首页 > 最新文献

Environment & Health最新文献

英文 中文
Safety culture assessment in national healthcare: a triangulation approach 国家医疗保健安全文化评估:三角测量法
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.32402/dovkil2023.04.004
O. Yavorovsky, O.M. Naumenko, Y. Skaletskyi, R. Brukhno, M. Rygan, O.M. Ivanko, P.M. Mykhaylenko, T.O. Zinchenko, N.V. Bankovska
The aim of the study. To evaluate the safety culture in domestic health care using a mixed approach, that is, using a questionnaire survey, document analysis, as well as an analysis of the state of safety of patients and medical personnel. Materials and methods. The evaluation of safety culture in Ukrainian healthcare has been carried out based on the methodology of the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), specifically employing a triangulation approach involving questionnaire surveys, document analysis, as well as an analysis of patient and medical personnel safety conditions. Our analysis and assessment of the regulatory framework for safety provision in the hospital environment from 1994 to 2020, as well as the safety status of patients from 2003 to 2020 and medical personnel from 2002 to 2018, formed the basis of the material used in this study. Additionally, the evaluation of safety culture was conducted through a questionnaire survey involving 199 healthcare professionals from various healthcare facilities. Research results. The study revealed that safety culture in domestic healthcare facilities is at an early stage of formation and requires systematic improvement. Developing a more comprehensive methodology for assessing safety culture in the medical field is an important and promising direction for future research. The results of our study confirmed the effectiveness of employing a triangulation approach to assess the level of safety culture excellence in healthcare facilities. Conclusions. Strengthening the identified weaknesses in safety culture within the domestic medical industry can become the goal and foundation of a future strategy to create a safe hospital environment based on improving and enhancing safety culture.
研究目的采用问卷调查、文件分析以及患者和医务人员安全状况分析等混合方法,评估国内医疗保健的安全文化。材料和方法。对乌克兰医疗保健安全文化的评估是根据国际原子能机构(IAEA)的方法进行的,特别是采用了一种三角测量法,包括问卷调查、文件分析以及对患者和医务人员安全状况的分析。我们对 1994 年至 2020 年医院环境中安全规定的监管框架,以及 2003 年至 2020 年患者和 2002 年至 2018 年医务人员的安全状况进行了分析和评估,这些构成了本研究所用材料的基础。此外,还通过问卷调查对安全文化进行了评估,来自不同医疗机构的 199 名医护人员参与了问卷调查。研究结果。研究结果表明,国内医疗机构的安全文化正处于形成的初期阶段,需要系统地加以改进。开发一套更全面的医疗领域安全文化评估方法是未来研究的一个重要且有前景的方向。我们的研究结果证实了采用三角测量法评估医疗机构卓越安全文化水平的有效性。结论加强国内医疗行业内已发现的安全文化薄弱环节,可以成为未来以改善和提高安全文化为基础创造安全医院环境战略的目标和基础。
{"title":"Safety culture assessment in national healthcare: a triangulation approach","authors":"O. Yavorovsky, O.M. Naumenko, Y. Skaletskyi, R. Brukhno, M. Rygan, O.M. Ivanko, P.M. Mykhaylenko, T.O. Zinchenko, N.V. Bankovska","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2023.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study. To evaluate the safety culture in domestic health care using a mixed approach, that is, using a questionnaire survey, document analysis, as well as an analysis of the state of safety of patients and medical personnel. Materials and methods. The evaluation of safety culture in Ukrainian healthcare has been carried out based on the methodology of the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), specifically employing a triangulation approach involving questionnaire surveys, document analysis, as well as an analysis of patient and medical personnel safety conditions. Our analysis and assessment of the regulatory framework for safety provision in the hospital environment from 1994 to 2020, as well as the safety status of patients from 2003 to 2020 and medical personnel from 2002 to 2018, formed the basis of the material used in this study. Additionally, the evaluation of safety culture was conducted through a questionnaire survey involving 199 healthcare professionals from various healthcare facilities. Research results. The study revealed that safety culture in domestic healthcare facilities is at an early stage of formation and requires systematic improvement. Developing a more comprehensive methodology for assessing safety culture in the medical field is an important and promising direction for future research. The results of our study confirmed the effectiveness of employing a triangulation approach to assess the level of safety culture excellence in healthcare facilities. Conclusions. Strengthening the identified weaknesses in safety culture within the domestic medical industry can become the goal and foundation of a future strategy to create a safe hospital environment based on improving and enhancing safety culture.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139022834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Priority problems in occupational hygiene and safety of medical workers in emergency situations (from the experience of overcoming the Covid-19 pandemic) 紧急情况下医务工作者的职业卫生和安全方面的优先问题(从战胜 Covid-19 大流行病的经验中得出的结论)
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.32402/dovkil2023.04.029
V. І. Zenkina
Introduction. The working conditions of medical personnel during emergencies significantly differ from those in regular circumstances. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the intensity of biological and psychophysiological factors in the working environment increased substantially, leading to the emergence of additional harmful and dangerous factors, resulting in disruptions to the living and working conditions of the staff. Since the regular work routine of healthcare facilities changes in such situations, there is a pressing need for clear action plans and guidelines to provide quality medical care and safeguard the lives and health of medical workers. The aim of this study is to examine the experience of medical facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, investigate the impact of working conditions during quarantine and the resolution of dangerous situations, substantiate safety measures, and establish guidelines for the behavior of medical personnel and patients during other potential emergencies. Materials and Methods. The research was conducted using questionnaire, survey, hygienic, bibliographic and statistical methods. Results. Peculiarities of the labor activity of medical workers in health care facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, which was recognized as a particularly dangerous disease, and the working conditions of personnel in these conditions were studied. An analysis of the perception of medical workers during the pandemic and the evaluation of working conditions were conducted. The main negative effects on the working conditions of healthcare staff compared to the pre-pandemic period were identified: increased workload and demands on workers, growing emotional stress, insufficient organizational support, financial, and psychological assistance. Additionally, positive influences that eased the tasks of the medical workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and contributed to stabilizing the situation and personal and professional development were highlighted: competence, cooperation, and team cohesion (teamwork). Respondents stated that the acquired experience would prevent them from making numerous mistakes and shortcomings in their work in the future, and they are ready to work under epidemic conditions and other emergencies. To ensure the safety of medical personnel, it is necessary to implement comprehensive measures to prevent occupational diseases, care for human resources, and develop reward and motivation systems. To improve the quality of medical services during emergencies, reduce risks among patients, and safeguard the lives and health of medical workers, mandatory targeted training programs and educational materials are required for preparing healthcare personnel for work in different emergency situations. Conclusions. The working conditions of medical personnel during the fight against the coronavirus infection are hazardous, posing threats to their lives and carrying a high risk of acute occupational diseases and severe forms o
