Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.83
R. Ebrahim
Background: Ionizing-radiation induces oxidative stress and thyroid toxicity. Thyroid function disorders have a great impact on fertility in both sexes. Materials and Methods: Forty female rats were divided into four groups. Control, Spirulina-treated (300 mg/kg); given orally for 15 days, γ-irradiated; given (5 Gy whole body γ-rays) and Spirulina+irradiated; given Spirulina for 15 days before irradiation. Animals were sacrificed the 3 day post-irradiation. The level of the oxidant/antioxidant markers: Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was evaluated. In addition, caspase-3 activity was measured as apoptotic marker and comet assay to detect DNA-damage. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were determined to evaluate the thyroid function alterations. Also, analysis of reproductive hormones; follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) was detected. Results: Whole body γ-irradiation-induced oxidative stress, denoted by significant decreases of antioxidant markers and an increase in MDA content. The activity of caspase-3 was significantly increased and comet assay revealed DNA damage. Also, serum level of TSH was significantly increased, while T3, and T4, significantly decreased in irradiated rats. Moreover, the reproductive hormones showed significant decreases. Spirulina treatment has significantly attenuated oxidative stress in thyroid tissues, decreased caspase-3 activity and ameliorated DNA damage, concomitant with significant amelioration in the levels of thyroid and reproductive hormones. Conclusion: Spirulina may alleviate γ-rays-induced thyroid damage and play a significant role in the regulation of thyroid and reproductive hormones in female rats.
{"title":"Prophylactic effect of Spirulina platensis on radiation-induced thyroid disorders and alteration of reproductive hormones in female albino rats","authors":"R. Ebrahim","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.83","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ionizing-radiation induces oxidative stress and thyroid toxicity. Thyroid function disorders have a great impact on fertility in both sexes. Materials and Methods: Forty female rats were divided into four groups. Control, Spirulina-treated (300 mg/kg); given orally for 15 days, γ-irradiated; given (5 Gy whole body γ-rays) and Spirulina+irradiated; given Spirulina for 15 days before irradiation. Animals were sacrificed the 3 day post-irradiation. The level of the oxidant/antioxidant markers: Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was evaluated. In addition, caspase-3 activity was measured as apoptotic marker and comet assay to detect DNA-damage. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were determined to evaluate the thyroid function alterations. Also, analysis of reproductive hormones; follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) was detected. Results: Whole body γ-irradiation-induced oxidative stress, denoted by significant decreases of antioxidant markers and an increase in MDA content. The activity of caspase-3 was significantly increased and comet assay revealed DNA damage. Also, serum level of TSH was significantly increased, while T3, and T4, significantly decreased in irradiated rats. Moreover, the reproductive hormones showed significant decreases. Spirulina treatment has significantly attenuated oxidative stress in thyroid tissues, decreased caspase-3 activity and ameliorated DNA damage, concomitant with significant amelioration in the levels of thyroid and reproductive hormones. Conclusion: Spirulina may alleviate γ-rays-induced thyroid damage and play a significant role in the regulation of thyroid and reproductive hormones in female rats.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47448729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.167
S. Hassn, N. Deiab, A. Aly
{"title":"Dosimetric study of photon beam characteristics with 2d array and water phantom measurement","authors":"S. Hassn, N. Deiab, A. Aly","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42642896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.13
L. Zhi, S. Zhang, J. Xin, J. Ma, R. Zhu
Background: A non-rigid cervical magnetic resonance (MR) image registration algorithm combining pixel intensity and local region gradient features was proposed in this study for cervical cancer radiation therapy (RT) evaluation. Materials and Methods: The method was based on the following main steps: (1) each patient was scanned 2 times. The first scan was before internal-beam RT, and second scan was about 3~4 weeks after internal-beam RT. (2) DoG salient points mixed with stochastically sampled points were used as keypoints, and pixel intensity and PCA-SIFT features around them were extracted to build a feature vector for each keypoint. (3) In non-rigid registration process, α-mutual information (α-MI) was used as similarity measure. The method was evaluated by 20 MR images acquired from 10 patients with biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinomas. Results: For cervical cancer, the deformation of tumor and organ between different MR image acquisitions was subject to several errors, including possible mechanical misalignment, respiratory and cardiac motion, involuntary and voluntary patient motion, bladder and bowel filling differences. To minimize these ambiguities, patients filled their bladder before scanning. The proposed hybrid features can effectively catch the bladder and bowel in MR images, and α-mutual information (α-MI) based non-rigid registration can effectively align two long time internal MR images. Conclusion: Non-rigid cervical MR image registration method using hybrid features on α-MI can effectively capture different tissues in cervical MR images. Accurately aligned MR images can assist cervical cancer RT evaluation process.
