Pub Date : 2021-10-17DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.528423.4688
Zhenmin Liu, Hairui Yin, Yuan-yang Wang
The waste selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts were regenerated by active components supplement on the basis of alkali/acid washing treatment. Through orthogonal design, the regenerated SCR catalyst restored the denitration activity of 98.36% at optimal regeneration parameters of 6% WO3 loaded after 1.2% V2O5 loaded and then calcined at 500 oC. The catalysts were characterized by XRD and H2-TPR techniques. The XRD patterns and the FT-IR spectrogram showed that the supplemented V2O5 and WO3 were dispersed uniformly in amorphous state on the surface of TiO2 support which remained as anatase phase. The H2-TPR characterization reported that V2O5 significantly affected on the low-temperature activity while WO3 mainly affected the high-temperature activity, the loading sequence of V2O5 before WO3 not only enhanced the interaction between V2O5 and TiO2 but also facilitated the enrichment of WO3 on TiO2 surface.
{"title":"Regeneration study on active components supplement of waste V2O5-WO3/TiO2 SCR catalyst","authors":"Zhenmin Liu, Hairui Yin, Yuan-yang Wang","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.528423.4688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.528423.4688","url":null,"abstract":"The waste selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts were regenerated by active components supplement on the basis of alkali/acid washing treatment. Through orthogonal design, the regenerated SCR catalyst restored the denitration activity of 98.36% at optimal regeneration parameters of 6% WO3 loaded after 1.2% V2O5 loaded and then calcined at 500 oC. The catalysts were characterized by XRD and H2-TPR techniques. The XRD patterns and the FT-IR spectrogram showed that the supplemented V2O5 and WO3 were dispersed uniformly in amorphous state on the surface of TiO2 support which remained as anatase phase. The H2-TPR characterization reported that V2O5 significantly affected on the low-temperature activity while WO3 mainly affected the high-temperature activity, the loading sequence of V2O5 before WO3 not only enhanced the interaction between V2O5 and TiO2 but also facilitated the enrichment of WO3 on TiO2 surface.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74405995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-17DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.523967.4555
B. O. Kashani, R. K. Saray, Reza Kheiri
Due to the landfill leachate and the lack of drainage beds for collecting and directing leachate, especially in developing countries, the need to study municipal solid waste (MSW) dryers is of particular importance. According to the technical literature, so far no comprehensive study has been performed on MSW dryers considering with the actual components of the waste and the moisture content above 40%. Here a comprehensive study for wet MSW dryers consists of three different parts is performed. In the first part, a semi-theoretical mathematical model is developed to calculate the drying rate (internal) of wet MSW. For this purpose, with the laboratory results in the technical literature and Statistica software, a suitable mathematical model for drying MSW is validated and determined. Then, the external drying rate is determined according to the type of dryer selected and after its validation; it is compared with the internal drying rate. In the second and third parts, after validation of EES developed code, energy and exergy analysis are reviewed and finally parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of different parameters on energy and exergy efficiencies of unsorted wet MSW drying process. The results show that the best model for drying the unsorted MSW is the logarithmic model with a corresponding R^2 of 0.999. The internal and external evaporation rates are 0.157 and 0.165 kg/s and it is seen these two rates are well matched together and differ by only 5%. The energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the dryer are 13.92% and 2.91%, respectively. According to the parametric study, the inlet air temperature and the temperature of inlet MSW have the greatest effect on energy efficiency, respectively. Inlet air conditions such as absolute humidity of inlet air and atmosphere pressure have the greatest effect on the exergy efficiency of MSW drying.
