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Epstein-Barr Virus Promotes Tumorigenicity and Worsens Hodgkin Lymphoma Prognosis by Activating JAK/STAT and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Epstein-Barr 病毒通过激活 JAK/STAT 和 NF-κB 信号通路促进肿瘤致病性并恶化霍奇金淋巴瘤预后
IF 2.4 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.97287.2896
Mohamed Ali Alabiad, Warda M M Said, Rema H Faraj Saad, Rawda Balata, Asmaa A Mahmoud, Elsayed Anany Metwally, Amany Mohamed Shalaby, Walaa Samy, Ahmed M Yehia, Amar Ibrahim Omar Yahia, Mohammed Alorini, Doaa I Abdelrahman

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is detected in 40% of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). During latency, EBV induces epigenetic alterations to the host genome and decreases the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins. The present study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of mRNA molecules and the end product of proteins for the JAK/STAT and NF-κB pathways, and their association with clinicopathological and prognostic parameters in patients with EBV-positive and -negative classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL).

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from 2017 to 2022 at the Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospital (Zagazig, Egypt). Biopsy samples of 64 patients with CHL were divided into EBV-positive and EBV-negative groups. The expression levels of mRNA molecules (JAK2, STAT1, IRF-1, PD-L1, IFN-γ, NF-κB, Bcl-xL, COX-2) and the end product of proteins (PD-L1, Bcl-xL, COX-2) were determined and compared with clinicopathological and prognostic parameters. Data were analyzed using the Chi square test and Kaplan-Meier estimate.

Results: EBV-positive CHL patients were significantly associated with positive expression of mRNAs molecules (P<0.001) and the end product of proteins (P<0.001) for the JAK/STAT and NF-κB pathways, B-symptoms (P=0.022), extra-nodal involvement (P=0.017), and advanced stage of CHL (P=0.018). These patients were more susceptible to cancer progression, higher incidence of relapse (P=0.008), poor disease-free survival rate (P=0.013), poor overall survival rate (P=0.028), and higher mortality rate (P=0.015).

Conclusion: Through the activation of JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways, EBV-positive CHL is associated with poor clinicopathological parameters, higher incidence of disease progression, relapse, and poor overall survival. A preprint of this manuscript is available on research square (doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1857436/v1).

背景:40%的霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)患者体内可检测到爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒(EBV)。在潜伏期,EBV会诱导宿主基因组发生表观遗传学改变,并降低促凋亡蛋白的表达。本研究旨在评估EBV阳性和阴性经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤(CHL)患者中JAK/STAT和NF-κB通路的mRNA分子和蛋白终产物的表达水平及其与临床病理和预后参数的关系:一项前瞻性队列研究于2017年至2022年在埃及扎加齐格大学医院医学院(埃及扎加齐格)进行。64 名 CHL 患者的活检样本被分为 EBV 阳性组和 EBV 阴性组。研究人员测定了 mRNA 分子(JAK2、STAT1、IRF-1、PD-L1、IFN-γ、NF-κB、Bcl-xL、COX-2)和蛋白质终产物(PD-L1、Bcl-xL、COX-2)的表达水平,并将其与临床病理和预后参数进行了比较。数据采用Chi square检验和Kaplan-Meier估计法进行分析:结果:EBV 阳性的 CHL 患者与 mRNAs 分子(PC)的阳性表达明显相关:通过激活JAK/STAT和NF-κB信号通路,EBV阳性CHL与不良的临床病理参数、较高的疾病进展发生率、复发率和较差的总生存率相关。本稿件的预印本可在研究广场(doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1857436/v1)上查阅。
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引用次数: 0
Manipulation of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Maintenance, Differentiation, and Endocrine Activity of Insulin-Producing Cells: A Systematic Review. 在胰岛素分泌细胞的维持、分化和内分泌活性中操纵音猬信号通路:系统综述
IF 2.4 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.95425.2678
Dian Dayer, Vahid Bayati, Mina Ebrahimi

Background: Some studies have evaluated the manipulation of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway to generate more efficient insulin-producing cells (IPCs). In a systematic review, we evaluated in vitro and in vivo studies on the effect of inhibition or activation of the Shh pathway on the production, differentiation, maintenance, and endocrine activity of IPCs.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted using all available experimental studies published between January 2000 and November 2022. The review aimed at determining the effect of Shh manipulation on the differentiation of stem cells (SCs) into IPCs. Keywords and phrases using medical subject headings were extracted, and a complete search was performed in Web of Science, Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. The inclusion criteria were manipulation of Shh in SCs, SCs differentiation into IPCs, and endocrine activity of mature IPCs. Articles with incomplete data and duplications were excluded.

