, and reproducibility, ultimately benefiting researchers, stakeholders and clinicians. In this spirit, we welcome the opportunity to address key points related to the letter.
Additionally, we recognize the need for greater precision in the terminology of evidence-based documents. This challenge has also been acknowledged in the medical field, as discussed by Aleksovska et al. (2021) [4] in their analysis of the distinctions between clinical practice guidelines and other types of evidence-based documents.
Our study was explicitly designed as meta-research, an interdisciplinary approach to researching research itself, with the aim of ensuring the transparency and methodological rigor of the evaluated documents—rather than assessing the validity of their recommendations. This intent was clearly stated in our final considerations, where we emphasized the need to raise awareness and improve future Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs). We underscored the importance of adhering to reporting guidelines in CPG development to enhance transparency and maximize their benefit to the broader community.
The Letter to the Editor raises concerns about the distinction between reporting quality and methodological rigor, particularly arguing that the AGREE II tool is intended to assess reporting rather than methodology. However, AGREE II explicitly includes Domain 3: Rigor of Development, which evaluates key methodological aspects such as systematic evidence searches, the strength of recommendations, criteria for selecting evidence, and stakeholder involvement. This domain ensures that guidelines adhere to robust methodological standards and helps mitigate potential biases.
Additionally, the Letter to the Editor questioned the clarity of reporting regarding the 15 guidelines older than 10 years and their respective organizations. However, this information is explicitly detailed in File S3 in our primary publication, which provides a comprehensive table classifying all included guidelines by organization, along with their titles and publication years. This ensures that guidelines older than 10 years can be clearly identified.
We agree with the authors of the Letter to the Editor that CPGs are generally recommended to be updated every 5 years, and we acknowledge that a direct comparison between guidelines published in the last 5 years and earlier ones could be a valuable avenue for future research. However, we also recognize that updates may not always be necessary in the absence of substantial new evi
{"title":"Reply to: Letter to the Editor on the Paper: “Do the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pediatric Dentistry Meet the Quality Standards?”","authors":"Rokaia Ahmed Elagami, Caroline Marino Laux, Tamara Kerber Tedesco, Thais Gimenez Cóvos, Mariana Minatel Braga, Fausto Medeiros Mendes, Maximiliano Sérgio Cenci, Daniela Prócida Raggio","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We appreciate the academic engagement expressed in the Letter to the Editor regarding our study titled “Do the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pediatric Dentistry Meet the Quality Standards? A Meta-Research and Quality Appraisal Using the AGREE II Tool”. We acknowledge our shared commitment to enhancing the reporting quality and methodological rigor of Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) to ensure their validity, transparency, and reproducibility, ultimately benefiting researchers, stakeholders and clinicians. In this spirit, we welcome the opportunity to address key points related to the letter.</p><p>Additionally, we recognize the need for greater precision in the terminology of evidence-based documents. This challenge has also been acknowledged in the medical field, as discussed by Aleksovska et al. (2021) [<span>4</span>] in their analysis of the distinctions between clinical practice guidelines and other types of evidence-based documents.</p><p>Our study was explicitly designed as meta-research, an interdisciplinary approach to researching research itself, with the aim of ensuring the transparency and methodological rigor of the evaluated documents—rather than assessing the validity of their recommendations. This intent was clearly stated in our final considerations, where we emphasized the need to raise awareness and improve future Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs). We underscored the importance of adhering to reporting guidelines in CPG development to enhance transparency and maximize their benefit to the broader community.</p><p>The Letter to the Editor raises concerns about the distinction between reporting quality and methodological rigor, particularly arguing that the AGREE II tool is intended to assess reporting rather than methodology. However, AGREE II explicitly includes Domain 3: Rigor of Development, which evaluates key methodological aspects such as systematic evidence searches, the strength of recommendations, criteria for selecting evidence, and stakeholder involvement. This domain ensures that guidelines adhere to robust methodological standards and helps mitigate potential biases.</p><p>Additionally, the Letter to the Editor questioned the clarity of reporting regarding the 15 guidelines older than 10 years and their respective organizations. However, this information is explicitly detailed in File S3 in our primary publication, which provides a comprehensive table classifying all included guidelines by organization, along with their titles and publication years. This ensures that guidelines older than 10 years can be clearly identified.</p><p>We agree with the authors of the Letter to the Editor that CPGs are generally recommended to be updated every 5 years, and we acknowledge that a direct comparison between guidelines published in the last 5 years and earlier ones could be a valuable avenue for future research. However, we also recognize that updates may not always be necessary in the absence of substantial new evi","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"35 6","pages":"1023-1025"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ipd.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leonardo Essado Rios, Maria do Carmo Matias Freire
Background
The need for dental treatment among adolescents can be assessed based on their self-perception.
