Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.2025160
E. Shaurub, Genan M. Abou Gharsa, M. Sabbour
ABSTRACT Temperature and nutrition are two prominent environmental variables influencing insect life from development to reproduction. Here, we assessed various components of fitness (developmental times, survival rates, egg production, and weight gain) of Tribolium confusum fed on wheat, barley or corn flour at 15, 27 and 35°C with a view of understanding its level of susceptibility. The shortest developmental times, the highest survival percentage, egg production, and weight gain were achieved by feeding larvae on wheat flour at 35°C, while the opposite results were attained by feeding larvae on barley or corn flour at 15°C. Interaction of temperature × diet significantly affected the above-mentioned biological features. The correlation between the alterations in the biological features and the main nutrients of the flours tested (total protein, carbohydrate, and lipid contents) is discussed. The results of this study suggest the value of a strategy for managing T. confusum by exposure to low temperatures.
{"title":"Sustainability of development, survivability, and biomass are a function of temperature and diet: implications in Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with benefits for its management strategy","authors":"E. Shaurub, Genan M. Abou Gharsa, M. Sabbour","doi":"10.1080/07924259.2021.2025160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.2025160","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Temperature and nutrition are two prominent environmental variables influencing insect life from development to reproduction. Here, we assessed various components of fitness (developmental times, survival rates, egg production, and weight gain) of Tribolium confusum fed on wheat, barley or corn flour at 15, 27 and 35°C with a view of understanding its level of susceptibility. The shortest developmental times, the highest survival percentage, egg production, and weight gain were achieved by feeding larvae on wheat flour at 35°C, while the opposite results were attained by feeding larvae on barley or corn flour at 15°C. Interaction of temperature × diet significantly affected the above-mentioned biological features. The correlation between the alterations in the biological features and the main nutrients of the flours tested (total protein, carbohydrate, and lipid contents) is discussed. The results of this study suggest the value of a strategy for managing T. confusum by exposure to low temperatures.","PeriodicalId":14482,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Reproduction & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43078070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.2024898
S. Fadlaoui, O. El Asri, M. Melhaoui
ABSTRACT Laboratory and field observations of courtship, copulation, spawning, incubation, and maternal care were made on the endemic North African freshwater crab Potamon algeriense. Mating occurred throughout the year but no discernible courtship behaviour was recorded. However, a forced copulation strategy is practiced by the larger males. The occurrence of ovigerous females extended from June to September with a peak in July (38%). Spawning behaviour took place out of the water and the incubation period lasted 45 ± 2 days. Ovigerous females returned to the stream a few hours before hatching of the eggs. The occurrence of brooding females (females carrying juvenile crabs) extended from July to October, with the highest number in August (36%). Posthatching maternal care was recorded, which lasted between 7 to 10 days before juveniles left their mother’s abdominal cavity for an independent life.
{"title":"Reproductive behaviour of the North African freshwater crab Potamon algeriense (Bott, 1967) (Brachyura: Potamidae)","authors":"S. Fadlaoui, O. El Asri, M. Melhaoui","doi":"10.1080/07924259.2021.2024898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.2024898","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Laboratory and field observations of courtship, copulation, spawning, incubation, and maternal care were made on the endemic North African freshwater crab Potamon algeriense. Mating occurred throughout the year but no discernible courtship behaviour was recorded. However, a forced copulation strategy is practiced by the larger males. The occurrence of ovigerous females extended from June to September with a peak in July (38%). Spawning behaviour took place out of the water and the incubation period lasted 45 ± 2 days. Ovigerous females returned to the stream a few hours before hatching of the eggs. The occurrence of brooding females (females carrying juvenile crabs) extended from July to October, with the highest number in August (36%). Posthatching maternal care was recorded, which lasted between 7 to 10 days before juveniles left their mother’s abdominal cavity for an independent life.","PeriodicalId":14482,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Reproduction & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43128723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.2025159
Gaudioso Pates, Mercedes Maceren-Pates
ABSTRACT Perinereis wilsoni is a nereidid polychaete species with segments that are completely separated from each other by a septum. Recent molecular studies on this species discussed the mechanism of male and female germ cell development and germ cell regeneration. Although several molecular studies have been conducted on this species, its embryonic and larval development have not yet been described. To address this, oocyte development from spawning to the early juvenile stage was monitored. Morphological changes in relation to minutes/hours post-fertilization are described. We found several changes in the oocyte egg envelope before the start of cell division. During embryonic development, the larvae left the jelly layer as a 3-segmented nectochaete possessing a complete adult body plan, typical of the direct larval development in this species. The dorsal pygidial cirri were observed to develop fully during the five-segmented nectochaete stage. This paper provides important information on an aspect of the reproductive biology of this species.
