Environment & Health最新文献

{"title":"Current Phthalate Exposure Risks of Rural Population in the Northwest China: Evidence from an Internal Exposure Study","authors":"Yawen Zheng, Liting Hua, Zining Zhang, Lin Zhu, Hongkai Zhu, Hongwen Sun, Hongzhi Zhao","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141109553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory connections of the folate cycle and pituitary-thyroid hormones in children from areas affected by the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant","authors":"Yu.I. Bandazhevskyi, N. Dubova","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2024.01.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2024.01.039","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to formulate a scientific conception about the regulatory connections of the folate cycle (FC) and the pituitary-thyroid axis based on the results of the authors’ research conducted when examining children from areas affected by the Chоrnobyl accident. Materials and methods: analytical, bibliographic. The research materials are published research articles by the authors. Results. During the statistical and correlation analysis of metabolic parameters of children from areas bordering the Chоrnobyl nuclear power plant, an association was revealed between FC and hormones of the pituitary-thyroid axis. A scientific conception is presented about the participation of homocysteine (Hcy) in the regulation of hormonogenesis of the thyroid gland (TG), according to which Hcy activates the synthesis of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the cells of the adenohypophysis (AH). In turn, TSH activates the process of T4 deodination with the formation of T3 in peripheral tissues. At the same time, Hcy is also directly involved in the formation of cysteine, a component of the coenzyme part of 5-Di deiodinase, which also enhances the process of T3 formation. T3, acting on the MTHFR FC, enhances the formation of CH3-MTHF, and thereby activates the process of Hcy methylation. A decrease in the concentration of Hcy in the blood leads to a decrease in the formation of TSH in AG cells. Thus, T3 blocks the synthesis of TSH, through FC, enhancing the process of Hcy methylation. Conclusions. The regulation of the interaction between hypertension and the thyroid gland is carried out using the sulfur-containing amino acid Hcy, a product of methionine metabolism. THS production is not suppressed by T3, but by a decrease in Hcy blood concentration associated with T3 effects on FC. The increase in Hcy content in the blood of children from settlements located near the Chоrnobyl Nuclear Power Plant is due to mutation of the genes responsible for the synthesis of the main FC enzymes, as well as exposure to radionuclides incorporated into their body. The state of hyperhomocysteinemia can cause changes in thyroid hormone metabolism, creating the illusion of hypothyroidism.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140273051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific substantiation of the medical-sanitary regulations in the soil of modern persistent pesticides - representatives of different chemical classes","authors":"M. Korshun, Y. Martіianova, O. Korshun","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2024.01.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2024.01.057","url":null,"abstract":"The aim: scientific substantiation of the medical-sanitary regulations is the maximum permissible concentration in soil of modern persistent pesticides: amicarbazone from the class of triazolones, bicyclopyrone from the class of triketones and pydiflumetofen from the class of pyrazolecarboxamides. Materials and methods. Three stages of research were carried out: mathematical modeling of amicarbazone, bicyclopyrone and pydiflumetofen migration from soil to adjacent environments; laboratory hygienic experiment to examine studied substances behavior in systems «soil – plants», «soil - atmospheric air» and substantiation of their threshold concentrations in soil according to the translocation, air-migration and water-migration indicators of harmfulness; impact study of amicarbazone, bicyclopyrone and pydiflumetofen on the nitrifying activity of leached chernozem and setting their threshold concentrations according to the general sanitary indicator of harmfulness. Results. It was experimentally established that the threshold concentrations in soil according to the water-migration indicator of harmfulness are the concentrations of amicarbazone, bicyclopyrone and pydiflumetofen of 0.02 mg/kg, 0.01 mg/kg, and 0.06 mg/kg, respectively. The calculated threshold concentrations of amicarbazone (0.05 mg/kg), bicyclopyrone (0.02 mg/kg) and pydiflumetofen (0.05 mg/kg), which were obtained by mathematical modeling, turned out to be very close to experimentally determined ones, which proves a rather high prognostic ability of the applied calculation method. The threshold concentration in soil of amicarbazone, bicyclopyrone and pydiflumetofen according to the water-migration indicator of harmfulness turned out to be the lowest compared to the threshold concentrations according to the translocation (0.2 mg/kg, 0.25 mg/kg and 0.12 mg/kg, respectively), air-migration (0.05 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg and 1.2 mg/kg, respectively) and general sanitary (0.2 mg/kg, 0.05 mg/kg and in the range 0.12-0.6 mg/kg, respectively) indicators of harmfulness. Therefore, the leading link of