Pub Date : 2021-08-09DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.528164.4669
N. Norouzi, S. Talebi
Chemical looping combustion is one of the novel technologies in energy, which can co-generate hydrogen and power with an efficient carbon capture process to control the system’s emission. This system’s carbon capture process is one of the main processes to achieve the United nations’ environmental goals and other climate change control agencies. This paper aims to study Designing a Natural Gas Direct Chemical Looping Carbon capture and Formic acid Hydrogen storage system for a combined cycle power plant and analyze it with energy, exergy, and environmental factors. The model was implemented on a 500 MW combined cycle power plant unit in Iran, and the results show that if the model is implemented on the plant, overall energy efficiency can be increased by 33%. Furthermore, according to the references, the carbon emissions decreased more than 93%, which is an achievable target using the Chemical looping combustion.
{"title":"Exergy, Economical and Environmental analysis of a natural gas Direct Chemical Looping Carbon capture and Formic acid-based hydrogen storage system","authors":"N. Norouzi, S. Talebi","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.528164.4669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.528164.4669","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical looping combustion is one of the novel technologies in energy, which can co-generate hydrogen and power with an efficient carbon capture process to control the system’s emission. This system’s carbon capture process is one of the main processes to achieve the United nations’ environmental goals and other climate change control agencies. This paper aims to study Designing a Natural Gas Direct Chemical Looping Carbon capture and Formic acid Hydrogen storage system for a combined cycle power plant and analyze it with energy, exergy, and environmental factors. The model was implemented on a 500 MW combined cycle power plant unit in Iran, and the results show that if the model is implemented on the plant, overall energy efficiency can be increased by 33%. Furthermore, according to the references, the carbon emissions decreased more than 93%, which is an achievable target using the Chemical looping combustion.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"553 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85743476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-09DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.524000.4556
Maryam Iran Manesh, M. Sohrabi, S. Mortazavinik
In this study, nanoscale zero-valent iron-graphene (nZVI-G) composite was synthesized and applied for the removal of diazo Direct Red 81 from aqueous solution. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The particle size was in the range of 20 to 35 nm. The effect of influential experimental variables on dye removal such as contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, and the temperature was investigated. In optimum conditions, including contact time of 10 min, pH = 3, the adsorbent dosage of 0.05 g, and initial dye concentration=10 mg/l, dye removal was achieved 92%. Different adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir and Freundlich) were used and adsorption followed Langmuir isotherm well (R2= 0.9773). The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of nZVI-G was obtained 29.07 mg g-1. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model with R2=0.9838 fitted well to the experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters (∆G,∆H,∆S) were calculated and the results revealed that the adsorption of dye was spontaneous and exothermic. The nZVI-G composite was found to be a low-cost potential candidate with high adsorption capability to be applied as an adsorbent for the removal of Direct Red 81 from the aqueous media. Reduction degradation reaction which rapidly produces radicals has a major effect on reaction time. This nanoadsorbent has the ability to adsorb, reduction and degradation of pollutants, so the dye was removed efficiently.
