Pub Date : 2021-12-24DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430804
Suwa Lal Yadav, Hitendra K. Rai, Indra Raj Yadav, Adarsh Kumar, M. Choudhary
Fertilization of soybean with zinc (Zn) had received considerable attention in recent years due to world-wide spread of its deficiency in soils and also due to malnutrition in infants and children’s. Soybean is high nutrient exhausting crop but sensitive to zinc (Zn) deficiency in soil. Application of Zn fertilizers could be a viable option to fulfil this deficiency and also to promote yield and growth parameters. This experiment was conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur during kharif season of 2019 with fourteen treatments of zinc application strategies [(T1) Absolute control, (T2) recommended dose of fertilizer+ No Zn, (T3) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1, (T4) RDF + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 DAS, (T5) RDF + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 and 55 DAS, (T6) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 DAS, (T7) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 and 55 DAS, (T8) RDF + Zn solubilizer as soil application, (T9) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + Zn solubilizer as soil application, (T10) RDF + Spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 DAS, (T11) RDF + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 and 55 DAS, (T12) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 PPM salicylic acid at 35 DAS, (T13) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 and 55 DAS and (T14) No RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1] which were replicated three times in randomized block design(RBD). Results showed that growth parameters, yield attributes and yield of soybean were significantly affected by zinc application strategies. It was found that treatment of RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 and 55 DAS (T13) had been found best in terms of growth, yield attributes and yield of soybean.
{"title":"Effect of Zinc Application Strategies on Growth and Yield of Soybean in Central India","authors":"Suwa Lal Yadav, Hitendra K. Rai, Indra Raj Yadav, Adarsh Kumar, M. Choudhary","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430804","url":null,"abstract":"Fertilization of soybean with zinc (Zn) had received considerable attention in recent years due to world-wide spread of its deficiency in soils and also due to malnutrition in infants and children’s. Soybean is high nutrient exhausting crop but sensitive to zinc (Zn) deficiency in soil. Application of Zn fertilizers could be a viable option to fulfil this deficiency and also to promote yield and growth parameters. This experiment was conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur during kharif season of 2019 with fourteen treatments of zinc application strategies [(T1) Absolute control, (T2) recommended dose of fertilizer+ No Zn, (T3) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1, (T4) RDF + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 DAS, (T5) RDF + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 and 55 DAS, (T6) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 DAS, (T7) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 and 55 DAS, (T8) RDF + Zn solubilizer as soil application, (T9) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + Zn solubilizer as soil application, (T10) RDF + Spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 DAS, (T11) RDF + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 and 55 DAS, (T12) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 PPM salicylic acid at 35 DAS, (T13) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 and 55 DAS and (T14) No RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1] which were replicated three times in randomized block design(RBD). Results showed that growth parameters, yield attributes and yield of soybean were significantly affected by zinc application strategies. It was found that treatment of RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 and 55 DAS (T13) had been found best in terms of growth, yield attributes and yield of soybean.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"434 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83606884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-24DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430810
R. P. S. Mydhili Teja, K. Ravichandra, J. Dawson
Baby corn has a high monetary value, which allows for crop diversification value addition, and revenue generating. As a result, agro-techniques for its cultivation must be standardised. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during the rabi season in black clayey soils at Fodder Production Farm of Livestock Research Station, Sri Venkateswara veterinary University, Lam Farm, Guntur-522034, Andhra Pradesh, India to find out the Influence of different levels of phosphorus (40, 50, 60 kg/ha) and various row spacings (40 x 15 cm, 45 x 15 cm, 50 x 15 cm) on growth and yield of baby corn. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Block Design with nine treatments each replicated thrice. It is observed that crop established with 50 x 15 cm spacing along with application of 50 kg/ha Phosphorus produced Maximum growth attributes viz. Plant height (161.10 cm), Numbers of leaves (12.47), Plant dry weight (90.21 g/plant) and yield attributes viz. No. of cobs/ plant (4.03), Length of cob (24.34 cm), Length of corn (9.47 cm), Cob weight (56.38 g), corn weight (11.61 g), Cob yield (35696.67 kg/ha), Corn yield (7560 kg/ha).
