Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233165
Leila Sekhavat, Atiyeh Javaheri
Background: The objective of this study is to assess the impact of maternal age on neonatal birth weight.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the neonatal birth weight of singleton term infants born to nulliparous, non-diabetic, urban women who delivered at Shahid Sadoughi hospital in Yazd, Iran, between 2020 and 2021. Maternal age groups were defined as adolescents (≤19 years old) and adults (20-40 years old) using data from archived files.
Results: A total of 963 cases were included in this study, with 217 adolescents and 746 adults. The incidence of low birth weight (LBW) (<2500 gr) was 10.6% (102 cases), and macrosomia (>4000 gr) was observed in 7.1% (68 cases) of the neonates. There was a significantly higher rate of neonatal LBW among adolescent mothers.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that maternal age has an impact on neonatal birth weight. The incidence of LBW is increased among adolescent mothers.
{"title":"The relationship between mother's age and newborn birth weight: a retrospective study","authors":"Leila Sekhavat, Atiyeh Javaheri","doi":"10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233165","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The objective of this study is to assess the impact of maternal age on neonatal birth weight.
 Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the neonatal birth weight of singleton term infants born to nulliparous, non-diabetic, urban women who delivered at Shahid Sadoughi hospital in Yazd, Iran, between 2020 and 2021. Maternal age groups were defined as adolescents (≤19 years old) and adults (20-40 years old) using data from archived files.
 Results: A total of 963 cases were included in this study, with 217 adolescents and 746 adults. The incidence of low birth weight (LBW) (<2500 gr) was 10.6% (102 cases), and macrosomia (>4000 gr) was observed in 7.1% (68 cases) of the neonates. There was a significantly higher rate of neonatal LBW among adolescent mothers.
 Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that maternal age has an impact on neonatal birth weight. The incidence of LBW is increased among adolescent mothers.","PeriodicalId":14297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Reports","volume":"5 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135414216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233164
Azubuike A. Ekwuofu, Obinna F. Dim, Maxwell O. Adibe, Uzoma B. Okwara
Background: Since the adoption of the differentiated service delivery (DSD) as a programmatic strategy in the delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Imo state, no research has assessed the level of knowledge of DSD among HIV-positive patients receiving ART in the state, a research gap which this study aimed to fill.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out among the adult patients receiving ART in three DSD models and the usual care group at one tertiary and three secondary hospitals using a structured questionnaire validated by the researcher. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using the statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) version 24. All the analysis was performed at p≤0.05.
Results: Of the 542 questionnaires retrieved, the female gender was predominant in all the groups. Up to 57.3% and 55.5% of the patients had good knowledge and perception towards differentiated care respectively. A significant difference was found in the mean perception among the groups (F (3.538)=9.309, p<0.05). While education and participation in HIV activities were found to be significant predators of knowledge of DSD, (F (10.466)=3.082, R2 of 0.062, p<0.05), only education was found to be determinant of perception.
Conclusions: This study has shown that the patients had fair knowledge of the DSD in all the models examined, as well as the usual group; and this did not differ significantly across the groups. However, there is need to improve on patients' enlightenment of the initiative, especially for those in the usual care group.
{"title":"Assessment of knowledge of differentiated service delivery among HIV-positive patients receiving care in a Southeastern Nigerian State","authors":"Azubuike A. Ekwuofu, Obinna F. Dim, Maxwell O. Adibe, Uzoma B. Okwara","doi":"10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233164","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Since the adoption of the differentiated service delivery (DSD) as a programmatic strategy in the delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Imo state, no research has assessed the level of knowledge of DSD among HIV-positive patients receiving ART in the state, a research gap which this study aimed to fill.
 Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out among the adult patients receiving ART in three DSD models and the usual care group at one tertiary and three secondary hospitals using a structured questionnaire validated by the researcher. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using the statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) version 24. All the analysis was performed at p≤0.05.
 Results: Of the 542 questionnaires retrieved, the female gender was predominant in all the groups. Up to 57.3% and 55.5% of the patients had good knowledge and perception towards differentiated care respectively. A significant difference was found in the mean perception among the groups (F (3.538)=9.309, p<0.05). While education and participation in HIV activities were found to be significant predators of knowledge of DSD, (F (10.466)=3.082, R2 of 0.062, p<0.05), only education was found to be determinant of perception.
