Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339407
Xin Li, Yimin D. Zhang, M. Amin
The use of multi-beam antennas has been shown to significantly enhance the network throughput by improving the spatial reuse and coverage. In this paper, we consider both the multi-channel smart antenna (MCSA) and the multiple fixed-beam antennas (MFBA) and evaluate their node throughput performance in a multipath propagation environment based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Realistic array beams, rather than the idealized sector-based models, are used in the performance evaluation. Simulation results show that, in a multipath propagation environment, MFBA suffers from significant node throughput reduction, whereas MCSA benefits from path combining gain and, as such, has a clear advantage over MFBA.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of wireless networks exploiting multi-beam antennas in multipath environments","authors":"Xin Li, Yimin D. Zhang, M. Amin","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339407","url":null,"abstract":"The use of multi-beam antennas has been shown to significantly enhance the network throughput by improving the spatial reuse and coverage. In this paper, we consider both the multi-channel smart antenna (MCSA) and the multiple fixed-beam antennas (MFBA) and evaluate their node throughput performance in a multipath propagation environment based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Realistic array beams, rather than the idealized sector-based models, are used in the performance evaluation. Simulation results show that, in a multipath propagation environment, MFBA suffers from significant node throughput reduction, whereas MCSA benefits from path combining gain and, as such, has a clear advantage over MFBA.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133091031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339441
C. Baker, M. Vespe, G. Jones
In this paper, the principal mechanisms by which bats are assumed to classify targets are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the ways in which bats might extract information from echoes. Classification mechanisms differ fundamentally according to signal design. It is shown how bats design their emitted waveforms according to whether they need to classify on the basis of micro-Doppler or range profile information. Throughout, analogies are made with radar (and sonar) systems, drawing attention to some ways in which engineers might learn from the classification mechanisms proposed for echo locating animals.
{"title":"Target classification by echo locating animals","authors":"C. Baker, M. Vespe, G. Jones","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339441","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the principal mechanisms by which bats are assumed to classify targets are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the ways in which bats might extract information from echoes. Classification mechanisms differ fundamentally according to signal design. It is shown how bats design their emitted waveforms according to whether they need to classify on the basis of micro-Doppler or range profile information. Throughout, analogies are made with radar (and sonar) systems, drawing attention to some ways in which engineers might learn from the classification mechanisms proposed for echo locating animals.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115396304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339421
F. Prodi, E. Tilli
A few hundred MHZ synthetic bandwidth requires the transmission of many (~100) frequency stepped pulses when a small instantaneous bandwidth (<10 MHz) is available. The actual trend in radar imaging is towards wide instantaneous bandwidth (>50 MHz) thanks to improved technology. However the need of retrofit of narrow instantaneous bandwidth to HRR (high range resolution) seems to be still cost effective in the industrial context. In this case the processing time, combined with a large synthetic bandwidth, requires a proper motion compensation of radial target velocity and acceleration. Target kinematics parameters are estimated by minimization of a like-autocorrelation cost function; this technique is capable of detecting minima of aliasing created by uncompensated motion condition. Accuracies are estimated by Monte Carlo simulation and compared to those achievable by entropy and contrast based techniques.
{"title":"Motion compensation for a frequency stepped radar","authors":"F. Prodi, E. Tilli","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339421","url":null,"abstract":"A few hundred MHZ synthetic bandwidth requires the transmission of many (~100) frequency stepped pulses when a small instantaneous bandwidth (<10 MHz) is available. The actual trend in radar imaging is towards wide instantaneous bandwidth (>50 MHz) thanks to improved technology. However the need of retrofit of narrow instantaneous bandwidth to HRR (high range resolution) seems to be still cost effective in the industrial context. In this case the processing time, combined with a large synthetic bandwidth, requires a proper motion compensation of radial target velocity and acceleration. Target kinematics parameters are estimated by minimization of a like-autocorrelation cost function; this technique is capable of detecting minima of aliasing created by uncompensated motion condition. Accuracies are estimated by Monte Carlo simulation and compared to those achievable by entropy and contrast based techniques.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123110680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339408
R. Kannan, Zhiqiang Wu, Shuangqing Wei, V. Chakravarthy, M. Rangaswamy
We formulate an expression for the channel capacity of a soft-decision cognitive network in which cognitive radio transmitters can share spectrum usage with primary users depending on adaptive interference tolerance limits. We consider the problem of capacity maximization in this domain and provide an efficient polynomial time algorithm for cognitive radio power control. Results obtained using this algorithm will be useful in soft-decision spectrum allocation for cognitive radio (CR) transmitters as well as for developing the general analytic enabling waveform for soft-decision CR.