Aim
To estimate the prevalence of self-perceived dental treatment need (SPDTN) among adolescent students and associated factors.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Midwest Brazil. The participants were adolescents (N = 3034) aged 13–19 from 14 public schools. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were estimated using binary logistic regression with a hierarchical approach.
Results
SPDTN was reported by 41.4% of the sample. Older adolescents were more likely to have SPDTN than younger ones (OR = 1.14). Those who self-rated their oral health negatively had 3.92 greater odds of having SPDTN than those who rated it positively. [Correction added on 27 September 2025, after first online publication: The sentence “Those who self-rated their oral health negatively had 3.92 times greater odds of having SPDTN than those who rated it positively” was changed in this version.] SPDTN was directly associated with negative perceptions of dental appearance (OR = 2.97), chewing (OR = 1.80) and relationships with others affected by oral health (OR = 1.59). Moreover, SPDTN was associated with adolescents reporting toothache (OR = 1.78) and bleeding gums (OR = 1.41). High consumption of sweets and going to the dentist due to a toothache instead of periodic examinations increased the odds of SPDTN by 1.46 and 2.36, respectively.
Conclusions
The prevalence of SPDTN among adolescents was high and associated with negative perceptions regarding their oral health, unhealthy behaviours and older age.
{"title":"Self-Perceived Need for Dental Treatment Among Brazilian Adolescent Students: Associations With Self-Perceptions of Oral Health, Related Behaviours and Sociodemographic Factors","authors":"Leonardo Essado Rios, Maria do Carmo Matias Freire","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The need for dental treatment among adolescents can be assessed based on their self-perception.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To estimate the prevalence of self-perceived dental treatment need (SPDTN) among adolescent students and associated factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Midwest Brazil. The participants were adolescents (<i>N</i> = 3034) aged 13–19 from 14 public schools. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were estimated using binary logistic regression with a hierarchical approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SPDTN was reported by 41.4% of the sample. Older adolescents were more likely to have SPDTN than younger ones (OR = 1.14). Those who self-rated their oral health negatively had 3.92 greater odds of having SPDTN than those who rated it positively. [Correction added on 27 September 2025, after first online publication: The sentence “Those who self-rated their oral health negatively had 3.92 times greater odds of having SPDTN than those who rated it positively” was changed in this version.] SPDTN was directly associated with negative perceptions of dental appearance (OR = 2.97), chewing (OR = 1.80) and relationships with others affected by oral health (OR = 1.59). Moreover, SPDTN was associated with adolescents reporting toothache (OR = 1.78) and bleeding gums (OR = 1.41). High consumption of sweets and going to the dentist due to a toothache instead of periodic examinations increased the odds of SPDTN by 1.46 and 2.36, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of SPDTN among adolescents was high and associated with negative perceptions regarding their oral health, unhealthy behaviours and older age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"35 6","pages":"1162-1171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ipd.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annmari Hyppänen, Fanny Mussalo, Johanna Snäll, Heikki Alapulli, Eija Salmela
Background
Children receiving dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) often have odontogenic infections (OIs). Early detection and treatment of patients at risk of OIs can improve oral health and prevent early tooth extractions.
