Purpose: The study was conducted to identify and evaluate disaster risks and mental health outcomes caused by extreme climate events. Methodology: Quantitative data was obtained from existing climate and mental health (1984-2019) records, while qualitative data was obtained from literature review of case studies and content analysis, Focus Group Discussion and household survey in four major zones for two consecutive years. ArcGIS software method explored various properties of the climate systems to infer the distribution of climate parameters, select extremes value and calculate linear trend of time series. The quantitative data was analyzed using statistical tools in Excel, IBM SPSS version 20 while climate data analysis was done using R software (version 3.21). Results: The exceedance threshold of 𝜇 = 340 𝑚𝑚 was chosen. On the other hand, mean exceedance threshold of 𝜇 = 36.50𝐶 and 𝜇 = 11.380𝐶 for minimum and maximum temperatures respectively. The rainfall band was very high or very low, deemed to create disaster risks. The results revealed that the most common disaster risks include: drought and heatwaves, strong sand storms, flash floods and floods. The duration of time, frequency and unpredictable weather variability events were above critical threshold, hence categorized as high risk, rated 1, hence fatal. Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: The study provides historical empirical data on hazard mapping and mental health outcomes to enable policy and programmes formulation by state and nonstate actors. The study recommends development of robust environmental health procedures to diagnose mental disorders, mapping of disasters; mental disorder epidemiology and make it user friendly to advice policy, scale up solutions and accelerate evidence informed advocacy on adaptation and resilience mental health programme strategies
目的:本研究旨在识别和评估极端气候事件造成的灾害风险和心理健康后果。方法:定量数据来自现有的气候与心理健康(1984-2019)记录，定性数据来自连续两年的四个主要区域的案例研究和内容分析文献综述、焦点小组讨论和住户调查。ArcGIS软件方法探索气候系统的各种特性，推断气候参数的分布，选取极值，计算时间序列的线性趋势。定量数据分析采用统计工具Excel, IBM SPSS version 20，气候数据分析采用R软件(version 3.21)。结果:选取了超标阈值(≥340𝑚𝑚)。最低气温和最高气温的平均超标阈值分别为:≥36.50舍不得舍不得，≥11.380舍不得舍不得。降雨量非常高或非常低，被认为会产生灾害风险。结果显示，最常见的灾害风险包括:干旱和热浪、强沙尘暴、山洪暴发和洪水。事件的持续时间、频率和不可预测的天气变异性高于临界阈值，因此被归类为高风险，评级为1，因此是致命的。对理论和实践的独特贡献:该研究提供了关于危害绘图和心理健康结果的历史经验数据，使国家和非国家行为体能够制定政策和方案。该研究建议制定强有力的环境卫生程序，以诊断精神障碍、绘制灾害地图;精神障碍流行病学，使其便于用户提供政策咨询，扩大解决办法，并加快关于适应和复原力精神卫生规划战略的循证宣传
{"title":"Vulnerability of Communities to Climate Change Induced Disaster Risks and Potential Mental Health Outcomes in Isiolo County, Kenya","authors":"Peninah K. Mwenda, D. Olago, F. Okatcha, A. Ali","doi":"10.47941/jps.751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/jps.751","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study was conducted to identify and evaluate disaster risks and mental health outcomes caused by extreme climate events.\u0000Methodology: Quantitative data was obtained from existing climate and mental health (1984-2019) records, while qualitative data was obtained from literature review of case studies and content analysis, Focus Group Discussion and household survey in four major zones for two consecutive years. ArcGIS software method explored various properties of the climate systems to infer the distribution of climate parameters, select extremes value and calculate linear trend of time series. The quantitative data was analyzed using statistical tools in Excel, IBM SPSS version 20 while climate data analysis was done using R software (version 3.21).\u0000Results: The exceedance threshold of 𝜇 = 340 𝑚𝑚 was chosen. On the other hand, mean exceedance threshold of 𝜇 = 36.50𝐶 and 𝜇 = 11.380𝐶 for minimum and maximum temperatures respectively. The rainfall band was very high or very low, deemed to create disaster risks. The results revealed that the most common disaster risks include: drought and heatwaves, strong sand storms, flash floods and floods. The duration of time, frequency and unpredictable weather variability events were above critical threshold, hence categorized as high risk, rated 1, hence fatal.\u0000Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: The study provides historical empirical data on hazard mapping and mental health outcomes to enable policy and programmes formulation by state and nonstate actors. The study recommends development of robust environmental health procedures to diagnose mental disorders, mapping of disasters; mental disorder epidemiology and make it user friendly to advice policy, scale up solutions and accelerate evidence informed advocacy on adaptation and resilience mental health programme strategies","PeriodicalId":14294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Sciences","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80442072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plastics: The good, the bad and the ugly","authors":"P. Kamweru, Edward Tindibale","doi":"10.5897/ijps2016.4554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijps2016.4554","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73936785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Units of Sciences and Technology, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Heliophysic, Materials and Environment, Nazi Boni University, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Units of Sciences and Technology, Department of physics, Laboratory of Materials and Environment, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Units of Sciences and Technology, University of Ouagadougou, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energy, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
