Pub Date : 2020-07-13DOI: 10.18357/tar111202019458
B. Seward
The Journey of CELASTENOT is a look into my language learning journey and the passion behind the path I have chosen for my communities, for my families, and for myself as an Indigenous woman, mother, child, and grandchild.
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Pub Date : 2020-07-13DOI: 10.18357/tar111202019461
Charlene Menacho
Colonization has affected Indigenous communities and created a major shift in Indigenous ways of being,knowing, and doing. This letter explores how colonization has caused trauma for Indigenous communities,specifically Dene men in the Northwest Territories. As a Dene woman and current student in a social workprogram, I work to uphold my responsibility to learn and be a resource to my people. In this letter, I willdiscuss the impacts of colonization on Dene men as a source of trauma, and the importance of returningto the land to heal oneself through Dene practices. I begin by discussing Dene people’s relationship tothe land as conveyed through our Creation Story. Next, I provide an overview of Dene experiences ofcolonization and systemic oppression. I then reflect on healing our historical trauma by returning to theland and allowing the land to heal us through ceremony. Keywords: Colonization, trauma, Dene
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Pub Date : 2020-07-13DOI: 10.18357/tar111202019460
Olivia Caroline Ryan-Schmidt
Trauma holds a sacred space in the knowledge bundles of many Indigenous helpers, including myself.A knowledge bundle represents the knowledge that an individual holds within themselves. This bundleconsists of experiential knowledge, knowledge shared through teachings, and knowledge received throughgenetic memory. This article explores the potential trauma Indigenous social workers may face priorto practice, within post-secondary programs, and during practice. The literature written by Indigenoushelpers working alongside trauma in the field of social work provides incredibly valuable knowledge forcurrent helpers, as well as for students just beginning their journey into the social work field. How mightIndigenous helpers working within the field of social work care for the trauma they may carry within theirown knowledge bundles? This article examines how Indigenous helpers prepare to work with trauma,how they may navigate trauma within practice, and what happens after re-stimulation of traumatic events.
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Pub Date : 2020-07-13DOI: 10.18357/tar111202019427
M. Burns
This paper illustrates Indigenous sexual being on the unceded territories of the xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam),Sḵwx̱wú7mesh (Squamish), and səl̓ilwətaɁɬ (Tsleil-Waututh) Nations, through a narrative of resurgenceand sovereignty. Discussions regarding Indigenous sexual being in Vancouver within scholarship andmedia tend to share a single story which focuses narrowly on a theme of violence. This paper utilizesthe Indigenous concept of a Sovereign Erotic (Driskill, 2004) to illustrate how sexuality can be used as asovereignty practice. I exemplify this concept as an active practice of decolonization through erotics byexploring the works of Virago Nation, an all-Indigenous burlesque group. This paper works to exposenarratives of colonization and gendered violence in Vancouver, in order to share a competing narrativeof sovereignty through sexuality. This narrative of sovereignty provides a broader scope of Indigenoussexuality in Vancouver by including those who reflect resurgence, reclamation, and hope.
本文通过对复兴和主权的叙述，阐述了在未被割让领土上的x æ m æ θk æ k y æ æ m (Musqueam)，Sḵwx æ wú7mesh (Squamish)和s æ l æ ilw æ taɁ æ (Tsleil-Waututh)民族的土著性存在。学术界和媒体对温哥华原住民性行为的讨论，往往只聚焦于暴力这一主题。这篇论文利用了主权情爱的土著概念(Driskill, 2004)来说明性行为如何被用作主权实践。我通过探索维拉戈民族(一个全土著的滑稽团体)的作品，将这一概念作为一种积极的通过色情来非殖民化的实践。本文通过对温哥华的殖民和性别暴力的叙述，分享了一种通过性来表达主权的竞争性叙述。这种主权叙事通过包括那些反映复兴，开垦和希望的人，为温哥华的土著性行为提供了更广泛的范围。
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Pub Date : 2019-10-04DOI: 10.18357/tar101201918930
L. Frost
As a theatre and gender studies double major at the University of Victoria, I have been ableto critically think about the ways each of my fields of study could benefit the other. In myexperience, many courses in the UVic Department of Theatre generally focus on dramatic texts andtheoretical literature written by white men. Consequently, contributions to the theatre by women,people of colour, and/or non-Western theatre practitioners are largely dismissed or ignored. Myfrustration with this pattern was what led me to create Big Daddy Lives or Don’t Say the F Word,a part scripted, part devised performance piece that staged scenes from classic and contemporaryplays using directing theory written by feminists, for feminists. I curated the excerpts, wrote thetransition-text, and directed the play using an intersectional feminist framework. The project wasan experiment in applying intersectional feminism to theatre directing in order to critique the waythe male-dominated canon of plays and theories shapes theatre education. Through this project, Ifound that intersectional feminist directing techniques foster collaboration; encourage discussionand mutual education about identity, oppression, and representation; and can be applied to theproduction of both classics and contemporary feminist plays and to the creation of new work by anensemble.