{"title":"Modeling and thermodynamic analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Dryer: A parametric study","authors":"B. O. Kashani, R. K. Saray, Reza Kheiri","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.523967.4555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.523967.4555","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the landfill leachate and the lack of drainage beds for collecting and directing leachate, especially in developing countries, the need to study municipal solid waste (MSW) dryers is of particular importance. According to the technical literature, so far no comprehensive study has been performed on MSW dryers considering with the actual components of the waste and the moisture content above 40%. Here a comprehensive study for wet MSW dryers consists of three different parts is performed. In the first part, a semi-theoretical mathematical model is developed to calculate the drying rate (internal) of wet MSW. For this purpose, with the laboratory results in the technical literature and Statistica software, a suitable mathematical model for drying MSW is validated and determined. Then, the external drying rate is determined according to the type of dryer selected and after its validation; it is compared with the internal drying rate. In the second and third parts, after validation of EES developed code, energy and exergy analysis are reviewed and finally parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of different parameters on energy and exergy efficiencies of unsorted wet MSW drying process. The results show that the best model for drying the unsorted MSW is the logarithmic model with a corresponding R^2 of 0.999. The internal and external evaporation rates are 0.157 and 0.165 kg/s and it is seen these two rates are well matched together and differ by only 5%. The energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the dryer are 13.92% and 2.91%, respectively. According to the parametric study, the inlet air temperature and the temperature of inlet MSW have the greatest effect on energy efficiency, respectively. Inlet air conditions such as absolute humidity of inlet air and atmosphere pressure have the greatest effect on the exergy efficiency of MSW drying.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81127996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-17DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.141812.4456
L. Nateghi, F. Kavian, M. Eshaghi, S. Movahhed
Mahyaveh is a traditional Iranian fish sauce produced by fermentation and hydrolysis. Fish sauce is considered a rich source of protein and contains essential amino acids. The type of fish, salt concentration and fermentation time are affective on the nitrogen properties of Iranian fish sauce and its quality. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the type of fish, salt concentration and fermentation time on the nitrogen properties and increase the bioactive compounds of Iranian fish sauce (Mahyaveh). The results are shown that the increase of time (30 to 120 days), and salt concentration (35 to 15%) has a significant effect (P≤0.05) on the increase of nitrogen properties, fermentation time (30 to 120 days) and salt concentration (15 to 35%), but decrease on trimethylamine. Multiple optimization to achieve the maximum nitrogen properties and minimum trimethylamine in the Mahyaveh with 95.56% desirability is obtained at 120 days of fermentation, salt concentration of 18.73% with use of sardine. By optimizing the conditions of producing, Mahyaveh can be produced with the nutritional value and higher quality.
{"title":"Optimization production conditions on the amount of nitrogen compounds in Iranian fish sauce (Mahyaveh)","authors":"L. Nateghi, F. Kavian, M. Eshaghi, S. Movahhed","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.141812.4456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.141812.4456","url":null,"abstract":"Mahyaveh is a traditional Iranian fish sauce produced by fermentation and hydrolysis. Fish sauce is considered a rich source of protein and contains essential amino acids. The type of fish, salt concentration and fermentation time are affective on the nitrogen properties of Iranian fish sauce and its quality. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the type of fish, salt concentration and fermentation time on the nitrogen properties and increase the bioactive compounds of Iranian fish sauce (Mahyaveh). The results are shown that the increase of time (30 to 120 days), and salt concentration (35 to 15%) has a significant effect (P≤0.05) on the increase of nitrogen properties, fermentation time (30 to 120 days) and salt concentration (15 to 35%), but decrease on trimethylamine. Multiple optimization to achieve the maximum nitrogen properties and minimum trimethylamine in the Mahyaveh with 95.56% desirability is obtained at 120 days of fermentation, salt concentration of 18.73% with use of sardine. By optimizing the conditions of producing, Mahyaveh can be produced with the nutritional value and higher quality.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89485283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.521605.4482
Y. He, Sha Wang
Due to the traditional analysis method on the influence of soil nitrogen deposition on soil emissions during the freezing and thawing period, the initial impact of nitrogen deposition on soil emissions during the freezing and thawing incubation period was not analyzed, resulting in insufficient accuracy of the later analysis results. A new method was proposed to analyze the effect of nitrogen deposition on Soil emission during freeze-thaw cultivation.On this basis, the contents of soil temperature, moisture, inorganic nitrogen and soluble carbon were determined. Three freeze-thaw models of nitrogen deposition levels were established. The influence of nitrogen deposition on Soil emission and the effect of nitrogen deposition on emission in alpine wetland were studied by multivariate variance analysis. The effect of nitrogen deposition on emission of alpine wetland was studied. The results showed that different soil temperature and moisture content had great influence on the seasonal variation of soil flux, which was generally consistent with the single peak of soil temperature, but highly consistent with the variation of soil moisture content in different growth periods. Nitrogen treatment changed the DOC content of soil organic matter. DOC content in mineral layer and organic layer increased significantly in low and medium nitrogen treatments. The emission of soil in freezing period is lower than that in normal temperature period, and that in multiple freezing period is less than that in one freezing period. The emission rate of soil under freeze-thaw condition is the smallest, and the emission rate of soil after thaw is the largest. Appropriate nitrogen deposition can promote soil emission, while high nitrogen deposition can inhibit emission.