 Conclusions: This study has shown that the patients had fair knowledge of the DSD in all the models examined, as well as the usual group; and this did not differ significantly across the groups. However, there is need to improve on patients' enlightenment of the initiative, especially for those in the usual care group.","PeriodicalId":14297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Reports","volume":"487 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135413896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233163
Sanad H. Ragab, Michael G. Tyshenko
Background: Climate change is one of the most important factors associated with medically important insect pests such as mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Diseases spread by mosquitoes are increasing due to changes in global temperature and weather patterns that are altering vector host ranges allowing spread into new regions. Zika, dengue fever, chikungunya and yellow fever are arboviral infections that are spread by Aedes aegypti (Culicidae). The objective of the current research is to study the potential geographic distribution habitats of Ae. aegypti in the world under current and future climate conditions. Methods: Data of Ae. aegypti was obtained from the global biodiversity information facility and used 19 bioclimatic layers (bio01-bio19) and elevation from the WorldClim database. The scenarios used are the Beijing climate center climate system model (BCC-CSM2-MR) and the institute Pierre-Simon Laplace, coupled model intercomparison project (IPSL-CM6A-LR) with two shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) for each of the general circulation model (GCMs): SSP126 and SSP585. Results: The results revealed that altitude, temperature, seasonality (standard deviation *100) (bio4), and annual precipitation (bio12) were the most important environmental variables that affect the distribution of Ae. aegypti. Conclusions: The models showed that Africa and South America maintained very high and excellent habitat suitability for Ae. Aegypti under the current potential distribution map.
{"title":"Predicting the potential worldwide distribution of Aedes aegypti under climate change scenarios","authors":"Sanad H. Ragab, Michael G. Tyshenko","doi":"10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233163","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Climate change is one of the most important factors associated with medically important insect pests such as mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Diseases spread by mosquitoes are increasing due to changes in global temperature and weather patterns that are altering vector host ranges allowing spread into new regions. Zika, dengue fever, chikungunya and yellow fever are arboviral infections that are spread by Aedes aegypti (Culicidae). The objective of the current research is to study the potential geographic distribution habitats of Ae. aegypti in the world under current and future climate conditions. Methods: Data of Ae. aegypti was obtained from the global biodiversity information facility and used 19 bioclimatic layers (bio01-bio19) and elevation from the WorldClim database. The scenarios used are the Beijing climate center climate system model (BCC-CSM2-MR) and the institute Pierre-Simon Laplace, coupled model intercomparison project (IPSL-CM6A-LR) with two shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) for each of the general circulation model (GCMs): SSP126 and SSP585. Results: The results revealed that altitude, temperature, seasonality (standard deviation *100) (bio4), and annual precipitation (bio12) were the most important environmental variables that affect the distribution of Ae. aegypti. Conclusions: The models showed that Africa and South America maintained very high and excellent habitat suitability for Ae. Aegypti under the current potential distribution map.","PeriodicalId":14297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Reports","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135414041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The negative group delay (NGD) is an uncommon function enabling to propagate arbitrary waveform signals with time-advance behavior. The counterintuitive NGD function was initially experimented for anticipating typically fast and short duration electronic signals in micro- and milli-second time scale. The application of NGD function to large time scale signal attracts more and more the attention of data processing engineer. This paper aims to investigate on the ability of NGD function to predict time- dependent social data with someday time-advances. As practical case of study, an innovative application of NGD function for predicting disease cases is treated. The digital circuit theory enabling to understand the low-pass (LP) NGD canonical TF and the characterization approach is established. It is shown in which condition the first order difference equation represents a LP-NGD circuit. Then, the design method of typical LP-NGD predictor as numerical circuit is introduced in function of the expected time-advance. The NGD predictor time-variation property is theoretically initiated. The NGD time-advance varied from -7 days to -1/2 days is investigated with deterministic data prediction processing from 5-months bi- exponential waveform data. The predicted data with time-advance of about -4 days was confirmed by analytical computation and simulation. The LP-NGD digital predictor feasibility is validated with monthly COVID-19 randomly arbitrary data by computed and virtually tested results. It was investigated with sensitivity analysis that the prediction performance is better when the input signal is smoothed enough. As expected, prediction result showing very good correlation with input data is demonstrated.