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Pub Date : 2019-10-04DOI: 10.18357/tar101201918931
Passia Pandora
One of the long-standing questions in the field of philosophy of mind is called the mind-body problem.The problem is this: given that minds and mental properties appear to be vastly different thanphysical objects and physical properties, how can the mind and body relate to and interact with eachother? Materialism is the currently preferred response to philosophy’s classic mind-body problem.Most contemporary philosophers of mind accept a materialist perspective with respect to the natureof reality. They believe that there is one reality and it is physical. One of the primary problemswith materialism has to do with the issue of physical reduction, that is, if everything is physical,how does the mental reduce to the physical? I argue that the materialistic model is problematicbecause it cannot sufficiently explain the reduction problem. Specifically, the materialist model doesnot account for our subjective experience, including qualia. I also consider the question of why thematerialist stance is so entrenched, given all the problems with the reduction problem that havebeen raised. I argue that the paradigmatic influence of materialism explains the puzzling conclusionsdrawn by philosophers. In closing, I argue that the failure of materialist perspectives to explainreduction is our invitation to take a fresh look at the alternatives. In support of my position, I will consider the reduction problem in two sections. In the first section I will present some contemporary arguments put forth by Jaegwon Kim, Ned Block, Thomas Nagel, John Searle, David Chalmers, Frank Jackson and Roger Penrose. These contemporary arguments address four different reduction problems. Although the arguments presented by Kim, Block, Searle, Nagel, Chalmers, Jackson and Penrose are compelling, I will argue that their arguments have not succeeded in altering the mainstream materialist viewpoint. In the second section of this paper, I will address three of my concerns regarding the reduction issue, i.e., 1) concerns regarding unresolved issues with respect to the reduction problem, 2) concerns that materialism cannot account for common characteristics of our mental experience 3) concerns regarding the validity of the materialist stance in general. In closing, I will argue that the failure of materialist perspectives to conclusively explain mind and consciousness is our invitation to take a fresh look at the alternatives. mind-body problem; materialism; physical reduction; qualia; point-of-view
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Pub Date : 2019-10-04DOI: 10.18357/tar101201918921
C. Reid
Pollination by insects is a mutualistic relationship in which flowers receive pollen for reproduction while pollinators are rewarded with pollen or nectar. Floral longevity (the period an individual flower blooms) and floral attraction (the period during which pollinators are attracted to the flower, often indicated by petal colour) both play prominent roles in plant and pollinator success. This study investigated whether floral longevity and floral attraction were mediated by pollination type in arctic lupine (Lupinus arcticus S. Wats.), a common herbaceous perennial in northwestern North America. Flowers were either open to pollinators, cross-pollinated by hand, or bagged to prevent cross-pollination, and floral longevity, seed set, and flower colour were observed. Open and hand-pollinated flowers had significantly shorter floral longevities and higher percent fruit sets than bagged flowers. A colour change of the banner petal marking from white to pink occurred in some flowers and was a signal of floral attraction, as pollinators preferentially visited pre-change flowers. Pre-change flowers contained more pollen and were less likely to have been injured by herbivory than post-change flowers, yet the colour change was not related to pollination type or fruit set. Pollination-induced shortening of floral longevity is likely an adaptation to limited plant resources and pollinator visitation rates. For L. arcticus, this could be influenced by short growing seasons and low annual temperatures in the study area. In the face of climatic changes and shifting species phenologies, the mediation of floral longevity by pollinators could decrease temporal mismatch between plants and their pollinators, yet the many factors at play make this difficult to accurately predict.
昆虫授粉是一种互惠关系，在这种关系中，花接受花粉进行繁殖，而传粉者则获得花粉或花蜜作为回报。花的寿命(一朵花开花的时间)和花的吸引力(花吸引传粉者的时间，通常由花瓣的颜色来表示)在植物和传粉者的成功中都起着重要的作用。摘要研究了北美西北部常见的草本多年生植物北极羽扇豆(Lupinus arcticus S. Wats.)的花寿命和花吸引是否受传粉类型的调节。花要么对传粉者开放，要么手工授粉，要么装袋防止异花授粉，观察花的寿命、结实率和花的颜色。与袋装花相比，开放花和手授粉花的花寿命显著缩短，坐果率显著提高。一些花的花瓣标记从白色变为粉红色，这是花吸引的信号，因为传粉者优先访问改变前的花。与变化后的花相比，变化前花含有更多的花粉，受草食伤害的可能性更小，但颜色变化与授粉类型和坐果无关。授粉导致的花寿命缩短可能是对有限的植物资源和传粉者访花率的适应。对于北极乳杆菌，这可能受到研究区生长季节短和年低温度的影响。在气候变化和物种物候变化的背景下，传粉媒介对植物寿命的调节可以减少植物与传粉媒介之间的时间不匹配，但其影响因素较多，难以准确预测。
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Pub Date : 2019-10-04DOI: 10.18357/tar101201918937
J. Ruszel
Recent literature on the history of family in Japan reveals that what is commonly understood as the “traditional” Japanese family—called the ie family—is largely a political construct that was institutionalized in Japan’s Meiji period (1868–1912). While the ie model was effectively removed from the US-imposed postwar constitution and replaced with the western nuclear family as the new ideal, this historical analysis reveals that the neo-Confucian principles and social structures of the ie model were reintegrated into Japan’s company work culture, to the degree that the ie continued to shape Japan’s collectivist social structures and identities well beyond the end of the war. This analysis highlights key ideologies employed by the ruling elite in modern Japan as a means of social control and nation building. It demonstrates a continuation of the historically close relationship between family and the state in postwar Japan that challenges deterministic notions of westernization applied to the Japanese context; it highlights articulations of family that complicate culturally bound conceptions that see it as inherently separate from the state, and clarifies the modern history of collectivist society in Japan.