{"title":"Theoretical and experimental studies of effective carriers lifetime: Magnetic effects","authors":"R. Sam, Alain Diasso, B. Zouma, F. Zougmore","doi":"10.5897/ijps2021.4970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijps2021.4970","url":null,"abstract":"Units of Sciences and Technology, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Heliophysic, Materials and Environment, Nazi Boni University, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Units of Sciences and Technology, Department of physics, Laboratory of Materials and Environment, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Units of Sciences and Technology, University of Ouagadougou, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energy, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso","PeriodicalId":14294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Sciences","volume":"770 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76941655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of this paper is to study the impact of a differential mass loss or a lack of material (void) directly located into the core structure of matter together with the possibility of measuring its effect by a resonant signal surface at optical frequencies. To this end, the focus has been on the evolution of effective indices or eigenvalues of micro-resonators as relevant models. Specific lack of mass was measured by way of a resonant optical signal principle. Then, specific families of resonators have been designed and shaped with several slits nano-inscribed upon them. The signal resonant light is then characterized by its pseudo-period while considering the whole geometry, taking account of the void; thus, it contains the information regarding the pre-defined recessed volume. The study was carried out first by controlling the deep UV technology onto an organic so as to fabricate the family of slotted micro-resonators before assessing the evolution of the effective index of the system that is inversely proportional to the free spectral range. Experimentally, the design of the measurement platform made it possible to measure the impact of a given lack of material within the cyclic resonators. Experimental measurements have been carried out so as to confirm previous simulations demonstrating a convergence ranging from 0.09 to 0.39%. Accordingly, the relevant results allow us to validate a quantified description regarding the hollowed out volume (or mass recessed within the core waveguide) with regard to the spatial resonant optical signal.
{"title":"Monitoring the loss of mass or the volume recessed into a waveguide by resonant signal principle: Nano-inscribed slots in DUV210 micro-resonators","authors":"Doliveira Arthur, Garnier Lucas, Mahe Fabrice, Lhermite Herve, Gaviot Etienne, Beche Bruno","doi":"10.5897/ijps2021.4966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijps2021.4966","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper is to study the impact of a differential mass loss or a lack of material (void) directly located into the core structure of matter together with the possibility of measuring its effect by a resonant signal surface at optical frequencies. To this end, the focus has been on the evolution of effective indices or eigenvalues of micro-resonators as relevant models. Specific lack of mass was measured by way of a resonant optical signal principle. Then, specific families of resonators have been designed and shaped with several slits nano-inscribed upon them. The signal resonant light is then characterized by its pseudo-period while considering the whole geometry, taking account of the void; thus, it contains the information regarding the pre-defined recessed volume. The study was carried out first by controlling the deep UV technology onto an organic so as to fabricate the family of slotted micro-resonators before assessing the evolution of the effective index of the system that is inversely proportional to the free spectral range. Experimentally, the design of the measurement platform made it possible to measure the impact of a given lack of material within the cyclic resonators. Experimental measurements have been carried out so as to confirm previous simulations demonstrating a convergence ranging from 0.09 to 0.39%. Accordingly, the relevant results allow us to validate a quantified description regarding the hollowed out volume (or mass recessed within the core waveguide) with regard to the spatial resonant optical signal.","PeriodicalId":14294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80368078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Crystal lattice structure searching by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and first-principles structural optimization have been used to explore polymorphs of BC2N, possessing sp3 hybridization, under a varying applied hydrostatic pressure. Two low Gibbs free energy structures were identified: one with a primitive orthorhombic structure and Space Group, Pmm2, and the other with a primitive tetragonal structure and Space Group, P m2. Dynamical and mechanical stabilities of the Pmm2, orthorhombic BC2N (o-BC2N) structure were established using its phonon dispersions and elastic constants. The bulk modulus of this predicted BC2N phase was 377.15 GPa, which indicates a super-hard compound. The material is brittle with a B/G ratio of 0.911 and a low degree of elastic anisotropy with a Universal Elastic Anisotropy Index of only 0.774%. Calculations of the electronic band structure demonstrated that the material is a direct band gap semiconductor with a band gap of 1.731 eV at zero applied pressure. The band gap increases monotonically with increased applied pressure and saturates to a value of about 1.756 eV above 1500 kbars; the hydrostatic pressure coefficients associated with this process were determined.