Aim
To investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and predictive factors of OIs in children receiving dental treatment under GA.
Design
This retrospective study included children (< 16 years) receiving GA dental treatment at New Children's Hospital in Helsinki, Finland. The associations between predictor variables and OI were evaluated through logistic regression analyses. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.
Results
Of 1089 patients, 352 (32%) had signs of OI. The most common infection findings were fistula (59%) and abscess formation (36%). Primary teeth were involved in 96% of cases. Severe odontogenic infections were rare (3%). The odds of OIs were significantly higher among girls compared to boys (OR = 1.346; 95% CI: 1.043–1.737; p = 0.022). Patients with previous GA dental treatment, neurodevelopmental disorders, chronic diseases, or intellectual disabilities had fewer OIs.
Conclusion
OIs are common in patients undergoing dental treatment under GA, with nearly one-third having findings of infections. However, severe OIs are rare in children. Girls have OIs more often than boys, which should be taken into consideration by dentists.
{"title":"Prevalence, Characteristics, and Predictive Factors of Dentoalveolar and Spreading Odontogenic Infections in Children Treated Under General Anaesthesia","authors":"Annmari Hyppänen, Fanny Mussalo, Johanna Snäll, Heikki Alapulli, Eija Salmela","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70020","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children receiving dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) often have odontogenic infections (OIs). Early detection and treatment of patients at risk of OIs can improve oral health and prevent early tooth extractions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and predictive factors of OIs in children receiving dental treatment under GA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study included children (< 16 years) receiving GA dental treatment at New Children's Hospital in Helsinki, Finland. The associations between predictor variables and OI were evaluated through logistic regression analyses. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 1089 patients, 352 (32%) had signs of OI. The most common infection findings were fistula (59%) and abscess formation (36%). Primary teeth were involved in 96% of cases. Severe odontogenic infections were rare (3%). The odds of OIs were significantly higher among girls compared to boys (OR = 1.346; 95% CI: 1.043–1.737; <i>p</i> = 0.022). Patients with previous GA dental treatment, neurodevelopmental disorders, chronic diseases, or intellectual disabilities had fewer OIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>OIs are common in patients undergoing dental treatment under GA, with nearly one-third having findings of infections. However, severe OIs are rare in children. Girls have OIs more often than boys, which should be taken into consideration by dentists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ipd.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children is a growing health concern, with dentists playing a key role in early detection.
Aim
This cross-sectional study evaluates the FAIREST-6 screening tool for identifying SDB and associated orofacial dysfunctions during mixed dentition and examines its relationship with orthodontic parameters and body mass index (BMI).
Design
The study included 100 children from Marmara University. SDB was assessed using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), while FAIREST-6, the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), and Angle's classification were used for clinical evaluations. BMI was calculated, and statistical analyses were performed with SPSS.
Results
FAIREST-6 scores were significantly associated with SDB (p < 0.001) but not with IOTN (p = 0.053). However, IOTN scores correlated with SDSC (p = 0.033), suggesting a link between malocclusion severity and sleep disturbances. BMI varied significantly across FAIREST-6 scores (p = 0.002), indicating a relationship between obesity and airway issues. No significant differences were found based on gender or age (p > 0.050).
Conclusion
FAIREST-6 shows potential as a screening tool for SDB and related orofacial dysfunctions in children. Further research is needed to validate its clinical use and explore its role in assessing SDB, malocclusion, and BMI.