Results: A total of 208 articles were initially identified, out of which 11 articles were included in the study. The effect of Shh inhibition in the definitive endoderm stage to produce functional IPCs were confirmed. Some studies showed the importance of Shh re-activation at late-stage differentiation for the generation of efficient IPCs. It is proposed that baseline concentrations of Shh in mature pancreatic β-cells affect insulin secretion and endocrine activities of the cells. However, Shh overexpression in pancreatic β-cells ultimately leads to improper endocrine function and inadequate glucose-sensing insulin secretion.

Conclusion: Accurate manipulation of the Shh signaling pathway can be an effective approach in the production and maintenance of functional IPCs.

背景:一些研究评估了操纵声刺猬(Shh)信号通路以产生更有效的胰岛素分泌细胞(IPCs)的方法。在一项系统性综述中,我们评估了有关抑制或激活 Shh 通路对 IPCs 的产生、分化、维持和内分泌活性的影响的体外和体内研究:方法:利用 2000 年 1 月至 2022 年 11 月间发表的所有可用实验研究进行了系统回顾。该综述旨在确定 Shh 操作对干细胞(SCs)分化为 IPCs 的影响。研究人员使用医学主题词提取了关键词和短语,并在 Web of Science、Embase、ProQuest、PubMed、Scopus 和 Cochrane Library 数据库中进行了全面检索。纳入标准为操纵 SCs 中的 Shh、SCs 分化为 IPCs 以及成熟 IPCs 的内分泌活性。数据不完整和重复的文章被排除在外:结果:共初步筛选出 208 篇文章,其中 11 篇被纳入研究。研究证实,在终末内胚层阶段抑制 Shh 可产生功能性 IPCs。一些研究表明,Shh 在分化晚期重新激活对产生有效的 IPCs 非常重要。有研究认为,成熟胰腺β细胞中的Shh基线浓度会影响细胞的胰岛素分泌和内分泌活动。然而,Shh在胰腺β细胞中过度表达最终会导致内分泌功能失调和葡萄糖感应胰岛素分泌不足:结论:准确操纵 Shh 信号通路是生产和维持功能性 IPC 的有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical Outcome and Recurrence of Open versus Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication in the Republic of Kazakhstan during 2010-2021. 2010-2021 年间哈萨克斯坦共和国开放式与腹腔镜尼森氏胃底折叠术的临床效果和复发率。
IF 2.4 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.96685.2839
Bolatbek Baimakhanov, Shakir Zhurayev, Adil Shokebaev, Nurbol Orynbassar, Nurmakhan Imammyrzayev, Khozybek Kazakhstan, Kuanysh Kanatov, Yevgene Yenin, Gulziya Ismailova

Background: Surgical treatment of recurrent gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) negatively affects patients' quality of life (QoL). Determination of risk factors is essential when considering a surgical approach. The present study aimed to evaluate short-term and long-term outcomes of primary laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) and open Nissen fundoplication (ONF), as well as the risks of laparoscopic redo fundoplication.

Methods: A retrospective cohort observational study was conducted from 2010 to 2021 at the National Research Center of Surgery (Almaty, Kazakhstan). Depending on the type of primary GERD surgical correction, 475 patients were stratified into two groups, namely LNF (n=117) and ONF (n=358). The outcomes and associated complications of LNF and ONF surgeries were assessed. The odds ratio of recurrent GERD in terms of risk factors was analyzed as well as post-intervention QoL.