{"title":"Effect of nitrogen deposition on Soil CO2 emission during freezing-thawing incubation period","authors":"Y. He, Sha Wang","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.521605.4482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.521605.4482","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the traditional analysis method on the influence of soil nitrogen deposition on soil emissions during the freezing and thawing period, the initial impact of nitrogen deposition on soil emissions during the freezing and thawing incubation period was not analyzed, resulting in insufficient accuracy of the later analysis results. A new method was proposed to analyze the effect of nitrogen deposition on Soil emission during freeze-thaw cultivation.On this basis, the contents of soil temperature, moisture, inorganic nitrogen and soluble carbon were determined. Three freeze-thaw models of nitrogen deposition levels were established. The influence of nitrogen deposition on Soil emission and the effect of nitrogen deposition on emission in alpine wetland were studied by multivariate variance analysis. The effect of nitrogen deposition on emission of alpine wetland was studied. The results showed that different soil temperature and moisture content had great influence on the seasonal variation of soil flux, which was generally consistent with the single peak of soil temperature, but highly consistent with the variation of soil moisture content in different growth periods. Nitrogen treatment changed the DOC content of soil organic matter. DOC content in mineral layer and organic layer increased significantly in low and medium nitrogen treatments. The emission of soil in freezing period is lower than that in normal temperature period, and that in multiple freezing period is less than that in one freezing period. The emission rate of soil under freeze-thaw condition is the smallest, and the emission rate of soil after thaw is the largest. Appropriate nitrogen deposition can promote soil emission, while high nitrogen deposition can inhibit emission.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87448530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.141813.4459
Ashok Kumar, Salam Suresh Singh, A. Thakur, Saumya Sandilya
Recently, the demands for biodegradable and renewable materials for several eco-sustain applications have increased tremendously. This rise in demand is connected to the growing environmental concerns over the extensive use of synthetic and non-biodegradable plastic packaging and the dumping of plastics waste in landfills. Biodegradable bioplastics are polymers that are mineralized into carbon dioxide, methane, water, inorganic compounds, or biomass by specific microorganisms by enzymatic action. As a result, they could be a viable and environmentally friendly alternative to petrochemical plastics. Bioplastic delivers precisely as per demand exhibiting several advantages: lower carbon footprint, energy efficiency, non-hazardous, stable, cost-efficient and eco-friendly. Herein, a major focus is given on the discussion of the bioplastics production from various sources, their type and the role of additives to strengthen their chemical and physical properties. This review article goal to provide information about the bioplastic synthesis concerning the recycling of bioplastics, thermoplastic biocomposites and their blends with a special focus on mechanical recycling of bio-based materials. Additionally, the utilization of these bioplastics in various industries such as the food packaging industry, the automotive industry has been enlightened.