{"title":"Non-rigid magnetic resonance image registration for cervical cancer radiation therapy evaluation using hybrid features","authors":"L. Zhi, S. Zhang, J. Xin, J. Ma, R. Zhu","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A non-rigid cervical magnetic resonance (MR) image registration algorithm combining pixel intensity and local region gradient features was proposed in this study for cervical cancer radiation therapy (RT) evaluation. Materials and Methods: The method was based on the following main steps: (1) each patient was scanned 2 times. The first scan was before internal-beam RT, and second scan was about 3~4 weeks after internal-beam RT. (2) DoG salient points mixed with stochastically sampled points were used as keypoints, and pixel intensity and PCA-SIFT features around them were extracted to build a feature vector for each keypoint. (3) In non-rigid registration process, α-mutual information (α-MI) was used as similarity measure. The method was evaluated by 20 MR images acquired from 10 patients with biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinomas. Results: For cervical cancer, the deformation of tumor and organ between different MR image acquisitions was subject to several errors, including possible mechanical misalignment, respiratory and cardiac motion, involuntary and voluntary patient motion, bladder and bowel filling differences. To minimize these ambiguities, patients filled their bladder before scanning. The proposed hybrid features can effectively catch the bladder and bowel in MR images, and α-mutual information (α-MI) based non-rigid registration can effectively align two long time internal MR images. Conclusion: Non-rigid cervical MR image registration method using hybrid features on α-MI can effectively capture different tissues in cervical MR images. Accurately aligned MR images can assist cervical cancer RT evaluation process.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48404238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.23
Yong Zhang, B. Jiang, Jiajun Zhao, J. P. Zhou, Zhicheng Zuo, Z. Qian, Pei-Ji Wang
Background: Physical agents, such as ultrasound, can promote functional restoration and regenerative processes of the peripheral nervous system. However, little is known about the effects of X-ray radiation on nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of various doses of X-ray radiation on nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury in rats. Materials and Methods: The sciatic nerves of Sprague-Dawley rats were transected and repaired via epineurium end-to-end neurorrhaphy. Eighty rats each received single and local X-ray doses of 0 Gy, 0.2 Gy, 1 Gy, 7 Gy and 14 Gy. Functional and morphological assessments of the process of nerve regeneration were performed by using various measurement tools. Results: Compared with the 0 Gy, 0.2 Gy and 14 Gy groups, the 1 Gy and 7 Gy radiation groups experienced significantly increased sciatic functional index, motor nerve conductive velocity (MNCV), expression of S-100, mean diameter of axons, and thickness of myelin sheaths and decreased perineural scar tissue. There were no differences between the 1 Gy group and the 7 Gy group or between the 0 Gy group, the 0.2 Gy group and the 14 Gy group with the exception of MNCV and the expression level of S-100. Conclusion: X-ray radiation in doses of 1 Gy and 7 Gy promoted nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury in a rat model. The dose of 14 Gy exerted inhibitory effects, and 0.2 Gy exerted no significant effect on nerve regeneration.