Results: Postoperative complications in ONF surgery were 2.7-fold higher than in LNF (P=0.0001). Moreover, intra-operative complications were higher with ONF surgery (7.7%) than with LNF (1.4%) (P=0.002). In cases with persistent clinical manifestations, the rate of redo fundoplication was the same after failed primary LNF and ONF. The risk factors associated with recurrent GERD, leading to redo fundoplication, were obesity (OR=2.16, P=0.473) and male sex (OR=3.0, P=0.272). One-year after LNF, 88.7% of the patients were satisfied with the outcome of the surgery.

Conclusion: Recurrent symptoms of GERD and the rate of redo fundoplication were associated with obesity and the male sex. Obesity was the main risk factor, necessitating stringent selection of patients for surgical management of the disease.

背景:复发性胃食管反流病(GERD)的手术治疗会对患者的生活质量(QoL)产生负面影响。在考虑手术治疗时,确定风险因素至关重要。本研究旨在评估腹腔镜下初次尼森胃底折叠术(LNF)和开腹尼森胃底折叠术(ONF)的短期和长期疗效,以及腹腔镜下再次胃底折叠术的风险:2010年至2021年,国家外科研究中心(哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图)开展了一项回顾性队列观察研究。根据原发性胃食管反流手术矫正的类型,475名患者被分为两组,即LNF组(117人)和ONF组(358人)。对LNF和ONF手术的结果和相关并发症进行了评估。分析了危险因素导致胃食管反流病复发的几率以及干预后的生活质量:结果:ONF手术的术后并发症是LNF的2.7倍(P=0.0001)。此外,ONF手术的术中并发症(7.7%)高于LNF(1.4%)(P=0.002)。在临床表现持续存在的病例中,初次 LNF 和 ONF 手术失败后重新进行胃底折叠术的比例相同。肥胖(OR=2.16,P=0.473)和男性(OR=3.0,P=0.272)是导致再次胃底折叠术的复发性胃食管反流病的相关风险因素。胃底折叠术后一年,88.7%的患者对手术效果表示满意:结论:胃食管反流病的复发症状和再次胃底折叠术的比例与肥胖和男性有关。肥胖是主要的风险因素,因此必须严格选择患者进行手术治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Aromatase Inhibitor Letrozole on the Placenta of Adult Albino Rats: A Histopathological, Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Study. 芳香化酶抑制剂来曲唑对成年白化大鼠胎盘的影响:组织病理学、免疫组织化学和生物化学研究。
IF 2.4 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.96905.2853
Mohamed Ali Alabiad, Ibtesam Elhasadi, Sulaiman Mohammed Alnasser, Mohammed Alorini, Ahmed Baker A Alshaikh, Fatima A Jaber, Amany Mohamed Shalaby, Walaa Samy, Ahmed Ismail Heraiz, Khalid Mohammed Mohammed Albakoush, Dina Ahmed Khairy

Background: Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, has recently been introduced as the preferred treatment option for ectopic pregnancy. To date, no study has investigated the effect of letrozole alone on placental tissue. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of letrozole on the placenta of rats and to clarify the underlying mechanism.

Methods: Sixty pregnant female rats were equally divided into three groups, namely the control group (GI), low-dose (0.5 mg/Kg/day) letrozole group (GII), which is equivalent to the human daily dose (HED) of 5 mg, and high-dose (1 mg/Kg/day) letrozole group (GIII), equivalent to the HED of 10 mg. Letrozole was administered by oral gavage daily from day 6 to 16 of gestation. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc test and Chi square test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Compared to the GI and GII groups, high-dose letrozole significantly increased embryonic mortality with a high post-implantation loss rate (P<0.001) and significantly reduced the number of viable fetuses (P<0.001) and placental weight (P<0.001) of pregnant rats. Moreover, it significantly reduced placental estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) (P<0.001) and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (P<0.001), while increasing the apoptotic index of cleaved caspase-3 (P<0.001).

Conclusion: Letrozole inhibited the expression of ER and PR in rat placenta. It interrupted stimulatory vascular signals causing significant apoptosis and placental vascular dysfunction. Letrozole in an equivalent human daily dose of 10 mg caused a high post-implantation loss rate without imposing severe side effects.