studied substance migration in the environment is the «soil – groundwater» system. Conclusions. The MPC of amicarbazone, bicyclopyrone and pydiflumetofen in soil is scientifically justified at the level of 0.02 mg/kg, 0.01 mg/kg and 0.06 mg/kg, respectively, according to the limiting water-migration indicator of harmfulness. Based on the studied substances in the recommended consumption rates and frequency of treatments the usage of plant protection products in the cultivation of agricultural crops will not lead to dangerous to human health contamination of groundwater, agricultural raw materials and atmospheric air, it will not cause a violation of the processes of self-cleaning of soil from nitrogen-containing organic substances in real soil-climatic conditions in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140278301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective assessment of the state of health of teachers with different levels of occupational burnout in conditions of social isolation and martial law","authors":"I. Kalynychenko, H. O. Latina","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2024.01.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2024.01.026","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to analyze data on the state of health of teachers with different levels of occupational burnout who were in different social conditions of life (social isolation and martial law). Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, the method of V. V. Boiko «Diagnostics of the level of emotional burnout» (1998) and a specially developed questionnaire «Subjective assessment of the state of health, life activities and working conditions of teachers» were used, with the help of which an anonymous survey was conducted general secondary education institutions in the city of Sumy during the period of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in 2021 (85 people) and during martial law in April 2023 (106 people). Results. The proportion of the group of teachers with a low level of occupational burnout increased and was 2.22 times higher than the similar group of teachers during the period of social isolation (30.97±3.35)%, t=8.04, p≤0.001), which may indicate a possible decrease in the influence of professional stressors and an actualization of the feeling of uncertainty, constant anxiety, fear for one’s own life and the lives of loved ones, which is due to the military situation in the country. In conditions of social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, average (48.24±3.36)% t=9.54, p≤0.001) and low (41.18±3.31)% t=7.83, p≤0.001) levels of occupational burnout prevailed. Under the conditions of martial law, the manifestations of occupational burnout changed: the proportion of the group of teachers with a low level of occupational burnout increased and was 2.22 times higher than the similar group of teachers during the period of social isolation (30.97±3.35)%, t=8.04, p≤0.001), which may indicate a possible decrease in the influence of professional stressors and an actualization of the feeling of uncertainty, constant anxiety, fear for one’s own life and the lives of loved ones, which is due to the military situation in the country. If during the period of isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, a high level of occupational burnout significantly prevailed among teachers under the age of 40 (55.56±5.38)%), then during the period of martial law, a high level of occupational burnout was mainly registered among teachers of the older age group (up to 50 – (42.86±4.81)%). In general, (76.02±3.09)% of the surveyed teachers defined their health status as satisfactory, (16.29±2.67)% as unsatisfactory, and only (7.69±1.93)% of respondents as excellent. Among the interviewees in the group with unsatisfactory self-assessment of health, teachers of the age groups «under 50» and «over 50» predominated (36.11±3.47)% and (30.56±3.33)%, respectively) compared to the groups «up to 30» – (8.33±1.99)% and «up to 40» – (25.00±3.13)%, which can be explained by the natural accumulation over the years of functional abnormalities and chronic pathology. The leading complaints, regardless of social conditions and ","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140282310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the regulatory and methodological base of EU COUNTRIES and USA for determining the hygienic standards of carcinogenic substances for the working area (review of the literature and regulatory documents)","authors":"I.O. Chernychenko, N. Balenko, O.M. Lytvychenko, V. Babii, O.Ie. Kondratenko, D. Hlavachek","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2024.01.