Silvia Ďutková, Dominika Hoštáková, Stanislava Turská, J. Kurotová, Pawel Droźdiel
The paper displays cost analysis of queuing system of particular post office. The selected Post Office is Zilina 1 Post Office in Slovakia. Post office Zilina 1 provides service to almost 4 000 companies and 13 559 households. [1] This paper considers two types of costs. There are costs of services which are associated with increasing or decreasing system capacity. Additional costs are the costs of rejected customers which are costs associated with deciding customers to leave the post office. Aim of this article to indicate the methodology of costs allocation of queuing system of post office and display the costs calculation method of rejected customers. Primary research using the questionnaire and the simulation method proved to be an appropriate tool in this analysis. The results of this paper show the need to take into account the substitutability of the individual services provided at the post office and the repeated arrival of the rejected customer. In the case that a rejected customer requests a service provided also by other postal operators, the post office can deal with loss of customer.
{"title":"Cost Analysis of Queuing System of Postal Office","authors":"Silvia Ďutková, Dominika Hoštáková, Stanislava Turská, J. Kurotová, Pawel Droźdiel","doi":"10.26552/tac.c.2019.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2019.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The paper displays cost analysis of queuing system of particular post office. The selected Post Office is Zilina 1 Post Office in Slovakia. Post office Zilina 1 provides service to almost 4 000 companies and 13 559 households. [1] This paper considers two types of costs. There are costs of services which are associated with increasing or decreasing system capacity. Additional costs are the costs of rejected customers which are costs associated with deciding customers to leave the post office. Aim of this article to indicate the methodology of costs allocation of queuing system of post office and display the costs calculation method of rejected customers. Primary research using the questionnaire and the simulation method proved to be an appropriate tool in this analysis. The results of this paper show the need to take into account the substitutability of the individual services provided at the post office and the repeated arrival of the rejected customer. In the case that a rejected customer requests a service provided also by other postal operators, the post office can deal with loss of customer.","PeriodicalId":145513,"journal":{"name":"Transport and Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130987648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A very important part of the theoretical analysis of intellectual capital is the analysis of the organization value building on the basis of intellectual capital. The innovativeness of the organization and its ability to absorb innovations can to be a value of the organization. The investments in the intellectual capital during organization value building should lead to absorption of innovation. So the considerations connected to the organization value building on the basis of intellectual capital raised in this article might be of value for the future empirical work results.
{"title":"Organization value building on the basis of intellectual capital","authors":"I. Tomaszewska","doi":"10.26552/tac.c.2019.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2019.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"A very important part of the theoretical analysis of intellectual capital is the analysis of the organization value building on the basis of intellectual capital. The innovativeness of the organization and its ability to absorb innovations can to be a value of the organization. The investments in the intellectual capital during organization value building should lead to absorption of innovation. So the considerations connected to the organization value building on the basis of intellectual capital raised in this article might be of value for the future empirical work results.","PeriodicalId":145513,"journal":{"name":"Transport and Communications","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133565348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mobile cellular networks are an indispensable part of modern life, where the need for customer satisfaction in the use of many different services by consumers is constantly increasing. The requirements for higher transmission speed, lossless transmission, reliability, efficiency, low latency, mass connectivity, guarantee of high Quality of Service criteria are repeatedly increasing. All this requires the continuous development of the used technologies as well as the introduction of new generations of networks. Handover mechanism is extremely important in cellular network because of the cellular architecture employed to maximize spectrum utilization. To ensure the quality of service in wireless cellular networks, the report proposes the use of a Horizontal Handoff Priority Scheme. Simulation experiments have been carried out, the probability parameters of the scheme have been evaluated and the probabilities of losses occurrence have been classified as rare events. The proposed material are various algorithms and techniques for the implementation of Vertical and Horizontal Handoff in 3G, 4G and fifth-generation networks to provide the required QoS for mobile users with Ultra-High Definition.