{"title":"Notes on the morphological changes in the oocyte of the polychaete Perinereis wilsoni (Glasby and Hsieh 2006) from spawning to the early larval stage","authors":"Gaudioso Pates, Mercedes Maceren-Pates","doi":"10.1080/07924259.2021.2025159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.2025159","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Perinereis wilsoni is a nereidid polychaete species with segments that are completely separated from each other by a septum. Recent molecular studies on this species discussed the mechanism of male and female germ cell development and germ cell regeneration. Although several molecular studies have been conducted on this species, its embryonic and larval development have not yet been described. To address this, oocyte development from spawning to the early juvenile stage was monitored. Morphological changes in relation to minutes/hours post-fertilization are described. We found several changes in the oocyte egg envelope before the start of cell division. During embryonic development, the larvae left the jelly layer as a 3-segmented nectochaete possessing a complete adult body plan, typical of the direct larval development in this species. The dorsal pygidial cirri were observed to develop fully during the five-segmented nectochaete stage. This paper provides important information on an aspect of the reproductive biology of this species.","PeriodicalId":14482,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Reproduction & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46687722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.2016508
Rahul Maddheshiya, K. Singh
ABSTRACT Chrysomya megacephala is a vector for many pathogens and causes myiasis in vertebrates. In the present investigation, essential oil (EO) of Lantana camara was analysed by GC-MS to determine its chemical composition. Furthermore, this oil was tested against the eggs of C. megacephala to examine its ovicidal effect. Compositional analysis of EO revealed major components in the EO were α- pinene, caryophyllene, Geranyl acetate, and eucalyptol. Results of the contact toxicity are encouraging, as this EO proved fatal against blowfly eggs at 1 and 2 µl doses in a dose-dependent manner. Latent effects were also noticed in the progeny eclosed from treated eggs, leading to larval and pupal toxicity, reduced pupariation, pupal-adult intermediate formation, and suppressed emergence. We also report for the first time about the juvenoid nature of L. camara oil. Our result on the significant negative effects of L. camara EO on C. megacephala embryonic survival suggests that it can be considered in future designs of green pesticides against dipterans.
{"title":"Effect of Lantana camara essential oil on embryogenesis and postembryonic development of the blowfly, Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae) following egg treatment","authors":"Rahul Maddheshiya, K. Singh","doi":"10.1080/07924259.2021.2016508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.2016508","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Chrysomya megacephala is a vector for many pathogens and causes myiasis in vertebrates. In the present investigation, essential oil (EO) of Lantana camara was analysed by GC-MS to determine its chemical composition. Furthermore, this oil was tested against the eggs of C. megacephala to examine its ovicidal effect. Compositional analysis of EO revealed major components in the EO were α- pinene, caryophyllene, Geranyl acetate, and eucalyptol. Results of the contact toxicity are encouraging, as this EO proved fatal against blowfly eggs at 1 and 2 µl doses in a dose-dependent manner. Latent effects were also noticed in the progeny eclosed from treated eggs, leading to larval and pupal toxicity, reduced pupariation, pupal-adult intermediate formation, and suppressed emergence. We also report for the first time about the juvenoid nature of L. camara oil. Our result on the significant negative effects of L. camara EO on C. megacephala embryonic survival suggests that it can be considered in future designs of green pesticides against dipterans.","PeriodicalId":14482,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Reproduction & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47105458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-28DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.1999337
Daisuke Sugiura, Naohisa Kikuya
ABSTRACT This study investigated the seasonal cycle of reproduction and oocyte atresia (i.e. cell death and degeneration), and size at maturity of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in Mutsu Bay, Northern Japan. Monthly changes in condition factor and reproductive stage of gonads indicated that females and males spawned during July–September and June–October in 2014, respectively. The volume fraction of atretic oocytes reached a small peak at 9.3% in August (i.e. cell death of oocytes during their development in the spawning period) and the largest peak in October at 25.0% (i.e. residual oocytes in the recovery period). The atretic oocytes under resorption by macrophage-like cells comprised 2.5–14.3% and 100% of total atretic oocytes in the spawning and recovery/early gametogenesis periods, respectively. The shell length at 50% maturity was estimated to be 21.1 mm in females and 18.5 mm in males.