{"title":"Growth and Yield Performance of Baby Corn (Zea mays l.) as Influenced by Row Spacing and Phosphorus Application in Black Cotton Soils of Krishna Zone of Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"R. P. S. Mydhili Teja, K. Ravichandra, J. Dawson","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430810","url":null,"abstract":"Baby corn has a high monetary value, which allows for crop diversification value addition, and revenue generating. As a result, agro-techniques for its cultivation must be standardised. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during the rabi season in black clayey soils at Fodder Production Farm of Livestock Research Station, Sri Venkateswara veterinary University, Lam Farm, Guntur-522034, Andhra Pradesh, India to find out the Influence of different levels of phosphorus (40, 50, 60 kg/ha) and various row spacings (40 x 15 cm, 45 x 15 cm, 50 x 15 cm) on growth and yield of baby corn. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Block Design with nine treatments each replicated thrice. It is observed that crop established with 50 x 15 cm spacing along with application of 50 kg/ha Phosphorus produced Maximum growth attributes viz. Plant height (161.10 cm), Numbers of leaves (12.47), Plant dry weight (90.21 g/plant) and yield attributes viz. No. of cobs/ plant (4.03), Length of cob (24.34 cm), Length of corn (9.47 cm), Cob weight (56.38 g), corn weight (11.61 g), Cob yield (35696.67 kg/ha), Corn yield (7560 kg/ha).","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79436099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-24DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430806
K. Chandra Bose, D. Selvi, T. Chitdeshwari, T. Saraswathi, D. Balachandar, P. Jeyakumar
Knowledge about distribution and bio availability of micronutrients is critically needed for better production of agricultural products both quantitatively and qualitatively. The study intended to evaluate the micronutrient status, availability and its interaction with soil properties in the vegetable ecosystem. This study looks at the availability of micronutrient metal cation with their diversified soil properties. A total number of 25 surface soil samples were collected from major vegetable growing areas and basic soil parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, clay, cation exchange capacity, and free CaCO3 were examined. Micronutrients, both total and accessible, were also determined in soil. Zn and Fe deficiencies were found to a tune of 36 and 24 percent respectively in the overall soil samples, respectively. Deficiencies in Mn and Cu were found in extremely small quantities. Calcareous soils contribute to 40% of the soils analysed. Among the different soil properties, pH and CaCO3 showed a significant negative impact on micronutrient bioavailability whereas organic carbon and clay enhances the availability of micronutrients. The total micronutrient was not significantly correlated with the bioavailability of their respective nutrients.
{"title":"Metal Nutrient Distribution and Availability in Vegetable Growing Soils of Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu","authors":"K. Chandra Bose, D. Selvi, T. Chitdeshwari, T. Saraswathi, D. Balachandar, P. Jeyakumar","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430806","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge about distribution and bio availability of micronutrients is critically needed for better production of agricultural products both quantitatively and qualitatively. The study intended to evaluate the micronutrient status, availability and its interaction with soil properties in the vegetable ecosystem. This study looks at the availability of micronutrient metal cation with their diversified soil properties. A total number of 25 surface soil samples were collected from major vegetable growing areas and basic soil parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, clay, cation exchange capacity, and free CaCO3 were examined. Micronutrients, both total and accessible, were also determined in soil. Zn and Fe deficiencies were found to a tune of 36 and 24 percent respectively in the overall soil samples, respectively. Deficiencies in Mn and Cu were found in extremely small quantities. Calcareous soils contribute to 40% of the soils analysed. Among the different soil properties, pH and CaCO3 showed a significant negative impact on micronutrient bioavailability whereas organic carbon and clay enhances the availability of micronutrients. The total micronutrient was not significantly correlated with the bioavailability of their respective nutrients.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83315765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-23DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430802
B. S. R. Niivedidhaa, N. Maragatham, N. Thavaprakaash, P. Santhy, M. Maheswari
The residual effect of vermicomposts applied on preceding rice crop to the succeeding greengram under the rice- pulses cropping system was studied. The experiment was conducted at the wetland farms, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore by following the randomized complete block design (RBD) with 11 treatments and replicated thrice. After harvest of rice, greengram was raised as residual crop. The treatments followed were vermicomposts prepared from Eudrilus eugeniae + paddy straw (T1), Eudrilus eugeniae + coconut wastes (T2), Eudrilus eugeniae + Vegetable wastes(T3), Eudrilus eugeniae + farm wastes(T4), Eudrilus eugeniae + farm yard manure (FYM) (T5), Eisenia foetida + pady straw(T6), Eisenia foetida + coconut wastes(T7), Eisenia foetida + vegetable wastes(T8), Eisenia foetida + farm wastes(T9), Eisenia foetida + farm yard manure (FYM) (T10) and absolute control (T11). The result indicated that there was a residual effect of vermicompost in the greengram crop after rice. The residual effect in the treatment T2 (Eudrilus eugeniae + coconut wastes) found superior on growth parameters of greengram viz., plant height, drymatter production (DMP) and number of pods plant-1 and on seed and haulm yields than all other treatments. The treatment T2 (Eudrilus eugeniae + coconut wastes) was comparable to the treatment T7 (Eisenia foetida + coconut wastes). The lower growth and yield were found in the treatment Absolute control (T11). Among the treatments, the coconut wastes with the earthworm species Eudrilus eugeniae and Eisenia foetida performed well with better growth and yield of the greengram crop than the other wastes.