{"title":"Handoff in Various Mobile Network Technologies","authors":"E. Otsetova-Dudin","doi":"10.26552/tac.c.2019.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2019.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile cellular networks are an indispensable part of modern life, where the need for customer satisfaction in the use of many different services by consumers is constantly increasing. The requirements for higher transmission speed, lossless transmission, reliability, efficiency, low latency, mass connectivity, guarantee of high Quality of Service criteria are repeatedly increasing. All this requires the continuous development of the used technologies as well as the introduction of new generations of networks. Handover mechanism is extremely important in cellular network because of the cellular architecture employed to maximize spectrum utilization. To ensure the quality of service in wireless cellular networks, the report proposes the use of a Horizontal Handoff Priority Scheme. Simulation experiments have been carried out, the probability parameters of the scheme have been evaluated and the probabilities of losses occurrence have been classified as rare events. The proposed material are various algorithms and techniques for the implementation of Vertical and Horizontal Handoff in 3G, 4G and fifth-generation networks to provide the required QoS for mobile users with Ultra-High Definition.","PeriodicalId":145513,"journal":{"name":"Transport and Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116474312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the conditions of fourth industrial revolution, it is very difficult to find new entrepreneurship ideas and windows. This paper delves into the modern ways to do entrepreneurship like digital, green, medical, educational, social, creative or art. Some creative and critical thinking techniques for entrepreneur windows are discussed and their implementation in education has been drawn. They include lateral thinking, the six thinking hats, simplify and their suggested usage for classes as role-playing games, puzzles and quizzes. A connection between leadership, entrepreneurship, innovation and creative thinking has been drawn. On that basis, a conclusion about usage of creative thinking techniques in educational centres to build up entrepreneurship and leadership skills has been done.
{"title":"Entrepreneurship Skillset Build-up in the Conditions of the Fourth Industrial Revolution","authors":"D. Kolev","doi":"10.26552/tac.c.2019.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2019.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"In the conditions of fourth industrial revolution, it is very difficult to find new entrepreneurship ideas and windows. This paper delves into the modern ways to do entrepreneurship like digital, green, medical, educational, social, creative or art. Some creative and critical thinking techniques for entrepreneur windows are discussed and their implementation in education has been drawn. They include lateral thinking, the six thinking hats, simplify and their suggested usage for classes as role-playing games, puzzles and quizzes. A connection between leadership, entrepreneurship, innovation and creative thinking has been drawn. On that basis, a conclusion about usage of creative thinking techniques in educational centres to build up entrepreneurship and leadership skills has been done.","PeriodicalId":145513,"journal":{"name":"Transport and Communications","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114959682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In our research we dealt with the creation of an algorithm designed to simulate M / M / n queuing systems with endless queues. The algorithm was created in Matlab. When creating the algorithm, we proceeded according to scientific literature, according to which we transformed the formulas into the Matlab algorithm. This process also included the optimization and creation of new outputs based on the analysis of the generated data. The research output is a Matlab algorithm suitable for creating simulations of M / M / n / ∞ systems.
在我们的研究中，我们处理了一个算法的创建，该算法旨在模拟具有无穷队列的M / M / n排队系统。该算法在Matlab中创建。在创建算法时，我们根据科学文献进行，并根据这些文献将公式转化为Matlab算法。该过程还包括基于对生成数据的分析优化和创建新输出。研究结果是一种适用于创建M / M / n /∞系统仿真的Matlab算法。
{"title":"The Use of Matlab in Creating M/M/n/∞ Queuing Theory Model","authors":"Viliam Mojský, K. Achimský","doi":"10.26552/tac.c.2020.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2020.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"In our research we dealt with the creation of an algorithm designed to simulate M / M / n queuing systems with endless queues. The algorithm was created in Matlab. When creating the algorithm, we proceeded according to scientific literature, according to which we transformed the formulas into the Matlab algorithm. This process also included the optimization and creation of new outputs based on the analysis of the generated data. The research output is a Matlab algorithm suitable for creating simulations of M / M / n / ∞ systems.","PeriodicalId":145513,"journal":{"name":"Transport and Communications","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133333258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Viliam Mojský, Eva Adámiková, M. Dobroselskyi, Simona Jaculjaková, P. Staša
The article deals with the creation of software for automatic identification of secondary packaging of medicines. In the first part of the analysis we focused on the possibilities of creating software considering available equipment. The second part followed achieved results. Here we focused on the knowledge and software needed to create our solution. Based on the findings of the analysis, we started working on the software. We have tailored the software solution to fit our needs. It has been customized for the laboratory equipment while meeting our requirements. We have successfully created the software and it will be used in further research activities in the ongoing project.
