{"title":"Editorial: Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard: A bicentennial tribute","authors":"S. Dawka","doi":"10.4314/IJMU.V12I1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJMU.V12I1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14472,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Medical Update - EJOURNAL","volume":"38 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83271278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The contribution of depression to disease burden is enormous and is even expected to increase. Patients, caregivers and indeed society suffer on account of depression. Data was obtained from the case files of 152 depressed patients out of the total of 522 patients attended to in the mental health clinic of a teaching hospital, over a six-year period. Thus the period prevalence of depression was 29.12%. There were more females (females 55.3% and males 44.7%). Majority of the patients were in the age group 23-33 years, 53.3% were unemployed, 46.1% had experienced a stressful life event prior to being diagnosed with depression and 17.8% had a first-degree relation who has suffered depression. All the patients had depressed mood while more than 80% had anhedonia, anorexia and insomnia. Almost 60% had severe depression. Of all the patients’ characteristics considered, only impaired occupational functioning was significantly associated with severe depression while impaired occupational functioning, feeling of worthlessness, suicidal ideation and severe depression were significantly associated with attempted suicide. Depressive symptomatology in the region appears to have been stable over the years. Clinicians need to pay attention to occupational functioning, as it may be a pointer to the severity of depression. Impaired occupational functioning, feelings of worthlessness and suicidal ideation should be inquired after during evaluation of depressed patients as uncovering them may forestall attempted or actual suicide. Keywords: Depressed; Patients; Clinic; Prevalence
{"title":"Depressed patients seen at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH): a six-year review","authors":"E. Adayonfo, C. Selo-Ojeme","doi":"10.4314/ijmu.v12i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijmu.v12i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution of depression to disease burden is enormous and is even expected to increase. Patients, caregivers and indeed society suffer on account of depression. Data was obtained from the case files of 152 depressed patients out of the total of 522 patients attended to in the mental health clinic of a teaching hospital, over a six-year period. Thus the period prevalence of depression was 29.12%. There were more females (females 55.3% and males 44.7%). Majority of the patients were in the age group 23-33 years, 53.3% were unemployed, 46.1% had experienced a stressful life event prior to being diagnosed with depression and 17.8% had a first-degree relation who has suffered depression. All the patients had depressed mood while more than 80% had anhedonia, anorexia and insomnia. Almost 60% had severe depression. Of all the patients’ characteristics considered, only impaired occupational functioning was significantly associated with severe depression while impaired occupational functioning, feeling of worthlessness, suicidal ideation and severe depression were significantly associated with attempted suicide. Depressive symptomatology in the region appears to have been stable over the years. Clinicians need to pay attention to occupational functioning, as it may be a pointer to the severity of depression. Impaired occupational functioning, feelings of worthlessness and suicidal ideation should be inquired after during evaluation of depressed patients as uncovering them may forestall attempted or actual suicide. Keywords: Depressed; Patients; Clinic; Prevalence","PeriodicalId":14472,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Medical Update - EJOURNAL","volume":"30 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87315988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shivkumar Gopalakrishnan, S. Kandasamy, B. Isaac, C. Jayasankar, C. Chandru
A major cause of mortality in Government Villupuram Medical College & Hospital is due to toxin exposure. Oleander poisoning ranks second in the list being superseded only by organophosphate poisoning. Data on the incidence, clinical features and the determinants of mortality are scanty. Standardized treatment or monitoring protocols are lacking. The study aimed to identify key mortality predictors in oleander poisoning, document the clinical spectrum of patients presenting with oleander poisoning and to devise a standard assessment protocol in oleander-poisoned patients. This is a prospective, observational study conducted at Villupuram Medical College. Consecutive hospitalized patients who had consumed oleander seeds, fruits or leaves were included in the study after obtaining