{"title":"Cycle of reproduction, oocyte atresia, and maturation size of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum on a pebble beach in Mutsu Bay, Northern Japan","authors":"Daisuke Sugiura, Naohisa Kikuya","doi":"10.1080/07924259.2021.1999337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.1999337","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigated the seasonal cycle of reproduction and oocyte atresia (i.e. cell death and degeneration), and size at maturity of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in Mutsu Bay, Northern Japan. Monthly changes in condition factor and reproductive stage of gonads indicated that females and males spawned during July–September and June–October in 2014, respectively. The volume fraction of atretic oocytes reached a small peak at 9.3% in August (i.e. cell death of oocytes during their development in the spawning period) and the largest peak in October at 25.0% (i.e. residual oocytes in the recovery period). The atretic oocytes under resorption by macrophage-like cells comprised 2.5–14.3% and 100% of total atretic oocytes in the spawning and recovery/early gametogenesis periods, respectively. The shell length at 50% maturity was estimated to be 21.1 mm in females and 18.5 mm in males.","PeriodicalId":14482,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Reproduction & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41722223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-26DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.1994475
M. T. Rosa, E. Loreto
ABSTRACT Stenostomum are small flatworms that live in freshwater and normally reproduce by paratomy. They are basal in Platyhelminthes phylogeny. For more than a century, species of this genus, especially S. leucops, have been used in regeneration studies. However, some contradictory results remain, as there are concerns about which body parts regenerate, and their routes of regeneration. Problems in species identification are a possible explanation for these contradictory results. Regeneration studies were repeated, transforming the worms with vectors carrying an eye-specific GFP (green fluorescence protein) marker in a characterized strain. All regeneration patterns described previously were observed in this strain, showing that these complex regeneration routes are probably associated with the different parts of the body that were cut. Stenostomum species are promising experimental organisms for using a transcriptome approach in regeneration studies.
{"title":"Revisiting the regeneration of Stenostomum leucops (Catenulida, Platyhelminthes)","authors":"M. T. Rosa, E. Loreto","doi":"10.1080/07924259.2021.1994475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.1994475","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Stenostomum are small flatworms that live in freshwater and normally reproduce by paratomy. They are basal in Platyhelminthes phylogeny. For more than a century, species of this genus, especially S. leucops, have been used in regeneration studies. However, some contradictory results remain, as there are concerns about which body parts regenerate, and their routes of regeneration. Problems in species identification are a possible explanation for these contradictory results. Regeneration studies were repeated, transforming the worms with vectors carrying an eye-specific GFP (green fluorescence protein) marker in a characterized strain. All regeneration patterns described previously were observed in this strain, showing that these complex regeneration routes are probably associated with the different parts of the body that were cut. Stenostomum species are promising experimental organisms for using a transcriptome approach in regeneration studies.","PeriodicalId":14482,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Reproduction & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43308458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.1994042
Alaa Y. Moustafa, Safa M. El-Masry
ABSTRACT Aplysia oculifera is an endemic sea hare that inhabits the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea. We describe the reproductive system of this species for the first time. It is composed of an ovotestis, small hermaphroditic duct, nidamental glandular complex, large hermaphroditic duct, gametolytic gland, external seminal groove and cephalic penis. The follicles within the ovotestis contain spermatogenic and oogenic cells. A pre-ampulla, ampulla, and post-ampulla constitute the different regions of the small hermaphroditic duct. The nidamental complex consists of albumen, mucus, and membrane glands all confluent with the fertilization chamber. The nidamental glands consist of glandular cells alternating with supporting cells. The glandular cells have different histochemical characters concerning the production of acid and neutral mucopolysaccharides. The large hermaphroditic duct is attached to a seminal receptacle. The duct has two components; red and white hemiducts the secretory epithelia of which are distinguished internally. An atrial gland is present near the visceral genital opening. The gametolytic gland has four types of columnar cells. A seminal groove arises from the genital opening and extends anteriorly to the apex of an ear-like flap penis. The results suggest that some differences in certain reproductive characters may be of phylogenetic importance.
