A. Sallam, Azza G. Farag, Essam K. Elbeshe, A. Atta, S. Sabik
Four different patterns of chlorotic blotches, mosaic, yellowish mottling and deformation were observed and collected in four fig-growing areas of North Egypt from cv. Sultany farms. Fig mosaic virus like symptoms were successful purified through transmission an eriophyid mite, Aceria ficus Cotte to healthy potted rooted cuttings grown under glasshouse conditions. Young leaves appearing typical symptoms caused by FMV. Electron microscope observations of thin-sectioned tissues from symptomatic leaves showed Double Membrane Bodies (DMBs) characteristic for FMV particles compared with symptomless leaves. Viral particles belong to family of Bunyaviridae. The RT-PCR performed on total RNA extracted from leaf tissue infected with the studied virus confirmed the specificity of the primers of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene for RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The size of the PCR amplified fragment was 302 bp. The sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Egyptian FMV isolate was closely related to other FMV isolates, especially the Italian and Arkansas ones with 80%similarity. The genetic relationship between the RdRp gene for the Egyptian isolate of FMV with other FMV sequences on the Genbank was studied.
{"title":"Partial Nucleotide Sequence of the Family Bunyaviridae Associated with a Mosaic-Diseased Fig. in North Egypt","authors":"A. Sallam, Azza G. Farag, Essam K. Elbeshe, A. Atta, S. Sabik","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2015.77.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2015.77.86","url":null,"abstract":"Four different patterns of chlorotic blotches, mosaic, yellowish mottling and deformation were observed and collected in four fig-growing areas of North Egypt from cv. Sultany farms. Fig mosaic virus like symptoms were successful purified through transmission an eriophyid mite, Aceria ficus Cotte to healthy potted rooted cuttings grown under glasshouse conditions. Young leaves appearing typical symptoms caused by FMV. Electron microscope observations of thin-sectioned tissues from symptomatic leaves showed Double Membrane Bodies (DMBs) characteristic for FMV particles compared with symptomless leaves. Viral particles belong to family of Bunyaviridae. The RT-PCR performed on total RNA extracted from leaf tissue infected with the studied virus confirmed the specificity of the primers of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene for RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The size of the PCR amplified fragment was 302 bp. The sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Egyptian FMV isolate was closely related to other FMV isolates, especially the Italian and Arkansas ones with 80%similarity. The genetic relationship between the RdRp gene for the Egyptian isolate of FMV with other FMV sequences on the Genbank was studied.","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"34 1","pages":"77-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78760665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was aimed to identify the causal agent inducing virus-like symptoms on cucumber plants for the first report of Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) in Egypt. A total of 45 symptomatic and asymptomatic cucumber samples were collected from five locations in El-Behira, government, Egypt during June, 2014. Out of 45 samples analyzed by DAS-ELISA, twenty two samples were found infected by CCYV only, two and four samples showed mixed infection with Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus+CCYV and Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus+CCYV, respectively, whereas the rest of the samples were negative to all three viruses. No RT-PCR products were obtained with all tested samples when the specific primer for Beet pseudo-yellows virus was used. Total RNA was extracted from ELISA positive samples for CCYV and a 353-bp DNA fragment of the HSP70 gene was amplified by RT-PCR using specific primer for CCYV. The synthesized cDNA probe for CCYV was used to confirm the detection of CCYV in singly and mixed infections using dot blot hybridization. The highest similarity (100%) was found with 22 isolates of CCYV isolated from melon, watermelon, cucumber and muskmelon in Japan, China, Taiwan, Lebanon and Sudan was found but the lowest similarity (94.3%) was found with two isolates from cucumber and melon in Iran. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CCYV on cucumber in Egypt.