{"title":"Soft-decision cognitive radio power control based on intelligent spectrum sensing","authors":"R. Kannan, Zhiqiang Wu, Shuangqing Wei, V. Chakravarthy, M. Rangaswamy","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339408","url":null,"abstract":"We formulate an expression for the channel capacity of a soft-decision cognitive network in which cognitive radio transmitters can share spectrum usage with primary users depending on adaptive interference tolerance limits. We consider the problem of capacity maximization in this domain and provide an efficient polynomial time algorithm for cognitive radio power control. Results obtained using this algorithm will be useful in soft-decision spectrum allocation for cognitive radio (CR) transmitters as well as for developing the general analytic enabling waveform for soft-decision CR.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127994560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339450
Junhyeong Bae, N. Goodman
This paper compares the performance of two matched-illumination waveform design techniques for distinguishing between M target hypotheses. The waveforms are implemented within a closed-loop, sequential-testing framework. In contrast to our earlier work, in this paper the target hypotheses are statistically characterized by power spectral densities. Thus, the waveforms are matched to the target class rather than to individual target realizations. As the class probabilities change in response to received data, the waveforms are adapted, which leads to faster decisions.
{"title":"Adaptive waveforms for target class discrimination","authors":"Junhyeong Bae, N. Goodman","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339450","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares the performance of two matched-illumination waveform design techniques for distinguishing between M target hypotheses. The waveforms are implemented within a closed-loop, sequential-testing framework. In contrast to our earlier work, in this paper the target hypotheses are statistically characterized by power spectral densities. Thus, the waveforms are matched to the target class rather than to individual target realizations. As the class probabilities change in response to received data, the waveforms are adapted, which leads to faster decisions.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121163205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339409
R. Salters, C.L. Beeler
In this paper, a novel approach to defining signal propagation through a relay node in a three-node, indoor impulse-ultra-wideband (I-UWB) system is described. The approach described herein uses stochastic and statistical methods for signal recognition and relay to increase the I-UWB system range, data transmission rates and quality. In the three-node I-UWB system model presented here, IR2 is defined as a relay node. Through the stochastic techniques of the Fokker-Planck equation and percolation theory using a Cayley tree, we are able to model a relay node that processes very fast with a high degree of accuracy. Such a system of relay nodes could be deployed to extend a UWB network range indefinitely.
{"title":"A Fokker-Planck equation and percolation theory based relay node for I-UWB networks","authors":"R. Salters, C.L. Beeler","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339409","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel approach to defining signal propagation through a relay node in a three-node, indoor impulse-ultra-wideband (I-UWB) system is described. The approach described herein uses stochastic and statistical methods for signal recognition and relay to increase the I-UWB system range, data transmission rates and quality. In the three-node I-UWB system model presented here, IR2 is defined as a relay node. Through the stochastic techniques of the Fokker-Planck equation and percolation theory using a Cayley tree, we are able to model a relay node that processes very fast with a high degree of accuracy. Such a system of relay nodes could be deployed to extend a UWB network range indefinitely.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121366081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339412
L. Falk
Radar seeking missiles present a serious threat towards ships and aircraft. In cross-eye jamming a missile seeker is deflected by signals from two onboard antennas transmitting out of phase with signals of nearly equal strength. The limits on cross-eye performance imposed by scattering have been studied when scattering takes place far from the propagation path. It will be shown that a digital cross-eye system with several antenna units can be seriously affected by scattering from sea waves and terrain.