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2024.01.066","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work was to analyze the current state of determining the regulations of chemical substances, including carcinogens, for the conditions of occupational influence prevention. Research materials and methods: sources of scientific literature, EU directives, materials of the European Air Protection Agency. Methods of empirical and theoretical analysis of scientific information was used. The results. It was shown that international experience in regulating harmful factors in the air of the working area is extremely important for extrapolating their data to the conditions of Ukraine, for which the problem of work environmental pollution is extremely important, especially in view of the probable impact on oncopathological processes among workers. This is due to the fact that the majority of active domestic enterprises of various industries are considered according to the classification of the International Agency for the Study of Cancer as directly carcinogenic to humans. The data are presented, which indicate the constant growth of oncological diseases both among the population as a whole and among working contingents. The work analyzes organizational and methodical approaches to the development of measures to prevent the impact of harmful factors on workers. It has been proven that the main purpose of the regulations of the European Agency for Chemical Compounds is aimed at ensuring a high level of protection of the population and the environment from the harmful effects of chemicals and at promoting the functioning of the internal market through the support of innovative technologies and increasing competitiveness. To solve these issues, a number of declaratory regulations have been developed in the EU countries, which are illustrated by the List of carcinogenic factors and established occupational exposure limits. It has been established that the most effective form of protection for workers is the hygienic regulation of chemical compounds. According to the EU Directives, two types of limits are established: an indicative occupational exposure limit and a limit based on the assumption of a certain risk. Today, limits on the level of concentrations corresponding to the risk of exceeding the risk of developing cancer during life at the level of one case per 10,000 (х10-4) workers are recommended for EU countries. This approach determines the presence of regulations in the EU countries at a lower level compared to domestic hygiene standards. A conclusion is made regarding the need to review the domestic regulatory framework and harmonize it in accordance with EU requirements.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140272683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of changes in the functional state of primary school children when working with textbooks provided by the «New ukrainian school» education reform","authors":"A.G. Рlatonova, N. Yatskovska, K. Shkarban","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2024.01.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2024.01.075","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to assess the impact of this type of visual load on children's organism on the basis of the dynamics of changes in the functional state of primary school pupils while working with textbooks provided by the educational environment «New Ukrainian School» Materials and methods: Physiological and ophthalmological, which are used in hygienic practice for donosological diagnostics. Statistical processing was performed using Statistica 6.0 (StatSoft, USA). Results: The study involved 87 primary school pupils aged 6-9 years old. The influence of visual load on the state of children's visual and nervous systems was studied in the conditions of a full-scale experiment. It has been determined that the process of working with textbooks provided by the New Ukrainian School educational environment, both in the language and literary field of education and in mathematics, causes functional shifts in the state of the visual analyser - accommodation spasm and visual fatigue in both eyes in more than 20% of children. The dynamics of the nervous system lability index revealed the development of fatigue in 52.0% of boys and 57.2% of girls when working with humanities textbooks, and in 74.1% of boys and 33.3% of girls when working with mathematics textbooks. In the process of working with both types of textbooks, there was an increase in the time of visual-motor reaction with a simultaneous decrease in the number of accurate answers in almost a third of pupils. Conclusions: It has been established that under the influence of visual load in the form of work with textbooks there is a temporary visual adaptation of the myopic type. It has been proved that the process of working with textbooks causes functional overload of the nervous system in almost half of children, as indicated by the negative dynamics of its lability, mobility and balance. The regularities of functional shifts in the body of children depending on their gender are revealed.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140271524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between lifestyle and mental health of Kyiv children in the second year of the war","authors":"S. Hozak, O. Yelizarova, T. Stankevych, A. Parats, N. Lebedynets","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2024.01.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2024.