{"title":"Effects of different doses of X-ray radiation on nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury in a rat model","authors":"Yong Zhang, B. Jiang, Jiajun Zhao, J. P. Zhou, Zhicheng Zuo, Z. Qian, Pei-Ji Wang","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physical agents, such as ultrasound, can promote functional restoration and regenerative processes of the peripheral nervous system. However, little is known about the effects of X-ray radiation on nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of various doses of X-ray radiation on nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury in rats. Materials and Methods: The sciatic nerves of Sprague-Dawley rats were transected and repaired via epineurium end-to-end neurorrhaphy. Eighty rats each received single and local X-ray doses of 0 Gy, 0.2 Gy, 1 Gy, 7 Gy and 14 Gy. Functional and morphological assessments of the process of nerve regeneration were performed by using various measurement tools. Results: Compared with the 0 Gy, 0.2 Gy and 14 Gy groups, the 1 Gy and 7 Gy radiation groups experienced significantly increased sciatic functional index, motor nerve conductive velocity (MNCV), expression of S-100, mean diameter of axons, and thickness of myelin sheaths and decreased perineural scar tissue. There were no differences between the 1 Gy group and the 7 Gy group or between the 0 Gy group, the 0.2 Gy group and the 14 Gy group with the exception of MNCV and the expression level of S-100. Conclusion: X-ray radiation in doses of 1 Gy and 7 Gy promoted nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury in a rat model. The dose of 14 Gy exerted inhibitory effects, and 0.2 Gy exerted no significant effect on nerve regeneration.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47100318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.109
B. Sarper, M. K. Ozbilgin, E. Gumustepe, S. Gencur, G. Z. Karaman, P. Kilicaslan, C. Kurtman
Background: Pentraxins (PTX) play key roles in innate immunity and inflammatory responses. An increase in PTX3 levels may be a marker of early radiation injury in the lung. Thus, we aimed to determine the effect of radiation on PTX3 expression in a lung injury mouse model. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four 6–8-week-old mice were divided into 4 groups, one control (group 1) and three experimental groups (groups 2–4) irradiated with 6 MV photons and 5 Gy in a single fraction. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were sedated and euthanized 24, 72, and 168 h after radiation, respectively. The right lung middle lobe was then removed for histochemical examination and immunostaining for PTX3 expression, which was evaluated semiquantitatively using H-SCORE analysis. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Kruskal Wallis one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis. Results: Immunohistochemistry of lung tissue samples showed different PTX3 expression levels across the four groups. Group 1 showed weak staining (232.50 ± 9.501), while group 2 (301.50 ± 7.472) and group 3 (283.50 ± 7.090) showed strong immunoreactivity. Group 4 showed moderate PTX3 immunoreactivity (271.50 ± 10.013). Moreover, H-score values between control and early radiation groups were statistically significant (group 1 vs. group 2, p < 0.001; group 1 vs. group 3, p = 0.002). Conclusion: PTX3 levels may be an early marker for long-term radiation effects. Our study provides insights into the pathological processes of pulmonary inflammation and acute radiation injury, and may provide novel therapeutic strategies for controlling pulmonary inflammation without eliciting radiation injury.