引言医务人员在紧急情况下的工作条件与正常情况下有很大不同。在 COVID-19 大流行期间,工作环境中的生物和心理生理因素强度大幅增加,导致出现了更多的有害和危险因素,致使工作人员的生活和工作条件受到破坏。由于在这种情况下,医疗机构的常规工作会发生变化,因此迫切需要制定明确的行动计划和指导方针,以提供优质的医疗服务,保障医务工作者的生命和健康。本研究旨在考察医疗机构在 COVID-19 大流行期间的经验,调查检疫期间工作条件的影响以及危险情况的解决方法,证实安全措施,并为医务人员和患者在其他潜在紧急情况下的行为制定指导方针。材料和方法。研究采用问卷、调查、卫生学、文献学和统计学方法。研究结果研究了 COVID-19 大流行期间医疗机构医务人员劳动活动的特殊性(COVID-19 被认为是一种特别危险的疾病)以及这些条件下医务人员的工作条件。对大流行期间医务工作者的看法进行了分析,并对工作条件进行了评估。与大流行前相比,确定了对医护人员工作条件的主要负面影响:工作量和对工作人员的要求增加、情绪压力增大、组织支持、财政和心理援助不足。此外,受访者还强调了在 COVID-19 大流行期间减轻医务工作者任务并有助于稳定局势以及个人和专业发展的积极影响因素:能力、合作和团队凝聚力(团队精神)。受访者表示,获得的经验将避免他们今后在工作中犯下许多错误和缺点,他们已做好准备在流行病条件下和其他紧急情况下工作。为了确保医务人员的安全,有必要实施预防职业病、关心人力资源、制定奖励和激励制度等综合措施。为了提高突发事件中的医疗服务质量,降低患者的风险,保障医务工作者的生命健康,需要有针对性的强制培训计划和教材,使医护人员做好在不同紧急情况下工作的准备。结论医务人员在抗击冠状病毒感染期间的工作条件是危险的,对他们的生命构成威胁,极易引发急性职业病和严重疾病,包括死亡。影响医护人员工作条件的主要负面因素包括工作量、情绪压力以及组织支持和援助不足。此外,还强调了在 COVID-19 大流行期间促进医务工作的积极影响:能力、合作和凝聚力(团队精神),这有助于稳定医疗机构的局势、医务工作者的个人和专业发展。因此,为医护人员制定强制性的有针对性的培训计划和教材,使他们做好在不同紧急情况下有效工作的准备至关重要。
{"title":"Priority problems in occupational hygiene and safety of medical workers in emergency situations (from the experience of overcoming the Covid-19 pandemic)","authors":"V. І. Zenkina","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2023.04.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.04.029","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The working conditions of medical personnel during emergencies significantly differ from those in regular circumstances. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the intensity of biological and psychophysiological factors in the working environment increased substantially, leading to the emergence of additional harmful and dangerous factors, resulting in disruptions to the living and working conditions of the staff. Since the regular work routine of healthcare facilities changes in such situations, there is a pressing need for clear action plans and guidelines to provide quality medical care and safeguard the lives and health of medical workers. The aim of this study is to examine the experience of medical facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, investigate the impact of working conditions during quarantine and the resolution of dangerous situations, substantiate safety measures, and establish guidelines for the behavior of medical personnel and patients during other potential emergencies. Materials and Methods. The research was conducted using questionnaire, survey, hygienic, bibliographic and statistical methods. Results. Peculiarities of the labor activity of medical workers in health care facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, which was recognized as a particularly dangerous disease, and the working conditions of personnel in these conditions were studied. An analysis of the perception of medical workers during the pandemic and the evaluation of working conditions were conducted. The main negative effects on the working conditions of healthcare staff compared to the pre-pandemic period were identified: increased workload and demands on workers, growing emotional stress, insufficient organizational support, financial, and psychological assistance. Additionally, positive influences that eased the tasks of the medical workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and contributed to stabilizing the situation and personal and professional development were highlighted: competence, cooperation, and team cohesion (teamwork). Respondents stated that the acquired experience would prevent them from making numerous mistakes and shortcomings in their work in the future, and they are ready to work under epidemic conditions and other emergencies. To ensure the safety of medical personnel, it is necessary to implement comprehensive measures to prevent occupational diseases, care for human resources, and develop reward and motivation systems. To improve the quality of medical services during emergencies, reduce risks among patients, and safeguard the lives and health of medical workers, mandatory targeted training programs and educational materials are required for preparing healthcare personnel for work in different emergency situations. Conclusions. The working conditions of medical personnel during the fight against the coronavirus infection are hazardous, posing threats to their lives and carrying a high risk of acute occupational diseases and severe forms o","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138993035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eating disorders in children as a consequence of stress caused by war: general results of the study 战争压力导致的儿童饮食失调:研究的总体结果
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.32402/dovkil2023.04.037
M. Hulich, O. Petrenko, M. Antomonov, D.V. Fedorova, H. Vepsäläinen, M. Erkkola
The purpose of the study is to determine eating disorders based on the results of a survey of parents and an analysis of the perception of the behavior of children aged 5-17 in conditions of stress caused by war. Research materials and methods. A large-scale cross-sectional survey of parents of school-age children who were in Ukraine at the time of the start of the war (February 24, 2022) was conducted. A total of 5,165 parents took part in the survey. The survey concerned eating disorders and included information about the gender, age, place and conditions of the child's stay, financial support and the family's access to food, general mental manifestations of stress, eating disorders that arose as a result of military operations, changes in the child's physique, etc. The work uses a specially developed questionnaire based on standardized questionnaires about children's stress and eating disorders. This stage of the work determines the peculiarities of the child's whereabouts in relation to military events (staying in occupied territories, in close proximity to hostilities, in peaceful territory, moving within Ukraine or going abroad) and their impact on the eating behavior of school-aged children. The processing of the results included descriptive statistics, as well as the analysis of the relationships of the variables using conjugation tables by calculating the Spearman's rank coefficient and Pearson's chi-square for qualitative variables. The results. It was established that the absence or decrease of appetite, rapid satiety, change in attitude to food are general stress disorders inherent in the entire studied cohort of children. Statistical analysis revealed that the frequency and duration of eating disorders, appetite, delayed satiety, capriciousness or lack of understanding, somato-vegetative manifestations, the formation of disgust or passion for certain food products in school-age children are related to the intensity and nature of the experienced military stress. Being in occupied territories or near hostilities and subsequent displacement has the greatest impact on the frequency and duration of eating disorders. The formation of long-term eating disorders in all groups is actually a deepening of unhealthy eating habits of schoolchildren, which were demonstrated in previous studies. It is expected that these violations will lead to an increase in the frequency of chronic non-communicable diseases in later life. Conclusions. The obtained results are important for the further interpretation of the results in the framework of the study of children's eating disorders under the conditions of stress caused by the war in Ukraine and providing recommendations for the correction of the detected violations. The research has an important social significance for Ukraine, as it is aimed at solving the psychological and medical consequences of the war.