{"title":"Novel adsorbent nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on graphene for the removal of diazo Direct Red 81 from aqueous solution: Isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic studies","authors":"Maryam Iran Manesh, M. Sohrabi, S. Mortazavinik","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.524000.4556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.524000.4556","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, nanoscale zero-valent iron-graphene (nZVI-G) composite was synthesized and applied for the removal of diazo Direct Red 81 from aqueous solution. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The particle size was in the range of 20 to 35 nm. The effect of influential experimental variables on dye removal such as contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, and the temperature was investigated. In optimum conditions, including contact time of 10 min, pH = 3, the adsorbent dosage of 0.05 g, and initial dye concentration=10 mg/l, dye removal was achieved 92%. Different adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir and Freundlich) were used and adsorption followed Langmuir isotherm well (R2= 0.9773). The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of nZVI-G was obtained 29.07 mg g-1. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model with R2=0.9838 fitted well to the experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters (∆G,∆H,∆S) were calculated and the results revealed that the adsorption of dye was spontaneous and exothermic. The nZVI-G composite was found to be a low-cost potential candidate with high adsorption capability to be applied as an adsorbent for the removal of Direct Red 81 from the aqueous media. Reduction degradation reaction which rapidly produces radicals has a major effect on reaction time. This nanoadsorbent has the ability to adsorb, reduction and degradation of pollutants, so the dye was removed efficiently.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82191067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-09DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.522944.4520
M. Ebrahimi, M. Rezaee, S. Shoeibi
Melamine is a high nitrogen compound used as an adulteration to high protein foods such as infant formulae. There are many different methods for extraction and analysis of melamine which are time-consuming, complex, and need large volumes of organic solvents.A validated method for extraction and cleanup of melamine (MEL) in infant formulae, water, and powdered coffee creamer was developed using a Nanographene oxide (NGO) assisted with electromembrane extraction (NGO/EME) followed by HPLC-UV detection. Supported liquid membrane (SLM) with NGO was used as the adsorbent interface in this study. Synthesized NGO was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Effective parameters such as voltage magnitude, SLM solvent, pH of acceptor and donor phases, extraction time, and stirring rate were optimized. The method provided the LOD and LOQ 0.03, and 0.1µg/kg in infant formula, respectively. The accuracy was in the satisfaction recovery rate between 106-109% with RSD 4.83-5.31 for infant formulae as well as the other tested matrices. The developed method based on NGO/EME extraction presents a reliable and rapid analysis for melamine in infant formula.
{"title":"Developed and rapid extraction of melamine in infant formulae by combined electromembrane with nanographene oxide reinforced hollow fiber","authors":"M. Ebrahimi, M. Rezaee, S. Shoeibi","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.522944.4520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.522944.4520","url":null,"abstract":"Melamine is a high nitrogen compound used as an adulteration to high protein foods such as infant formulae. There are many different methods for extraction and analysis of melamine which are time-consuming, complex, and need large volumes of organic solvents.A validated method for extraction and cleanup of melamine (MEL) in infant formulae, water, and powdered coffee creamer was developed using a Nanographene oxide (NGO) assisted with electromembrane extraction (NGO/EME) followed by HPLC-UV detection. Supported liquid membrane (SLM) with NGO was used as the adsorbent interface in this study. Synthesized NGO was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Effective parameters such as voltage magnitude, SLM solvent, pH of acceptor and donor phases, extraction time, and stirring rate were optimized. The method provided the LOD and LOQ 0.03, and 0.1µg/kg in infant formula, respectively. The accuracy was in the satisfaction recovery rate between 106-109% with RSD 4.83-5.31 for infant formulae as well as the other tested matrices. The developed method based on NGO/EME extraction presents a reliable and rapid analysis for melamine in infant formula.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87665311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-09DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.140251.4439
A. Mollahosseini, Reza Dadashvand-nigjeh, M. Alimoradi, M. Ramezani
In this work, the optimization of the synthesis of PAN/Ag nanofiber composites via electrospinning was investigated via Taguchi experimental design approach. The adsorption capacity of sulfur compounds from natural gas condensate was considered as an objective function. The PAN/Ag nanofiber with 11 wt% PAN, 45 wt% AgNO3, 15 kV applied voltage, and 15 cm for distance of needle to a collector showed the highest adsorption capacity. The SEM, EDX, TEM, XRD, and FT-IR techniques were employed to elucidate the optimized PAN/Ag nanofiber structure. The results showed the successful synthesis of PAN/Ag nanofibers with diameters in 100-300 nm range and well distribution of Ag nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix. In addition, optimization of the adsorption capacity of PAN/Ag nanofiber in desulfurization of natural gas condensate in batch mode was performed via central composite design. Four factors including adsorbent weight, sulfur concentration in the natural gas condensate, the volume of sample, and the adsorption time were considered as effective factors each in three levels. The ANOVA analysis showed the more important factors on adsorbent performance are the concentration of sulfur in gas condensate and the weight of the adsorbent. The interaction terms between time and concentration and between volume and concentration are also important in response. Moreover, the response surface analysis of interaction terms showed the adsorptive nature of desulfurization.