{"title":"Serological and Molecular Characterization of Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus Affecting Cucumber Plants in Egypt","authors":"M. Amer","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2015.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2015.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to identify the causal agent inducing virus-like symptoms on cucumber plants for the first report of Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) in Egypt. A total of 45 symptomatic and asymptomatic cucumber samples were collected from five locations in El-Behira, government, Egypt during June, 2014. Out of 45 samples analyzed by DAS-ELISA, twenty two samples were found infected by CCYV only, two and four samples showed mixed infection with Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus+CCYV and Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus+CCYV, respectively, whereas the rest of the samples were negative to all three viruses. No RT-PCR products were obtained with all tested samples when the specific primer for Beet pseudo-yellows virus was used. Total RNA was extracted from ELISA positive samples for CCYV and a 353-bp DNA fragment of the HSP70 gene was amplified by RT-PCR using specific primer for CCYV. The synthesized cDNA probe for CCYV was used to confirm the detection of CCYV in singly and mixed infections using dot blot hybridization. The highest similarity (100%) was found with 22 isolates of CCYV isolated from melon, watermelon, cucumber and muskmelon in Japan, China, Taiwan, Lebanon and Sudan was found but the lowest similarity (94.3%) was found with two isolates from cucumber and melon in Iran. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CCYV on cucumber in Egypt.","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"82 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87354644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masahiko Takahashi, M. Kikuchi, H. Ebinuma, H. Saito
Weight loss has been reported in patients treated with peginterferon alpha (Peg-IFN-") and ribavirin, however, the pathophysiological mechanism of this weight loss is unclear. We prospectively evaluated the nutritional status, body composition and dietary intake of 10 chronic hepatitis C patients treated with Peg-IFN-" and ribavirin, before, at the end of and at 6 months after treatment. Nutritional status and body composition were evaluated by using anthropometric analyses and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) with a body composition analyzer. Body weight, body mass index and total energy intake were significantly (p<0.05) reduced at the end of treatment compared with before treatment, however, at 6 months after treatment, they were recovered to before-treatment levels. In anthropometric analyses, percent Triceps Skinfold Thickness (TSF%) which represents body fat mass was significantly (p<0.05) decreased at the end of treatment compared with before treatment, whereas, percent Arm Muscle Circumference (AMC%) which represents body muscle was not. In the BIA, body fat mass was also significantly (p<0.05) decreased, whereas, skeletal muscle mass was not. There were no significant changes in grip strength and serum albumin level. Decreased TSF% and body fat mass were also recovered to before treatment values at 6 months after treatment. The body weight loss observed during Peg-IFN-"-2b and ribavirin was attributable to body fat mass decrease rather than skeletal muscle mass decrease. Decreased body weight and decreased body fat mass were recovered to before treatment values at 6 months after treatment without body composition change.
{"title":"Nutritional status and body composition dynamics with peginterferon alpha and ribavirin combination therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients","authors":"Masahiko Takahashi, M. Kikuchi, H. Ebinuma, H. Saito","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2015.12.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2015.12.19","url":null,"abstract":"Weight loss has been reported in patients treated with peginterferon alpha (Peg-IFN-\") and ribavirin, however, the pathophysiological mechanism of this weight loss is unclear. We prospectively evaluated the nutritional status, body composition and dietary intake of 10 chronic hepatitis C patients treated with Peg-IFN-\" and ribavirin, before, at the end of and at 6 months after treatment. Nutritional status and body composition were evaluated by using anthropometric analyses and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) with a body composition analyzer. Body weight, body mass index and total energy intake were significantly (p<0.05) reduced at the end of treatment compared with before treatment, however, at 6 months after treatment, they were recovered to before-treatment levels. In anthropometric analyses, percent Triceps Skinfold Thickness (TSF%) which represents body fat mass was significantly (p<0.05) decreased at the end of treatment compared with before treatment, whereas, percent Arm Muscle Circumference (AMC%) which represents body muscle was not. In the BIA, body fat mass was also significantly (p<0.05) decreased, whereas, skeletal muscle mass was not. There were no significant changes in grip strength and serum albumin level. Decreased TSF% and body fat mass were also recovered to before treatment values at 6 months after treatment. The body weight loss observed during Peg-IFN-\"-2b and ribavirin was attributable to body fat mass decrease rather than skeletal muscle mass decrease. Decreased body weight and decreased body fat mass were recovered to before treatment values at 6 months after treatment without body composition change.","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"27 1","pages":"12-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86662596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Moussa, Ahmed B.B. Ibrahem, Aly F.M. El Sayed, Fafy A. Mohammed