{"title":"Recent Advances in Bioplastics: Synthesis and Emerging Perspective","authors":"Ashok Kumar, Salam Suresh Singh, A. Thakur, Saumya Sandilya","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.141813.4459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.141813.4459","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the demands for biodegradable and renewable materials for several eco-sustain applications have increased tremendously. This rise in demand is connected to the growing environmental concerns over the extensive use of synthetic and non-biodegradable plastic packaging and the dumping of plastics waste in landfills. Biodegradable bioplastics are polymers that are mineralized into carbon dioxide, methane, water, inorganic compounds, or biomass by specific microorganisms by enzymatic action. As a result, they could be a viable and environmentally friendly alternative to petrochemical plastics. Bioplastic delivers precisely as per demand exhibiting several advantages: lower carbon footprint, energy efficiency, non-hazardous, stable, cost-efficient and eco-friendly. Herein, a major focus is given on the discussion of the bioplastics production from various sources, their type and the role of additives to strengthen their chemical and physical properties. This review article goal to provide information about the bioplastic synthesis concerning the recycling of bioplastics, thermoplastic biocomposites and their blends with a special focus on mechanical recycling of bio-based materials. Additionally, the utilization of these bioplastics in various industries such as the food packaging industry, the automotive industry has been enlightened.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80278322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-28DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.526904.4630
Shanaz Davoudi
The applicability of the synthesized NiO-SiO2NPs as a novel adsorbent for eliminating Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous media was investigated. Various techniques including BET, FT-IR, XRD, SEM and EDS were used to characterize this novel adsorbent. The investigation showed the applicability of NiO-SiO2NPs as an available, suitable and low-cost adsorbent for proper removing of MB dye from aqueous media. The effect of pH, adsorbent dosage (dose), initial MB dye concentration (C0) contact time (tc) and temperature (T) on the removal percentage (Ad%) of MB dye onto NiO-SiO2NPs was studied and the optimum value of each factor was determined (pH=7, dose=0.1g, C0=30 mg/L, tc=15 min and T=298.0 K). The experimental equilibrium data was fitted to the conventional isotherm models and accordingly Langmuir isotherm has good applicability for the explanation of experimental data with maximum adsorption capacity of the MB dye for SiO2 and NiO-SiO2NPs were roughly 117.0 and 140.0 mg/g respectively. Kinetics experiments were performed to investigate the adsorption kinetics, the pseudo-second-order kinetics coincided quite with the kinetic results. The thermodynamic behavior of the adsorption process was studied by considering the effect of temperature on the adsorption capacity, where the results showed that the process is spontaneous (∆G, Ad 0<0) at used temperature range and exothermic (∆H, Ad 0<0) with ∆S, Ad 0<0. Based on the magnitude of ∆H, Ad 0<0, it was concluded that the studied adsorption process is a physisorption one.
研究了合成的NiO-SiO2NPs作为新型吸附剂去除水中亚甲基蓝染料的适用性。采用BET、FT-IR、XRD、SEM、EDS等技术对该吸附剂进行了表征。研究表明，NiO-SiO2NPs是一种有效的、合适的、低成本的吸附剂，可用于去除水中的MB染料。研究了pH、吸附剂用量(dose)、MB染料初始浓度(C0)、接触时间(tc)和温度(T)对MB染料在NiO-SiO2NPs上去除率(Ad%)的影响，并确定了各因素的最优值(pH=7、剂量=0.1g、C0=30 mg/L、tc=15 min, T=298.0 K)。实验平衡数据符合常规等温线模型，因此Langmuir等温线对实验数据的解释适用性较好，MB染料对SiO2和NiO-SiO2NPs的最大吸附量分别约为117.0和140.0 mg/g。通过动力学实验研究了吸附动力学，拟二级动力学与动力学结果吻合较好。考虑温度对吸附量的影响，研究了吸附过程的热力学行为，结果表明，在使用温度范围内，吸附过程是自发的(∆G, Ad 0<0)，在∆S, Ad 0<0时，吸附过程是放热的(∆H, Ad 0<0)。根据∆H, Ad 0<0的大小，可知所研究的吸附过程为物理吸附过程。