{"title":"Software for Identifying Secondary Packaging of Medicines","authors":"Viliam Mojský, Eva Adámiková, M. Dobroselskyi, Simona Jaculjaková, P. Staša","doi":"10.26552/tac.c.2019.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2019.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the creation of software for automatic identification of secondary packaging of medicines. In the first part of the analysis we focused on the possibilities of creating software considering available equipment. The second part followed achieved results. Here we focused on the knowledge and software needed to create our solution. Based on the findings of the analysis, we started working on the software. We have tailored the software solution to fit our needs. It has been customized for the laboratory equipment while meeting our requirements. We have successfully created the software and it will be used in further research activities in the ongoing project.","PeriodicalId":145513,"journal":{"name":"Transport and Communications","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129375480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Safe and accessible pedestrian sidewalk is significant to sustainable infrastructural development and industrialisation of core of cities in world over. Studies have shown that safety of pedestrian on walkways aid their ability to shop more than sitting in the comfort of their vehicles. The study modelled the influence of lateral separation (LS) (sidewalk separation); volume of motor vehicles (VM); speed of motor vehicle (SM) and vehicular access to adjoining properties (VA) on pedestrians’ level of safety (PLS) along the streets of core area of Ikeja. Fifty-six (56) road segments were observed, measured and field information obtained analysed. Though, LS, VM, SM and VA contributed about 58.1% to (PLS) in Ikeja, the results further revealed that PLS increased with LS distant vehicles (βsd=0.60, tsd=5.14), but decreased with higher VM (βvv=0.20, tvv=1.73) and SM (βsp=0.07, tsp=0.76). It was recommended that a standardised distance of LS from moving traffic and its wideness; the required SM of vehicles and increased investment on pedestrian facilities in urban centre will improve pedestrian safety and as well promote sustainable industrialisation since pedestrian form major traffic of the industries.
{"title":"Pedestrians’ Sidewalk Development and Level of Safety in Ikeja Area, Lagos Nigeria","authors":"B. Raji, M. O. Solanke, Taiwo Kareem Alli","doi":"10.26552/tac.c.2021.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2021.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Safe and accessible pedestrian sidewalk is significant to sustainable infrastructural development and industrialisation of core of cities in world over. Studies have shown that safety of pedestrian on walkways aid their ability to shop more than sitting in the comfort of their vehicles. The study modelled the influence of lateral separation (LS) (sidewalk separation); volume of motor vehicles (VM); speed of motor vehicle (SM) and vehicular access to adjoining properties (VA) on pedestrians’ level of safety (PLS) along the streets of core area of Ikeja. Fifty-six (56) road segments were observed, measured and field information obtained analysed. Though, LS, VM, SM and VA contributed about 58.1% to (PLS) in Ikeja, the results further revealed that PLS increased with LS distant vehicles (βsd=0.60, tsd=5.14), but decreased with higher VM (βvv=0.20, tvv=1.73) and SM (βsp=0.07, tsp=0.76). It was recommended that a standardised distance of LS from moving traffic and its wideness; the required SM of vehicles and increased investment on pedestrian facilities in urban centre will improve pedestrian safety and as well promote sustainable industrialisation since pedestrian form major traffic of the industries.","PeriodicalId":145513,"journal":{"name":"Transport and Communications","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114163501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intra-urban travel is basic to urban residents. It is occasioned by the need of urban residents to carry out their activities in different places either by necessity or by choice. The magnitude of trips generated depends on the complex interaction of socio-economic characteristics of the cities and those of their residents. However, existing knowledge on the subject matter seems to concentrate on the latter to the sheer neglect of the former. This study therefore examines factors of intra-urban trip generation with emphasis on socio-economic characteristics of urban centres as well as those of urban residents. The study is based on both secondary and primary data from 14 selected urban centres of the state. Secondary data on 16 factors of growth of city were collected. These include population, industrial establishments, educational institutions, recreation and sporting services, postal and telecommunication services, health care services and shopping services. Primary data, through questionnaire survey were collected on socio-economic characteristics of urban residents and their trip generation frequency. 2,100 well completed questionnaires were analysed for this study. Simple bivariate correlation and multiple regression analyses were employed to examine the relationships between socio-economic characteristics of urban centres and trips generation. Similar analyses were also employed in the examination of the nature and extent of relationship between socio-economic characteristics of residents and trips generated. Principal component analysis was used in reducing socioeconomic variables of the urban centres. The socio-economic characteristics of urban centres provide a greater explanation of the criterion with 53.80 % (F=13.982 P ≤ 0.05) while socio-economic characteristics of residents provide 46.20% (F=137.62 P ≤ 0.01) of the explanation. The study establishes the need for caution among transport researchers in using socio-economic characteristics of urban residents as major determinants of urban travel especially in the developing countries.