{"title":"The anatomy and histology of the reproductive system of Aplysia oculifera (Mollusca: Heterobranchia: Aplsiida) from the Red Sea coastal waters","authors":"Alaa Y. Moustafa, Safa M. El-Masry","doi":"10.1080/07924259.2021.1994042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.1994042","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Aplysia oculifera is an endemic sea hare that inhabits the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea. We describe the reproductive system of this species for the first time. It is composed of an ovotestis, small hermaphroditic duct, nidamental glandular complex, large hermaphroditic duct, gametolytic gland, external seminal groove and cephalic penis. The follicles within the ovotestis contain spermatogenic and oogenic cells. A pre-ampulla, ampulla, and post-ampulla constitute the different regions of the small hermaphroditic duct. The nidamental complex consists of albumen, mucus, and membrane glands all confluent with the fertilization chamber. The nidamental glands consist of glandular cells alternating with supporting cells. The glandular cells have different histochemical characters concerning the production of acid and neutral mucopolysaccharides. The large hermaphroditic duct is attached to a seminal receptacle. The duct has two components; red and white hemiducts the secretory epithelia of which are distinguished internally. An atrial gland is present near the visceral genital opening. The gametolytic gland has four types of columnar cells. A seminal groove arises from the genital opening and extends anteriorly to the apex of an ear-like flap penis. The results suggest that some differences in certain reproductive characters may be of phylogenetic importance.","PeriodicalId":14482,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Reproduction & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47108070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.1980442
David P. Rios, João A.F. Pantaleão, Gustavo L. Hirose
ABSTRACT This study tested the hypothesis of the existence of male morphotypes in Macrobrachium acanthurus, a species of recognized economic potential, with an extensive geographic distribution. The collections occurred on eight occasions between July 2016 and March 2018 at seven points along the Jequitinhonha River, state of Bahia, Brazil. The identification of male morphotypes occurred through morphological and morphometric analyses. In total, 297 males were collected. The carapace length (CL) ranged from 4.6 to 41.81 mm, with a size at onset of maturity estimated at 11.85 mm. The morphological and morphometric analyses confirmed our hypothesis with the distinction of three morphotypes: M1, M2, and M3. M1 was characterized by males with chelipeds similar to those of females: relatively small, with tiny spines and without pubescence in the dactylus; M2 males had chelipeds larger than those of M1, as well as larger and denser spines, with little pubescence in the dactylus; and M3 individuals had considerably more robust chelipeds, very prominent spines and a thick layer of pubescence when compared to those of the previous morphotype. Our results suggest a social hierarchy where M1 is subordinate, M2 subdominant, and M3 the dominant morphotype. However, behavioural studies are needed to confirm this.