{"title":"COVID-19 cases prediction with negative group delays digital function","authors":"Blaise Ravelo, Mathieu Guerin, Habachi Bilal, Sylcolin Rakotonandrasana, Wenceslas Rahajandraibe","doi":"10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233166","url":null,"abstract":"The negative group delay (NGD) is an uncommon function enabling to propagate arbitrary waveform signals with time-advance behavior. The counterintuitive NGD function was initially experimented for anticipating typically fast and short duration electronic signals in micro- and milli-second time scale. The application of NGD function to large time scale signal attracts more and more the attention of data processing engineer. This paper aims to investigate on the ability of NGD function to predict time- dependent social data with someday time-advances. As practical case of study, an innovative application of NGD function for predicting disease cases is treated. The digital circuit theory enabling to understand the low-pass (LP) NGD canonical TF and the characterization approach is established. It is shown in which condition the first order difference equation represents a LP-NGD circuit. Then, the design method of typical LP-NGD predictor as numerical circuit is introduced in function of the expected time-advance. The NGD predictor time-variation property is theoretically initiated. The NGD time-advance varied from -7 days to -1/2 days is investigated with deterministic data prediction processing from 5-months bi- exponential waveform data. The predicted data with time-advance of about -4 days was confirmed by analytical computation and simulation. The LP-NGD digital predictor feasibility is validated with monthly COVID-19 randomly arbitrary data by computed and virtually tested results. It was investigated with sensitivity analysis that the prediction performance is better when the input signal is smoothed enough. As expected, prediction result showing very good correlation with input data is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":14297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Reports","volume":"2 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135413203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233167
K. S. Ravi Teja, Sai Lakshmi Gundimeda, Amulya Kolipakula, Anushree Ramprasad, Sandhya Kanti Nuzella, A. Ranganadha Reddy
Biomedical informatics is a burgeoning multidisciplinary field that seeks to optimize the utilization of biomedical data, information, and knowledge for the purposes of scientific research, inquiry, problem-solving, and decision-making, all with the overarching objective of enhancing human health and well-being. Information, informatics, and its applications are used in organ transplantations, such as stem cell transplantation programs, and in programs that directly change disorders. So, many hospitals can maintain EMRs (Electronic medical records), but few are supporting C programs. So, using informatics, we introduced software and programs to run these SCT applications in a very short period of time without any effect.
{"title":"Leveraging electronic health records and stem cell transplants: a review","authors":"K. S. Ravi Teja, Sai Lakshmi Gundimeda, Amulya Kolipakula, Anushree Ramprasad, Sandhya Kanti Nuzella, A. Ranganadha Reddy","doi":"10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20233167","url":null,"abstract":"Biomedical informatics is a burgeoning multidisciplinary field that seeks to optimize the utilization of biomedical data, information, and knowledge for the purposes of scientific research, inquiry, problem-solving, and decision-making, all with the overarching objective of enhancing human health and well-being. Information, informatics, and its applications are used in organ transplantations, such as stem cell transplantation programs, and in programs that directly change disorders. So, many hospitals can maintain EMRs (Electronic medical records), but few are supporting C programs. So, using informatics, we introduced software and programs to run these SCT applications in a very short period of time without any effect.","PeriodicalId":14297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Reports","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135414072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neonatal mortality is a widely significant problem since diseases such as sepsis, apnea and jaundice have claimed the lives of 2.3 million neonates in 2021. As such, better tools need to be developed to reduce its rate. While traditional methods like Clinical risk index (CRIB) and Score for neonatal acute physiology (SNAP) have proven helpful in predicting neonatal mortality, there is a need for more efficient measures. One such approach is support vector machine (SVM), a supervised machine-learning algorithm that is primarily used for classification. SVM can perform both linear and non-linear classification; it conducts the latter with the assistance of the kernel trick and functions such as polynomial, gaussian, RBF and sigmoid functions. This narrative review aims to explore the potential and limitations of SVM in predicting major global causes of neonatal mortality. We searched through articles employing SVM to predict different diseases and symptoms such as sepsis, seizures, fetal heart rate, low birth weight, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, apnea, jaundice and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, and concluded that while SVM has its merits and has shown promising results in many aspects, it also has its demerits such as requiring an extensive training time to achieve higher accuracy and precision.