{"title":"Polyacrylonitrile/Ag nanoparticles nanofibers as an efficient adsorbent for natural gas condensate desulfurization","authors":"A. Mollahosseini, Reza Dadashvand-nigjeh, M. Alimoradi, M. Ramezani","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.140251.4439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.140251.4439","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the optimization of the synthesis of PAN/Ag nanofiber composites via electrospinning was investigated via Taguchi experimental design approach. The adsorption capacity of sulfur compounds from natural gas condensate was considered as an objective function. The PAN/Ag nanofiber with 11 wt% PAN, 45 wt% AgNO3, 15 kV applied voltage, and 15 cm for distance of needle to a collector showed the highest adsorption capacity. The SEM, EDX, TEM, XRD, and FT-IR techniques were employed to elucidate the optimized PAN/Ag nanofiber structure. The results showed the successful synthesis of PAN/Ag nanofibers with diameters in 100-300 nm range and well distribution of Ag nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix. In addition, optimization of the adsorption capacity of PAN/Ag nanofiber in desulfurization of natural gas condensate in batch mode was performed via central composite design. Four factors including adsorbent weight, sulfur concentration in the natural gas condensate, the volume of sample, and the adsorption time were considered as effective factors each in three levels. The ANOVA analysis showed the more important factors on adsorbent performance are the concentration of sulfur in gas condensate and the weight of the adsorbent. The interaction terms between time and concentration and between volume and concentration are also important in response. Moreover, the response surface analysis of interaction terms showed the adsorptive nature of desulfurization.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78668482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-09DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.520989.4467
S. Zolghadri, Fatemeh Mosalanezhad, Mahbubeh Naderpoor, Razieh Bordbar, A. Asadzadeh, Ali Ghanbariasad, Mehdi Ghavamizadeh
Recently, Schiff base complexes as synthetic antioxidants are widely used instead of natural antioxidants because they are effective and cheaper. In this study, a series of α,ά-Me2-salen, (N,N´-ethylenebis(α methylsalicylideneiminate)) Schiff base derivatives have been investigated toward their anti-histone deacetylase (HDAC), anticancer, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. For anti HDAC studies, AUTODOCK 4.1 and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation have been conducted against these combinations. Cytotoxic test, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) ABTS assays and Agar diffusion method have been applied to investigate anticancer, antioxidant and antibacterial activities, respectively. Based on the results, the best docking was obtained for α,ά-Me2-salen against HDAC. Also, MD calculation results demonstrated that the α,ά-Me2-salen is more effective compound for HDAC inhibiting than SAHA as a known enzyme inhibitor. However, α,ά-Me2-salen and its derivatives didn't display antibacterial activity against any of the microorganisms. Cytotoxic activity analysis toward MCF 7 cell line were apparent that α,ά-Me2-salen and its Ni (II), Co (II), and Cu (II) derivatives manifested high cytotoxic activity with IC50 5, 2, 2 and 3 µg ml−1, respectively. The antioxidant results were revealed excellent radical scavenging activities of all these compounds against DPPH, ABTS and FRAP radicals. The antioxidant activity by DPPH, showed Mn(II) complex (IC50 = 0.13 ± 0.50 mg/ml) was the most active. While, α,ά-Me2-salen (IC50 =0.05±0.003 mg/ml) and its Ni(II) derivative (IC50 =0.049 mg/ml) exhibited the highest ABTS scavenging activity. According to results, all compounds show acceptable anticancer and antioxidant activity and can be used as drug candidates after further investigations.