背景：儿童睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）是一个日益受到关注的健康问题，牙医在早期发现中起着关键作用。目的：本横断面研究评估FAIREST-6筛查工具在混合牙列中识别SDB和相关的口面部功能障碍，并研究其与正畸参数和体重指数（BMI）的关系。设计：该研究包括来自马尔马拉大学的100名儿童。采用儿童睡眠障碍量表（SDSC）评估SDB，临床采用FAIREST-6、Orthodontic Treatment Need Index （IOTN）、Angle’s classification进行评估。计算BMI，用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果：FAIREST-6评分与SDB有显著相关性（p 0.050）。结论：FAIREST-6有潜力作为儿童SDB和相关口面部功能障碍的筛查工具。需要进一步的研究来验证其临床应用，并探讨其在评估SDB、错颌合和BMI中的作用。
{"title":"FAIREST-6 as a Screening Tool for Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Orthodontic Needs, and BMI in Children During the Mixed Dentition Period","authors":"Çağla Kondoz Torun, Başak Durmuş","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children is a growing health concern, with dentists playing a key role in early detection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study evaluates the FAIREST-6 screening tool for identifying SDB and associated orofacial dysfunctions during mixed dentition and examines its relationship with orthodontic parameters and body mass index (BMI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 100 children from Marmara University. SDB was assessed using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), while FAIREST-6, the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), and Angle's classification were used for clinical evaluations. BMI was calculated, and statistical analyses were performed with SPSS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FAIREST-6 scores were significantly associated with SDB (<i>p</i> < 0.001) but not with IOTN (<i>p</i> = 0.053). However, IOTN scores correlated with SDSC (<i>p</i> = 0.033), suggesting a link between malocclusion severity and sleep disturbances. BMI varied significantly across FAIREST-6 scores (<i>p</i> = 0.002), indicating a relationship between obesity and airway issues. No significant differences were found based on gender or age (<i>p</i> > 0.050).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FAIREST-6 shows potential as a screening tool for SDB and related orofacial dysfunctions in children. Further research is needed to validate its clinical use and explore its role in assessing SDB, malocclusion, and BMI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"35 6","pages":"1153-1161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Having a migrant background has been associated with poorer oral health literacy, and higher rates of caries have been found in migrant children. The evidence for adolescents from a migrant background is mixed, however, and there is a lack of longitudinal studies.
Aim
To compare the rating of oral health, oral health behaviors, access to, and utilization of dental services between non Irish-born (migrant) children and Irish-born children over time.
Design
Data was compared at four waves of the Growing up in Ireland National Longitudinal Study of Children (2008–2020) aged nine at Wave 1 (n = 8568). Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of not receiving treatment at age 17/18 and poor oral health at age 20.
Results
We found no evidence of major differences in oral health, oral health behaviors, access to and utilization of dental services between migrant children and Irish-born children over time. Evidence of persisting socio-economic disparities was found in both receipt of treatment and self-rated oral health in the general population.
Conclusion
Our results highlight the need for universal health coverage for oral health to avoid inequalities in oral health status and access to and use of oral health services.
{"title":"Oral Health of Migrant Children Over Time: A Longitudinal Cohort Study in Ireland","authors":"Nagla A. HagOmer, Ailish Hannigan","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Having a migrant background has been associated with poorer oral health literacy, and higher rates of caries have been found in migrant children. The evidence for adolescents from a migrant background is mixed, however, and there is a lack of longitudinal studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare the rating of oral health, oral health behaviors, access to, and utilization of dental services between non Irish-born (migrant) children and Irish-born children over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data was compared at four waves of the Growing up in Ireland National Longitudinal Study of Children (2008–2020) aged nine at Wave 1 (<i>n</i> = 8568). Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of not receiving treatment at age 17/18 and poor oral health at age 20.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found no evidence of major differences in oral health, oral health behaviors, access to and utilization of dental services between migrant children and Irish-born children over time. Evidence of persisting socio-economic disparities was found in both receipt of treatment and self-rated oral health in the general population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results highlight the need for universal health coverage for oral health to avoid inequalities in oral health status and access to and use of oral health services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"35 6","pages":"1144-1152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ipd.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144642549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Odontogenic infections (OIs) can cause premature tooth loss in children and may lead to serious complications requiring hospitalization.