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to research changes in the daily routine and learning of schoolchildren during the war and their association with mental health. Materials and methods: A study of daily routines and mental health of schoolchildren in Kyiv was conducted using an online questionnaire. Informed consent was obtained from parents. For analyzing 1417 questionnaires were selected (743 boys, 674 girls). The study of responses to the questionnaires made it possible to determine the weekly duration of physical activity (PA) of light (LPA) and moderate and high-intensity physical activity (MVPA), the duration of sedentary activity (SB) and sleep, as well as to determine the gradation of anxiety-depressive indicators and signs of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The formats of the learning process were evaluated (full-time, distance, mixed). The data obtained were also compared with the data at the beginning of the full-scale invasion. Statistical methods of data obtained were used. Results: The study showed that during the war, Kyiv schoolchildren’s daily routine and level of physical activity changed. In the spring of 2023, (47.0±1.4)% of Kyiv schoolchildren had full-time learning, (19.3±1.1)% - in distance learning, (32.9±1.3_% - in mixed learning, in contrast to 2022, when children learned mainly in a distance format. In 2023, there was a 6.4% decrease in sleep duration compared to 2022. Additionally, there was a 19.2% increase in total physical activity due to LPA, while conversely, there was a 17.7% decrease in MVPA. In 2022, 23.1% of school-age children had the optimal level of MVPA (60 min/day), while in 2023, this percentage decreased to 11.3% (p<0.001). The proportion of children with anxiety, depression indicators and PTSD in 2023 was 10.5%, 26.4%, and 13.9%, respectively. In the presence of signs of depression and/or anxiety, schoolchildren demonstrated a decrease in all types of physical activity, a reduction in sleep duration, and, conversely, an increase of SB. Conclusions: Further research is needed to study the impact of lifestyle on the mental health of schoolchildren during the war, given the decreased duration of MVPA in Kyiv schoolchildren against the background of increased level of depression indicators. This will enable the identification of at-risk groups and the implementation of comprehensive measures to assist children in adapting during humanitarian emergencies.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment &amp; Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality from leading non-cumor diseases in the Chornobyl cleanup workers of the accident at CHANPP and residents of radiation-contaminated territories in the remote period after the accident on Chorbyl nuclear power","authors":"K.Ye. Prykashсhykova, O.A. Kapustinska","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2024.01.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2024.01.044","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study: Based on a descriptive analysis, to determine the post-accident changes in the level and structure of mortality of participants in the chornobyl cleanup workers of the accident at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant (ULNA) and residents of RADIATION- contaminated TERRITORIES )residents of the RZT) of Ukraine from the main non-neoplastic diseases depending on age, time since the date of the accident and gender. Materials and methods: Mortality from non-neoplastic pathology in 1986-1987 in ULNA, numbering 64,762, and residents of RZT, numbering 174,860, aged 18-60 on the date of the accident as a result of the accident at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant, was studied based on clinical-epidemiological and dose data of the State Register of Ukraine. Epidemiological, medical-statistical, analytical methods were used during the research. Research results: On the basis of descriptive analysis, a description of the level and structure of mortality from non-neoplastic diseases of the ULNA and the residents of the RZT was provided, both for the entire post-accident period and for five-year periods. In ULNA, mortality increased with each five-year period and in recent years has increased by 15.7 times compared to the initial period. In residents of the radioactively contaminated territory of Ukraine, the mortality rate increased for 25 years after the accident, with the highest rate in the period 2008-2012, regardless of age, with subsequent stabilization of the indicators. The structure of mortality among participants of the ULNA and residents of the RZT throughout the entire observation period remains unchanged and almost does not differ from the general mortality trends of the population of Ukraine. Diseases of the circulatory system, digestive organs, and respiratory organs are stable in terms of the frequency of the causes of death. Age, sex, and temporal differentiation of mortality, differences in nosological causes among defined categories of victims of the consequences of the accident at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant were revealed. Conclusions: During the post-accident observation period (1988-2017), diseases of the circulatory system, digestive organs, and respiratory organs remained the main causes of mortality in ULNA in and among residents of RZT aged 18–60 on the date of the Chornobyl accident. The dynamics of mortality in ULNA was characterized by growth during the entire period of observation, in residents of RZT – growth over 25 years with subsequent stabilization. It is necessary to take into account during dispensation the revealed features of mortality of ULNA and RZT in order to develop comprehensive measures to reduce the mortality of this contingent.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment &amp; Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140281035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The current state and spatio-temporal trends of food-dependent morbidity in the pediatric population of Ukraine","authors":"M.P. Gulich, O. Petrenko","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2024.01.