{"title":"Support vector machines in neonatal mortality detection: a comprehensive scoping review with disease-specific emphasis","authors":"None Zoya Aamir, None Mahrosh Kasbati, None Arusha Hasan, None Sonia Hurjkaliani, None Rayaan Imran","doi":"10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232912","url":null,"abstract":"Neonatal mortality is a widely significant problem since diseases such as sepsis, apnea and jaundice have claimed the lives of 2.3 million neonates in 2021. As such, better tools need to be developed to reduce its rate. While traditional methods like Clinical risk index (CRIB) and Score for neonatal acute physiology (SNAP) have proven helpful in predicting neonatal mortality, there is a need for more efficient measures. One such approach is support vector machine (SVM), a supervised machine-learning algorithm that is primarily used for classification. SVM can perform both linear and non-linear classification; it conducts the latter with the assistance of the kernel trick and functions such as polynomial, gaussian, RBF and sigmoid functions. This narrative review aims to explore the potential and limitations of SVM in predicting major global causes of neonatal mortality. We searched through articles employing SVM to predict different diseases and symptoms such as sepsis, seizures, fetal heart rate, low birth weight, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, apnea, jaundice and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, and concluded that while SVM has its merits and has shown promising results in many aspects, it also has its demerits such as requiring an extensive training time to achieve higher accuracy and precision.","PeriodicalId":14297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Reports","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135582157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232909
Fortunatus D. Gbeinbo, Phillip T. Bwititi, Ezekiel U. Nwose
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) if unmanaged can complicate pregnancy outcomes. Selective screening of GDM is a common policy hence, the need for complete medical records of patients. The extent and pattern that documentation of patients’ records can impact GDM screening-by-telehealth requires elucidation. The aim was to describe the effectiveness of phone contacts on medical records and GDM risk factors among a hospital-based antenatal clinic setting Methods: This was an observational study in which previously reported antenatal records of patients screened for GDM were reviewed for effectiveness of phone contacts to do telehealth, and this was with simultaneous GDM risk assessment. Data were analysed by descriptive frequency counting. Results: On effectiveness of phone details on medical records, 41/98 cases were reached, of which 31.7% have three or more GDM risk factors to fulfil selection criteria for laboratory screening of GDM. Prevalence of risk factors in initial routine data collection (24.9%), previous history assessment (21.3%) and at antenatal monitoring phase (37.8%), Among the 57/98 phone contacts that were unreached, 59.6% are switched off. Conclusions: The observations highlight the need of concerted focus on policy and education, for both staff and patients, to improve documentation of correct and valid telephone details in medical records.
{"title":"Gestational diabetes screening and management: the issues of GDM risk factors and phone number documentations","authors":"Fortunatus D. Gbeinbo, Phillip T. Bwititi, Ezekiel U. Nwose","doi":"10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232909","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) if unmanaged can complicate pregnancy outcomes. Selective screening of GDM is a common policy hence, the need for complete medical records of patients. The extent and pattern that documentation of patients’ records can impact GDM screening-by-telehealth requires elucidation. The aim was to describe the effectiveness of phone contacts on medical records and GDM risk factors among a hospital-based antenatal clinic setting Methods: This was an observational study in which previously reported antenatal records of patients screened for GDM were reviewed for effectiveness of phone contacts to do telehealth, and this was with simultaneous GDM risk assessment. Data were analysed by descriptive frequency counting. Results: On effectiveness of phone details on medical records, 41/98 cases were reached, of which 31.7% have three or more GDM risk factors to fulfil selection criteria for laboratory screening of GDM. Prevalence of risk factors in initial routine data collection (24.9%), previous history assessment (21.3%) and at antenatal monitoring phase (37.8%), Among the 57/98 phone contacts that were unreached, 59.6% are switched off. Conclusions: The observations highlight the need of concerted focus on policy and education, for both staff and patients, to improve documentation of correct and valid telephone details in medical records.","PeriodicalId":14297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Reports","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135582159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232914
Ahmad Shahid, Maheera Khan, Manahil Mubeen, Affan Abid
Another addition to the trend of infectious epidemic diseases instituted by Corona Virus is the monkey pox virus, a concept endemic to the nations of Africa but now globalized in the 2022-2023 epidemic.