Aim
To assess the clinical characteristics, management approaches, and factors influencing the duration of hospitalization in pediatric patients with OIs requiring inpatient care.
Design
This retrospective study analyzed medical records of patients aged 0–12 years admitted to the emergency department (ED) between 2019 and 2021 with extra-oral swelling of odontogenic origin. Collected data included patient demographics, medical history, OI site, treatment received, and length of hospital stay (LOS).
Results
A total of 153 children admitted to the ED, with a mean age of 7.07 ± 2.4 years, were diagnosed with odontogenic-related extra-oral swelling. The median time to definitive treatment after admission was 1 day, and the average LOS was 2.67 ± 1.5 days. Hospitalization exceeding 2 days was significantly associated with delayed definitive treatment initiation (> 24 h postadmission) and elevated white blood cell (WBC) counts at admission. Infections involving permanent teeth, particularly in children over 6 years old, were also linked to longer LOS.
Conclusion
Delayed definitive treatment timing, permanent dentition, and elevated WBC count were significantly associated with the LOS in children with OIs. These findings emphasize the importance of early intervention to minimize LOS.
{"title":"Management of Pediatric Odontogenic Infections Presenting to the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Clinical Study","authors":"Kholoud Fahoum, Jomana Hassan, Aaya Shahin, Liora Costa, Fares Nasralla, Samer Srouji, Mervat Khoury Absawi","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Odontogenic infections (OIs) can cause premature tooth loss in children and may lead to serious complications requiring hospitalization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the clinical characteristics, management approaches, and factors influencing the duration of hospitalization in pediatric patients with OIs requiring inpatient care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study analyzed medical records of patients aged 0–12 years admitted to the emergency department (ED) between 2019 and 2021 with extra-oral swelling of odontogenic origin. Collected data included patient demographics, medical history, OI site, treatment received, and length of hospital stay (LOS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 153 children admitted to the ED, with a mean age of 7.07 ± 2.4 years, were diagnosed with odontogenic-related extra-oral swelling. The median time to definitive treatment after admission was 1 day, and the average LOS was 2.67 ± 1.5 days. Hospitalization exceeding 2 days was significantly associated with delayed definitive treatment initiation (> 24 h postadmission) and elevated white blood cell (WBC) counts at admission. Infections involving permanent teeth, particularly in children over 6 years old, were also linked to longer LOS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Delayed definitive treatment timing, permanent dentition, and elevated WBC count were significantly associated with the LOS in children with OIs. These findings emphasize the importance of early intervention to minimize LOS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"35 6","pages":"1133-1143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Reza Mir Mohammadi, Leila Shokrizadeh Arani, Amene Taghdisi Kashani, Siavash Amiri, Ali Mohammad Nickfarjam
Background
VR is an emerging technology in healthcare, including dentistry, where it seeks to enhance patient comfort and treatment outcomes, and provide distraction through creating an immersive environment.
Aim
To assess VR's impact on anxiety in children (6–12 years) during dental treatments with local anesthesia.
Design
In this clinical trial, we assessed anxiety levels in children (6–12 years) undergoing local anesthetic dental procedures using VR animation. Initially, we utilized the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire for patient selection, in which 44 children were recruited, but eight were excluded, leaving 36 participants who were randomly assigned to either a VR group or a control group with no VR (18 participants each). Anxiety was measured using the MCDAS(f) questionnaire, along with heart rate and oxygen saturation.
Results
The results demonstrated that VR significantly reduced anxiety, as reflected in lower MCDAS(f) scores. Moreover, heart rate reductions were notably greater in the VR group compared to the control group (p < 0.001 for both measures), indicating a clear decrease in anxiety.
Conclusions
VR shows promise for reducing dental anxiety and improving treatment outcomes, though additional research is needed to assess its long-term effects. The incorporation of VR in routine pediatric dental care may improve child cooperation and reduce reliance on pharmacological sedation.