{"title":"Cross-eye jamming of monopulse radar","authors":"L. Falk","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339412","url":null,"abstract":"Radar seeking missiles present a serious threat towards ships and aircraft. In cross-eye jamming a missile seeker is deflected by signals from two onboard antennas transmitting out of phase with signals of nearly equal strength. The limits on cross-eye performance imposed by scattering have been studied when scattering takes place far from the propagation path. It will be shown that a digital cross-eye system with several antenna units can be seriously affected by scattering from sea waves and terrain.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116897947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339432
I. Bradaric, G. Capraro, M. Wicks, P. Zulch
The multistatic ambiguity function has recently been used as a tool for analyzing multistatic radar systems. It was demonstrated that the multistatic ambiguity function with proper analytical foundation and corresponding graphic representation can serve as a guideline for developing multistatic radar signal processing rules. In this work we use this newly developed approach to combine optimal selection of weights for fusing signals from multiple receivers with waveform selection strategies in order to meet desired performance goals. We consider configurations with multiple receivers and one transmitter and demonstrate through examples that multistatic system performances can be significantly improved when selection of system parameters is based on shaping of the multistatic ambiguity function. This approach promises to be beneficial especially in scenarios with rapidly changing geometries, such as when the transmitter and/or receivers are moving, and when waveform diversity is applied, since the classical detection theory does not take into account the system geometry and waveform shape.
{"title":"Signal processing and waveform selection strategies in multistatic radar systems","authors":"I. Bradaric, G. Capraro, M. Wicks, P. Zulch","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339432","url":null,"abstract":"The multistatic ambiguity function has recently been used as a tool for analyzing multistatic radar systems. It was demonstrated that the multistatic ambiguity function with proper analytical foundation and corresponding graphic representation can serve as a guideline for developing multistatic radar signal processing rules. In this work we use this newly developed approach to combine optimal selection of weights for fusing signals from multiple receivers with waveform selection strategies in order to meet desired performance goals. We consider configurations with multiple receivers and one transmitter and demonstrate through examples that multistatic system performances can be significantly improved when selection of system parameters is based on shaping of the multistatic ambiguity function. This approach promises to be beneficial especially in scenarios with rapidly changing geometries, such as when the transmitter and/or receivers are moving, and when waveform diversity is applied, since the classical detection theory does not take into account the system geometry and waveform shape.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127145315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339460
S. Coraluppi, C. Carthel, D. Hughes, A. Baldacci, M. Micheli
This paper extends the NURC distributed multi-hypothesis tracking technology to include Doppler sensitive (CW) processing. The assessment of the value-added of CW processing in automated undersea detection and tracking is ongoing.
{"title":"Multi-waveform active sonar tracking","authors":"S. Coraluppi, C. Carthel, D. Hughes, A. Baldacci, M. Micheli","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339460","url":null,"abstract":"This paper extends the NURC distributed multi-hypothesis tracking technology to include Doppler sensitive (CW) processing. The assessment of the value-added of CW processing in automated undersea detection and tracking is ongoing.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126781109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339436
Z. Tian, G. Leus, V. Lottici
In the context of cognitive radio (CR) networks, this paper develops a frequency-agile waveform adaptation technique that dynamically adjusts the spectral shape, power and frequency of transmission waveforms for efficient network spectrum utilization. A general framework is presented based on generalized transmitter and receiver basis functions, which allow to jointly carry out dynamic resource allocation (DRA) and waveform adaptation, two procedures that are traditionally carried out separately. New objective function and cognitive spectral mask constraints are formulated for DRA optimization tailored to CR applications. The joint DRA and waveform adaptation approach permits distributed games in multiple access networks, in which participating CR users optimize their respective local utility functions by taking actions from the action space defined by allowable basis function parameters. It results in not only enhanced radio spectrum resource efficiency due to joint optimization, but also affordable complexity scalable in the network size, by virtue of the distributed game approach adopted.
{"title":"Frequency agile waveform adaptation for cognitive radios","authors":"Z. Tian, G. Leus, V. Lottici","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339436","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of cognitive radio (CR) networks, this paper develops a frequency-agile waveform adaptation technique that dynamically adjusts the spectral shape, power and frequency of transmission waveforms for efficient network spectrum utilization. A general framework is presented based on generalized transmitter and receiver basis functions, which allow to jointly carry out dynamic resource allocation (DRA) and waveform adaptation, two procedures that are traditionally carried out separately. New objective function and cognitive spectral mask constraints are formulated for DRA optimization tailored to CR applications. The joint DRA and waveform adaptation approach permits distributed games in multiple access networks, in which participating CR users optimize their respective local utility functions by taking actions from the action space defined by allowable basis function parameters. It results in not only enhanced radio spectrum resource efficiency due to joint optimization, but also affordable complexity scalable in the network size, by virtue of the distributed game approach adopted.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126569523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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