本研究的目的是根据对家长的调查结果以及对 5-17 岁儿童在战争造成的压力条件下的行为认知分析,确定饮食失调。研究材料和方法。对战争开始时(2022 年 2 月 24 日)在乌克兰的学龄儿童的家长进行了大规模横断面调查。共有 5,165 名家长参加了调查。调查内容涉及饮食失调,包括孩子的性别、年龄、居住地和条件、经济支持和家庭获得食物的情况、压力的一般精神表现、因军事行动导致的饮食失调、孩子体质的变化等信息。这项工作使用的调查表是根据有关儿童压力和饮食失调的标准化调查表专门编制的。本阶段的工作确定了与军事事件有关的儿童行踪的特殊性(呆在被占领土、敌对行动附近、和平领土、在乌克兰境内移动或出国)及其对学龄儿童饮食行为的影响。对结果的处理包括描述性统计,以及通过计算斯皮尔曼等级系数(Spearman's rank coefficient)和定性变量的皮尔逊卡方(Pearson's chi-square),使用连接表分析变量之间的关系。结果是研究结果表明,没有食欲或食欲减退、过快饱腹感、对食物态度的改变是所有被研究儿童固有的一般应激障碍。统计分析表明,学龄儿童饮食失调、食欲不振、饱腹感延迟、任性或缺乏理解、躯体-植物神经表现、对某些食品产生厌恶或热情的频率和持续时间与所经历的军事压力的强度和性质有关。身处被占领土或敌对行动附近以及随后的流离失所对饮食失调的频率和持续时间影响最大。所有群体中长期饮食失调的形成实际上是学龄儿童不健康饮食习惯的加深,这在以前的研究中已得到证实。预计这些违规行为将导致日后患慢性非传染性疾病的频率增加。结论。所获得的结果对于进一步解释在乌克兰战争造成的压力条件下儿童饮食失调研究框架内的结果以及为纠正所发现的违规行为提供建议具有重要意义。这项研究对乌克兰具有重要的社会意义,因为它旨在解决战争造成的心理和医疗后果。
{"title":"Eating disorders in children as a consequence of stress caused by war: general results of the study","authors":"M. Hulich, O. Petrenko, M. Antomonov, D.V. Fedorova, H. Vepsäläinen, M. Erkkola","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2023.04.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.04.037","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to determine eating disorders based on the results of a survey of parents and an analysis of the perception of the behavior of children aged 5-17 in conditions of stress caused by war. Research materials and methods. A large-scale cross-sectional survey of parents of school-age children who were in Ukraine at the time of the start of the war (February 24, 2022) was conducted. A total of 5,165 parents took part in the survey. The survey concerned eating disorders and included information about the gender, age, place and conditions of the child's stay, financial support and the family's access to food, general mental manifestations of stress, eating disorders that arose as a result of military operations, changes in the child's physique, etc. The work uses a specially developed questionnaire based on standardized questionnaires about children's stress and eating disorders. This stage of the work determines the peculiarities of the child's whereabouts in relation to military events (staying in occupied territories, in close proximity to hostilities, in peaceful territory, moving within Ukraine or going abroad) and their impact on the eating behavior of school-aged children. The processing of the results included descriptive statistics, as well as the analysis of the relationships of the variables using conjugation tables by calculating the Spearman's rank coefficient and Pearson's chi-square for qualitative variables. The results. It was established that the absence or decrease of appetite, rapid satiety, change in attitude to food are general stress disorders inherent in the entire studied cohort of children. Statistical analysis revealed that the frequency and duration of eating disorders, appetite, delayed satiety, capriciousness or lack of understanding, somato-vegetative manifestations, the formation of disgust or passion for certain food products in school-age children are related to the intensity and nature of the experienced military stress. Being in occupied territories or near hostilities and subsequent displacement has the greatest impact on the frequency and duration of eating disorders. The formation of long-term eating disorders in all groups is actually a deepening of unhealthy eating habits of schoolchildren, which were demonstrated in previous studies. It is expected that these violations will lead to an increase in the frequency of chronic non-communicable diseases in later life. Conclusions. The obtained results are important for the further interpretation of the results in the framework of the study of children's eating disorders under the conditions of stress caused by the war in Ukraine and providing recommendations for the correction of the detected violations. The research has an important social significance for Ukraine, as it is aimed at solving the psychological and medical consequences of the war.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138993880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environmental aspects of restoring the environment: nanotechnology for removing micro and nanoplastics from water 恢复环境的环境方面:去除水中微塑料和纳米塑料的纳米技术
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.32402/dovkil2023.04.060
Yu L Zabulonov, T. Melnychenko, V. Kadoshnikov, I. Pysanska, L.A. Odukhalets, O. Petrenko
Objective: The goal of the research is to synthesize existing approaches for water purification containing micro- and nanoplastics while also developing a new effective method for such purification to reduce the impact of micro- and nanoplastics on the environment and human health. Materials and Research Methods: The research subject included samples of wastewater from a printing facility, which among other pollutants, contained micro- and nanoplastics. Research methods applied include informational, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction. Results: An analysis of the current state of micro- and nanoplastics removal from contaminated water was conducted. Existing approaches for water purification containing micro- and nanoplastics were summarized. The qualitative composition of nanoplastics was determined, including polyamides, polyimides, polyoxadiazole, and fluoroplastics. The application of thermal treatment allowed the identification of heat-resistant plastics like polyoxadiazole and fluoroplastics. Using either only sorption (with graphite-based sorbents) or only plasma chemical methods was found to be insufficiently effective. The activation mechanism of microplastic particles in the presence of humic acids adsorbed on smectites during high-voltage discharge was examined. A comprehensive plasma chemical method for the purification of contaminated water was developed, effectively removing micro- and nanoplastics from the aquatic environment. Conclusions: The current ecological situation regarding water pollution is highly unfavorable and characterized by an increasing contamination of micro- and nanoplastics combined with various toxic substances. Due to their significant adsorption properties, micro- and nanoplastics exacerbate the toxic effects on the natural environment and human health. The removal of micro- and nanoplastics and associated pollutants is an urgent contemporary issue. The obtained results have led to the development of a comprehensive plasma chemical method for purifying contaminated water from micro- and nanoplastics. This method involves plasma chemical treatment of the contaminated liquid, to which a water dispersion of modified humic substances of high-dispersion smectites is added. This results in the formation of magnetosensitive aggregates incorporating micro- and nanoplastics, which can be removed through magnetic separation. The application of this method holds promise for the purification of water from various micro- and nanoplastics in combination with organic pollutants, heavy metals, and other substances with potential ecological risks.