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a dsDNA virus and it is the causative agent of genital herpes infection. The most important problem of herpes viruses is the reactivation that may lead to recurrent infection. On the other hand, Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a negative strand RNA virus that can cause many diseases to animals and rarely to human. Excess antiviral drugs use in the treatment of viral infections can induce mutagenicity and cross-resistance so searching for new source of antiviral drugs such as marine actinomycetes is required. A total of 72 Actinomycetes isolated from Qarun Lake governed to El-Fayoum-Egypt were screened for their antimicrobial activities against six bacterial strains, three fungal strains and one yeast strain. All of actinomycetes isolates were assayed for their antimicrobial activities using inhibition zone method and found that 10 isolates were active against bacteria, 3 isolates have activities against fungi and 5 isolates have both antibacterial and antifungal activities. All active isolates were tested for antiviral potentials using Cytopathic Effect (CPE) inhibition assay after determination of safe concentrations of actinomycete filtrates on Vero cells using MTT assay. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), were used as a test viruses. Nine isolates proved antiviral potentials against both viruses. Two isolates coded to Q3 and B2T were selected as the most active isolates against HSV-2 and VSV, respectively and were identified as a genus of Streptomyces. Our result gives conclusion that, marine actinomycetes still considered as a valuable source of many antimicrobial agents and can produce antiviral drugs against both DNA and RNA viruses.
{"title":"In vitro Evaluation of Anti-microbial Activities of Marine Streptomyces against Viral Models, Bacterial and Fungal Strains","authors":"H. Moussa, Ahmed B.B. Ibrahem, Aly F.M. El Sayed, Fafy A. Mohammed","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2015.20.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2015.20.31","url":null,"abstract":"Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a dsDNA virus and it is the causative agent of genital herpes infection. The most important problem of herpes viruses is the reactivation that may lead to recurrent infection. On the other hand, Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a negative strand RNA virus that can cause many diseases to animals and rarely to human. Excess antiviral drugs use in the treatment of viral infections can induce mutagenicity and cross-resistance so searching for new source of antiviral drugs such as marine actinomycetes is required. A total of 72 Actinomycetes isolated from Qarun Lake governed to El-Fayoum-Egypt were screened for their antimicrobial activities against six bacterial strains, three fungal strains and one yeast strain. All of actinomycetes isolates were assayed for their antimicrobial activities using inhibition zone method and found that 10 isolates were active against bacteria, 3 isolates have activities against fungi and 5 isolates have both antibacterial and antifungal activities. All active isolates were tested for antiviral potentials using Cytopathic Effect (CPE) inhibition assay after determination of safe concentrations of actinomycete filtrates on Vero cells using MTT assay. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), were used as a test viruses. Nine isolates proved antiviral potentials against both viruses. Two isolates coded to Q3 and B2T were selected as the most active isolates against HSV-2 and VSV, respectively and were identified as a genus of Streptomyces. Our result gives conclusion that, marine actinomycetes still considered as a valuable source of many antimicrobial agents and can produce antiviral drugs against both DNA and RNA viruses.","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"1 1","pages":"20-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89356383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. K. Putra, T. H. Astono, S. R. C. Syamsidi, S. Djauhari
{"title":"Dispersal, yield losses and varietal resistance of Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV) in Indonesia.","authors":"L. K. Putra, T. H. Astono, S. R. C. Syamsidi, S. Djauhari","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2015.32.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2015.32.40","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"31 1","pages":"32-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78402630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.3923/IJV.2014.272.279
Balwinder Singh