{"title":"Residual Effect of Various Types of Vermicomposts on Growth and Yield of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.) in Rice-pulses Cropping System","authors":"B. S. R. Niivedidhaa, N. Maragatham, N. Thavaprakaash, P. Santhy, M. Maheswari","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430802","url":null,"abstract":"The residual effect of vermicomposts applied on preceding rice crop to the succeeding greengram under the rice- pulses cropping system was studied. The experiment was conducted at the wetland farms, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore by following the randomized complete block design (RBD) with 11 treatments and replicated thrice. After harvest of rice, greengram was raised as residual crop. The treatments followed were vermicomposts prepared from Eudrilus eugeniae + paddy straw (T1), Eudrilus eugeniae + coconut wastes (T2), Eudrilus eugeniae + Vegetable wastes(T3), Eudrilus eugeniae + farm wastes(T4), Eudrilus eugeniae + farm yard manure (FYM) (T5), Eisenia foetida + pady straw(T6), Eisenia foetida + coconut wastes(T7), Eisenia foetida + vegetable wastes(T8), Eisenia foetida + farm wastes(T9), Eisenia foetida + farm yard manure (FYM) (T10) and absolute control (T11). The result indicated that there was a residual effect of vermicompost in the greengram crop after rice. The residual effect in the treatment T2 (Eudrilus eugeniae + coconut wastes) found superior on growth parameters of greengram viz., plant height, drymatter production (DMP) and number of pods plant-1 and on seed and haulm yields than all other treatments. The treatment T2 (Eudrilus eugeniae + coconut wastes) was comparable to the treatment T7 (Eisenia foetida + coconut wastes). The lower growth and yield were found in the treatment Absolute control (T11). Among the treatments, the coconut wastes with the earthworm species Eudrilus eugeniae and Eisenia foetida performed well with better growth and yield of the greengram crop than the other wastes.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91135376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-23DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430803
Moshira A. El-Shamy, A. Kasem, M. Mahmoud, Ibrahim Mohamed Abd El-Fattah
Irrigation with intensive intercropping, in water scarce region is evaluated and optimized. Water productivity (WP) is taken as an indicator and quantified. A field experiment was carried out in Sakha Agricultural Research Station in Egypt during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 seasons. A split plot design was applied, main plots were devoted for irrigation treatments of two (I1), three (I2) and four (I3) irrigations. Whereas fennouil, red radish and brassica crops were intercropped with faba bean in the sub-plots. Results showed that the highest yield and yield attributes of faba bean were obtained from irrigation treatment of I3, faba bean with fennouil intercropping and the interaction between faba bean intercropping with fennouil and irrigation treatment of I3 in both seasons. Water consumptive use was increased by 17% and 24% after irrigation treatment of I2 and I3 compared to I1. Applied water were reduced by 21.6% and 8.2% for I1 and I2 compared to I3. The highest value of WP was obtained from the interaction between irrigation treatment I3 and faba bean with fennouil intercropping. It could be concluded that applying the interaction of I1 and faba bean with fennouil intercropping, because it saved significant amount of irrigation water and enhanced water productivity.