目标:本研究的目标是综合现有的含有微塑料和纳米塑料的水净化方法,同时开发一种新的有效的水净化方法,以减少微塑料和纳米塑料对环境和人类健康的影响。材料和研究方法:研究对象包括来自一家印刷厂的废水样本,其中除其他污染物外,还含有微塑料和纳米塑料。应用的研究方法包括信息学、红外光谱学、热重分析和 X 射线衍射。结果:分析了从受污染的水中去除微塑料和纳米塑料的现状。总结了现有的含有微塑料和纳米塑料的水净化方法。确定了纳米塑料的定性成分,包括聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、聚噁二唑和氟塑料。通过热处理,确定了聚噁二唑和氟塑料等耐热塑料。研究发现,仅使用吸附法(石墨吸附剂)或等离子化学法都不够有效。研究了在高压放电过程中,微塑料颗粒在吸附在吸附剂上的腐植酸存在下的活化机制。开发了一种用于净化受污染水体的综合等离子体化学方法,可有效去除水生环境中的微塑料和纳米塑料。研究结论当前水污染的生态状况非常不利,其特点是微塑料和纳米塑料以及各种有毒物质的污染日益严重。由于其强大的吸附特性,微塑料和纳米塑料加剧了对自然环境和人类健康的毒性影响。清除微塑料和纳米塑料及相关污染物是当代亟待解决的问题。所取得的成果促使人们开发出一种全面的等离子化学方法,用于净化受微塑料和纳米塑料污染的水。这种方法包括对受污染的液体进行等离子化学处理,然后在其中加入高分散性烟晶石的改性腐殖质水分散液。这样就形成了包含微塑料和纳米塑料的磁敏聚合体,可以通过磁分离去除。这种方法的应用有望净化水中的各种微塑料和纳米塑料,以及有机污染物、重金属和其他具有潜在生态风险的物质。
{"title":"Environmental aspects of restoring the environment: nanotechnology for removing micro and nanoplastics from water","authors":"Yu L Zabulonov, T. Melnychenko, V. Kadoshnikov, I. Pysanska, L.A. Odukhalets, O. Petrenko","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2023.04.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.04.060","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The goal of the research is to synthesize existing approaches for water purification containing micro- and nanoplastics while also developing a new effective method for such purification to reduce the impact of micro- and nanoplastics on the environment and human health. Materials and Research Methods: The research subject included samples of wastewater from a printing facility, which among other pollutants, contained micro- and nanoplastics. Research methods applied include informational, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction. Results: An analysis of the current state of micro- and nanoplastics removal from contaminated water was conducted. Existing approaches for water purification containing micro- and nanoplastics were summarized. The qualitative composition of nanoplastics was determined, including polyamides, polyimides, polyoxadiazole, and fluoroplastics. The application of thermal treatment allowed the identification of heat-resistant plastics like polyoxadiazole and fluoroplastics. Using either only sorption (with graphite-based sorbents) or only plasma chemical methods was found to be insufficiently effective. The activation mechanism of microplastic particles in the presence of humic acids adsorbed on smectites during high-voltage discharge was examined. A comprehensive plasma chemical method for the purification of contaminated water was developed, effectively removing micro- and nanoplastics from the aquatic environment. Conclusions: The current ecological situation regarding water pollution is highly unfavorable and characterized by an increasing contamination of micro- and nanoplastics combined with various toxic substances. Due to their significant adsorption properties, micro- and nanoplastics exacerbate the toxic effects on the natural environment and human health. The removal of micro- and nanoplastics and associated pollutants is an urgent contemporary issue. The obtained results have led to the development of a comprehensive plasma chemical method for purifying contaminated water from micro- and nanoplastics. This method involves plasma chemical treatment of the contaminated liquid, to which a water dispersion of modified humic substances of high-dispersion smectites is added. This results in the formation of magnetosensitive aggregates incorporating micro- and nanoplastics, which can be removed through magnetic separation. The application of this method holds promise for the purification of water from various micro- and nanoplastics in combination with organic pollutants, heavy metals, and other substances with potential ecological risks.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139013378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of the main results of the scientific research works of the DI «O.M. Marzieiev institute for public health of the NAMS of Ukraine» for 2018-2022 2018-2022年 "O.M. 马尔热耶夫乌克兰国家医学科学院公共卫生研究所 "科研工作主要成果分析
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.32402/dovkil2023.04.068
O. Rudnytska, R.V. Savina, S. Leikykh, Yu. Melchenko, V. Korkach, S. Novokhatska
The Aim - conducting a comparative analysis of the main indicators of the Institute's scientific activity for the period 2018 - 2022. Materials and methods: the analysis was carried out on the basis of the publication activity of the Institute's researches in 2018 – 2022 and the materials of the implementation of the results of research works presented in the Institute's annual reports. The number of the published material of the Institute amounted to more than 1,000 items. Bibliosemantic, analytical and statistical methods were used to process the materials. Research results: the main result of the conducted analysis is the establishment of the most significant results of the Institute's scientific activity for the period 2018-2022: • the Concept of the formation of a strategy for the prevention of defects in the provision of medical care in the domestic health care system was developed, which can be the basis for the formation of an appropriate policy and strategy in the field of quality and safety of medical care in Ukraine; • prognostic trends of changes in children's morbidity were determined; modern approaches to the integral assessment of the health of the child population have been developed to improve the principles of dynamic monitoring of its formation using information technologies; • the system of preventive measures against hypokinesia in urban adolescents is substantiated, based on identified indicators of motor activity, factors affecting children's motor activity; • the medical and ecological problems of assessing the danger to public health of the consequences of climate change related to atmospheric air pollution are prioritized; • the carcinogenic risk from the action of chloroform in drinking water was determined using simplified mathematical formulas; • available technologies for water purification from radionuclides are proposed; Conclusions: The analysis of the main indicators of the Institute's scientific activity for the period 2018 - 2022 made it possible to establish the types of scientific production typical for this field of activity, the reasons for their decrease in certain years of the considered period; areas of their implementation; determine significant results of research works; to confirm the compliance of the chosen topic of research work with the tasks of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the main recommendations of the WHO in the field of public health.
目的--对研究所2018-2022年科研活动的主要指标进行比较分析。材料与方法:分析是在研究所2018-2022年研究成果出版活动和研究所年度报告中介绍的研究成果实施材料的基础上进行的。研究所出版的资料数量超过了1000项。在处理这些资料时使用了书目、分析和统计方法。研究成果:分析的主要成果是确定了研究所 2018-2022 年期间科学活动的最重要成果:- 制定了 "在国内医疗保健系统中预防医疗服务缺陷战略的形成概念",该概念可作为在 乌克兰医疗保健质量和安全领域制定适当政策和战略的基础; - 确定了儿童发病率变化的预后趋势;制定了儿童人口健康综合评估的现代方法,以改进利 用信息技术对其形成进行动态监测的原则;- 根据已确定的运动活动指标和影响儿童运动活动的因素,证实了针对城市青少年运动过 度的预防措施体系; - 优先考虑了评估与大气空气污染有关的气候变化后果对公众健康的危害的医学和生态问 题; - 利用简化数学公式确定了饮用水中氯仿作用的致癌风险; - 提出了可用的放射性核素水净化技术;结论:通过对 2018-2022 年期间研究所科研活动主要指标的分析,确定了该领域典型的科研成果 类型、该期间某些年份科研成果减少的原因、科研成果的实施领域、确定研究工作的重要成 果、确认研究工作的选题符合乌克兰国家科学院的任务和世界卫生组织在公共卫生领域的主要 建议。
{"title":"Analysis of the main results of the scientific research works of the DI «O.M. Marzieiev institute for public health of the NAMS of Ukraine» for 2018-2022","authors":"O. Rudnytska, R.V. Savina, S. Leikykh, Yu. Melchenko, V. Korkach, S. Novokhatska","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2023.04.068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.04.068","url":null,"abstract":"The Aim - conducting a comparative analysis of the main indicators of the Institute's scientific activity for the period 2018 - 2022. Materials and methods: the analysis was carried out on the basis of the publication activity of the Institute's researches in 2018 – 2022 and the materials of the implementation of the results of research works presented in the Institute's annual reports. The number of the published material of the Institute amounted to more than 1,000 items. Bibliosemantic, analytical and statistical methods were used to process the materials. Research results: the main result of the conducted analysis is the establishment of the most significant results of the Institute's scientific activity for the period 2018-2022: • the Concept of the formation of a strategy for the prevention of defects in the provision of medical care in the domestic health care system was developed, which can be the basis for the formation of an appropriate policy and strategy in the field of quality and safety of medical care in Ukraine; • prognostic trends of changes in children's morbidity were determined; modern approaches to the integral assessment of the health of the child population have been developed to improve the principles of dynamic monitoring of its formation using information technologies; • the system of preventive measures against hypokinesia in urban adolescents is substantiated, based on identified indicators of motor activity, factors affecting children's motor activity; • the medical and ecological problems of assessing the danger to public health of the consequences of climate change related to atmospheric air pollution are prioritized; • the carcinogenic risk from the action of chloroform in drinking water was determined using simplified mathematical formulas; • available technologies for water purification from radionuclides are proposed; Conclusions: The analysis of the main indicators of the Institute's scientific activity for the period 2018 - 2022 made it possible to establish the types of scientific production typical for this field of activity, the reasons for their decrease in certain years of the considered period; areas of their implementation; determine significant results of research works; to confirm the compliance of the chosen topic of research work with the tasks of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the main recommendations of the WHO in the field of public health.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139016443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Features of incidence of urology diseases among the adult population of the Dnipropetrovsk region 第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克州成年人泌尿科疾病发病率特点
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.32402/dovkil2023.04.011
H.M. Yuntunen, N.M. Onul
Purpose: to determine the regional features of urological morbidity and its specific weight in the structure of the general morbidity of the adult population of the Dnipropetrovsk region. Materials and methods. Bibliosemantic, analytical, and medical-statistical methods were used, which make it possible to characterize the current state of health of the population and determine trends in the incidence and prevalence of diseases. The results. The average long-term indicator of the primary morbidity of the population of the Dnipropetrovsk region for all classes of diseases was 7,272.23 per 10,000 adult population, total morbidity was 22,250.84 per 10,000 adult population with a tendency to increase, hospital morbidity was 2,167.9 per 10,000 adult population, with a general tendency to decrease the level of hospitalization. Diseases of the genitourinary system rank second, fourth, and sixth in the structure of primary morbidity, prevalence of morbidity, and hospital morbidity of the adult population, respectively. The leading nosological groups of urological diseases registered for the first time in the adult population of the region are cystitis - 64.88 cases per 10 thousand population, kidney infections - 43.23 per 10 thousand population and kidney and ureter stones - 17.92 per 10 thousand population with a tendency to increase indicators during the studied period, with the exception of kidney and ureter stones. Similar trends persist for the prevalence of diseases. The level of hospitalization of the population of the region turned out to be the highest for kidney and ureter stones - 25.28 per 10 thousand population and kidney infections - 20.01 per 10 thousand population, remained relatively stable during 2012-2019, while during 2020- In 2021, a significant decrease was noted for kidney and ureter stones, kidney infections, while the indicator of hospital morbidity for kidney and ureter stones remained relatively stable. Conclusions. Significant levels of morbidity and prevalence of diseases of the genitourinary system, including urological diseases, negative trends towards their increase require improvement of monitoring of the health status of the population, prevention, timely and complete detection of urological pathology, and high-quality treatment.