informed, written consent. Upon registration, detailed history, clinical examination, baseline investigations and targeted investigations were performed. The data were documented in the standardized case proforma and subsequently computed. Patients were followed up 12 hourly by clinical examination and ECG recordings for a duration of 3 days. The data were analyzed using standard statistical methods. A total of 101 patients (46 male and 55 female) were enrolled into the study. There were 18 deaths, most of them (82.55%) occurring within 24 hours of intake. Among the parameters assessed, females, low BMI (Body Mass Index), consumption of > 3 seeds, delayed presentation (after 120 minutes), altered mental status, clinical shock, presence of heart block and absent p waves in ECG were significantly associated with mortality. Males, high BMI, low dosage of poison (<=3 seeds) and hemodynamic stability on day 1 were associated with favorable outcomes. ST-T segment changes, sinus tachycardia, ventricular premature contractions and administration of orciprenaline had no significant effect on the outcome. Oleander poisoning claims lives in the rural tropics. Institutional assessment and treatment protocols based on the infrastructure and expertise available are the need of the hour. Prompt first aid, critical assessment and timely referral for cardiac pacing can cut down mortality to a large extent. Keywords: Oleander poisoning; Cardiac glycoside toxicity; Mortality predictors
{"title":"Oleander toxicity – the clinical spectrum and mortality predictors: an observational study","authors":"Shivkumar Gopalakrishnan, S. Kandasamy, B. Isaac, C. Jayasankar, C. Chandru","doi":"10.4314/IJMU.V12I1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJMU.V12I1.2","url":null,"abstract":"A major cause of mortality in Government Villupuram Medical College & Hospital is due to toxin exposure. Oleander poisoning ranks second in the list being superseded only by organophosphate poisoning. Data on the incidence, clinical features and the determinants of mortality are scanty. Standardized treatment or monitoring protocols are lacking. The study aimed to identify key mortality predictors in oleander poisoning, document the clinical spectrum of patients presenting with oleander poisoning and to devise a standard assessment protocol in oleander-poisoned patients. This is a prospective, observational study conducted at Villupuram Medical College. Consecutive hospitalized patients who had consumed oleander seeds, fruits or leaves were included in the study after obtaining informed, written consent. Upon registration, detailed history, clinical examination, baseline investigations and targeted investigations were performed. The data were documented in the standardized case proforma and subsequently computed. Patients were followed up 12 hourly by clinical examination and ECG recordings for a duration of 3 days. The data were analyzed using standard statistical methods. A total of 101 patients (46 male and 55 female) were enrolled into the study. There were 18 deaths, most of them (82.55%) occurring within 24 hours of intake. Among the parameters assessed, females, low BMI (Body Mass Index), consumption of > 3 seeds, delayed presentation (after 120 minutes), altered mental status, clinical shock, presence of heart block and absent p waves in ECG were significantly associated with mortality. Males, high BMI, low dosage of poison (<=3 seeds) and hemodynamic stability on day 1 were associated with favorable outcomes. ST-T segment changes, sinus tachycardia, ventricular premature contractions and administration of orciprenaline had no significant effect on the outcome. Oleander poisoning claims lives in the rural tropics. Institutional assessment and treatment protocols based on the infrastructure and expertise available are the need of the hour. Prompt first aid, critical assessment and timely referral for cardiac pacing can cut down mortality to a large extent. Keywords: Oleander poisoning; Cardiac glycoside toxicity; Mortality predictors","PeriodicalId":14472,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Medical Update - EJOURNAL","volume":"19 1","pages":"4-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80572095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Athar, A. Chaudhary, S. Kala, M. Srivastava, L. Khan, C. Kala, Vivek Singh, Vardan Pandey
Myoepithelial carcinoma (malignant myoepithelioma) of the breast is a rare entity and in the male breast it is even rarer. Two cases of benign myoepithelioma in the male breast have been reported so far. Here we report, probably the first case of Myoepithelial carcinoma in a male breast with clinical features mimicking locally advanced breast carcinoma, together with illustration of pathological finding, microscopic appearance and management. Keywords: Myoepithelial carcinoma; Modified radical mastectomy; Chemotherapy