{"title":"Faba Bean Yield and Water Productivity as Affected by Irrigation and Intercropping Systems","authors":"Moshira A. El-Shamy, A. Kasem, M. Mahmoud, Ibrahim Mohamed Abd El-Fattah","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430803","url":null,"abstract":"Irrigation with intensive intercropping, in water scarce region is evaluated and optimized. Water productivity (WP) is taken as an indicator and quantified. A field experiment was carried out in Sakha Agricultural Research Station in Egypt during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 seasons. A split plot design was applied, main plots were devoted for irrigation treatments of two (I1), three (I2) and four (I3) irrigations. Whereas fennouil, red radish and brassica crops were intercropped with faba bean in the sub-plots. Results showed that the highest yield and yield attributes of faba bean were obtained from irrigation treatment of I3, faba bean with fennouil intercropping and the interaction between faba bean intercropping with fennouil and irrigation treatment of I3 in both seasons. Water consumptive use was increased by 17% and 24% after irrigation treatment of I2 and I3 compared to I1. Applied water were reduced by 21.6% and 8.2% for I1 and I2 compared to I3. The highest value of WP was obtained from the interaction between irrigation treatment I3 and faba bean with fennouil intercropping. It could be concluded that applying the interaction of I1 and faba bean with fennouil intercropping, because it saved significant amount of irrigation water and enhanced water productivity.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"9 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79849309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-23DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430801
Raies A. Bhat, Faizan Ahmad, T. A. Ahngar, T. A. Shiekh, Z. Rashid, W. Raja, Latief Ahmad, S. Hakeem, Mumtahin Ul Kousar, R. Nissar, Z. Dar
Fodder availability in cold arid regions is from 40 to 50 percent of real need, but in some areas it exceeds 50 percent [1]. Alfalfa, which is the sole fodder accessible to farmers and is dried and given to animals throughout the winter, is insufficient to meet the winter fodder shortfall. The region has a 73 percent fodder deficiency, according to reports [1]. The region's large fodder shortfall explains why the fodder development initiative is so important. Ladakh's freezing desert terrain has a lengthy, harsh winter that lasts 7-8 months and is devoid of any vegetation. During the winter, the entire animal rearing depends on the stored feed. Keeping these facts in view a field experiment entitled “Evaluation of fodder maize (Zea mays L.) Cv. African tall and its response to different rates of farmyard manure (FYM) and Biofertilizers under cold arid conditions of Kargil” was carried out at the research farm of Mountain Agriculture Research and Extension Station Kargil for the years 2015-16 and 2016-17 on silty clay loam soil low in available nitrogen and medium in available phosphorus and potassium with neutral pH. The experiment comprised of two factors viz., Bio fertilizers (B1: Azotobactor, B2: Phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB), B3: Azospirillium, B4: Azotobactor + PSB, B5: Azospirillium + PSB) and three FYM rates (R₁= 10 t ha⁻¹, R₂ =20 t ha⁻¹ and R₃ = 30 t ha⁻¹) was laid out in a Randomized block design replicated thrice, given nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as per recommended package. The results revealed that highest plant height, number of leaves, stem girth and fodder yield were realized from the treatment comprising of FYM @30 t ha⁻¹ + Azotobactor + PSB treatment among all the treatments. Also crude protein and crude fibre were recorded to be higher with the treatment of FYM @30 t ha⁻¹ + Azotobactor + PSB.
在寒冷干旱地区，饲料供应量为实际需求的40%至50%，但在某些地区超过50%[1]。紫花苜蓿是农民唯一可获得的饲料，在整个冬季干燥后喂给动物，但它不足以满足冬季饲料的短缺。据报道[1]，该地区73%的饲料缺乏。该地区饲料的严重短缺解释了为什么饲料发展倡议如此重要。拉达克寒冷的沙漠地形有一个漫长而严酷的冬天，持续7-8个月，没有任何植被。在冬季，整个动物饲养依赖于储存的饲料。考虑到这些事实，一项名为“饲料玉米(Zea mays L.)评价”的田间试验简历。在卡吉尔山区农业研究推广站研究农场，于2015-16和2016-17年在低速效氮、中速效磷、中速效钾、ph为中性的粉质粘土壤土上，对“卡吉尔寒冷干旱条件下非洲高大植物及其对不同比例农家粪肥和生物肥料的响应”进行了试验。试验包括两个因素:生物肥料(B1:固氮菌，B2:增磷细菌(PSB)， B3:偶氮螺旋体，B4:偶氮细菌+ PSB, B5:偶氮螺旋体+ PSB)和三个FYM比率(R₁= 10 t ha毒血症，R₂=20 t ha毒血症和R₃= 30 t ha毒血症)以随机区设计的方式被设计了三次，按照推荐的包装给予氮、磷和钾。结果表明，在所有处理中，以fmm @30 t(毒蕈毒蕈+偶氮菌+ PSB)处理的株高、叶数、茎周长和饲料产量最高。此外，经fmm @30处理后的粗蛋白质和粗纤维含量也比(⁻¹+偶氮细菌+ PSB)高。