背景:来曲唑是一种芳香化酶抑制剂,最近已成为治疗异位妊娠的首选药物。迄今为止,还没有研究单独使用来曲唑对胎盘组织的影响。本研究旨在评估不同剂量的来曲唑对大鼠胎盘的影响,并阐明其潜在机制:将60只妊娠雌性大鼠平均分为三组,即对照组(GI)、低剂量(0.5 mg/Kg/天)来曲唑组(GII)(相当于人类日剂量(HED)5 mg)和高剂量(1 mg/Kg/天)来曲唑组(GIII)(相当于HED 10 mg)。来曲唑在妊娠期第6至16天每天口服给药。数据采用单因素方差分析,然后进行Tukey's事后检验和Chi square检验。结果与GI组和GII组相比,高剂量来曲唑显著增加了胚胎死亡率,且胚胎植入后丢失率较高:来曲唑抑制了大鼠胎盘中 ER 和 PR 的表达。来曲唑可抑制大鼠胎盘中 ER 和 PR 的表达,中断血管刺激信号,导致大量细胞凋亡和胎盘血管功能障碍。来曲唑在人体中的等效日剂量为 10 毫克,在不产生严重副作用的情况下,会导致较高的胚胎着床后丢失率。
{"title":"Effect of Aromatase Inhibitor Letrozole on the Placenta of Adult Albino Rats: A Histopathological, Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Study.","authors":"Mohamed Ali Alabiad, Ibtesam Elhasadi, Sulaiman Mohammed Alnasser, Mohammed Alorini, Ahmed Baker A Alshaikh, Fatima A Jaber, Amany Mohamed Shalaby, Walaa Samy, Ahmed Ismail Heraiz, Khalid Mohammed Mohammed Albakoush, Dina Ahmed Khairy","doi":"10.30476/IJMS.2023.96905.2853","DOIUrl":"10.30476/IJMS.2023.96905.2853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, has recently been introduced as the preferred treatment option for ectopic pregnancy. To date, no study has investigated the effect of letrozole alone on placental tissue. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of letrozole on the placenta of rats and to clarify the underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty pregnant female rats were equally divided into three groups, namely the control group (GI), low-dose (0.5 mg/Kg/day) letrozole group (GII), which is equivalent to the human daily dose (HED) of 5 mg, and high-dose (1 mg/Kg/day) letrozole group (GIII), equivalent to the HED of 10 mg. Letrozole was administered by oral gavage daily from day 6 to 16 of gestation. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's <i>post hoc</i> test and Chi square test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the GI and GII groups, high-dose letrozole significantly increased embryonic mortality with a high post-implantation loss rate (P<0.001) and significantly reduced the number of viable fetuses (P<0.001) and placental weight (P<0.001) of pregnant rats. Moreover, it significantly reduced placental estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) (P<0.001) and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (P<0.001), while increasing the apoptotic index of cleaved caspase-3 (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Letrozole inhibited the expression of ER and PR in rat placenta. It interrupted stimulatory vascular signals causing significant apoptosis and placental vascular dysfunction. Letrozole in an equivalent human daily dose of 10 mg caused a high post-implantation loss rate without imposing severe side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10839141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139697375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expression and Clinical Significance of IRE1-XBP1s, p62, and Caspase-3 in Colorectal Cancer Patients. 结直肠癌患者体内 IRE1-XBP1s、p62 和 Caspase-3 的表达及临床意义
IF 2.4 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.96922.2856
Mohammadkian Zarafshani, Habibollah Mahmoodzadeh, Vahid Soleimani, Mohammad Amin Moosavi, Marveh Rahmati