{"title":"Indexing of Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) from Potato Growing Areas of Punjab, India","authors":"Balwinder Singh","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2014.272.279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2014.272.279","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"58 1","pages":"272-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78322541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.3923/IJV.2014.253.262
A. Owolabi, E. E. Ekpiken
{"title":"Transmission Efficiency of Two Strains of Moroccan Watermelon Mosaic Virus by Two Clones of Aphis spiraecola (Patch)","authors":"A. Owolabi, E. E. Ekpiken","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2014.253.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2014.253.262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"161 2","pages":"253-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91503511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.3923/IJV.2014.263.271
A. Eichmeier, P. Komínek
{"title":"Detection of Moravian Isolates of GFLV: Comparison of Real-Time RT-PCR and ELISA","authors":"A. Eichmeier, P. Komínek","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2014.263.271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2014.263.271","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"82 1","pages":"263-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74215088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.3923/IJV.2014.204.210
E. Ayo-John, .. J.dA.Hughes
{"title":"Identification of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) Isolates Infecting Musa spp. and Vegetable Crops in Southern Nigeria","authors":"E. Ayo-John, .. J.dA.Hughes","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2014.204.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2014.204.210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"23 1","pages":"204-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91276966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.3923/IJV.2014.211.223
Khalid A. El-Doug, A. Reh, A. Saba, M. Hazza, A. Kandeel
A simple ISSR-PCR as a routine method of microtuber PVY tested derived potato plantlets for somaclonal variations is aperquist for pricise monitoring of quality control during rapid mass micropropagation. and effective management of microtubers genetic resoures. This study reports on the use of ISSR-PCR for detection of genetic variations in micripropagated potato plants. Microtubers PVY testedderived potato plantlets were screened using ISSR-DNA markers. Three ISSR primers were chosen as producing polymorphic D N A fragments differentiating the investigated plantlets and microtubers in vitro. D N A fingerprint revealed genetic variations, 4 0 % polymorphisms of therapeutic plantlets, approximately 5 0 % of the analyzed potato plantlets with 4.5 polymorphic fragments per primer. While the D N A was isolated from microtubers produced using jasmonic acid and coumarin after ISSR amplification it was obvious that microtuber identical fragments profile. The frequency of somaclonal variations was found to be virus therapeutic and microtuberization inducers. The somaclonal variations were only detected in high jasmonic and coumarin concentrations. Although minor morphological variations were recorded in the microtubers of some clones. The developed fragments profiles of different micropropagated clones were typical to that of the donor mother plants.
{"title":"Monitoring of Microtubers Virus Tested-Derived Potato Tissue Culture by DNA Fingerprint Analysis","authors":"Khalid A. El-Doug, A. Reh, A. Saba, M. Hazza, A. Kandeel","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2014.211.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2014.211.223","url":null,"abstract":"A simple ISSR-PCR as a routine method of microtuber PVY tested derived potato plantlets for somaclonal variations is aperquist for pricise monitoring of quality control during rapid mass micropropagation. and effective management of microtubers genetic resoures. This study reports on the use of ISSR-PCR for detection of genetic variations in micripropagated potato plants. Microtubers PVY testedderived potato plantlets were screened using ISSR-DNA markers. Three ISSR primers were chosen as producing polymorphic D N A fragments differentiating the investigated plantlets and microtubers in vitro. D N A fingerprint revealed genetic variations, 4 0 % polymorphisms of therapeutic plantlets, approximately 5 0 % of the analyzed potato plantlets with 4.5 polymorphic fragments per primer. While the D N A was isolated from microtubers produced using jasmonic acid and coumarin after ISSR amplification it was obvious that microtuber identical fragments profile. The frequency of somaclonal variations was found to be virus therapeutic and microtuberization inducers. The somaclonal variations were only detected in high jasmonic and coumarin concentrations. Although minor morphological variations were recorded in the microtubers of some clones. The developed fragments profiles of different micropropagated clones were typical to that of the donor mother plants.","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"45 1","pages":"211-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85141791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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