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Pub Date : 2019-10-04DOI: 10.18357/tar101201918926
Lee Whitehorne
Language and music are uniquely human faculties, defined by a level of sophistication found onlyin our species. The ability to productively combine contrastive units of sound, namely words inlanguage and notes in music, underlies much of the vast communicative and expressive capacities ofthese systems. Though the intrinsic rules of syntax in language and music differ in many regards,they both lead to the construction of complex hierarchies of interconnected, functional units. Muchresearch has examined the overlap, distinction, and general neuropsychological nature of syntaxin language and music but, in comparison to the psycholinguistic study of sentence processing,musical structure has been regarded at a coarse level of detail, especially in terms of hierarchicaldependencies. The current research synthesizes recent ideas from the fields of generative music theory,linguistic syntax, and neurolinguistics to outline a more detailed, hierarchy-based methodology forinvestigating the brain’s processing of structures in music.
{"title":"The Sweet Sounds of Syntax: Music, Language, and the Investigation of Hierarchical Processing","authors":"Lee Whitehorne","doi":"10.18357/tar101201918926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18357/tar101201918926","url":null,"abstract":"Language and music are uniquely human faculties, defined by a level of sophistication found onlyin our species. The ability to productively combine contrastive units of sound, namely words inlanguage and notes in music, underlies much of the vast communicative and expressive capacities ofthese systems. Though the intrinsic rules of syntax in language and music differ in many regards,they both lead to the construction of complex hierarchies of interconnected, functional units. Muchresearch has examined the overlap, distinction, and general neuropsychological nature of syntaxin language and music but, in comparison to the psycholinguistic study of sentence processing,musical structure has been regarded at a coarse level of detail, especially in terms of hierarchicaldependencies. The current research synthesizes recent ideas from the fields of generative music theory,linguistic syntax, and neurolinguistics to outline a more detailed, hierarchy-based methodology forinvestigating the brain’s processing of structures in music.","PeriodicalId":143772,"journal":{"name":"The Arbutus Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116136553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-04DOI: 10.18357/tar101201918962
Nick Tamburri, M. Trites, D. Sheets, Andre P Smith, S. MacDonald
Rates of dementia continue to increase along with life expectancy. As neither dementia’s causenor its cure is well understood from the perspective of medical science, further investigations ofcomplementary lifestyle and non-pharmaceutical interventions are imperative. Although arts-basedtherapies have been explored selectively, the significance of these interventions for persons withdementia (PwD) remains undervalued in both the general population and scientific literature. Thisstudy aims to examine one promising lifestyle intervention, the effect of intergenerational choirparticipation, on psychosocial and cognitive function for PwD. Participants (n = 32), in partnershipwith their family caregivers and local high school students, participated in an intergenerational choirfor as many as three choir seasons spanning up to 18 months of follow-up. Participants underwent anexpansive assessment of psychosocial, physiological, and cognitive function every four to six weeksas part of an intensive repeated measures design. Here, the potential benefits of choir for PwD wereexplored in relation to change for select cognitive (Mini-Mental State Examination: MMSE; TrailMaking Task A: TMT-A; Word Recall) and psychosocial (Patient Health Questionnaire: PHQ-9)indicators. Multilevel modelling was used to index initial levels (at baseline) and change (spanningup to eight follow-up assessments) in function for measures of global cognition, executive functioning,episodic memory, and depressive symptoms. Notably, no significant declines were observed for MMSEor TMT-A tasks. As expected, episodic memory function continued to decline, with a significantlessening of depressive symptoms and signs observed for the PHQ-9. These results suggest thatdespite the progressive nature of underlying neuropathology for dementia subtypes like Alzheimer’sDisease, preservation of select cognitive functions as well as mitigation of psychosocial comorbidities(depressive symptoms) is possible through participation in an intergenerational choir.
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