{"title":"Intra-Urban Trip Generation Factors in Developing World: A Study of Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"M. O. Solanke, B. Raji","doi":"10.26552/tac.c.2021.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2021.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Intra-urban travel is basic to urban residents. It is occasioned by the need of urban residents to carry out their activities in different places either by necessity or by choice. The magnitude of trips generated depends on the complex interaction of socio-economic characteristics of the cities and those of their residents. However, existing knowledge on the subject matter seems to concentrate on the latter to the sheer neglect of the former. This study therefore examines factors of intra-urban trip generation with emphasis on socio-economic characteristics of urban centres as well as those of urban residents. The study is based on both secondary and primary data from 14 selected urban centres of the state. Secondary data on 16 factors of growth of city were collected. These include population, industrial establishments, educational institutions, recreation and sporting services, postal and telecommunication services, health care services and shopping services. Primary data, through questionnaire survey were collected on socio-economic characteristics of urban residents and their trip generation frequency. 2,100 well completed questionnaires were analysed for this study. Simple bivariate correlation and multiple regression analyses were employed to examine the relationships between socio-economic characteristics of urban centres and trips generation. Similar analyses were also employed in the examination of the nature and extent of relationship between socio-economic characteristics of residents and trips generated. Principal component analysis was used in reducing socioeconomic variables of the urban centres. The socio-economic characteristics of urban centres provide a greater explanation of the criterion with 53.80 % (F=13.982 P ≤ 0.05) while socio-economic characteristics of residents provide 46.20% (F=137.62 P ≤ 0.01) of the explanation. The study establishes the need for caution among transport researchers in using socio-economic characteristics of urban residents as major determinants of urban travel especially in the developing countries.","PeriodicalId":145513,"journal":{"name":"Transport and Communications","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131511588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This report examines the nature and specificity of the higher education interested parties. Systematized needs, expectations and interests of the University of Telecommunications and Post (UTP) interested parties are also presented. Particular attention is paid to the relationship "Business - Education", which has been very strong in the recent years. The need for partnership between the higher school and various business organizations - future users of staff is emphasized.
{"title":"The Interested Parties in the Relationship “Business – Education” - Strategic Aim of the University of Telecommunications and Post","authors":"Gergana Dimcheva, I. Stoyanov","doi":"10.26552/tac.c.2019.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2019.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"This report examines the nature and specificity of the higher education interested parties. Systematized needs, expectations and interests of the University of Telecommunications and Post (UTP) interested parties are also presented. Particular attention is paid to the relationship \"Business - Education\", which has been very strong in the recent years. The need for partnership between the higher school and various business organizations - future users of staff is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":145513,"journal":{"name":"Transport and Communications","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114474576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The postal operators are facing unavoidable digital business transformation in the era of the digital economy, Industry 4.0 and innovations. The rise of digital technology over the last 30 years has created both threats and opportunities for the postal industry. Digital transformation of companies and correspondence is having an impact on the core business activity of postal operators. Nowadays, electronic communications impact all of postal operators businesses. The volumes of physical letters have been decreasing substantially, particularly in the last couple of years. Obviously, this leads to loss of revenue. At the same time digital innovations, e-commerce, data collection, and digital identity have been at the heart of postal operators’ efforts to propose new services, spawn efficiencies, and adapt their organizational culture and strategy to the needs of the digital economy. These tendencies require a different postal infrastructure as well as different skills and patterns of employment for postal operators. Hence, the digital transformation has become a strategic priority for postal operators. Although postal services play a vital role in connecting people, businesses and government across the world, the postal industry is grappling with its greatest challenge yet: digital disruption. This article dealt with the opportunity and challenges faced by postal operators in age of digital transformation. It focusses on main drivers of digital transformation and the dimensions of digital transformation in postal services sector. Based on own study a penetration rate for postal e-services in Bulgaria is presented. The results show that extent to which postal operators in Bulgaria are offered e-services is far from fully exploited across the entire network. Based on the results digital strategy priorities of postal operators are proposed.
{"title":"Digital Transformation of Postal Operators – Challenges and Perspectives","authors":"Anna Otsetova","doi":"10.26552/tac.c.2019.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2019.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The postal operators are facing unavoidable digital business transformation in the era of the digital economy, Industry 4.0 and innovations. The rise of digital technology over the last 30 years has created both threats and opportunities for the postal industry. Digital transformation of companies and correspondence is having an impact on the core business activity of postal operators. Nowadays, electronic communications impact all of postal operators businesses. The volumes of physical letters have been decreasing substantially, particularly in the last couple of years. Obviously, this leads to loss of revenue. At the same time digital innovations, e-commerce, data collection, and digital identity have been at the heart of postal operators’ efforts to propose new services, spawn efficiencies, and adapt their organizational culture and strategy to the needs of the digital economy. These tendencies require a different postal infrastructure as well as different skills and patterns of employment for postal operators. Hence, the digital transformation has become a strategic priority for postal operators. Although postal services play a vital role in connecting people, businesses and government across the world, the postal industry is grappling with its greatest challenge yet: digital disruption. This article dealt with the opportunity and challenges faced by postal operators in age of digital transformation. It focusses on main drivers of digital transformation and the dimensions of digital transformation in postal services sector. Based on own study a penetration rate for postal e-services in Bulgaria is presented. The results show that extent to which postal operators in Bulgaria are offered e-services is far from fully exploited across the entire network. Based on the results digital strategy priorities of postal operators are proposed.","PeriodicalId":145513,"journal":{"name":"Transport and Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116978951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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