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2024.01.032","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is a spatio-temporal analysis of the peculiarities of the national and regional dynamics of nutritional morbidity among the children of Ukraine. Research materials and methods: The study design included a retrospective analysis of official statistical data on the prevalence and incidence of food addiction in children and a review of the results of original studies. The research materials included statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on certain food-dependent pathologies of the children’s population of Ukraine. The retrospective evaluation of statistical data was 18 years (2000-2017), national and regional data were evaluated. Research methods included statistical evaluation of factual and analytical material. The results: The analysis of trends in the prevalence and incidence of foodborne diseases in children in different age periods during 2000-2017 determines important features of the dynamics of these indicators in different age groups. The total share of alimentary diseases in the total structure of diseases is 9.88-10.00% at the age of 0-14 years old and 17.98% at the age of 15-17 years old. The general analysis shows a trend towards a decrease in the prevalence and incidence of food borne diseases among children of certain age groups over the course of 18 years. This especially applies to diseases of blood organs and the endocrine system. In the group of children aged 0-6 years old, there is an intense decrease in the registration of primary forms of diseases. At the age of 7-14 years old, during 2000-2017, there is an intensive decrease in the incidence and prevalence of diseases of the endocrine system and digestive organs, and at the age of 15-17 years old, there is a significant increase in growth and growth rates according to most indicators. Conclusions: the age-specific features of food-dependent pathology of the children's population, spatial-temporal trends in national and regional sections are determined. The need for further research and monitoring in order to form a policy for the management of food-dependent pathology is shown.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment &amp; Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiology of purulent-inflammatory infections in injuries caused by combat operations and sensitivity of pathogens to antimicrobial preparations","authors":"N.O. Latina, O. Surmasheva","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2024.01.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2024.01.050","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to investigate the etiological structure of purulent-inflammatory infections in injuries that occurred because of hostilities in Ukraine and to assess the antibiotic resistance of isolated pathogens. Materials and methods: Collection and transportation of samples of biological material from patients with injuries was carried out in accordance with the general principles of selection and transportation. Sowing, selection and identification of isolates was carried out by routine methods using the EUCAST methodology for determining the sensitivity of microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs by the disk diffusion method. Research results and their discussion: During the conduct of 154 microbiological studies of the wound contents of the wounded, 110 isolates were isolated and identified - 97 strains of opportunistic microorganisms and 13 strains of yeast-like fungi. At the same time, 68.2% of cultures were found in monoculture, and 31.8% in associations. To a greater extent, representatives of the gram-positive cocca flora were isolated from the wounded patients - 72.2%: Staphylococci (77.1%), Enterococci (14.3%), Streptococci (8.6%). Among the Staphylococci the following stood out Staphylococcus aureus (72.8%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (5.9%). Among Enterococci the following stood out Enterococcus faecalis (12.8%), Enterococcus faecium (1.4%). Among Streptococci, Streptococcus pyogenes stood out - 11.8%. To a less extent, gram-negative bacteria were released from the wounded patients - 27.8%: Enterobacteria (70.4%), non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria (29.6%). Among the Enterobacteria the following stood outEsherichia coli (33.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.5%), Proteus mirabilis 11.1%, Citrobacter freundii (3.7%), Klebsiella oxytoca (3.7%). Among the NFHNB the following stood out Acinetobacter baumanni (14.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.1%), Pseudomonas putida (3.7%). Among the yeast-like fungi, Candida albicans was mainly isolated - 76.9%. Candida non-albicans was isolated to a less extent - 23.1%. Conclusions. According to the results of the conducted microbiological research, the etiological structure of purulent-inflammatory infections in victims of hostilities in Ukraine for 2022-2023 was studied. The spectrum of isolated pathogens consists of 72.2% gram-positive and 27.8% gram-negative bacteria. Yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida spp. Isolated from wounds in 11.8%. Conducted studies on the assessment of antimicrobial resistance of selected causative agents of wound infections. Installed high resistance of selected microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs of various chemical groups.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment &amp; Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}