目的:确定泌尿科发病率的地区特征及其在第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克州成年人总体发病率结构中的比重。材料和方法使用了书目文献学、分析和医学统计方法,这些方法有助于确定人口的健康现状并确定疾病发病率和流行率的趋势。研究结果第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克州居民各类疾病的初次发病率长期平均指标为每万名成年人 7 272.23 例,总发病率为每万名成年人 22 250.84 例,且呈上升趋势,住院发病率为每万名成年人 2 167.9 例,住院率总体呈下降趋势。泌尿生殖系统疾病在成人原发病、发病率和住院发病率结构中分别排在第二、第四和第六位。首次在该地区成年人口中登记的泌尿系统疾病的主要病种是膀胱炎(每 10 000 人中有 64.88 例)、肾脏感染(每 10 000 人中有 43.23 例)、肾结石和输尿管结石(每 10 000 人中有 17.92 例),除肾结石和输尿管结石外,其他指标在研究期间均呈上升趋势。疾病发病率也呈类似趋势。该地区人口住院率最高的疾病是肾和输尿管结石--每万人 25.28 例,肾脏感染--每万人 20.01 例,在 2012-2019 年期间保持相对稳定,而在 2020-2021 年期间,肾和输尿管结石、肾脏感染的住院率显著下降,而肾和输尿管结石的住院发病率指标保持相对稳定。结论泌尿生殖系统疾病(包括泌尿系统疾病)的发病率和流行率居高不下,且呈负增长趋势,这就要求加强对人口健康状况的监测、预防、及时全面地发现泌尿系统病变并进行高质量的治疗。
{"title":"Features of incidence of urology diseases among the adult population of the Dnipropetrovsk region","authors":"H.M. Yuntunen, N.M. Onul","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2023.04.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to determine the regional features of urological morbidity and its specific weight in the structure of the general morbidity of the adult population of the Dnipropetrovsk region. Materials and methods. Bibliosemantic, analytical, and medical-statistical methods were used, which make it possible to characterize the current state of health of the population and determine trends in the incidence and prevalence of diseases. The results. The average long-term indicator of the primary morbidity of the population of the Dnipropetrovsk region for all classes of diseases was 7,272.23 per 10,000 adult population, total morbidity was 22,250.84 per 10,000 adult population with a tendency to increase, hospital morbidity was 2,167.9 per 10,000 adult population, with a general tendency to decrease the level of hospitalization. Diseases of the genitourinary system rank second, fourth, and sixth in the structure of primary morbidity, prevalence of morbidity, and hospital morbidity of the adult population, respectively. The leading nosological groups of urological diseases registered for the first time in the adult population of the region are cystitis - 64.88 cases per 10 thousand population, kidney infections - 43.23 per 10 thousand population and kidney and ureter stones - 17.92 per 10 thousand population with a tendency to increase indicators during the studied period, with the exception of kidney and ureter stones. Similar trends persist for the prevalence of diseases. The level of hospitalization of the population of the region turned out to be the highest for kidney and ureter stones - 25.28 per 10 thousand population and kidney infections - 20.01 per 10 thousand population, remained relatively stable during 2012-2019, while during 2020- In 2021, a significant decrease was noted for kidney and ureter stones, kidney infections, while the indicator of hospital morbidity for kidney and ureter stones remained relatively stable. Conclusions. Significant levels of morbidity and prevalence of diseases of the genitourinary system, including urological diseases, negative trends towards their increase require improvement of monitoring of the health status of the population, prevention, timely and complete detection of urological pathology, and high-quality treatment.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139013369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chemical carcinogens in the environment of ukraine: risk to the population, ways of prevention, improvement of hygienic regulation 乌克兰环境中的化学致癌物:对人口的风险,预防方法,卫生法规的改进
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.32402/dovkil2023.03.004
I. Chernychenko, N. Balenko, O. Lytvychenko, V. Babii, O.Ye. Kondratenko, D. Hlavachek
The purpose of this work was to determine the carcinogen-hazardous factors in the environment and the criteria for assessing their danger to the population in modern conditions (pre-war period). Materials and methods of research: reports of research works of the Laboratory of Hygiene of Carcinogenic Factors and Nanomaterials of the SI «O.M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health, NAMS of Ukraine» and own publications over the past 5 years. Bibliosemantic, analytical, hygienic and medical-statistical methods were used to process the materials. Results. The analysis of field and analytical studies has shown that over the past 20-25 years old, against the backdrop of a reduction in industrial emissions, the volume of use of plant protection products and plant products in agricultural activity has increased significantly, and in everyday life – household chemicals, cosmetics, etc., most of which contain specific substances – endocrine disruptors. It was shown that over the years, the rate of increase in the rate of cancer of the endocrine organs (cancer of the mammary, thyroid, prostate glands), uterine body and ovaries increases. The obtained data indicate a trend towards rejuvenation of oncological diseases of hormone-dependent organs. The danger of atmospheric air pollution in cities has been studied; a comparative assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk for the population in a highly industrialized city with a complex of ferrous metallurgy enterprises and a city where there are no specific sources of pollution was carried out. It was concluded that for study of environmental issues regarding the state of the air environment, it is sufficient to use hygienic indicators - maximum permissible concentrations and total pollution indicators, while for the assessment of the impact on human health, the use of risk indicators is more adequate. This raises the question of the compliance of domestic hygienic (medical and sanitary) regulations with international risk indicators. This is especially true for factors with mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. The analysis of risk indicators for a number of carcinogenic substances included in the domestic regulatory and methodological bases at the level of their maximum permissible concentrations proved that the standards for atmospheric air according to the international classification scale correspond to an acceptable risk (1 - 104) for only 26% of substances, and for air of the working area - 45% of substances. Consequently, most of the hygienic standards, both in the atmospheric air of populated areas and in the air of the working area, according to international standards, do not meet the safety requirements for the population and need to be revised using international approaches and focusing on the risk criteria for the development of neoplasms due to the action of individual compounds. Conclusions: the real air pollution in populated areas poses a certain danger to the population and requires