Background: Three main cell signaling pathways including the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) response, autophagy, and apoptosis play critical roles in both cell survival and death. They were found to crosstalk with one another during tumorigenesis and cancer progression. This study aimed to investigate the expression of the spliced form of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s), p62, and caspase-3, as the essential biomarkers of ERS, autophagy, and apoptosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as the correlation between their expression and clinicopathological data.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks, which were collected from patients and their tumor margins, from the tumor bank of Imam Khomeini Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from 2017 to 2019. Tissue microarray (TMA) was used to measure the XBP1s, p62, and caspase-3 biomarkers. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20, and P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Evaluating the total of 91 patients, a significant relationship was found between XBP1s expression and TNM stage (P=0.003), primary tumor (pT) (P=0.054), and the degree of differentiation (P=0.006); and between caspase-3 with pT (P=0.004), and lymphovascular invasion (P=0.02). However, no significant correlation was found between p62 and clinicopathological data. Furthermore, a positive relationship between XBP1s and p62 was confirmed (correlation coefficient: 22.2% and P=0.05).

Conclusion: Our findings indicated that XBP1s could be considered as a target for therapy in personalized medicine.

背景:包括内质网应激反应(ERS)、自噬和细胞凋亡在内的三大细胞信号通路在细胞存活和死亡过程中发挥着关键作用。研究发现,在肿瘤发生和癌症进展过程中,这些信号通路会相互影响。本研究旨在探讨作为ERS、自噬和细胞凋亡重要生物标志物的X-box结合蛋白1(XBP1s)剪接形式、p62和caspase-3在结直肠癌(CRC)患者中的表达情况,以及它们的表达与临床病理数据之间的相关性:这项回顾性研究的对象是福尔马林固定石蜡包埋(FFPE)区块,这些区块是从伊玛目霍梅尼医院(伊朗德黑兰)肿瘤库中收集的患者及其肿瘤边缘。组织芯片(TMA)用于测量XBP1s、p62和caspase-3生物标志物。数据采用SPSS软件20版进行分析,P≤0.05为差异有统计学意义:对91例患者进行评估后发现,XBP1s的表达与TNM分期(P=0.003)、原发肿瘤(pT)(P=0.054)和分化程度(P=0.006)有显著关系;caspase-3与pT(P=0.004)和淋巴管侵犯(P=0.02)有显著关系。然而,p62 与临床病理数据之间没有发现明显的相关性。此外,XBP1s与p62之间的正相关关系得到了证实(相关系数:22.2%,P=0.05):我们的研究结果表明,XBP1s可被视为个体化医疗的治疗靶点。
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引用次数: 0
Complication Rate after Percutaneous Liver Biopsy Using a Real-time Ultrasound Approach and Introducing a Uniform Methodology: A Brief Report. 采用实时超声方法和统一方法进行经皮肝活检后的并发症发生率:简要报告。
IF 2.4 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.96982.2861
Mohammad Reza Sasani, Alireza Rasekhi

Following the initial liver biopsy attempts, several techniques using a wide range of methodologies and materials were developed. Many studies on the evaluation of post-liver biopsy complications were conducted. However, their fundamental limitation was significant variance in patient demographics and methodology, which might account for the inconsistent outcomes. Therefore, a uniform methodology to perform percutaneous liver biopsies that result in comparable outcomes around the world is required. This study aimed to determine the precise complication rate following percutaneous liver biopsy using a consistent method in all individuals. It also aimed to establish a consistent operating procedure for a percutaneous liver biopsy that yielded comparable outcomes. Between July 2018 and July 2019, 116 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study for percutaneous liver biopsy. All individuals underwent a biopsy using the same procedure. There was an attempt to exclude elements that could have an impact on the complication rate. For this purpose, the same type and size of needle were utilized. Moreover, a single needle pass, a subcostal approach, deep inspiration breath holding, identical pre- and post-biopsy preparation, real-time ultrasonography guidance, the use of a single operator, and the absence of sedation or general anesthesia were the other approaches that were used to minimize the impact of variables that could raise complication rates. The overall complication rate was 19.8%, of which 18.9% of patients experienced pain and mild bleeding, and one patient (0.9%) experienced hematoma necessitating precautionary hospitalization. The overall percentage of patients who experienced pain was 13.8%. No further complications were observed. The findings of this study could provide an accurate estimate of the post-liver biopsy complication rate. Furthermore, due to a lower complication rate than other practiced procedures, this uniform methodology could be an attractive alternative in clinical practice. However, more research is required to confirm these results.

