Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339393
Yilong Lu, D. Tan, Hongbo Sun
This paper presents a summary of the hardware system design and associate signal processing schemes of a multi-channel GSM based passive radar and most importantly presents new experimental results to demonstrate the multichannel GSM based passive radar ability to detect and track the Doppler frequency of aircraft target as well as measure the aircraft target bearing.
{"title":"Air target detection and tracking using a multi-channel GSM based passive radar","authors":"Yilong Lu, D. Tan, Hongbo Sun","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339393","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a summary of the hardware system design and associate signal processing schemes of a multi-channel GSM based passive radar and most importantly presents new experimental results to demonstrate the multichannel GSM based passive radar ability to detect and track the Doppler frequency of aircraft target as well as measure the aircraft target bearing.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121649932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339389
I. Arambasic, F. Quiros, I. Raos
In order to gain diversity and achieve high bit rates, the recent trends in mobile communication industry include the use of multiple antennas in transmitter and at the receiver. As the mobile terminals get smaller, the number of electronic elements inside of them rises and the electronic interferences, like RF coupling, emerge. In this contribution, the coupling is modeled with polynomials limited to third order nonlinear behavior. To combat the multi antenna RF front-end coupling the software module at the output of AD converter is proposed. Inside the module, signal enhancement is achieved based on the inverse nonlinear coupling function of the 9th degree. The inverse function is solved using simulated annealing (SA) approximation method. The proposed coupling cancellation algorithm is analyzed under different system conditions showing excellent coupling cancellation characteristics.
{"title":"Improvement of multiple antennas diversity systems through receiver nonlinear coupling cancellation","authors":"I. Arambasic, F. Quiros, I. Raos","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339389","url":null,"abstract":"In order to gain diversity and achieve high bit rates, the recent trends in mobile communication industry include the use of multiple antennas in transmitter and at the receiver. As the mobile terminals get smaller, the number of electronic elements inside of them rises and the electronic interferences, like RF coupling, emerge. In this contribution, the coupling is modeled with polynomials limited to third order nonlinear behavior. To combat the multi antenna RF front-end coupling the software module at the output of AD converter is proposed. Inside the module, signal enhancement is achieved based on the inverse nonlinear coupling function of the 9th degree. The inverse function is solved using simulated annealing (SA) approximation method. The proposed coupling cancellation algorithm is analyzed under different system conditions showing excellent coupling cancellation characteristics.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122999375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339373
P. Drexler, P. Fiala
There are some suitable methods for the measurement of ultra-short solitary electromagnetic pulses that can be generated by high power pulsed generators. The measurement methods properties have to correspond to the fact whether we want to measure pulses of voltage, current or free-space electromagnetic wave. The need for specific measurement methods occured by the development of high power microwave pulse generator [1]. Applicable methods are presented in this paper. The method utilizing Faraday's induction law allows the measurement of generated current. For the same purpose the magneto-optic method can be utilized, with its advantages. For measurement of output microwave pulse of the generator, the calorimetric method was designed and realized.
{"title":"Methods for high power EM pulse measurement","authors":"P. Drexler, P. Fiala","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339373","url":null,"abstract":"There are some suitable methods for the measurement of ultra-short solitary electromagnetic pulses that can be generated by high power pulsed generators. The measurement methods properties have to correspond to the fact whether we want to measure pulses of voltage, current or free-space electromagnetic wave. The need for specific measurement methods occured by the development of high power microwave pulse generator [1]. Applicable methods are presented in this paper. The method utilizing Faraday's induction law allows the measurement of generated current. For the same purpose the magneto-optic method can be utilized, with its advantages. For measurement of output microwave pulse of the generator, the calorimetric method was designed and realized.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131688188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339403
A. Aissaoui, Z. Hammoudi, A. Farrouki
In this paper, we present an adaptive PN code acquisition scheme using automatic censoring to suppress the multipath replicas in direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) communications. We introduce the problem under consideration and describe the proposed acquisition scheme which employs a serial search strategy and an automatic censored cell averaging CFAR detector based on ordered data variability (ACCA-ODV). The performances are analyzed in frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels. Expressions for the probability of false alarm (PFA) and the mean acquisition time are derived. The performances of the proposed processor are evaluated and compared with those of the conventional adaptive acquisition scheme based on the fixed censoring point detector.