这项工作的目的是确定环境中的致癌物危险因素以及评估其在现代条件下(战前时期)对人口危险的标准。研究材料与方法:美国科学院致癌因素与纳米材料卫生实验室研究工作报告并在过去五年中出版了自己的出版物。采用文献语义学、分析学、卫生学和医学统计学等方法对材料进行处理。结果。实地分析和分析研究表明,在过去20至25年间,在工业排放减少的背景下,植物保护产品和植物产品在农业活动中的使用量显著增加,在日常生活中- -家用化学品、化妆品等,其中大多数含有特定物质- -内分泌干扰物。研究表明,多年来,内分泌器官(乳腺癌、甲状腺癌、前列腺癌)、子宫体和卵巢的癌症发病率增加了。所获得的数据表明,激素依赖器官的肿瘤疾病有复兴的趋势。对城市大气污染的危害进行了研究;对一个高度工业化的黑色冶金企业综合城市和一个没有特定污染源的城市的人口的致癌和非致癌风险进行了比较评估。结论是,在研究与空气环境状况有关的环境问题时,使用卫生指标——最大允许浓度和总污染指标就足够了,而在评估对人类健康的影响时,使用风险指标则更为适当。这就提出了国内卫生(医疗和卫生)条例是否符合国际风险指标的问题。对于具有诱变和致癌特性的因素尤其如此。对国内监管和方法学基础上的一些致癌物质在其最大允许浓度水平上的风险指标进行的分析证明,根据国际分类标准的大气空气标准仅对26%的物质符合可接受风险(1 - 104),对工作区域的空气- 45%的物质符合可接受风险。因此,根据国际标准,无论是在人口稠密地区的大气空气中还是在工作区域的空气中,大多数卫生标准都不符合对人口的安全要求,需要采用国际方法进行修订,并侧重于由于个别化合物的作用而发生肿瘤的风险标准。结论:人口稠密地区真正的空气污染对人口构成了一定的危险,需要采取预防措施来减少它。目前国家对空气环境(大气空气和工作区域空气)中致癌物质允许含量的监管框架不符合欧盟和美国的要求。
{"title":"Chemical carcinogens in the environment of ukraine: risk to the population, ways of prevention, improvement of hygienic regulation","authors":"I. Chernychenko, N. Balenko, O. Lytvychenko, V. Babii, O.Ye. Kondratenko, D. Hlavachek","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2023.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to determine the carcinogen-hazardous factors in the environment and the criteria for assessing their danger to the population in modern conditions (pre-war period). Materials and methods of research: reports of research works of the Laboratory of Hygiene of Carcinogenic Factors and Nanomaterials of the SI «O.M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health, NAMS of Ukraine» and own publications over the past 5 years. Bibliosemantic, analytical, hygienic and medical-statistical methods were used to process the materials. Results. The analysis of field and analytical studies has shown that over the past 20-25 years old, against the backdrop of a reduction in industrial emissions, the volume of use of plant protection products and plant products in agricultural activity has increased significantly, and in everyday life – household chemicals, cosmetics, etc., most of which contain specific substances – endocrine disruptors. It was shown that over the years, the rate of increase in the rate of cancer of the endocrine organs (cancer of the mammary, thyroid, prostate glands), uterine body and ovaries increases. The obtained data indicate a trend towards rejuvenation of oncological diseases of hormone-dependent organs. The danger of atmospheric air pollution in cities has been studied; a comparative assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk for the population in a highly industrialized city with a complex of ferrous metallurgy enterprises and a city where there are no specific sources of pollution was carried out. It was concluded that for study of environmental issues regarding the state of the air environment, it is sufficient to use hygienic indicators - maximum permissible concentrations and total pollution indicators, while for the assessment of the impact on human health, the use of risk indicators is more adequate. This raises the question of the compliance of domestic hygienic (medical and sanitary) regulations with international risk indicators. This is especially true for factors with mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. The analysis of risk indicators for a number of carcinogenic substances included in the domestic regulatory and methodological bases at the level of their maximum permissible concentrations proved that the standards for atmospheric air according to the international classification scale correspond to an acceptable risk (1 - 104) for only 26% of substances, and for air of the working area - 45% of substances. Consequently, most of the hygienic standards, both in the atmospheric air of populated areas and in the air of the working area, according to international standards, do not meet the safety requirements for the population and need to be revised using international approaches and focusing on the risk criteria for the development of neoplasms due to the action of individual compounds. Conclusions: the real air pollution in populated areas poses a certain danger to the population and requires","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127941147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk-orienteted monitoring of environmental factors affecting the quality of life in megapolises 以风险为导向,监测影响大城市生活质量的环境因素
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.32402/dovkil2023.03.045
I.S. Yeremeiev, A.O. Dychko, S. Harkavyi, O.V. Savchuk, S.V. Hulich
The aim of the research is to develop recommendations for monitoring the quality of habitat in megacities, taking into account the uncertainty factor and the risks of man-made factors of influence. Materials and methods. National and regional reports on the state of the natural environment in Ukraine, research of the Ukrainian and foreign scientists on assessing the quality of life in the metropolis and the effectiveness of environmental monitoring in the management decision-making system are used as research materials. To achieve the goal of the research, the methods of system analysis, elements of the theory of fuzzy sets, the theory of probabilities, the theory of decision-making, Euclidean metrics, etc. are used. The results. The task of modern monitoring systems is constant monitoring of the current level of pollution, as well as forecasting possible trends of changes in this level, with the possibility of observing and identifying the state of environmental pollution. The task of identifying the dynamics of the technogenic pollution area can be reduced to the analysis of observations and comparisons of their results with each other by evaluating the Euclidean metric. Identifying the limit levels of pollution at which their harmful effects begin to manifest, as well as establishing the synergism effect will allow to provide an integral assessment of the quality of the environment. Conclusions. Management of the level of influence of environmental factors on the quality of life in megapolis is related to the solution of such problems as the creation of procedures for effective identification of the state, the development of a set of unified scenarios for overcoming problems, the need to form the structure of a typical decision-making system in crisis situations, etc. As a rule, management decisions in the field of environmental safety of megacities take place under conditions of uncertainty. The choice of one or another alternative is influenced by such factors as remote or indirect consequences of decisions, problems of "trifles" in the information provision of management decision-making, etc.