继最初的肝活检尝试之后,又开发出了几种使用多种方法和材料的技术。许多关于肝活检后并发症评估的研究已经开展。然而,这些研究的根本局限在于患者人口统计学和方法学方面的巨大差异,这可能是导致结果不一致的原因。因此,需要一种统一的方法来进行经皮肝穿刺活检,从而在全球范围内获得可比的结果。本研究旨在采用统一的方法确定经皮肝穿刺活检术后所有个体的精确并发症发生率。研究还旨在为经皮肝脏活检建立一致的操作流程,以获得可比的结果。2018 年 7 月至 2019 年 7 月期间,116 名患者参加了这项经皮肝活检回顾性研究。所有患者均采用相同的程序进行活检。研究试图排除可能影响并发症发生率的因素。为此,使用了相同类型和大小的针头。此外,单针穿刺、肋下入路、深吸气屏气、活检前后准备完全相同、实时超声引导、使用单一操作者、不使用镇静剂或全身麻醉等其他方法都是为了将可能提高并发症发生率的变量的影响降至最低。总体并发症发生率为 19.8%,其中 18.9% 的患者出现疼痛和轻微出血,一名患者(0.9%)出现血肿,需要住院预防。出现疼痛的患者比例为 13.8%。没有观察到其他并发症。这项研究的结果可以准确估计肝活检后的并发症发生率。此外,由于并发症发生率低于其他常规手术,这种统一的方法在临床实践中可能是一种有吸引力的替代方法。不过,还需要更多的研究来证实这些结果。
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引用次数: 0
Pulmonary Function Tests in Thunderstorm-associated Respiratory Symptoms: A Cross-sectional Study. 雷暴相关呼吸道症状中的肺功能测试:横断面研究
IF 2.4 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.96337.2784
Maryam Haddadzadeh Shoushtari, Sakineh Afrakhteh, Seyed Hamid Borsi, Hanieh Raji, Esmail Idani

Background: Epidemic thunderstorm asthma is an observed increase in cases of acute bronchospasm following thunderstorms. This study aimed to compare the frequency of obstructive airway disease or bronchial hyperresponsiveness in subjects with thunderstorm-associated respiratory symptoms with subjects with similar symptoms presented at other times.

Methods: A cross-sectional study from June to November of 2013 was conducted on subjects with thunderstorm-associated respiratory symptoms living in Ahvaz City, Iran. Thunderstorm-associated subjects were presented with asthmatic symptoms in thunderstorms, and other patients presented with similar symptoms at other times. Baseline spirometry was performed on patients to examine the presence of obstructive airway disease. In all patients with normal spirometry, a provocation test was applied. A comparison of qualitative and quantitative variables was made using the Chi-square and independent t test, respectively. All analyses were carried out using SPSS Statistics Version 22. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Out of 584 subjects, 300 and 284 participants were in thunderstorm-associated and non-thunderstorm-associated groups, respectively. After the final analysis, 87 (30.6%) and 89 (33.3%) of the thunderstorm-associated subjects and non-thunderstorm-associated group, respectively, had pieces of evidence of airflow limitation (P=0.27). Among the patients with normal spirometry, 161 (81.72%) of the thunderstorm-associated patients and 100 (56.17%) patients of the non-thunderstorm-associated symptoms group had a positive methacholine challenge test result (P<0.001).

Conclusion: Most of the patients with thunderstorm-associated respiratory symptoms had no obvious evidence of airflow limitation in spirometry.