{"title":"PTX3 levels in murine pulmonary parenchymal tissues are correlated with radiation-induced injuries","authors":"B. Sarper, M. K. Ozbilgin, E. Gumustepe, S. Gencur, G. Z. Karaman, P. Kilicaslan, C. Kurtman","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.109","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pentraxins (PTX) play key roles in innate immunity and inflammatory responses. An increase in PTX3 levels may be a marker of early radiation injury in the lung. Thus, we aimed to determine the effect of radiation on PTX3 expression in a lung injury mouse model. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four 6–8-week-old mice were divided into 4 groups, one control (group 1) and three experimental groups (groups 2–4) irradiated with 6 MV photons and 5 Gy in a single fraction. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were sedated and euthanized 24, 72, and 168 h after radiation, respectively. The right lung middle lobe was then removed for histochemical examination and immunostaining for PTX3 expression, which was evaluated semiquantitatively using H-SCORE analysis. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Kruskal Wallis one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis. Results: Immunohistochemistry of lung tissue samples showed different PTX3 expression levels across the four groups. Group 1 showed weak staining (232.50 ± 9.501), while group 2 (301.50 ± 7.472) and group 3 (283.50 ± 7.090) showed strong immunoreactivity. Group 4 showed moderate PTX3 immunoreactivity (271.50 ± 10.013). Moreover, H-score values between control and early radiation groups were statistically significant (group 1 vs. group 2, p < 0.001; group 1 vs. group 3, p = 0.002). Conclusion: PTX3 levels may be an early marker for long-term radiation effects. Our study provides insights into the pathological processes of pulmonary inflammation and acute radiation injury, and may provide novel therapeutic strategies for controlling pulmonary inflammation without eliciting radiation injury.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42331923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.143
M. Haghani, K. Haddad, S. Mortazavi, R. Faghihi, A. Pirouzmand, M. Faraz
Background: Indoor levels of Rn in some residential areas in Ramsar are as high as 31,000 Bq/m3, resulting in mean internal exposures up to 71 mSv/y. The main goal of this study was to develop a simple mathematical model for predicting radon concentrationfrom gamma radiation level in dwellings located in high background radiation areas (HBRAs) and a nearby normal background radiation area (NBRA) of Ramsar. Materials and Methods: The levels of gamma background radiation and indoor radon were measured in 350 dwellings located in normal and high background radiation areas (210 dwellings from HBRAs and 140 dwellings from NBRAs). Moreover, data about the most important environmental factors such as temperature and humidity as well as the inhabitants’ nutrition were collected. Results: The mathematical relationship between the gamma radiation level and indoor radon concentration in NBRAs and HBRAs is introduced in this study. The findings obtained in this study clearly indicate that in normal and high background radiation areas of Ramsar the majority of confounding factors such as the type of building materials and ventilation in different houses are almost identical. Therefore, the level of gamma radiation can be used as a strong predictive tool for radon concentration. Conclusion: As radon concentration in indoor air strongly varies with time, the simple mathematical methods developed in this study, can help health physicists and environmental scientists have an estimate of the mean radon level in these areas.
{"title":"Efficacy of mathematical models in predicting the concentration of indoor radon in areas with high levels of natural background radiation","authors":"M. Haghani, K. Haddad, S. Mortazavi, R. Faghihi, A. Pirouzmand, M. Faraz","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.143","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Indoor levels of Rn in some residential areas in Ramsar are as high as 31,000 Bq/m3, resulting in mean internal exposures up to 71 mSv/y. The main goal of this study was to develop a simple mathematical model for predicting radon concentrationfrom gamma radiation level in dwellings located in high background radiation areas (HBRAs) and a nearby normal background radiation area (NBRA) of Ramsar. Materials and Methods: The levels of gamma background radiation and indoor radon were measured in 350 dwellings located in normal and high background radiation areas (210 dwellings from HBRAs and 140 dwellings from NBRAs). Moreover, data about the most important environmental factors such as temperature and humidity as well as the inhabitants’ nutrition were collected. Results: The mathematical relationship between the gamma radiation level and indoor radon concentration in NBRAs and HBRAs is introduced in this study. The findings obtained in this study clearly indicate that in normal and high background radiation areas of Ramsar the majority of confounding factors such as the type of building materials and ventilation in different houses are almost identical. Therefore, the level of gamma radiation can be used as a strong predictive tool for radon concentration. Conclusion: As radon concentration in indoor air strongly varies with time, the simple mathematical methods developed in this study, can help health physicists and environmental scientists have an estimate of the mean radon level in these areas.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42717749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.65
Yejun Zhang, Hong-yan Li, C. Qu, N. Zhang, Jia Liu, Yuying Cui, W. Zou
Background: X-ray chest fluoroscopy is a compulsory component of the health examination procedure in China. The radiation dose from chest fluoroscopy is the largest in X-ray examination. More than half of the women in their twenties with breast cancer have been given X-ray fluoroscopy. Studies have shown that Caveolin-1 is involved in the repair of damage DNA in tumor cells induced by irradiation. However the mechanism and role of Caveolin-1 in normal human mammary epithelial cells are not clear. Materials and Methods: Here, normal human mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) and the cells with Caveolin-1 knockdown (MCF10A) were exposed to X-ray radiation to investigate the role of Caveolin-1 in the enhancement of radiosensitivity in these cells and the associated mechanism. Results: Decreased survival rate and a significantly higher level of cell arrest at the G1 and G2 phases, as well as reduced activation of the DNA damage repair proteins ATM and p53, and the stress protein p38MAPK were manifested by MCF10A cells compared to MCF10A cells, following exposure to X-ray radiation. Furthermore, binding between Caveolin-1 and Mdm2 in MCF10A cells was also lower than in MCF10A cells. Conclusion: Overall, the finding indicated that Caveolin-1 played an important role in decreasing the radiosensitivity of human mammary epithelial cells.