这项研究的目的是在考虑到不确定性因素和人为影响因素的风险的情况下,为监测特大城市的生境质量提出建议。材料和方法。关于乌克兰自然环境状况的国家和地区报告,乌克兰和外国科学家关于评估大都市生活质量的研究以及管理决策系统中环境监测的有效性被用作研究材料。为了达到研究的目的,使用了系统分析、模糊集理论、概率论、决策理论、欧几里得度量等方法。结果。现代监测系统的任务是不断监测当前的污染水平,并预测这一水平的可能变化趋势,并有可能观察和确定环境污染的状况。确定技术污染区域动态的任务可以简化为通过评价欧几里得度规对观测结果进行分析和相互比较。确定其有害影响开始显现的污染极限水平,以及确定协同效应,将有助于对环境质量进行综合评估。结论。管理环境因素对大城市生活质量的影响程度与解决诸如建立有效识别状态的程序、制定一套克服问题的统一方案、在危机情况下形成典型决策系统结构的必要性等问题有关。一般来说,特大城市环境安全领域的管理决策是在不确定的条件下进行的。对一种或另一种备选办法的选择受到下列因素的影响:决定的遥远或间接后果、提供管理决策信息方面的"琐事"问题等等。
{"title":"Risk-orienteted monitoring of environmental factors affecting the quality of life in megapolises","authors":"I.S. Yeremeiev, A.O. Dychko, S. Harkavyi, O.V. Savchuk, S.V. Hulich","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2023.03.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.03.045","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to develop recommendations for monitoring the quality of habitat in megacities, taking into account the uncertainty factor and the risks of man-made factors of influence. Materials and methods. National and regional reports on the state of the natural environment in Ukraine, research of the Ukrainian and foreign scientists on assessing the quality of life in the metropolis and the effectiveness of environmental monitoring in the management decision-making system are used as research materials. To achieve the goal of the research, the methods of system analysis, elements of the theory of fuzzy sets, the theory of probabilities, the theory of decision-making, Euclidean metrics, etc. are used. The results. The task of modern monitoring systems is constant monitoring of the current level of pollution, as well as forecasting possible trends of changes in this level, with the possibility of observing and identifying the state of environmental pollution. The task of identifying the dynamics of the technogenic pollution area can be reduced to the analysis of observations and comparisons of their results with each other by evaluating the Euclidean metric. Identifying the limit levels of pollution at which their harmful effects begin to manifest, as well as establishing the synergism effect will allow to provide an integral assessment of the quality of the environment. Conclusions. Management of the level of influence of environmental factors on the quality of life in megapolis is related to the solution of such problems as the creation of procedures for effective identification of the state, the development of a set of unified scenarios for overcoming problems, the need to form the structure of a typical decision-making system in crisis situations, etc. As a rule, management decisions in the field of environmental safety of megacities take place under conditions of uncertainty. The choice of one or another alternative is influenced by such factors as remote or indirect consequences of decisions, problems of \"trifles\" in the information provision of management decision-making, etc.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114405415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Criteria assessment of the harmful effect of industrial waste of various industries according to international standards 根据国际标准对各行业工业废物的有害影响进行评价的标准
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.32402/dovkil2023.03.039
V. Stankevych, A.I. Kostenko, H.Ya. Trakhtenherts, I. Kakura, О.M. Fedoryshyna, N.M. Gumennikova
Aim: to define the criteria of estimation of harmful action of industrial wastes by the different ways of entering organism. Objects and research methods. The objects of the study were industrial waste from various branches of enterprises. Research methods: sanitary-chemical, toxicological, radiological, biological: according to bacteriological and helminthological indicators, the method of hygienic analysis. Results of research and their discussion. The study of industrial waste from various branches of origin made it possible to establish that the physico-mechanical and chemical properties of waste determine the effects of their action on the body and are one of the important criteria for harmful effects on the health of the population. Red sludge - waste in the form of a powdery mass of finely dispersed particles), highly volatile, has a high ability to form dust. The content of toxic compounds of heavy metals in the form of hydroxides (pH - 11.7) characterizes the waste as dangerous when entering the body by inhalation, oral and percutaneous means. Thermal energy waste - fly ash, ash-slag mixtures, slurries containing toxic compounds of metals, mainly vanadium, differ in physical and mechanical properties and chemical composition, which determines their dangerous properties. When inhaled into the body, such waste belongs to class II - highly dangerous substances. Waste from the tailings depository of the Ingulets Mining and Processing Plant is characterized by a high content of toxic iron compounds (Fe - 14.5%) and a dust factor, which is the most dangerous for atmospheric air pollution with a harmful effect on human respiratory organs. For waste of organic origin, the most important evaluation criterion is biological (microbiological and helminthological) indicators, which guarantee the degree of epidemiological safety of such waste. The results of our research allow us to state that industrial waste from the most common industries is characterized by hazardous properties, the predominant factor of which is the dust factor, which must be taken into account when handling such waste, and the introduction of modern dust suppression technologies. It is also necessary to take into account that in the waste composition of even one branch of industry, chemical compounds are characterized by various negative effects on the body. Therefore, a comprehensive sanitary-epidemiological assessment of waste with the determination of its dangerous properties according to medical criteria, establishing the hazard class of waste in various ways of entering the body is the basis for preventing their negative impact on the health of the population, which will contribute to the development of measures for controlled waste management. Conclusions. Taking into account the hazardous properties of waste according to medical criteria is an important factor necessary for conducting a comprehensive sanitary-epidemiological assessment of industrial waste and developing m
目的:根据工业废物进入生物的不同途径,确定工业废物有害作用的评价标准。研究对象和研究方法。本研究的对象是来自各个企业部门的工业废弃物。研究方法:卫生化学、毒理学、放射学、生物学:根据细菌学和寄生虫学指标,进行卫生分析的方法。研究结果及其讨论。对来自不同来源的工业废物的研究使人们有可能确定,废物的物理机械和化学性质决定了它们的作用对人体的影响,并且是对人口健康有害影响的重要标准之一。红泥-废物的粉状团块的细分散颗粒的形式),高度挥发性,有很高的能力形成灰尘。以氢氧化物形式存在的重金属有毒化合物的含量(pH值- 11.7)表明,废物通过吸入、口服和经皮方式进入人体是危险的。热能废料——粉煤灰、灰渣混合物、含有以钒为主的有毒金属化合物的矿浆,其物理机械性能和化学成分不同,这决定了它们的危险性质。当吸入人体时,这类废物属于II类高度危险物质。英格尔特矿业选矿厂尾矿库废弃物的特点是有毒铁化合物(Fe - 14.5%)含量高,粉尘因子含量高,是大气大气污染中最危险的,对人体呼吸器官有有害影响。对于有机来源的废弃物,最重要的评价标准是生物学(微生物学和寄生虫学)指标,这保证了该废弃物的流行病学安全程度。我们的研究结果使我们能够说明,来自最常见工业的工业废物具有危险特性,其主要因素是粉尘因素,在处理这类废物时必须考虑到这一因素,并引入现代抑尘技术。还必须考虑到,即使是在一个工业部门的废物组成中,化合物也具有对人体产生各种负面影响的特点。因此,对废物进行全面的卫生-流行病学评估,根据医学标准确定其危险特性,确定废物以各种方式进入人体的危险类别,是防止其对人口健康产生负面影响的基础,这将有助于制定管制废物管理措施。结论。根据医学标准考虑到废物的危险特性是对工业废物进行全面卫生-流行病学评估和制定管制废物管理措施所必需的一个重要因素。