{"title":"Occurrence of male morphotypes in the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium acanthurus Wiegmann, 1836 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae)","authors":"David P. Rios, João A.F. Pantaleão, Gustavo L. Hirose","doi":"10.1080/07924259.2021.1980442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.1980442","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study tested the hypothesis of the existence of male morphotypes in Macrobrachium acanthurus, a species of recognized economic potential, with an extensive geographic distribution. The collections occurred on eight occasions between July 2016 and March 2018 at seven points along the Jequitinhonha River, state of Bahia, Brazil. The identification of male morphotypes occurred through morphological and morphometric analyses. In total, 297 males were collected. The carapace length (CL) ranged from 4.6 to 41.81 mm, with a size at onset of maturity estimated at 11.85 mm. The morphological and morphometric analyses confirmed our hypothesis with the distinction of three morphotypes: M1, M2, and M3. M1 was characterized by males with chelipeds similar to those of females: relatively small, with tiny spines and without pubescence in the dactylus; M2 males had chelipeds larger than those of M1, as well as larger and denser spines, with little pubescence in the dactylus; and M3 individuals had considerably more robust chelipeds, very prominent spines and a thick layer of pubescence when compared to those of the previous morphotype. Our results suggest a social hierarchy where M1 is subordinate, M2 subdominant, and M3 the dominant morphotype. However, behavioural studies are needed to confirm this.","PeriodicalId":14482,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Reproduction & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47528784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.1990142
K. Sugiura, M. Matsumoto
ABSTRACT The first observation of sexual reproductive behaviour of a tardigrade was reported in 1895, and much knowledge on this topic has accumulated since then. Up to the 2000s, these observations were described in detailed reports including text, sketches and photographs. Then, innovative video recordings were made in 2016 of the reproductive behaviours of tardigrades that oviposit their eggs into exuviae, allowing the clear visualization of the phenomenon. Recently, we recorded tardigrade species laying their eggs freely in the environment. Thus, knowledge of tardigrade reproduction has been increasing. We therefore summarize the known sexual reproductive behaviours of tardigrades and present some unresolved questions herein.
{"title":"Sexual reproductive behaviours of tardigrades: a review","authors":"K. Sugiura, M. Matsumoto","doi":"10.1080/07924259.2021.1990142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.1990142","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The first observation of sexual reproductive behaviour of a tardigrade was reported in 1895, and much knowledge on this topic has accumulated since then. Up to the 2000s, these observations were described in detailed reports including text, sketches and photographs. Then, innovative video recordings were made in 2016 of the reproductive behaviours of tardigrades that oviposit their eggs into exuviae, allowing the clear visualization of the phenomenon. Recently, we recorded tardigrade species laying their eggs freely in the environment. Thus, knowledge of tardigrade reproduction has been increasing. We therefore summarize the known sexual reproductive behaviours of tardigrades and present some unresolved questions herein.","PeriodicalId":14482,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Reproduction & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49529646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.1998238
Sebastián Larrea-Meza, Bernardita Campos, Donald I. Brown
ABSTRACT The developmental pattern in the mid-intertidal mussel Perumytilus purpuratus was investigated through laboratory cultures. Larval development, growth, survival rate, and time to reach the post-larval stage were determined using triplicated feeding/non-feeding treatments in artificial seawater at 18.2 ± 0.5°C. Development of the larval digestive system was examined histologically. We found that P. purpuratus have ova (121.1 ± 2.7 μm diameter) with a jelly coating, the digestive system develops in the trochophore, the veliger shell has a large prodissoconch-1 and a small prodissoconch-2, the larval period lasted between 10 and 14 days, and larvae could reach metamorphosis without the presence of particulate food. Unlike most of the mytilid species with pelagic larvae, a facultative planktotrophic development is evident in this species. This developmental pattern could be favourable in unstable and changing environments such as rocky shores.
{"title":"Facultative planktotrophy in larvae of the purple mussel Perumytilus purpuratus","authors":"Sebastián Larrea-Meza, Bernardita Campos, Donald I. Brown","doi":"10.1080/07924259.2021.1998238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.1998238","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The developmental pattern in the mid-intertidal mussel Perumytilus purpuratus was investigated through laboratory cultures. Larval development, growth, survival rate, and time to reach the post-larval stage were determined using triplicated feeding/non-feeding treatments in artificial seawater at 18.2 ± 0.5°C. Development of the larval digestive system was examined histologically. We found that P. purpuratus have ova (121.1 ± 2.7 μm diameter) with a jelly coating, the digestive system develops in the trochophore, the veliger shell has a large prodissoconch-1 and a small prodissoconch-2, the larval period lasted between 10 and 14 days, and larvae could reach metamorphosis without the presence of particulate food. Unlike most of the mytilid species with pelagic larvae, a facultative planktotrophic development is evident in this species. This developmental pattern could be favourable in unstable and changing environments such as rocky shores.","PeriodicalId":14482,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Reproduction & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42162570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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