{"title":"Myoepithelial carcinoma of the male breast: a rare case report","authors":"M. Athar, A. Chaudhary, S. Kala, M. Srivastava, L. Khan, C. Kala, Vivek Singh, Vardan Pandey","doi":"10.4314/IJMU.V12I1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJMU.V12I1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Myoepithelial carcinoma (malignant myoepithelioma) of the breast is a rare entity and in the male breast it is even rarer. Two cases of benign myoepithelioma in the male breast have been reported so far. Here we report, probably the first case of Myoepithelial carcinoma in a male breast with clinical features mimicking locally advanced breast carcinoma, together with illustration of pathological finding, microscopic appearance and management. Keywords: Myoepithelial carcinoma; Modified radical mastectomy; Chemotherapy","PeriodicalId":14472,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Medical Update - EJOURNAL","volume":"80 3 1","pages":"21-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77226671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We set out to study GPs’ understanding of gambling addiction, their experiences of, and confidence in, managing these patients in primary care, their perceived role and feasibility, their views on funding gambling treatment services, etc. To this end, we carried out a postal questionnaire survey of all GPs (N=136) in Solihull, England. Ninety eight (98) of the 136 (72%) GPs returned completed questionnaires. Three-quarters of GPs had seen gambling addicts in their practice but none had ever received any training in the management of gambling addiction. The large majority of GPs acknowledged that gambling addiction was an important public health problem with significant potential adverse impacts. 90.8% of GPs expressed lack of confidence in managing these patients but most were keen to do more to help, and receive training. Although they saw this disorder being within their remit, they highlighted that potential resource implications ought to be addressed if gambling addicts are to be successfully managed in primary care. Much more needs to be done to improve the identification and treatment of gambling addicts in primary care settings. Most GPs saw the care of these patients as within their remit, were willing to get involved and were receptive to more training. We hope our findings will inform the development and implementation of any future training program for GPs. Keywords: Gambling addiction; Primary care; General practitioners; Management
{"title":"Gambling addiction in primary care: a survey of general practitioners in Solihull","authors":"Tamara Chithiramohan, Sanju George","doi":"10.4314/IJMU.V11I2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJMU.V11I2.2","url":null,"abstract":"We set out to study GPs’ understanding of gambling addiction, their experiences of, and confidence in, managing these patients in primary care, their perceived role and feasibility, their views on funding gambling treatment services, etc. To this end, we carried out a postal questionnaire survey of all GPs (N=136) in Solihull, England. Ninety eight (98) of the 136 (72%) GPs returned completed questionnaires. Three-quarters of GPs had seen gambling addicts in their practice but none had ever received any training in the management of gambling addiction. The large majority of GPs acknowledged that gambling addiction was an important public health problem with significant potential adverse impacts. 90.8% of GPs expressed lack of confidence in managing these patients but most were keen to do more to help, and receive training. Although they saw this disorder being within their remit, they highlighted that potential resource implications ought to be addressed if gambling addicts are to be successfully managed in primary care. Much more needs to be done to improve the identification and treatment of gambling addicts in primary care settings. Most GPs saw the care of these patients as within their remit, were willing to get involved and were receptive to more training. We hope our findings will inform the development and implementation of any future training program for GPs. Keywords: Gambling addiction; Primary care; General practitioners; Management","PeriodicalId":14472,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Medical Update - EJOURNAL","volume":"11 1","pages":"2-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80814711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We surveyed 121 Indian psychiatrists to explore their understanding of gambling addiction, their exposure to patients with gambling addiction in their day to day clinical practice, and their perception about the feasibility of getting involved in managing these patients. 80.9% of psychiatrists who responded said they had seen patients with gambling addiction in their clinical practice. However, only 19.1% reported ever having received any teaching or training in the management of gambling addicts. 90.2% of psychiatrists said it was feasible for them to be involved in the management of gambling addiction, and 80.7% of those who responded specifically said they would like to receive training in the treatment of gambling disorders. At an operational level, much more needs to be done to improve training of psychiatrists in India as regards identification, assessment and treatment of gambling addicts. And strategy-wise, gambling addiction needs to be given a more prominent place in clinical, policy and academic discourse within the landscape of mainstream Indian psychiatry. Keywords: Gambling addiction; Primary care; Psychiatrists; Management