{"title":"Caveolin-1 was involved in the reduced adiosensitivity to X-ray in human mammary epithelial MCF10A cells","authors":"Yejun Zhang, Hong-yan Li, C. Qu, N. Zhang, Jia Liu, Yuying Cui, W. Zou","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.65","url":null,"abstract":"Background: X-ray chest fluoroscopy is a compulsory component of the health examination procedure in China. The radiation dose from chest fluoroscopy is the largest in X-ray examination. More than half of the women in their twenties with breast cancer have been given X-ray fluoroscopy. Studies have shown that Caveolin-1 is involved in the repair of damage DNA in tumor cells induced by irradiation. However the mechanism and role of Caveolin-1 in normal human mammary epithelial cells are not clear. Materials and Methods: Here, normal human mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) and the cells with Caveolin-1 knockdown (MCF10A) were exposed to X-ray radiation to investigate the role of Caveolin-1 in the enhancement of radiosensitivity in these cells and the associated mechanism. Results: Decreased survival rate and a significantly higher level of cell arrest at the G1 and G2 phases, as well as reduced activation of the DNA damage repair proteins ATM and p53, and the stress protein p38MAPK were manifested by MCF10A cells compared to MCF10A cells, following exposure to X-ray radiation. Furthermore, binding between Caveolin-1 and Mdm2 in MCF10A cells was also lower than in MCF10A cells. Conclusion: Overall, the finding indicated that Caveolin-1 played an important role in decreasing the radiosensitivity of human mammary epithelial cells.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48804582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.173
K. R. Rajesh, R. Raman, M. Musthafa, C. V. Midhun, N. Joseph
Background: Photoneutrons are produced during the radiotherapy treatment, when high energy X rays interacts with structures of the head of the linear accelerator (linac). The present day TPS are not taking into account the photo-neutron dose and the biological effects associated with it. The late induction of cancer and recurrence of the disease in old cancer patients are being frequently reported. Materials and Methods: Patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment with 15 MV X rays from a Siemens Primus Plus linear accelerator was considered for the study. In the present work, photoneutron spectrum from the linac head is measured using CR 39 SSNTD and the corresponding dose is calculated using Geant4. The composite photoneutron spectrum from the linac head and the corresponding dose was calculated using the kerma evaluation method in a human equivalent tissue phantom. The repeated calculation outcomes and the covariance error analysis in the nuclear data give consistency and an accuracy of 2 % in the results. Results: The result shows that significant amount of photoneutron dose was deposited during radiotherapy treatment when high energy X rays are used. The photoneutron production from the patient itself is yet another major issue which will cause out off field dose. Conclusion: This work gives importance in considering the photoneutron dose during radiotherapy planning and protection. This extra dose might be a factor that contributes to the induction of cancer and also to the recurrence of cancer to previously cured patients.