背景:流行性雷暴哮喘是指在雷暴后急性支气管痉挛病例增多。本研究旨在比较雷暴相关呼吸道症状患者与其他时间出现类似症状的患者患阻塞性气道疾病或支气管高反应性疾病的频率:2013年6月至11月,对居住在伊朗阿瓦士市的雷暴相关呼吸道症状受试者进行了横断面研究。雷暴相关受试者在雷暴时出现哮喘症状,其他患者在其他时间出现类似症状。对患者进行了基线肺活量测定,以检查是否存在阻塞性气道疾病。所有肺活量正常的患者都接受了激发试验。定性和定量变量的比较分别采用了卡方检验和独立 t 检验。所有分析均使用 SPSS 统计软件版本 22 进行。P 值小于 0.05 视为具有统计学意义:在 584 名受试者中,雷暴相关组和非雷暴相关组分别有 300 人和 284 人。经过最终分析,雷暴相关组和非雷暴相关组分别有 87 人(30.6%)和 89 人(33.3%)有气流受限的证据(P=0.27)。在肺活量正常的患者中,161 名(81.72%)雷暴相关症状组患者和 100 名(56.17%)非雷暴相关症状组患者的甲基胆碱挑战试验结果呈阳性(P=0.27):大多数雷暴相关呼吸道症状患者在肺活量测定中没有明显的气流受限证据。
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引用次数: 0
In Vitro Comparative Study on Antineoplastic Effects of Pinoresinol and Lariciresinol on Healthy Cells and Breast Cancer-Derived Human Cells. 体外比较研究松脂醇和 Lariciresinol 对健康细胞和乳腺癌衍生人类细胞的抗肿瘤作用。
IF 2.4 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.94805.2611
Mona Soltani, Reza Fotovat, Mohsen Sharifi, Najmeh Ahmadian Chashmi, Mehrdad Behmanesh

Background: Herbal medicines are the preferred anticancer agents due to their lower cytotoxic effects on healthy cells. Plant lignans play an important role in treating various diseases, especially cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of podophyllotoxin, pinoresinol, and lariciresinol on cellular toxicity and inducing apoptosis in fibroblasts, HEK-293, and SkBr3 cell lines.

Methods: An in vitro study was conducted from 2017 to 2019 at the Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (Tehran, Iran). The cell lines were treated for 24 and 48 hours with different concentrations of lignans. Cell viability and apoptosis were examined using MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. Expression levels of cell cycle and apoptosis regulator genes were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's HSD test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Podophyllotoxin significantly increased apoptosis in fibroblast cells compared to pinoresinol and lariciresinol (P<0.001). The percentage of cell viability of fibroblast cells treated for 48 hours with pinoresinol, lariciresinol, and podophyllotoxin was reduced by 49%, 47%, and 36%, respectively. Treatment with pinoresinol and lariciresinol significantly overexpressed pro-apoptotic genes and underexpressed anti-apoptotic genes in SkBr3 cells (P<0.001). SkBr3 cells treated with lariciresinol significantly reduced gene expression (P<0.001).

Conclusion: Pinoresinol and lariciresinol can potentially be used as new therapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer.