{"title":"High pressure phase stability, elastic anisotropy and electronic properties of BC2N","authors":"A. Habanyama, G. Samukonga, N. K. Mumba","doi":"10.5897/ijps2020.4929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijps2020.4929","url":null,"abstract":"Crystal lattice structure searching by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and first-principles structural optimization have been used to explore polymorphs of BC2N, possessing sp3 hybridization, under a varying applied hydrostatic pressure. Two low Gibbs free energy structures were identified: one with a primitive orthorhombic structure and Space Group, Pmm2, and the other with a primitive tetragonal structure and Space Group, P m2. Dynamical and mechanical stabilities of the Pmm2, orthorhombic BC2N (o-BC2N) structure were established using its phonon dispersions and elastic constants. The bulk modulus of this predicted BC2N phase was 377.15 GPa, which indicates a super-hard compound. The material is brittle with a B/G ratio of 0.911 and a low degree of elastic anisotropy with a Universal Elastic Anisotropy Index of only 0.774%. Calculations of the electronic band structure demonstrated that the material is a direct band gap semiconductor with a band gap of 1.731 eV at zero applied pressure. The band gap increases monotonically with increased applied pressure and saturates to a value of about 1.756 eV above 1500 kbars; the hydrostatic pressure coefficients associated with this process were determined.","PeriodicalId":14294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81648129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Zoundi, Nongobsom Bazié, M. Kaboré, F. Ouattara
This paper presents the Total Electron Content variability, during the solar cycle 23 maximum under geomagnetic fluctuating activity conditions from 2000 to 2002 at Niamey station (lat. :13°28’N ; long : 2°10’E) in Niger. A comparative study of TEC profiles variation under quiet and fluctuating geomagnetic activity conditions allowed us to analyze the effects of fluctuations in solar wind on equatorial ionosphere. Our investigation argues on that the solar cycle 23 maximum is mostly characterized by a non-effect of fluctuating winds on the ionosphere for equatorial region.
{"title":"Total electron content (TEC) seasonal variability under fluctuating activity, from 2000 to 2002, at Niamey station","authors":"Christian Zoundi, Nongobsom Bazié, M. Kaboré, F. Ouattara","doi":"10.5897/ijps2021.4960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijps2021.4960","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the Total Electron Content variability, during the solar cycle 23 maximum under geomagnetic fluctuating activity conditions from 2000 to 2002 at Niamey station (lat. :13°28’N ; long : 2°10’E) in Niger. A comparative study of TEC profiles variation under quiet and fluctuating geomagnetic activity conditions allowed us to analyze the effects of fluctuations in solar wind on equatorial ionosphere. Our investigation argues on that the solar cycle 23 maximum is mostly characterized by a non-effect of fluctuating winds on the ionosphere for equatorial region.","PeriodicalId":14294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Sciences","volume":"328 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76802140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LACH-HEB Fatima, L. Mamadou, Kerstin Usbeck Anna, C. Mohamed
This paper presents the performance analysis of a 23 MWp photovoltaic solar power plant installed in Diass, Senegal. The solar photovoltaic power plant is composed of 85608 polycrystalline PV modules and 8 transformer stations (TS). Each TS consists of 4 inverters, several DC BOX and 2 transformers. The environmental and performance data of the plant used in this work were recorded throughout the year 2020. The performance parameters evaluated in this work are array yield, reference yield, final yield, array capture losses, system losses, performance ratio and capacity factor. The results of this study have been compared to other work carried out around the world. The results show that the performance depends on the climatic conditions of the on-site installation and the technologies used.