{"title":"Adsorption of Methylene blue (MB) dye Using NiO-SiO2NPs Synthesized from Aqueous Solutions: Optimization, kinetic and equilibrium studies","authors":"Shanaz Davoudi","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.526904.4630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.526904.4630","url":null,"abstract":"The applicability of the synthesized NiO-SiO2NPs as a novel adsorbent for eliminating Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous media was investigated. Various techniques including BET, FT-IR, XRD, SEM and EDS were used to characterize this novel adsorbent. The investigation showed the applicability of NiO-SiO2NPs as an available, suitable and low-cost adsorbent for proper removing of MB dye from aqueous media. The effect of pH, adsorbent dosage (dose), initial MB dye concentration (C0) contact time (tc) and temperature (T) on the removal percentage (Ad%) of MB dye onto NiO-SiO2NPs was studied and the optimum value of each factor was determined (pH=7, dose=0.1g, C0=30 mg/L, tc=15 min and T=298.0 K). The experimental equilibrium data was fitted to the conventional isotherm models and accordingly Langmuir isotherm has good applicability for the explanation of experimental data with maximum adsorption capacity of the MB dye for SiO2 and NiO-SiO2NPs were roughly 117.0 and 140.0 mg/g respectively. Kinetics experiments were performed to investigate the adsorption kinetics, the pseudo-second-order kinetics coincided quite with the kinetic results. The thermodynamic behavior of the adsorption process was studied by considering the effect of temperature on the adsorption capacity, where the results showed that the process is spontaneous (∆G, Ad 0<0) at used temperature range and exothermic (∆H, Ad 0<0) with ∆S, Ad 0<0. Based on the magnitude of ∆H, Ad 0<0, it was concluded that the studied adsorption process is a physisorption one.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77892495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-28DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.530993.4758
R. Razavi, Mahnaz Amiri, Payam Khazalei, Mahsa Ziasistani, M. Ranjbar, Meysam Ahmadi, Davoud Kalantari
Protecting the hair, skin, or products of itself are utilized by sunscreen filter which was frequently blocked hazardous UV-Vis radiation. . Considering its photoprotective impact on the skin facing the radiation of ultraviolet and visible, TiO2 is a common and cost-efficient photocatalytic structures utilized in sunscreens. In this research, the continual process was done to optimize the green synthesized of TiO2 nanoparticles and nanocomposites through a new, easy, cost-efficient and quick approach to make nanostructures utilizing a sonochemistry method. SiO2, Al2O3, ZnO and MnO were utilized to compose with green synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles for this purpose. The samples were recognized by XRD, FT-IR, DLS and SEM. Also, the cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity were assessed. DFT computation was performed to identify the connected energy and band gap energy of nanocomposites by B3LYP/Lan2DZ quantum approach. TiO2/Al2O3 showed a lower size and the lowest agglomeration than synthesized TiO2 and other nanocomposites. Furthermore, all samples indicated strong antibacterial activity against investigated bacteria due to cell death caused by membrane permeability increase and bacterial wall integrity disruption. Nanostructures has cytotoxicity with low level on A172 cells. The only exception is TiO2/ZnO which indicated a potent index of cytotoxicity on the cancerous cell lines as demonstrated by low IC50 value of 50 ppm. Relative energy and band gap of nanocomposites indicated that TiO2/Al2O3 has the best stability in chemical and biochemical medium among other nanocomposites. These green synthesized TiO2/Al2O3 nanostructures may have promising application in nanoformulation to combat bacterial infections in the future.