背景:由于中草药对健康细胞的细胞毒性较低,因此是首选的抗癌药物。植物木脂素在治疗各种疾病,尤其是癌症方面发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在评估豆荚素、松脂醇和落叶松脂醇对成纤维细胞、HEK-293 和 SkBr3 细胞系的细胞毒性和诱导细胞凋亡的影响:2017 年至 2019 年,在伊朗德黑兰 Tarbiat Modares 大学生物科学系进行了一项体外研究。细胞株分别用不同浓度的木酚素处理 24 小时和 48 小时。分别使用 MTT 和流式细胞仪检测细胞活力和凋亡。细胞周期和细胞凋亡调节基因的表达水平采用实时定量聚合酶链反应法进行测定。数据采用双向方差分析,然后进行 Tukey's HSD 检验。结果与松脂醇和落叶松脂醇相比,鬼臼毒素能明显增加成纤维细胞的凋亡:松脂醇和落叶松脂醇有可能被用作治疗乳腺癌的新药。
{"title":"<i>In Vitro</i> Comparative Study on Antineoplastic Effects of Pinoresinol and Lariciresinol on Healthy Cells and Breast Cancer-Derived Human Cells.","authors":"Mona Soltani, Reza Fotovat, Mohsen Sharifi, Najmeh Ahmadian Chashmi, Mehrdad Behmanesh","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2023.94805.2611","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2023.94805.2611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Herbal medicines are the preferred anticancer agents due to their lower cytotoxic effects on healthy cells. Plant lignans play an important role in treating various diseases, especially cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of podophyllotoxin, pinoresinol, and lariciresinol on cellular toxicity and inducing apoptosis in fibroblasts, HEK-293, and SkBr3 cell lines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An <i>in vitro</i> study was conducted from 2017 to 2019 at the Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (Tehran, Iran). The cell lines were treated for 24 and 48 hours with different concentrations of lignans. Cell viability and apoptosis were examined using MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. Expression levels of cell cycle and apoptosis regulator genes were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's HSD test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Podophyllotoxin significantly increased apoptosis in fibroblast cells compared to pinoresinol and lariciresinol (P<0.001). The percentage of cell viability of fibroblast cells treated for 48 hours with pinoresinol, lariciresinol, and podophyllotoxin was reduced by 49%, 47%, and 36%, respectively. Treatment with pinoresinol and lariciresinol significantly overexpressed pro-apoptotic genes and underexpressed anti-apoptotic genes in SkBr3 cells (P<0.001). SkBr3 cells treated with lariciresinol significantly reduced gene expression (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pinoresinol and lariciresinol can potentially be used as new therapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10839140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139697372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatial Proximity Distribution of COVID-19 in Iran (Panel: February 2019-February 2023). 伊朗 COVID-19 的空间邻近分布(小组讨论:2019 年 2 月至 2023 年 2 月)。
IF 2.4 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.98665.3069
Afshin Mottaghi, Michael Aryan Kya
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引用次数: 0
Managing Monkeypox Virus Infections: A Contemporary Review. 猴痘病毒感染管理:当代回顾。
IF 2.4 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2022.96738.2837
Fariba Asadi Noghabi, John G Rizk, Dheeraj Makkar, Nasibeh Roozbeh, Soleyman Ghelichpour, Aref Zarei

Monkeypox is an infectious and contagious zoonotic disease caused by the Orthopoxvirus species and was first identified in Africa. Recently, this infectious disease has spread widely in many parts of the world. Fever, fatigue, headache, and rash are common symptoms of monkeypox. The presence of lymphadenopathy is another prominent and key symptom of monkeypox, which distinguishes this disease from other diseases and is useful for diagnosing the disease. This disease is transmitted to humans through contact with or eating infected animals as well as objects infected with the virus. One of the ways to diagnose this disease is through PCR testing of lesions and secretions. To prevent the disease, vaccines such as JYNNEOS and ACAM2000 are available, but they are not accessible to all people in the world, and their effectiveness and safety need further investigation. However, preventive measures such as avoiding contact with people infected with the virus and using appropriate personal protective equipment are mandatory. The disease therapy is based on medicines such as brincidofovir, cidofovir, and Vaccinia Immune Globulin Intravenous. The injectable format of tecovirimat was approved recently, in May 2022. Considering the importance of clinical care in this disease, awareness about the side effects of medicines, nutrition, care for conjunctivitis, skin rash, washing and bathing at home, and so on can be useful in controlling and managing the disease.

猴痘是一种由正痘病毒引起的人畜共患传染病,最早发现于非洲。最近,这种传染病在世界许多地方广泛传播。发热、疲劳、头痛和皮疹是猴痘的常见症状。淋巴结肿大是猴痘另一个突出的主要症状,可将这种疾病与其他疾病区分开来,有助于诊断这种疾病。这种疾病会通过接触或食用受感染的动物以及受病毒感染的物体传染给人类。诊断这种疾病的方法之一是对病变和分泌物进行 PCR 检测。为了预防这种疾病,目前已有 JYNNEOS 和 ACAM2000 等疫苗,但并非全世界所有人都能接种,其有效性和安全性还需要进一步研究。不过,避免与病毒感染者接触和使用适当的个人防护设备等预防措施是必须的。该病的治疗以药物为基础,如布林昔多福韦、西多福韦和疫苗免疫球蛋白静脉注射。最近,泰考韦酯的注射剂型于 2022 年 5 月获得批准。考虑到临床护理在该疾病中的重要性,了解药物的副作用、营养、结膜炎的护理、皮疹、家庭洗浴等知识有助于控制和管理该疾病。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
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