{"title":"LC16m8: long term immunity is the way to eradicate monkey pox","authors":"Ahmad Shahid, Maheera Khan, Manahil Mubeen, Affan Abid","doi":"10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232914","url":null,"abstract":"Another addition to the trend of infectious epidemic diseases instituted by Corona Virus is the monkey pox virus, a concept endemic to the nations of Africa but now globalized in the 2022-2023 epidemic.","PeriodicalId":14297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Reports","volume":"333 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135581311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232913
Gbolahan D. Olatunji, Entonu I. Alexander, Samson Ojedokun
Globally, men have always been seen as perpetrators of aggression in romantic relationship which constitute intimate partner violence (IPV). In Nigeria, they are mostly considered as the villains due to the patriarchal nature of the society. However, there have many cases of violence by intimate partners where men were the victims. Very few of such cases were reported either to the hospital or to the police due to many reasons ranging from sociocultural, ethnic, economic and religious values among others. In a patriarchal society like Nigeria, men experience various form of violence which could be physical, psychological, sexual and socioeconomic from intimate partners. Therefore, this article attempts to review the reported incidence of male victims of IPV in Nigeria and the peculiarities involved while providing recommendations. Some of the factors identified for the low incidence report includes; lack of routine screening for domestic violence in health facilities, the fact that psychological violence is not considered as violence in some Nigerian society, shame about disclosing family violence, poor socioeconomic status and many more. Additionally, a major predictor of female-perpetrated IPV was childhood exposure to violence. This paper recommends that several actions which would improve the report of IPV against men while ameliorating IPV in Nigeria may involve: raising public awareness, legal protection, increasing health care worker sensitivity, provision of support services, research and proper data collection among others.
{"title":"Intimate partner violence; breaking the silence on male victims in Nigeria","authors":"Gbolahan D. Olatunji, Entonu I. Alexander, Samson Ojedokun","doi":"10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232913","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, men have always been seen as perpetrators of aggression in romantic relationship which constitute intimate partner violence (IPV). In Nigeria, they are mostly considered as the villains due to the patriarchal nature of the society. However, there have many cases of violence by intimate partners where men were the victims. Very few of such cases were reported either to the hospital or to the police due to many reasons ranging from sociocultural, ethnic, economic and religious values among others. In a patriarchal society like Nigeria, men experience various form of violence which could be physical, psychological, sexual and socioeconomic from intimate partners. Therefore, this article attempts to review the reported incidence of male victims of IPV in Nigeria and the peculiarities involved while providing recommendations. Some of the factors identified for the low incidence report includes; lack of routine screening for domestic violence in health facilities, the fact that psychological violence is not considered as violence in some Nigerian society, shame about disclosing family violence, poor socioeconomic status and many more. Additionally, a major predictor of female-perpetrated IPV was childhood exposure to violence. This paper recommends that several actions which would improve the report of IPV against men while ameliorating IPV in Nigeria may involve: raising public awareness, legal protection, increasing health care worker sensitivity, provision of support services, research and proper data collection among others.","PeriodicalId":14297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Reports","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135580175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Myoid hamartomas of breast are extremely rare lesions with poorly defined pathogenesis. They are composed of differentiated mammary glandular and stromal structures with areas of smooth muscle differentiation. They are postulated to arise from walls of the blood vessels and/or muscularis mammillae of the areolae. They usual present as a well demarcated lump and it is difficult to diagnose them on clinical and radiological basis. Diagnosis requires demonstration of smooth muscle phenotype using immunohistochemistry by smooth muscle actin and desmin. Surgical resection is the curative treatment. We reported a case of myoid hamartoma in a 50-year-old postmenopausal lady with its clinical, radiological and histopathological discussion. The lesion presented as a painless lump and was initially reported as BIRADS 4a on mammography. Apart from the stroma showing spindle cell component with smooth muscle differentiation, the histopathology also showed epithelial changes including epithelial hyperplasia and columnar cell change.
{"title":"Myoid hamartoma of breast: a rare case report with review of literature","authors":"Nimisha Dhankar, Nita Khurana, Jyoti Kumar, Sushanto Neogi","doi":"10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20232911","url":null,"abstract":"Myoid hamartomas of breast are extremely rare lesions with poorly defined pathogenesis. They are composed of differentiated mammary glandular and stromal structures with areas of smooth muscle differentiation. They are postulated to arise from walls of the blood vessels and/or muscularis mammillae of the areolae. They usual present as a well demarcated lump and it is difficult to diagnose them on clinical and radiological basis. Diagnosis requires demonstration of smooth muscle phenotype using immunohistochemistry by smooth muscle actin and desmin. Surgical resection is the curative treatment. We reported a case of myoid hamartoma in a 50-year-old postmenopausal lady with its clinical, radiological and histopathological discussion. The lesion presented as a painless lump and was initially reported as BIRADS 4a on mammography. Apart from the stroma showing spindle cell component with smooth muscle differentiation, the histopathology also showed epithelial changes including epithelial hyperplasia and columnar cell change.","PeriodicalId":14297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Reports","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135580179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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