{"title":"Evaluation of Fodder Maize (Zea mays L.) Cv. African Tall and its Response to Different Rates of FYM and Biofertilizers under Cold arid Conditions of Kargil","authors":"Raies A. Bhat, Faizan Ahmad, T. A. Ahngar, T. A. Shiekh, Z. Rashid, W. Raja, Latief Ahmad, S. Hakeem, Mumtahin Ul Kousar, R. Nissar, Z. Dar","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430801","url":null,"abstract":"Fodder availability in cold arid regions is from 40 to 50 percent of real need, but in some areas it exceeds 50 percent [1]. Alfalfa, which is the sole fodder accessible to farmers and is dried and given to animals throughout the winter, is insufficient to meet the winter fodder shortfall. The region has a 73 percent fodder deficiency, according to reports [1]. The region's large fodder shortfall explains why the fodder development initiative is so important. Ladakh's freezing desert terrain has a lengthy, harsh winter that lasts 7-8 months and is devoid of any vegetation. During the winter, the entire animal rearing depends on the stored feed. Keeping these facts in view a field experiment entitled “Evaluation of fodder maize (Zea mays L.) Cv. African tall and its response to different rates of farmyard manure (FYM) and Biofertilizers under cold arid conditions of Kargil” was carried out at the research farm of Mountain Agriculture Research and Extension Station Kargil for the years 2015-16 and 2016-17 on silty clay loam soil low in available nitrogen and medium in available phosphorus and potassium with neutral pH. The experiment comprised of two factors viz., Bio fertilizers (B1: Azotobactor, B2: Phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB), B3: Azospirillium, B4: Azotobactor + PSB, B5: Azospirillium + PSB) and three FYM rates (R₁= 10 t ha⁻¹, R₂ =20 t ha⁻¹ and R₃ = 30 t ha⁻¹) was laid out in a Randomized block design replicated thrice, given nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as per recommended package. The results revealed that highest plant height, number of leaves, stem girth and fodder yield were realized from the treatment comprising of FYM @30 t ha⁻¹ + Azotobactor + PSB treatment among all the treatments. Also crude protein and crude fibre were recorded to be higher with the treatment of FYM @30 t ha⁻¹ + Azotobactor + PSB.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78991810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430800
F. D. Prisca Seeli, S. Manonmani, M. Raveendran, P. Jeyakumar, R. Pushpam
Changes in climatic conditions especially unpredictable drought occurrences are challenging for food security. The present investigation was carried out to improve the grain yield in Improved White Ponni (IWP) rice under reproductive stage drought stress. This variety is well known for its grain quality. Physiological changes, grain yield and related traits under drought were evaluated in the advanced breeding lines of Improved White Ponni X Apo containing qDTY 3.1. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural university, Coimbatore during 2020. Two superior backcross inbred lines of IWP X Apo, donor parent and recipient parent were raised under water stress in rain out shelter as well as in well irrigated conditions in replications. Soil moisture content was reduced to 12.7% in drought field showing the stress severity. Physiological parameters such as photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and relative water content, Yield and related traits such as days to fifty percent flowering, productive tillers, spikelet fertility, grain yield and grain weight were recorded in the BILs and parents during flowering stages. Reduction was observed in all these traits under water stress. However, in comparison with IWP (94.6%) which lacks qDTY 3.1, BILs with qDTY 3.1 showed less reduction in grain yield (63%) and other traits. Earliness was also observed in qDTY 3.1 containing BILs under drought stress (BILs - 106 days, IWP-117 days) and controlled conditions (BILs- 83 days, IWP-107 days) when compared to IWP. Grain quality estimates in the BILs showed similarity to IWP. These BILs need to be evaluated further for confirmation of drought tolerance and they are effective resources for utilisation in drought breeding programmes.