{"title":"Evaluating the Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in Reducing Dental Anxiety in Children Aged 6–12: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Mohammad Reza Mir Mohammadi, Leila Shokrizadeh Arani, Amene Taghdisi Kashani, Siavash Amiri, Ali Mohammad Nickfarjam","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>VR is an emerging technology in healthcare, including dentistry, where it seeks to enhance patient comfort and treatment outcomes, and provide distraction through creating an immersive environment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess VR's impact on anxiety in children (6–12 years) during dental treatments with local anesthesia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this clinical trial, we assessed anxiety levels in children (6–12 years) undergoing local anesthetic dental procedures using VR animation. Initially, we utilized the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire for patient selection, in which 44 children were recruited, but eight were excluded, leaving 36 participants who were randomly assigned to either a VR group or a control group with no VR (18 participants each). Anxiety was measured using the MCDAS(f) questionnaire, along with heart rate and oxygen saturation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results demonstrated that VR significantly reduced anxiety, as reflected in lower MCDAS(f) scores. Moreover, heart rate reductions were notably greater in the VR group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for both measures), indicating a clear decrease in anxiety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>VR shows promise for reducing dental anxiety and improving treatment outcomes, though additional research is needed to assess its long-term effects. The incorporation of VR in routine pediatric dental care may improve child cooperation and reduce reliance on pharmacological sedation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"35 6","pages":"1124-1132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mawia Bataineh, Abbas Ayman Al-Skafi, Suhad H. AlJundi
Background
Preoperative anxiety in children undergoing dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) can have detrimental effects on their well-being during and after the procedure.
Aim
To investigate the effectiveness of a preparation video in reducing preoperative anxiety in children.
Design
84 children (4–7 years) with no previous GA experience who required comprehensive dental treatment under GA were randomly divided into two groups. Participants in the study group watched the video the day before the surgery, while the control group received standard care. Anxiety levels were measured using the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS) and Visual Facial Anxiety Scale (VFAS) at different timepoints. Postoperatively, pain and emergence delirium were measured using Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) and Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scales, respectively.
Results
Mean age was 5.29 years (SD = 1.17). Demographics showed no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05). Anxiety levels indicated by m-YPAS, were significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group at all timepoints (p < 0.05). The study group exhibited significantly lower VFAS score means at first and second timepoints. Postoperative measures showed no significant differences between groups. No correlation was found between m-YPAS and FLACC or m-YPAS and PAED. However, a moderate correlation was identified between FLACC and PAED.
Conclusions
The video intervention alleviated preoperative anxiety among children undergoing dental treatment under GA.
{"title":"The Effect of a Preoperative Preparation Video on Preoperative Anxiety Among Children Undergoing Dental Treatment Under General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Mawia Bataineh, Abbas Ayman Al-Skafi, Suhad H. AlJundi","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preoperative anxiety in children undergoing dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) can have detrimental effects on their well-being during and after the procedure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the effectiveness of a preparation video in reducing preoperative anxiety in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>84 children (4–7 years) with no previous GA experience who required comprehensive dental treatment under GA were randomly divided into two groups. Participants in the study group watched the video the day before the surgery, while the control group received standard care. Anxiety levels were measured using the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS) and Visual Facial Anxiety Scale (VFAS) at different timepoints. Postoperatively, pain and emergence delirium were measured using Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) and Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scales, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mean age was 5.29 years (SD = 1.17). Demographics showed no significant differences between groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Anxiety levels indicated by m-YPAS, were significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group at all timepoints (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The study group exhibited significantly lower VFAS score means at first and second timepoints. Postoperative measures showed no significant differences between groups. No correlation was found between m-YPAS and FLACC or m-YPAS and PAED. However, a moderate correlation was identified between FLACC and PAED.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The video intervention alleviated preoperative anxiety among children undergoing dental treatment under GA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"35 6","pages":"1113-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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