{"title":"Investigation of antibacterial and cytotoxicity effect of green synthesized TiO2 nanocomposites, an experimental and theoretical study","authors":"R. Razavi, Mahnaz Amiri, Payam Khazalei, Mahsa Ziasistani, M. Ranjbar, Meysam Ahmadi, Davoud Kalantari","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.530993.4758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.530993.4758","url":null,"abstract":"Protecting the hair, skin, or products of itself are utilized by sunscreen filter which was frequently blocked hazardous UV-Vis radiation. . Considering its photoprotective impact on the skin facing the radiation of ultraviolet and visible, TiO2 is a common and cost-efficient photocatalytic structures utilized in sunscreens. In this research, the continual process was done to optimize the green synthesized of TiO2 nanoparticles and nanocomposites through a new, easy, cost-efficient and quick approach to make nanostructures utilizing a sonochemistry method. SiO2, Al2O3, ZnO and MnO were utilized to compose with green synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles for this purpose. The samples were recognized by XRD, FT-IR, DLS and SEM. Also, the cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity were assessed. DFT computation was performed to identify the connected energy and band gap energy of nanocomposites by B3LYP/Lan2DZ quantum approach. TiO2/Al2O3 showed a lower size and the lowest agglomeration than synthesized TiO2 and other nanocomposites. Furthermore, all samples indicated strong antibacterial activity against investigated bacteria due to cell death caused by membrane permeability increase and bacterial wall integrity disruption. Nanostructures has cytotoxicity with low level on A172 cells. The only exception is TiO2/ZnO which indicated a potent index of cytotoxicity on the cancerous cell lines as demonstrated by low IC50 value of 50 ppm. Relative energy and band gap of nanocomposites indicated that TiO2/Al2O3 has the best stability in chemical and biochemical medium among other nanocomposites. These green synthesized TiO2/Al2O3 nanostructures may have promising application in nanoformulation to combat bacterial infections in the future.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78013959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-28DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.118941.3887
Shra Balilehvand, H. Behnejad, Hassan Fathollahi
The aim of the current study is to compare thermal decomposition kinetics of three 1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triazinane (RDX) based explosives, containing A4, H6, and PBXW-108 using TGA/DSC experimental techniques and analytical methods. The experimental part of the study performed non-isothermally at 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 °C min-1 heating rates. A complementary approach which is a combination of model free isoconversional methods and model fitting methods was carried out to achieve more accurate results for the kinetic parameters. Moreover, Arrhenius parameters were determined by non-isoconversional Kissinger’s method. The values of the self-accelerating decomposition temperature (TSADT)and the critical ignition temperature (Tb) were also calculated. The results indicated that PBXW-108, a plastic bonded explosive, in comparison to H6 and A4 has the highest pre-exponential factor and activation energy of decomposition. Moreover, TSADT and Tb of PBXW-108 are higher than those of A4 and H6. Therefore, PBXW-108 can be introduced as a safer alternative to traditional A4 and H6 explosives. According to the obtained results, the contracting area model (R2) is the best choice for describing both PBXW-108 and H6 decompositions, while the F1/3 model is the suitable one for A4.
{"title":"Investigation of Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Some RDX Based Material","authors":"Shra Balilehvand, H. Behnejad, Hassan Fathollahi","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.118941.3887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.118941.3887","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current study is to compare thermal decomposition kinetics of three 1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triazinane (RDX) based explosives, containing A4, H6, and PBXW-108 using TGA/DSC experimental techniques and analytical methods. The experimental part of the study performed non-isothermally at 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 °C min-1 heating rates. A complementary approach which is a combination of model free isoconversional methods and model fitting methods was carried out to achieve more accurate results for the kinetic parameters. Moreover, Arrhenius parameters were determined by non-isoconversional Kissinger’s method. The values of the self-accelerating decomposition temperature (TSADT)and the critical ignition temperature (Tb) were also calculated. The results indicated that PBXW-108, a plastic bonded explosive, in comparison to H6 and A4 has the highest pre-exponential factor and activation energy of decomposition. Moreover, TSADT and Tb of PBXW-108 are higher than those of A4 and H6. Therefore, PBXW-108 can be introduced as a safer alternative to traditional A4 and H6 explosives. According to the obtained results, the contracting area model (R2) is the best choice for describing both PBXW-108 and H6 decompositions, while the F1/3 model is the suitable one for A4.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85191349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-28DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.124611.4078
B. Vahid, Mahdi Fanaee
The treatment of C.I. Direct Red 23 (DR23) solution has been investigated by the ozonation under UV irradiation (O3/UV) in a recirculating semi-pilot mode. Decolorization efficiency (DE%) of DR23 was compared using the O3 and O3/UV processes, which was74.9% and 92.7% after 30-min treatment of the dye (100 mg/dm3), respectively. Then, the effect of experimental parameters on the O3/UV process including initial dye concentration, ozone mass flow rate and initial pH was studied. The obtained results revealed that the decolorization efficiency increased by enhancement of ozone amount and decreasing of the DR23 concentration; the decolorization process was performed efficiently at the basic condition (pH= 10) due to the production of extra hydroxyl radicals. The pseudo-first order kinetic was observed for the dye decolorization. Electrical energy per order decreases using the O3/UV process at the desired pH 10 indicating adequate synergistic effect of the photolysis and ozonation. Eventually, central composite design (CCD) approach was properly applied for prediction of the DE% with appropriate performance (R2 = 98.52%) and optimization of the process.