气候条件的变化，特别是不可预测的干旱，对粮食安全构成挑战。本试验旨在提高育成期干旱胁迫下改良白锦江水稻的产量。这个品种以其谷物品质而闻名。以含qDTY 3.1的改良白锦江X Apo高级选品系为材料，评价了干旱条件下的生理变化、产量及相关性状。该实验于2020年在哥印拜陀泰米尔纳德邦农业大学植物育种和遗传中心水稻系进行。对IWP X Apo 2个优良回交自交系，供体亲本和受体亲本在雨棚和灌水条件下进行了重复培养。干旱地区土壤含水量降至12.7%，表现出胁迫的严重程度。记录了植株和亲本在花期的光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、叶绿素含量和相对含水量等生理参数、产量以及开花天数至50%、有效分蘖、小穗育性、籽粒产量和粒重等相关性状。这些性状在水分胁迫下均有所降低。但与缺乏qDTY 3.1的IWP(94.6%)相比，qDTY 3.1的BILs在籽粒产量和其他性状上的降低幅度较小(63%)。与IWP相比，干旱胁迫(BILs- 106天，IWP-117天)和对照条件(BILs- 83天，IWP-107天)下含有BILs的qDTY 3.1的早熟性也有所提高。BILs对粮食品质的估计与IWP相似。这些bil需要进一步评估，以确认其耐旱性，它们是干旱育种计划中利用的有效资源。
{"title":"Development of Drought Tolerant Rice Breeding Lines of an Elite Indian Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Variety Improved White Ponni through Molecular Breeding","authors":"F. D. Prisca Seeli, S. Manonmani, M. Raveendran, P. Jeyakumar, R. Pushpam","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430800","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in climatic conditions especially unpredictable drought occurrences are challenging for food security. The present investigation was carried out to improve the grain yield in Improved White Ponni (IWP) rice under reproductive stage drought stress. This variety is well known for its grain quality. Physiological changes, grain yield and related traits under drought were evaluated in the advanced breeding lines of Improved White Ponni X Apo containing qDTY 3.1. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural university, Coimbatore during 2020. Two superior backcross inbred lines of IWP X Apo, donor parent and recipient parent were raised under water stress in rain out shelter as well as in well irrigated conditions in replications. Soil moisture content was reduced to 12.7% in drought field showing the stress severity. Physiological parameters such as photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and relative water content, Yield and related traits such as days to fifty percent flowering, productive tillers, spikelet fertility, grain yield and grain weight were recorded in the BILs and parents during flowering stages. Reduction was observed in all these traits under water stress. However, in comparison with IWP (94.6%) which lacks qDTY 3.1, BILs with qDTY 3.1 showed less reduction in grain yield (63%) and other traits. Earliness was also observed in qDTY 3.1 containing BILs under drought stress (BILs - 106 days, IWP-117 days) and controlled conditions (BILs- 83 days, IWP-107 days) when compared to IWP. Grain quality estimates in the BILs showed similarity to IWP. These BILs need to be evaluated further for confirmation of drought tolerance and they are effective resources for utilisation in drought breeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81598535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430799
S. Singh, Pooja Singh, Amrutlal R. Khaire, M. Korada, D. Singh, P. K. Majhi, S. Jayasudha
Assessment of variability and trait associations in a crop helps to enhance selection efficiency. With this objective, a study was conducted to estimate the genetic variability, character association and path coefficient analysis for grain yield and its component traits in 80 rice genotypes during Kharif-2020. Eighty genotypes including eight checks were evaluated in alpha lattice design with three replications. For all of the traits studied, the results revealed significant variance in all genotypes.PCV was found to be slightly more than the corresponding GCV for all the characters, indicating the role of environment in the expression of these traits. However, high GCV and high PCV were observed for number of effective tillers, grain yield per plot, number of filled grains per panicle, number of unfilled grains per panicle, biomass yield, harvest index, grain yield per plant and grain yield per hectare. Furthermore, all of the variables investigated had strong heritability and high genetic progress as a percentage of mean, with the exception of days to 50% blooming, days to maturity, and kernel breadth. Days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, spikelet fertility percentage, number of filled grains per panicle, harvest index and kernel length showed a significant and positive association with grain yield per plot. Highest direct contribution to grain yield per plot was manifested by kernel length, harvest index and spikelet fertility percent. Days to first flowering, days to maturity, number of effective tillers, number of unfilled grains per panicle, test weight, biomass yield were also found to exert a positive effect on yield, thus can be considered as desirable traits for selection in high yielding genotypes.