{"title":"Gambling addiction in India: A survey of Indian psychiatrists","authors":"Sanju George, T. Jaisoorya","doi":"10.4314/IJMU.V11I2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJMU.V11I2.3","url":null,"abstract":"We surveyed 121 Indian psychiatrists to explore their understanding of gambling addiction, their exposure to patients with gambling addiction in their day to day clinical practice, and their perception about the feasibility of getting involved in managing these patients. 80.9% of psychiatrists who responded said they had seen patients with gambling addiction in their clinical practice. However, only 19.1% reported ever having received any teaching or training in the management of gambling addicts. 90.2% of psychiatrists said it was feasible for them to be involved in the management of gambling addiction, and 80.7% of those who responded specifically said they would like to receive training in the treatment of gambling disorders. At an operational level, much more needs to be done to improve training of psychiatrists in India as regards identification, assessment and treatment of gambling addicts. And strategy-wise, gambling addiction needs to be given a more prominent place in clinical, policy and academic discourse within the landscape of mainstream Indian psychiatry. Keywords: Gambling addiction; Primary care; Psychiatrists; Management","PeriodicalId":14472,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Medical Update - EJOURNAL","volume":"30 1","pages":"7-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91058550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohsen Sheykhhasan, M. Ghiasi, Hossien Bakhtiyari Pak
The ability of cartilage to repair damage is limited due to lack of blood vessels and low cell density. Recently, tissue engineering is considerably preferred to other treatments as a way to solve this problem. Regardless of cell sources, one of the crucial factors in tissue engineering is to select an appropriate scaffold, which is essential for healing and renewal procedure of tissues in vivo and in vitro . Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from adipose tissue in liposuction surgeries by use of collagenase enzyme. After verification by flow cytometry methods, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) were embedded into alginate and agarose scaffolds, separately; and then they were cultured in chondrogenic medium for 3 weeks. The ability of alginate and agarose scaffolds was assessed by use of MTT assay and histological analysis. In addition, analysis of chondrogenic genes expression by Real-time PCR was done. The obtained data were analyzed statistically by means of SPSS software. There was a significant difference between alginate and agarose groups in maintaining cells viable but, about chondrogenic differentiation analyzed by use of real-time PCR, statistical analysis has shown a significant difference in expression of aggrecan (as a chondrocyte-specific gene) and collagen II (as an chondrocyte-specific gene) between cell/alginate and cell/agarose and MSCs (p<0.05). Chondrocyte differentiation of cells was verified by histological analysis. Alginate scaffold can provide a suitable environment for chondrogenic differentiation of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells. Keywords: Alginate; Agarose; Chondrogenic differentiation; Mesenchymal stem cell; Tissue engineering
{"title":"The assessment of natural scaffolds ability in chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Mohsen Sheykhhasan, M. Ghiasi, Hossien Bakhtiyari Pak","doi":"10.4314/IJMU.V11I2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJMU.V11I2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of cartilage to repair damage is limited due to lack of blood vessels and low cell density. Recently, tissue engineering is considerably preferred to other treatments as a way to solve this problem. Regardless of cell sources, one of the crucial factors in tissue engineering is to select an appropriate scaffold, which is essential for healing and renewal procedure of tissues in vivo and in vitro . Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from adipose tissue in liposuction surgeries by use of collagenase enzyme. After verification by flow cytometry methods, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) were embedded into alginate and agarose scaffolds, separately; and then they were cultured in chondrogenic medium for 3 weeks. The ability of alginate and agarose scaffolds was assessed by use of MTT assay and histological analysis. In addition, analysis of chondrogenic genes expression by Real-time PCR was done. The obtained data were analyzed statistically by means of SPSS software. There was a significant difference between alginate and agarose groups in maintaining cells viable but, about chondrogenic differentiation analyzed by use of real-time PCR, statistical analysis has shown a significant difference in expression of aggrecan (as a chondrocyte-specific gene) and collagen II (as an chondrocyte-specific gene) between cell/alginate and cell/agarose and MSCs (p<0.05). Chondrocyte differentiation of cells was verified by histological analysis. Alginate scaffold can provide a suitable environment for chondrogenic differentiation of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells. Keywords: Alginate; Agarose; Chondrogenic differentiation; Mesenchymal stem cell; Tissue engineering","PeriodicalId":14472,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Medical Update - EJOURNAL","volume":"57 1","pages":"11-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89385992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Letter to Editor: Poor collimation in digital radiology: A growing concern","authors":"M. Zabihzadeh, V. Karami","doi":"10.4314/IJMU.V11I2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJMU.V11I2.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14472,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Medical Update - EJOURNAL","volume":"123 1","pages":"29-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85711093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shivangna Singh, Shalini Chandra, A. Kapoor, H. K. Singh, R. Kant
Atypical antipsychotics have become the mainstay of therapy for psychosis. Though extrapyramidal side effects have been reduced with atypical antipsychotics, yet there are increased concerns over metabolic effects. The present study is aimed to comparatively evaluate the metabolic profile of olanzapine and iloperidone in cases of psychosis. A prospective, randomized, open label, observational study of 6 months duration was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology and Department of Psychiatry, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly. A total of 62 patients of both sexes newly diagnosed with psychosis (ICD-10, F20- F29) were included in the study, 31 each in olanzapine and iloperidone groups. Demographic parameters were recorded, following which the patient’s body weight, BMI, fasting blood sugar and lipid profile were estimated at baseline. Follow-up of the patients was done periodically after one month, three months and six months. Olanzapine treated patients showed markedly significant rise in body weight up to 7 kg at the endpoint (p<0.0001) at each follow-up, with a significant increase in BMI. Rise in fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels werealso statistically significant. At the same time, significant decrease in HDL levels was also observed. Iloperidone treated patients showed statistically significant less rise in body weight (upto 1kg, p<0.05) and BMI. No significant changes in fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL levels were noted, while TG levels were significantly reduced. Iloperidone caused numerically less rise in bodyweight and BMI, and fewer metabolic adverse effects as compared to olanzapine, and hence should be preferred. Keywords: Atypical antipsychotics; Weight gain; Blood sugar level; Dyslipidemia
非典型抗精神病药物已成为治疗精神病的主要药物。虽然非典型抗精神病药物的锥体外系副作用已经减少，但对代谢影响的担忧却在增加。本研究旨在比较评价奥氮平和依哌啶酮在精神病患者中的代谢特征。在barilly Rohilkhand医学院和医院药理学和精神病学学系进行了一项为期6个月的前瞻性、随机、开放标签的观察性研究。本研究共纳入62例新诊断为精神病(ICD-10, F20- F29)的男女患者，其中奥氮平组和伊operidone组各31例。记录人口统计学参数，然后在基线时估计患者的体重、BMI、空腹血糖和血脂。随访时间分别为1个月、3个月和6个月。在每次随访中，奥氮平治疗的患者在终点体重显著增加至7 kg (p<0.0001)， BMI显著增加。空腹血糖(FBS)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平的升高也具有统计学意义。同时，高密度脂蛋白水平也显著降低。依哌啶酮组患者体重(最高达1kg, p<0.05)和BMI升高幅度均有统计学意义。空腹血糖、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白水平无明显变化，而TG水平明显降低。与奥氮平相比，伊operidone引起的体重和BMI数值上升更小，代谢不良反应更少，因此应首选。关键词:非典型抗精神病药物;体重增加;血糖水平;血脂异常
{"title":"Metabolic effects of Olanzapine versus Iloperidone: A 24 weeks randomized, prospective, interventional study","authors":"Shivangna Singh, Shalini Chandra, A. Kapoor, H. K. Singh, R. Kant","doi":"10.4314/ijmu.v11i2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijmu.v11i2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Atypical antipsychotics have become the mainstay of therapy for psychosis. Though extrapyramidal side effects have been reduced with atypical antipsychotics, yet there are increased concerns over metabolic effects. The present study is aimed to comparatively evaluate the metabolic profile of olanzapine and iloperidone in cases of psychosis. A prospective, randomized, open label, observational study of 6 months duration