{"title":"Performance analysis of the 23 MWp grid connected photovoltaic plant in Diass Senegal","authors":"LACH-HEB Fatima, L. Mamadou, Kerstin Usbeck Anna, C. Mohamed","doi":"10.5897/ijps2021.4953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijps2021.4953","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the performance analysis of a 23 MWp photovoltaic solar power plant installed in Diass, Senegal. The solar photovoltaic power plant is composed of 85608 polycrystalline PV modules and 8 transformer stations (TS). Each TS consists of 4 inverters, several DC BOX and 2 transformers. The environmental and performance data of the plant used in this work were recorded throughout the year 2020. The performance parameters evaluated in this work are array yield, reference yield, final yield, array capture losses, system losses, performance ratio and capacity factor. The results of this study have been compared to other work carried out around the world. The results show that the performance depends on the climatic conditions of the on-site installation and the technologies used.","PeriodicalId":14294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84534840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
2,3-Dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonohydrazide and its derivatives were synthesized and characterize by IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and mass spectrometry analytical methods. The 2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonyl hydrazide (compound 1), was synthesized from the reaction of o-phenylenediamine with oxalic acid to obtain quinoxaline-2,3-dione, which was subjected to chlorosulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid to give 2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonyl chloride. The 2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonyl chloride was reacted with hydrazine hydrate to afford 2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonyl hydrazide (compound 1). The quinoxaline-6-sulfonohydrazone derivatives were synthesized by reacting compound 1 with substituted benzaldehydes or aromatic ketones. The chemical structures of the compounds prepared were confirmed by spectral data. The synthetic methodology was efficient and environmentally friendly; this was due to the fact that the work-up stage was carried out in water.
{"title":"Design, green synthesis and reactions of 2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6 sulfonohydrazide derivatives","authors":"O. Festus, A. Craig","doi":"10.5897/ijps2016.4548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijps2016.4548","url":null,"abstract":"2,3-Dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonohydrazide and its derivatives were synthesized and characterize by IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and mass spectrometry analytical methods. The 2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonyl hydrazide (compound 1), was synthesized from the reaction of o-phenylenediamine with oxalic acid to obtain quinoxaline-2,3-dione, which was subjected to chlorosulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid to give 2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonyl chloride. The 2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonyl chloride was reacted with hydrazine hydrate to afford 2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonyl hydrazide (compound 1). The quinoxaline-6-sulfonohydrazone derivatives were synthesized by reacting compound 1 with substituted benzaldehydes or aromatic ketones. The chemical structures of the compounds prepared were confirmed by spectral data. The synthetic methodology was efficient and environmentally friendly; this was due to the fact that the work-up stage was carried out in water.","PeriodicalId":14294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Sciences","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82876104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Comparative study of effect of sprouting on amino acid in white Sorghum Bicolor and Pennisetum Glaucum Methodology:The utilization of plant-derived foods as functional ingredients in food system continues to be of research interest as a purpose of achieving good health and well-being, target 3 of sustainable development goals (SDGs). Standard methods involving combined classical protein hydrolysis and derivatization with fast separation by Ultra High Performance Liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and detection by a single quadrupole (QDa) mass spectrometer were used to analyze Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum for amino acid profile before and after sprouting. Results: The data showed that eighteen amino acids were determined in all, which includes the essential for the growth of the infants, semi-essential amino acids and the nonessential amino acids (Harper, 1989). The levels in the sample were ranged as follows; unsprouted raw white sorghum bicolor seed flour (1.86±0.07-17.6±0.15), sprouted white Sorghum bicolor seed flour (1.93±0.06-17.7±0.08) unsprouted Pennisetum glaucum (1.86±0.07-17.7±0.09) sprouted Pennisetum glaucum (2.07±0.02-17.8±0.07) .The CV% for the values ranged between 0.26-74.2%. The cereals are very rich in ceucine and deficient in methionine and Tryptophan. TAA, TEAA with his, TEA without his, TNEAA, TArAA, TAAA, TBAA, TNAA, TSAA, %TEAA with his in the amino acid profile for white Sorghum bicolordecreased in level after sprouting while TNEAA increased after sprouting. All the quality parameters level increased in Pennisetum glaucum after sprouting. The result of the research showed that Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum seeds flours, especially the sprouted ones contains appreciable amount of essential amino acid which made them to be a good source of quality parameter of amino acid. This could be relied upon as a good cheap for supplement of essential amino acid in food in order to solve the problems of protein energy malnutrition which could be very useful in infant food production and also for the production of cookies for diabetic patients. Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: From the current research work, Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum seeds flours are good source of quality parameter of amino acid especially the sprouted ones which could be relied upon as a good cheap for supplement of essential amino acid in food in order to solve the problems of protein energy malnutrition