{"title":"A passive method for absolute dose evaluation of photoneutrons in radiotherapy","authors":"K. R. Rajesh, R. Raman, M. Musthafa, C. V. Midhun, N. Joseph","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.173","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Photoneutrons are produced during the radiotherapy treatment, when high energy X rays interacts with structures of the head of the linear accelerator (linac). The present day TPS are not taking into account the photo-neutron dose and the biological effects associated with it. The late induction of cancer and recurrence of the disease in old cancer patients are being frequently reported. Materials and Methods: Patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment with 15 MV X rays from a Siemens Primus Plus linear accelerator was considered for the study. In the present work, photoneutron spectrum from the linac head is measured using CR 39 SSNTD and the corresponding dose is calculated using Geant4. The composite photoneutron spectrum from the linac head and the corresponding dose was calculated using the kerma evaluation method in a human equivalent tissue phantom. The repeated calculation outcomes and the covariance error analysis in the nuclear data give consistency and an accuracy of 2 % in the results. Results: The result shows that significant amount of photoneutron dose was deposited during radiotherapy treatment when high energy X rays are used. The photoneutron production from the patient itself is yet another major issue which will cause out off field dose. Conclusion: This work gives importance in considering the photoneutron dose during radiotherapy planning and protection. This extra dose might be a factor that contributes to the induction of cancer and also to the recurrence of cancer to previously cured patients.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48189267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.133
R. Moradpour, M. Shokri, S. Abedian, F. Amir
{"title":"The protective effect of melatonin on liver damage induced by mobile phone radiation in mice model","authors":"R. Moradpour, M. Shokri, S. Abedian, F. Amir","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44865325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.75
N. Rezakhani, B. Goliaei, K. Parivar, A. Nikoofar
Background: Breast cancer is considered as one of the most influential diseases around the world. Radiation is one of many ways that is being use to against cancer. However, patients treated with radiation may face cancer recurrence. Some plant compounds exhibit antioxidant effects. Sinensetin is a methylated flavone present in citrus and Orthosiphon stamineus. In this study, we examined the role of sinensetin in increasing the radiation sensitivity. Method: The cytotoxic effect of sinensetin was evaluated in MDAMB-231 by MTT assay. Additionally, the clonogenic ability of cells was evaluated in the presence of sinensetin. Real-Time PCR was performed to detect and quantify expression profiles of apoptosis related genes. Result: Sinensetin decreased the viability of MDA-MB-231 in a concentration and time dependent manner. The survival fraction was decreased in cells treated with sinensetin prior to X-irradiation compared to cells treated with X-ray only. Furthermore, treatment of cells with sinensetin and X-ray could increase expression level of p53, Bcl-2 and STAT3. Conclusion: According to the results, sinensetin combined with X-ray can induce apoptosis in the treated cells.
{"title":"Effects of X-irradiation and sinensetin on apoptosis induction in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells","authors":"N. Rezakhani, B. Goliaei, K. Parivar, A. Nikoofar","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.75","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is considered as one of the most influential diseases around the world. Radiation is one of many ways that is being use to against cancer. However, patients treated with radiation may face cancer recurrence. Some plant compounds exhibit antioxidant effects. Sinensetin is a methylated flavone present in citrus and Orthosiphon stamineus. In this study, we examined the role of sinensetin in increasing the radiation sensitivity. Method: The cytotoxic effect of sinensetin was evaluated in MDAMB-231 by MTT assay. Additionally, the clonogenic ability of cells was evaluated in the presence of sinensetin. Real-Time PCR was performed to detect and quantify expression profiles of apoptosis related genes. Result: Sinensetin decreased the viability of MDA-MB-231 in a concentration and time dependent manner. The survival fraction was decreased in cells treated with sinensetin prior to X-irradiation compared to cells treated with X-ray only. Furthermore, treatment of cells with sinensetin and X-ray could increase expression level of p53, Bcl-2 and STAT3. Conclusion: According to the results, sinensetin combined with X-ray can induce apoptosis in the treated cells.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47537586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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