{"title":"Adaptive PN code acquisition using automatic censoring for DS-CDMA communication.","authors":"A. Aissaoui, Z. Hammoudi, A. Farrouki","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339403","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present an adaptive PN code acquisition scheme using automatic censoring to suppress the multipath replicas in direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) communications. We introduce the problem under consideration and describe the proposed acquisition scheme which employs a serial search strategy and an automatic censored cell averaging CFAR detector based on ordered data variability (ACCA-ODV). The performances are analyzed in frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels. Expressions for the probability of false alarm (PFA) and the mean acquisition time are derived. The performances of the proposed processor are evaluated and compared with those of the conventional adaptive acquisition scheme based on the fixed censoring point detector.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114893618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339414
A. De Maio, A. Farina
In this paper we consider the synthesis of radar waveforms in the presence of colored disturbance. We focus on the class of coded pulse trains and determine the best radar codes according to some established optimality criteria. We propose three coding methods. Two of them are based on the maximization of the detection performance under a control on the estimation accuracy of the target Doppler frequency. The third relies on the maximization of the detection performance under a binary constraint on the code alphabet. Two proposed techniques require the solution of non-convex optimization problems which are solved resorting to the theory of relaxation and semidefinite programming. At the analysis stage the performances of the new coding strategies are assessed also in comparison with a standard radar code both in terms of detection probability and target Doppler estimation accuracy. The results show that the proposed techniques may lead to codes whose performances are close to the benchmark curves.
{"title":"Code selection for radar performance optimization","authors":"A. De Maio, A. Farina","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339414","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we consider the synthesis of radar waveforms in the presence of colored disturbance. We focus on the class of coded pulse trains and determine the best radar codes according to some established optimality criteria. We propose three coding methods. Two of them are based on the maximization of the detection performance under a control on the estimation accuracy of the target Doppler frequency. The third relies on the maximization of the detection performance under a binary constraint on the code alphabet. Two proposed techniques require the solution of non-convex optimization problems which are solved resorting to the theory of relaxation and semidefinite programming. At the analysis stage the performances of the new coding strategies are assessed also in comparison with a standard radar code both in terms of detection probability and target Doppler estimation accuracy. The results show that the proposed techniques may lead to codes whose performances are close to the benchmark curves.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123954694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339411
J. Coker, A. Tewfik
We propose a geometry and inversion methods for a multistatic, downlooking SAR mode using simple antennas. The resulting generalized Radon transform takes line integrals over ellipses of changing aspect ratio. We apply the method of approximate inverse to the inversion of this transform and show the results of the numerical inversion.
{"title":"Multistatic SAR image reconstruction based on an elliptical-geometry radon transform","authors":"J. Coker, A. Tewfik","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339411","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a geometry and inversion methods for a multistatic, downlooking SAR mode using simple antennas. The resulting generalized Radon transform takes line integrals over ellipses of changing aspect ratio. We apply the method of approximate inverse to the inversion of this transform and show the results of the numerical inversion.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116848698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339401
D. Mattera, F. Sterle
In this paper, we address the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) imbalance estimation and compensation at the receiver stage of modern communication systems. Low-cost fabrication technologies and high data-rate transmissions render the conventional receivers very sensitive to the imperfections of their analog stage and, hence, proper countermeasures need to be adopted. Since the IQ imbalance can be completely compensated provided that the IQ parameters are known at the receiver stage, in this paper we address the blind estimation of such parameters. According to the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion, we derive the optimum blind estimator for a QAM transmission as well as for a circularly symmetric Gaussian one and, therefore, we evaluate, by means of computer simulations, their performances in terms of mean square estimation error.
{"title":"ML estimation of receiver IQ imbalance parameters","authors":"D. Mattera, F. Sterle","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339401","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we address the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) imbalance estimation and compensation at the receiver stage of modern communication systems. Low-cost fabrication technologies and high data-rate transmissions render the conventional receivers very sensitive to the imperfections of their analog stage and, hence, proper countermeasures need to be adopted. Since the IQ imbalance can be completely compensated provided that the IQ parameters are known at the receiver stage, in this paper we address the blind estimation of such parameters. According to the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion, we derive the optimum blind estimator for a QAM transmission as well as for a circularly symmetric Gaussian one and, therefore, we evaluate, by means of computer simulations, their performances in terms of mean square estimation error.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130101397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339452
Vincent J. Amuso, Jason Enslin
This paper furthers the development of the application of evolutionary computation, specifically genetic algorithms (GAs) to the design of simultaneously transmitted orthogonal waveforms. The goal of the application is to determine a suite of "optimal" waveforms (in the Pareto sense) for a single platform radar system performing multiple radar missions simultaneously. The waveform suite is determined by applying the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm 2 (SPEA2) developed by Zitzler, Laumanns & Theile (2002) to find waveform parameters that successfully realize a set of objectives particular to a variety of radar missions. The objectives to optimize are dictated by the particular missions of interest. The mapping of these objective functions to actual radar performance parameters is used in the SPEA2 algorithm to determine how best to simultaneously perform multiple radar missions such as GMTI, AMTI, SAR etc. using a single radar system in a Pareto optimal sense. Preliminary results are presented for a scaled down multi-mission multi-objective function scenario.