{"title":"Treatment of Direct Red 23 in recirculating semi-pilot system by O3/UV process: Operational parameters effect and central composite design modeling","authors":"B. Vahid, Mahdi Fanaee","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.124611.4078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.124611.4078","url":null,"abstract":"The treatment of C.I. Direct Red 23 (DR23) solution has been investigated by the ozonation under UV irradiation (O3/UV) in a recirculating semi-pilot mode. Decolorization efficiency (DE%) of DR23 was compared using the O3 and O3/UV processes, which was74.9% and 92.7% after 30-min treatment of the dye (100 mg/dm3), respectively. Then, the effect of experimental parameters on the O3/UV process including initial dye concentration, ozone mass flow rate and initial pH was studied. The obtained results revealed that the decolorization efficiency increased by enhancement of ozone amount and decreasing of the DR23 concentration; the decolorization process was performed efficiently at the basic condition (pH= 10) due to the production of extra hydroxyl radicals. The pseudo-first order kinetic was observed for the dye decolorization. Electrical energy per order decreases using the O3/UV process at the desired pH 10 indicating adequate synergistic effect of the photolysis and ozonation. Eventually, central composite design (CCD) approach was properly applied for prediction of the DE% with appropriate performance (R2 = 98.52%) and optimization of the process.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74963260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-28DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.530629.4739
N. Norouzi, M. Fani
This research aims to introduce an efficient power cycle that simultaneously produces power and hydrogen by PEM electrolyzer. This cycle is driven by geothermal energy. Comprehensive thermodynamic modeling (energy and exergy) has been performed to compare four different operating fluids' performance on the proposed system. EES software was used for modeling. A parametric study has also been applied to investigate the effect of important parameters on the system's energy and exergy performance. As a brief novelty statement, the unique model can be mentioned in which both power and chemicals can be produced, and hydrogen output can be used as a storage system that transforms energy into an energy carrier. The results showed that R245fa operating fluid with 3.5% and %67.6 of energy and exergy efficiency had the highest performance. The operating fluids R114, R600, and R236fa are also in the next ranks of performance characteristics. As the geothermal fluid temperature increases, the production of power and hydrogen increases, but the energy and exergy efficiency decrease. Also, it can be noted that the hydrogen unit significantly increases the exergy efficiency of the plant. As an example, in the R245fa case, it increases from 36% to 67.6%.
{"title":"Energy and Exergy analysis and selection of the appropriate operating fluid for a combined power and hydrogen production system using a Geothermal fueled ORC and a PEM electrolyzer","authors":"N. Norouzi, M. Fani","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.530629.4739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.530629.4739","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to introduce an efficient power cycle that simultaneously produces power and hydrogen by PEM electrolyzer. This cycle is driven by geothermal energy. Comprehensive thermodynamic modeling (energy and exergy) has been performed to compare four different operating fluids' performance on the proposed system. EES software was used for modeling. A parametric study has also been applied to investigate the effect of important parameters on the system's energy and exergy performance. As a brief novelty statement, the unique model can be mentioned in which both power and chemicals can be produced, and hydrogen output can be used as a storage system that transforms energy into an energy carrier. The results showed that R245fa operating fluid with 3.5% and %67.6 of energy and exergy efficiency had the highest performance. The operating fluids R114, R600, and R236fa are also in the next ranks of performance characteristics. As the geothermal fluid temperature increases, the production of power and hydrogen increases, but the energy and exergy efficiency decrease. Also, it can be noted that the hydrogen unit significantly increases the exergy efficiency of the plant. As an example, in the R245fa case, it increases from 36% to 67.6%.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89863115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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