{"title":"Genetic Variability, Character Association and Path Analysis for Yield and its Related Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes","authors":"S. Singh, Pooja Singh, Amrutlal R. Khaire, M. Korada, D. Singh, P. K. Majhi, S. Jayasudha","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430799","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment of variability and trait associations in a crop helps to enhance selection efficiency. With this objective, a study was conducted to estimate the genetic variability, character association and path coefficient analysis for grain yield and its component traits in 80 rice genotypes during Kharif-2020. Eighty genotypes including eight checks were evaluated in alpha lattice design with three replications. For all of the traits studied, the results revealed significant variance in all genotypes.PCV was found to be slightly more than the corresponding GCV for all the characters, indicating the role of environment in the expression of these traits. However, high GCV and high PCV were observed for number of effective tillers, grain yield per plot, number of filled grains per panicle, number of unfilled grains per panicle, biomass yield, harvest index, grain yield per plant and grain yield per hectare. Furthermore, all of the variables investigated had strong heritability and high genetic progress as a percentage of mean, with the exception of days to 50% blooming, days to maturity, and kernel breadth. Days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, spikelet fertility percentage, number of filled grains per panicle, harvest index and kernel length showed a significant and positive association with grain yield per plot. Highest direct contribution to grain yield per plot was manifested by kernel length, harvest index and spikelet fertility percent. Days to first flowering, days to maturity, number of effective tillers, number of unfilled grains per panicle, test weight, biomass yield were also found to exert a positive effect on yield, thus can be considered as desirable traits for selection in high yielding genotypes.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83817189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430797
S. Kumar, S. Dwivedi, Sarjeet Singh, G. –, P. Kumar
An experiment to assess the “Productivity and economic feasibility of lateral arrangement and nutrient management in aerobic rice” was conducted at the Instructional-cum-Research Farm, I.G.K.V, Raipur, (C.G.) during kharif season of 2018. The soil of experimental field was clayey (Vertisols) in texture. The trial was laid out in strip plot design viz., horizontal strips consist of 3 lateral arrangements and vertical strips consist of 4 nutrient management with 12 treatment combinations. The treatments consisted of 3 lateral arrangements viz., M1- lateral at 25 cm (1 LPH/0.3 metre spacing), M2- lateral at 50 cm (2 LPH/0.3 metre spacing) and M3- conventional practice and 4 nutrient management of N1- 50 % RDF, N2 - 100 % RDF, N3 - 150 % RDF and N4 - STCR- based fertilizer recommendation. Aerobic rice variety Indira aerobic -1 was used for trial. The sowing was done on 20th June, 2018 at 20 cm of spacing and harvesting of crop was done on 7th October, 2018. The results of trial revealed that the growth parameters like plant height (cm), number of leaves hill-1, dry matter accumulation hill-1 (g), number of tillers (m-2) and grain yield (t ha-1) were significantly higher under lateral arrangement at 25 cm (M1). However, lowest value of all these parameters were obtained in conventional practice (M3). Similarly, all these characters were also higher among nutrient management with application of STCR based fertilizer (N4). Remarkably, lowest values were obtained with application of 50 % RDF (N1).
2018年秋收季节，在印度赖布尔(Raipur) I.G.K.V教学研究型农场进行了一项评估“需氧水稻横向布置和养分管理的生产力和经济可行性”的试验。试验田土壤质地为粘土(versols)。试验采用条形小区设计，水平条形小区由3个横向布置组成，垂直条形小区由4个养分管理组成，共12个处理组合。处理包括3种横向安排，即M1-横向25 cm (1 LPH/0.3 m间距)，M2-横向50 cm (2 LPH/0.3 m间距)和M3-常规做法和4种养分管理，即N1- 50% RDF, N2 - 100% RDF, N3 - 150% RDF和N4 - STCR为基础的肥料推荐。以好氧水稻品种英迪拉好氧-1为试验材料。播种于2018年6月20日，间隔20厘米，收成于2018年10月7日完成。试验结果表明，在25 cm (M1)水平布置下，水稻株高(cm)、叶数hill-1、干物质积累hill-1 (g)、分蘖数(m-2)和籽粒产量(t ha-1)均显著提高。而在常规实践中，这些参数的最小值为M3。同样，施用STCR基氮肥(N4)的养分管理中，这些性状也较高。当RDF (N1)用量为50%时，其值最低。
{"title":"Productivity of Aerobic Rice under Different Lateral Arrangement and Nutrient Management","authors":"S. Kumar, S. Dwivedi, Sarjeet Singh, G. –, P. Kumar","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430797","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment to assess the “Productivity and economic feasibility of lateral arrangement and nutrient management in aerobic rice” was conducted at the Instructional-cum-Research Farm, I.G.K.V, Raipur, (C.G.) during kharif season of 2018. The soil of experimental field was clayey (Vertisols) in texture. The trial was laid out in strip plot design viz., horizontal strips consist of 3 lateral arrangements and vertical strips consist of 4 nutrient management with 12 treatment combinations. The treatments consisted of 3 lateral arrangements viz., M1- lateral at 25 cm (1 LPH/0.3 metre spacing), M2- lateral at 50 cm (2 LPH/0.3 metre spacing) and M3- conventional practice and 4 nutrient management of N1- 50 % RDF, N2 - 100 % RDF, N3 - 150 % RDF and N4 - STCR- based fertilizer recommendation. Aerobic rice variety Indira aerobic -1 was used for trial. The sowing was done on 20th June, 2018 at 20 cm of spacing and harvesting of crop was done on 7th October, 2018. \u0000The results of trial revealed that the growth parameters like plant height (cm), number of leaves hill-1, dry matter accumulation hill-1 (g), number of tillers (m-2) and grain yield (t ha-1) were significantly higher under lateral arrangement at 25 cm (M1). However, lowest value of all these parameters were obtained in conventional practice (M3). Similarly, all these characters were also higher among nutrient management with application of STCR based fertilizer (N4). Remarkably, lowest values were obtained with application of 50 % RDF (N1).","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72620972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430791