was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology and Department of Psychiatry, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly. A total of 62 patients of both sexes newly diagnosed with psychosis (ICD-10, F20- F29) were included in the study, 31 each in olanzapine and iloperidone groups. Demographic parameters were recorded, following which the patient’s body weight, BMI, fasting blood sugar and lipid profile were estimated at baseline. Follow-up of the patients was done periodically after one month, three months and six months. Olanzapine treated patients showed markedly significant rise in body weight up to 7 kg at the endpoint (p<0.0001) at each follow-up, with a significant increase in BMI. Rise in fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels werealso statistically significant. At the same time, significant decrease in HDL levels was also observed. Iloperidone treated patients showed statistically significant less rise in body weight (upto 1kg, p<0.05) and BMI. No significant changes in fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL levels were noted, while TG levels were significantly reduced. Iloperidone caused numerically less rise in bodyweight and BMI, and fewer metabolic adverse effects as compared to olanzapine, and hence should be preferred. Keywords: Atypical antipsychotics; Weight gain; Blood sugar level; Dyslipidemia","PeriodicalId":14472,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Medical Update - EJOURNAL","volume":"200 1","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90730618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was aimed to determine the pattern of injuries, manner of death, and demographic parameters of gunshot deaths in a Nigerian teaching hospital. This was a prospective descriptive autopsy study of gunshot deaths seen in the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, over a period of twelve months from January to December 2006. All the coroner autopsies for the period involving gunshot deaths were reviewed with emphasis on the sex, age, occupation, circumstances surrounding the event, manner of death, likely motive in cases of homicidal or suicidal gunshot, type of gun used and site(s) of injury. Gunshot deaths formed eleven (1.6%) of the 697 coroner cases performed at UCH in 2006. Ten of the 11 cases were male, and the overall age range was 10-60 years. The manner of death in ten of such cases was homicide, and unascertained in one case. Rifled weapons were used in 64% of the cases and shotguns, illegally acquired, accounted for the remaining 36%. Most were victims of armed robbery attacks. The head, abdomen, chest and lower limbs were sites of injuries in descending order of frequency. Gunshot deaths were the commonest form of homicide in the period under review. Young males and victims of armed robbery attacks are most susceptible. It is important to note the absence of suicidal gunshot deaths in this study. Keywords: Pattern of injuries; Gunshot deaths; Demographic parameters; Nigeria
{"title":"Pattern of gunshot deaths in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Institution","authors":"U. Eze, E. Akang, W. Odesanmi","doi":"10.4314/IJMU.V11I2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJMU.V11I2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was aimed to determine the pattern of injuries, manner of death, and demographic parameters of gunshot deaths in a Nigerian teaching hospital. This was a prospective descriptive autopsy study of gunshot deaths seen in the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, over a period of twelve months from January to December 2006. All the coroner autopsies for the period involving gunshot deaths were reviewed with emphasis on the sex, age, occupation, circumstances surrounding the event, manner of death, likely motive in cases of homicidal or suicidal gunshot, type of gun used and site(s) of injury. Gunshot deaths formed eleven (1.6%) of the 697 coroner cases performed at UCH in 2006. Ten of the 11 cases were male, and the overall age range was 10-60 years. The manner of death in ten of such cases was homicide, and unascertained in one case. Rifled weapons were used in 64% of the cases and shotguns, illegally acquired, accounted for the remaining 36%. Most were victims of armed robbery attacks. The head, abdomen, chest and lower limbs were sites of injuries in descending order of frequency. Gunshot deaths were the commonest form of homicide in the period under review. Young males and victims of armed robbery attacks are most susceptible. It is important to note the absence of suicidal gunshot deaths in this study. Keywords: Pattern of injuries; Gunshot deaths; Demographic parameters; Nigeria","PeriodicalId":14472,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Medical Update - EJOURNAL","volume":"56 1","pages":"25-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90846339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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