{"title":"Criteria assessment of the harmful effect of industrial waste of various industries according to international standards","authors":"V. Stankevych, A.I. Kostenko, H.Ya. Trakhtenherts, I. Kakura, О.M. Fedoryshyna, N.M. Gumennikova","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2023.03.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.03.039","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to define the criteria of estimation of harmful action of industrial wastes by the different ways of entering organism. Objects and research methods. The objects of the study were industrial waste from various branches of enterprises. Research methods: sanitary-chemical, toxicological, radiological, biological: according to bacteriological and helminthological indicators, the method of hygienic analysis. Results of research and their discussion. The study of industrial waste from various branches of origin made it possible to establish that the physico-mechanical and chemical properties of waste determine the effects of their action on the body and are one of the important criteria for harmful effects on the health of the population. Red sludge - waste in the form of a powdery mass of finely dispersed particles), highly volatile, has a high ability to form dust. The content of toxic compounds of heavy metals in the form of hydroxides (pH - 11.7) characterizes the waste as dangerous when entering the body by inhalation, oral and percutaneous means. Thermal energy waste - fly ash, ash-slag mixtures, slurries containing toxic compounds of metals, mainly vanadium, differ in physical and mechanical properties and chemical composition, which determines their dangerous properties. When inhaled into the body, such waste belongs to class II - highly dangerous substances. Waste from the tailings depository of the Ingulets Mining and Processing Plant is characterized by a high content of toxic iron compounds (Fe - 14.5%) and a dust factor, which is the most dangerous for atmospheric air pollution with a harmful effect on human respiratory organs. For waste of organic origin, the most important evaluation criterion is biological (microbiological and helminthological) indicators, which guarantee the degree of epidemiological safety of such waste. The results of our research allow us to state that industrial waste from the most common industries is characterized by hazardous properties, the predominant factor of which is the dust factor, which must be taken into account when handling such waste, and the introduction of modern dust suppression technologies. It is also necessary to take into account that in the waste composition of even one branch of industry, chemical compounds are characterized by various negative effects on the body. Therefore, a comprehensive sanitary-epidemiological assessment of waste with the determination of its dangerous properties according to medical criteria, establishing the hazard class of waste in various ways of entering the body is the basis for preventing their negative impact on the health of the population, which will contribute to the development of measures for controlled waste management. Conclusions. Taking into account the hazardous properties of waste according to medical criteria is an important factor necessary for conducting a comprehensive sanitary-epidemiological assessment of industrial waste and developing m","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125314889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The influence of learning factors and daily routine on the health of school-age children: results of scientific research of the laboratory of social determinants of children’s health during 2017-2022 学习因素和日常生活习惯对学龄儿童健康的影响:2017-2022年儿童健康社会决定因素实验室科研结果
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.32402/dovkil2023.03.062
S. Hozak, O. Yelizarova, T. Stankevych, A. Parats
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of learning and behavioural factors on the health and adaptability of school-aged children. Methods. The article presents the research results on the influence of behavioural and learning factors on the health of school-aged children based on the findings of three scientific research projects in the Laboratory of Social Determinants of Children's Health during 2017-2022. QAPACE, Q-RAPH, GPAQ, and RCADS-P-25 questionnaires were used for data collection. Physical and mental parameters were measured to evaluate health, computed comprehensive indicators, and analyzed behavioural factors. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA 8.0 and IBM SPSS STATISTICS 26. Results. Significant differences were found in the duration of both total and different types of physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour, sleep duration and quality in groups of children with different levels of health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moderate-to-vigorous PA, about 60 min/day, the most maintained a high level of children's health, confirming other scientists' findings. Optimal levels of daily and weekly different PA were calculated for school-age children by age group and gender under ordinary living conditions and quarantine measures. Our research has shown how children adapt to distance learning varies significantly depending on the format used. Synchronous e-learning was the most beneficial and recommended approach for promoting the well-being of school-age children, whereas assigning independent work tasks through messaging platforms was less favourable. Conclusions. A significant influence of the format of distance learning and daily routine factors on the health and adaptation of school-age children in everyday living and during quarantine measures was established. We found that disrupting children's daily routines and excessive sedentary behaviour can interfere with adaptation and increase the potential for maladaptive responses to stress. Therefore, following physical activity guidelines for school-aged children based on their physiological and psychological characteristics is crucial to promote overall health and well-being.
这项研究的目的是研究学习和行为因素对学龄儿童健康和适应能力的影响。方法。本文根据2017-2022年儿童健康社会决定因素实验室三个科研项目的研究结果,介绍了行为和学习因素对学龄儿童健康影响的研究结果。采用QAPACE、Q-RAPH、GPAQ和RCADS-P-25问卷进行数据收集。测量身体和心理参数以评估健康状况,计算综合指标,并分析行为因素。采用STATISTICA 8.0和IBM SPSS STATISTICS 26进行统计学分析。结果。在COVID-19大流行之前和期间,不同健康水平的儿童群体在总体力活动和不同类型的体力活动(PA)持续时间、久坐行为、睡眠持续时间和质量方面存在显著差异。中等到高强度的PA,大约每天60分钟,最能保持儿童的高水平健康,证实了其他科学家的发现。在普通生活条件和隔离措施下,按年龄组和性别计算学龄儿童每日和每周不同PA的最佳水平。我们的研究表明,儿童适应远程学习的方式因教学形式的不同而有很大差异。同步电子学习是促进学龄儿童福祉的最有益和最受推荐的方法,而通过消息传递平台分配独立工作任务则不太有利。结论。确定了远程教育形式和日常生活因素对学龄儿童在日常生活和隔离措施期间的健康和适应有重大影响。我们发现,打乱孩子的日常生活和过度的久坐行为会干扰他们的适应能力,增加他们对压力的适应不良反应的可能性。因此,根据学龄儿童的生理和心理特点,遵循他们的体育活动指南对于促进整体健康和福祉至关重要。
{"title":"The influence of learning factors and daily routine on the health of school-age children: results of scientific research of the laboratory of social determinants of children’s health during 2017-2022","authors":"S. Hozak, O. Yelizarova, T. Stankevych, A. Parats","doi":"10.32402/dovkil2023.03.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.03.062","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to examine the effects of learning and behavioural factors on the health and adaptability of school-aged children. Methods. The article presents the research results on the influence of behavioural and learning factors on the health of school-aged children based on the findings of three scientific research projects in the Laboratory of Social Determinants of Children's Health during 2017-2022. QAPACE, Q-RAPH, GPAQ, and RCADS-P-25 questionnaires were used for data collection. Physical and mental parameters were measured to evaluate health, computed comprehensive indicators, and analyzed behavioural factors. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA 8.0 and IBM SPSS STATISTICS 26. Results. Significant differences were found in the duration of both total and different types of physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour, sleep duration and quality in groups of children with different levels of health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moderate-to-vigorous PA, about 60 min/day, the most maintained a high level of children's health, confirming other scientists' findings. Optimal levels of daily and weekly different PA were calculated for school-age children by age group and gender under ordinary living conditions and quarantine measures. Our research has shown how children adapt to distance learning varies significantly depending on the format used. Synchronous e-learning was the most beneficial and recommended approach for promoting the well-being of school-age children, whereas assigning independent work tasks through messaging platforms was less favourable. Conclusions. A significant influence of the format of distance learning and daily routine factors on the health and adaptation of school-age children in everyday living and during quarantine measures was established. We found that disrupting children's daily routines and excessive sedentary behaviour can interfere with adaptation and increase the potential for maladaptive responses to stress. Therefore, following physical activity guidelines for school-aged children based on their physiological and psychological characteristics is crucial to promote overall health and well-being.","PeriodicalId":144023,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121315336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Environment & Health
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1