Bertrand Wang-Bara, Philémon Kaouvon, Jacques Djida Housseini, Sounou Paul Alioum, D. Danra Djackba
Aims: Study aims to evaluate the effect of chicken manure and mycorrhiza levels as fertilizers on vegetative growth and on phenological stages of Sorghum in Far North Cameroon. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Valorization Station of Agricultural Research (PSAR) of Yagoua. Methodology: For this study, variety S-35 of Sorghum have used. Three levels of fertilization were used to evaluate germination rates, vegetative growth and phenology of this variety. The levels of fertilizers applied were 20 g of mycorrhiza, 50 g of organic manure and 20+50g of effect combined mycorrhiza+organic manure in comparison to the check (0g). The experimental design was the randomized block design with 3 replications. After evaluation of germination rates in the farm, we had evaluated the height, diameters and precocity of plants. Results: Uses of different levels of fertilization on germination rates were important for all the levels of fertilizers compared to the control (27. 5 %). It’s varying from 52.5 % for the chicken manure, followed by the effect of combined treatments (45 %) and bio-fertilizers with 67 %. Compared to the check, the use of chicken manure as fertilization was most significant (P<0.05) on the height of plants during the vegetative growth. The diameters of plants according to the different treatments were most significant (P<0.05) respectively by the supplies of chicken manure, the effect of both treatments (mycorrhiza+chicken manure) and mycorrhiza treatment. Theses different levels fertilization was influenced the phenological stages of plants especially first flowering of plants days after sowing. Flowering of plants at 50 % was most favorable for the treatments based on the uses chicken manure and the combined effect of treatments (mycorrhiza+chicken manure). Conclusion: Uses of chicken manure and mycorrhiza as fertilizers on Sorghum were significant to the vegetative growth and flowering stages of plants. Levels of chicken manure had positive effect on plant height. Plants diameters were most positively affected by organic manure, mycorrhiza and the effect of both treatments during growing of plants.
{"title":"Effects of Fertilization Based on Chicken Manures and Mycorrhiza on Vegetative Parameters and Phenological Stages of Sorghum bicolor in Yagoua, Far-North Cameroon","authors":"Bertrand Wang-Bara, Philémon Kaouvon, Jacques Djida Housseini, Sounou Paul Alioum, D. Danra Djackba","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i2430791","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Study aims to evaluate the effect of chicken manure and mycorrhiza levels as fertilizers on vegetative growth and on phenological stages of Sorghum in Far North Cameroon. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Valorization Station of Agricultural Research (PSAR) of Yagoua. \u0000Methodology: For this study, variety S-35 of Sorghum have used. Three levels of fertilization were used to evaluate germination rates, vegetative growth and phenology of this variety. The levels of fertilizers applied were 20 g of mycorrhiza, 50 g of organic manure and 20+50g of effect combined mycorrhiza+organic manure in comparison to the check (0g). The experimental design was the randomized block design with 3 replications. After evaluation of germination rates in the farm, we had evaluated the height, diameters and precocity of plants. \u0000Results: Uses of different levels of fertilization on germination rates were important for all the levels of fertilizers compared to the control (27. 5 %). It’s varying from 52.5 % for the chicken manure, followed by the effect of combined treatments (45 %) and bio-fertilizers with 67 %. Compared to the check, the use of chicken manure as fertilization was most significant (P<0.05) on the height of plants during the vegetative growth. The diameters of plants according to the different treatments were most significant (P<0.05) respectively by the supplies of chicken manure, the effect of both treatments (mycorrhiza+chicken manure) and mycorrhiza treatment. Theses different levels fertilization was influenced the phenological stages of plants especially first flowering of plants days after sowing. Flowering of plants at 50 % was most favorable for the treatments based on the uses chicken manure and the combined effect of treatments (mycorrhiza+chicken manure). \u0000Conclusion: Uses of chicken manure and mycorrhiza as fertilizers on Sorghum were significant to the vegetative growth and flowering stages of plants. Levels of chicken manure had positive effect on plant height. Plants diameters were most positively affected by organic manure, mycorrhiza and the effect of both treatments during growing of plants.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75136457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：