{"title":"COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFECT OF SPROUTING ON AMINO ACID IN WHITE SORGHUM BICOLOR AND PENNISETUM GLAUCUM","authors":"Ojo Olabimpe Iyabode","doi":"10.47941/JPS.707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/JPS.707","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Comparative study of effect of sprouting on amino acid in white Sorghum Bicolor and Pennisetum Glaucum\u0000Methodology:The utilization of plant-derived foods as functional ingredients in food system continues to be of research interest as a purpose of achieving good health and well-being, target 3 of sustainable development goals (SDGs). Standard methods involving combined classical protein hydrolysis and derivatization with fast separation by Ultra High Performance Liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and detection by a single quadrupole (QDa) mass spectrometer were used to analyze Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum for amino acid profile before and after sprouting.\u0000Results: The data showed that eighteen amino acids were determined in all, which includes the essential for the growth of the infants, semi-essential amino acids and the nonessential amino acids (Harper, 1989). The levels in the sample were ranged as follows; unsprouted raw white sorghum bicolor seed flour (1.86±0.07-17.6±0.15), sprouted white Sorghum bicolor seed flour (1.93±0.06-17.7±0.08) unsprouted Pennisetum glaucum (1.86±0.07-17.7±0.09) sprouted Pennisetum glaucum (2.07±0.02-17.8±0.07) .The CV% for the values ranged between 0.26-74.2%. The cereals are very rich in ceucine and deficient in methionine and Tryptophan. TAA, TEAA with his, TEA without his, TNEAA, TArAA, TAAA, TBAA, TNAA, TSAA, %TEAA with his in the amino acid profile for white\u0000Sorghum bicolordecreased in level after sprouting while TNEAA increased after sprouting. All the quality parameters level increased in Pennisetum glaucum after sprouting. The result of the research showed that Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum seeds flours, especially the sprouted ones contains appreciable amount of essential amino acid which made them to be a good source of quality parameter of amino acid. This could be relied upon as a good cheap for supplement of essential amino acid in food in order to solve the problems of protein energy malnutrition which could be very useful in infant food production and also for the production of cookies for diabetic patients.\u0000Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: From the current research work, Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum seeds flours are good source of quality parameter of amino acid especially the sprouted ones which could be relied upon as a good cheap for supplement of essential amino acid in food in order to solve the problems of protein energy malnutrition","PeriodicalId":14294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Sciences","volume":"962 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90736895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To investigate the effect of viscous dissipation and axial conduction on heat transfer for laminar forced convection flow through a circular pipe was studied. Constant wall temperature boundary condition was imposed on the circular pipe and the flow is assumed to be hydro dynamically developed and thermally developing. Methodology: Numerical solutions were obtained to observe the variations of non-dimensional bulk mean temperature, Nusselt number and wall heat from (or) to the fluid for Brinkman numbers 1.0, 0.5, 0.2,0.0 and Peclet numbers 10,50,100,300 and 500. Results: It was found that the heat generated by viscous dissipation was higher for higher Brinkman number and it delays the thermal entrance development of the fluid. Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: Effect of axial conduction becomes negligible when the value of Peclet number crosses hundred
{"title":"HEAT TRANSFER WITH VISCOUS DISSIPATION AND FLUID AXIAL HEAT CONDUCTION FOR FLOW THROUGH A CIRCULAR PIPE","authors":"M. U. Uwaezuoke","doi":"10.47941/JPS.705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/JPS.705","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the effect of viscous dissipation and axial conduction on heat transfer for laminar forced convection flow through a circular pipe was studied. Constant wall temperature boundary condition was imposed on the circular pipe and the flow is assumed to be hydro dynamically developed and thermally developing.\u0000Methodology: Numerical solutions were obtained to observe the variations of non-dimensional bulk mean temperature, Nusselt number and wall heat from (or) to the fluid for Brinkman numbers 1.0, 0.5, 0.2,0.0 and Peclet numbers 10,50,100,300 and 500.\u0000Results: It was found that the heat generated by viscous dissipation was higher for higher Brinkman number and it delays the thermal entrance development of the fluid.\u0000Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: Effect of axial conduction becomes negligible when the value of Peclet number crosses hundred","PeriodicalId":14294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83616046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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