{"title":"The Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 (SPEA2) applied to simultaneous multi- mission waveform design","authors":"Vincent J. Amuso, Jason Enslin","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339452","url":null,"abstract":"This paper furthers the development of the application of evolutionary computation, specifically genetic algorithms (GAs) to the design of simultaneously transmitted orthogonal waveforms. The goal of the application is to determine a suite of \"optimal\" waveforms (in the Pareto sense) for a single platform radar system performing multiple radar missions simultaneously. The waveform suite is determined by applying the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm 2 (SPEA2) developed by Zitzler, Laumanns & Theile (2002) to find waveform parameters that successfully realize a set of objectives particular to a variety of radar missions. The objectives to optimize are dictated by the particular missions of interest. The mapping of these objective functions to actual radar performance parameters is used in the SPEA2 algorithm to determine how best to simultaneously perform multiple radar missions such as GMTI, AMTI, SAR etc. using a single radar system in a Pareto optimal sense. Preliminary results are presented for a scaled down multi-mission multi-objective function scenario.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126742746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339384
Zhe Yang, A. Mohammed, T. Huh, D. Grace
In this paper, we investigate techniques for optimizing the coexistence performance of providing WiMAX (IEEE802.16a) from High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) and terrestrial deployments in shared 3.5 GHz frequency bands are presented. The paper will show that it is effective to provide WiMAX services from HAPs with optimized performance by appropriate choice of parameters, including varying the HAP deployment spacing radius and directive antenna beamwidth based on the adopted antenna models for HAPs and receivers. Illustrations and comparisons of changing the antenna pointing offset, narrowing the transmitting and receiving antenna beamwidth as well as keeping the accepted CINR performance across the HAP coverage area, will demonstrate that that efficiently utilizing these techniques are able to enhance the HAP system performance while effectively coexisting with the terrestrial WiMAX systems.
{"title":"Optimizing downlink coexistence performance of WiMAX services in HAP and terrestrial deployments in shared frequency bands","authors":"Zhe Yang, A. Mohammed, T. Huh, D. Grace","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339384","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate techniques for optimizing the coexistence performance of providing WiMAX (IEEE802.16a) from High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) and terrestrial deployments in shared 3.5 GHz frequency bands are presented. The paper will show that it is effective to provide WiMAX services from HAPs with optimized performance by appropriate choice of parameters, including varying the HAP deployment spacing radius and directive antenna beamwidth based on the adopted antenna models for HAPs and receivers. Illustrations and comparisons of changing the antenna pointing offset, narrowing the transmitting and receiving antenna beamwidth as well as keeping the accepted CINR performance across the HAP coverage area, will demonstrate that that efficiently utilizing these techniques are able to enhance the HAP system performance while effectively coexisting with the terrestrial WiMAX systems.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122323083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-04DOI: 10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339379
F. Zanier, G. Bacci, M. Luise
This paper derives an algorithm to design new signal-in-space formats to be possibly used in next-generation constellations of satellites. Considering recent advances in spread spectrum signal generation and detection, it is possible to investigate new strictly band-limited non-binary waveforms which aim at minimizing the error on time delay estimation (TDE), and thus at maximizing positioning accuracy. This paper elaborates on a criterion proposed by the authors to improve TDE accuracy for the additive white Gaussian noise channel, focusing on multipath aspects. Preliminary theoretical analysis on a two-ray multipath channel is provided to support the proposed algorithm.
{"title":"Non-binary spread spectrum signals with good delay-tracking features for satellite positioning","authors":"F. Zanier, G. Bacci, M. Luise","doi":"10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WDDC.2007.4339379","url":null,"abstract":"This paper derives an algorithm to design new signal-in-space formats to be possibly used in next-generation constellations of satellites. Considering recent advances in spread spectrum signal generation and detection, it is possible to investigate new strictly band-limited non-binary waveforms which aim at minimizing the error on time delay estimation (TDE), and thus at maximizing positioning accuracy. This paper elaborates on a criterion proposed by the authors to improve TDE accuracy for the additive white Gaussian noise channel, focusing on multipath aspects. Preliminary theoretical analysis on a two-ray multipath channel is provided to support the proposed algorithm.","PeriodicalId":142822,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131345759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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