{"title":"The evaluation of the anti-Histone deacetylase, antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of synthetic N,N´-ethylenebis(α methylsalicylideneiminate) Schiff base derivatives","authors":"S. Zolghadri, Fatemeh Mosalanezhad, Mahbubeh Naderpoor, Razieh Bordbar, A. Asadzadeh, Ali Ghanbariasad, Mehdi Ghavamizadeh","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.520989.4467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.520989.4467","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, Schiff base complexes as synthetic antioxidants are widely used instead of natural antioxidants because they are effective and cheaper. In this study, a series of α,ά-Me2-salen, (N,N´-ethylenebis(α methylsalicylideneiminate)) Schiff base derivatives have been investigated toward their anti-histone deacetylase (HDAC), anticancer, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. For anti HDAC studies, AUTODOCK 4.1 and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation have been conducted against these combinations. Cytotoxic test, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) ABTS assays and Agar diffusion method have been applied to investigate anticancer, antioxidant and antibacterial activities, respectively. Based on the results, the best docking was obtained for α,ά-Me2-salen against HDAC. Also, MD calculation results demonstrated that the α,ά-Me2-salen is more effective compound for HDAC inhibiting than SAHA as a known enzyme inhibitor. However, α,ά-Me2-salen and its derivatives didn't display antibacterial activity against any of the microorganisms. Cytotoxic activity analysis toward MCF 7 cell line were apparent that α,ά-Me2-salen and its Ni (II), Co (II), and Cu (II) derivatives manifested high cytotoxic activity with IC50 5, 2, 2 and 3 µg ml−1, respectively. The antioxidant results were revealed excellent radical scavenging activities of all these compounds against DPPH, ABTS and FRAP radicals. The antioxidant activity by DPPH, showed Mn(II) complex (IC50 = 0.13 ± 0.50 mg/ml) was the most active. While, α,ά-Me2-salen (IC50 =0.05±0.003 mg/ml) and its Ni(II) derivative (IC50 =0.049 mg/ml) exhibited the highest ABTS scavenging activity. According to results, all compounds show acceptable anticancer and antioxidant activity and can be used as drug candidates after further investigations.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80135118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-09DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.141462.4442
Hossein Khajehpour, N. Norouzi, Zahra Jafarabadi, Ghassem Valizadeh, Mohammad Hemmati
In this paper, energy, exergy, and exergoeconomic analysis is performed on the recent trend of joint production of liquefied natural gas and natural gas liquids based on Mixed fluid cascade most important refrigeration systems. The proposed process is first simulated and exergticly analyzed, and finally, an economic model is used to analyze the exergoeconomic performance. The results include the cost of exergy destruction, exergoeconomic factors, and exergy efficiency. The exergy analysis results show that the proposed process’s exergy efficiency is about 53.84%, and the destruction rate is 42618 kW with LNG and NGL production rates of 69.00 kg/s and 27.42 kg/s, respectively. Also, results show that the maximum exergoeconomic factor, which is 69.53%, is related to the second compressor in the liquefaction cycle. The lowest exergoeconomic factor, which is 0.67%, is related to the fourth heat exchanger in the liquefaction cycle. In this process, the distillation tower has the highest relative cost variation (100.81), and the first air cooler in the liquefaction cycle has the smallest relative cost difference (1.08). One of the most costly economic factors is the cost of exergy destruction rates. The second heat exchanger has the exergy destruction cost (768.93 $/GJ), and the first air cooler in the liquefaction cycle has the lowest exergy destruction cost (19.38 $/GJ).
{"title":"Energy, exergy, and exergoeconomic (3E) analysis of gas liquefaction and gas associated liquids recovery co-process based on the mixed fluid cascade refrigeration systems","authors":"Hossein Khajehpour, N. Norouzi, Zahra Jafarabadi, Ghassem Valizadeh, Mohammad Hemmati","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.141462.4442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.141462.4442","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, energy, exergy, and exergoeconomic analysis is performed on the recent trend of joint production of liquefied natural gas and natural gas liquids based on Mixed fluid cascade most important refrigeration systems. The proposed process is first simulated and exergticly analyzed, and finally, an economic model is used to analyze the exergoeconomic performance. The results include the cost of exergy destruction, exergoeconomic factors, and exergy efficiency. The exergy analysis results show that the proposed process’s exergy efficiency is about 53.84%, and the destruction rate is 42618 kW with LNG and NGL production rates of 69.00 kg/s and 27.42 kg/s, respectively. Also, results show that the maximum exergoeconomic factor, which is 69.53%, is related to the second compressor in the liquefaction cycle. The lowest exergoeconomic factor, which is 0.67%, is related to the fourth heat exchanger in the liquefaction cycle. In this process, the distillation tower has the highest relative cost variation (100.81), and the first air cooler in the liquefaction cycle has the smallest relative cost difference (1.08). One of the most costly economic factors is the cost of exergy destruction rates. The second heat exchanger has the exergy destruction cost (768.93 $/GJ), and the first air cooler in the liquefaction cycle has the lowest exergy destruction cost (19.38 $/GJ).","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75042152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-09DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.523431.4536
F. Derakhshanfard, Samira Ghazanchaie, L. Amirkhani
Expandable Polystyrene (EPS) is one of the most used polymers. Preparation of this polymer by conventional method has some problems which causes the synthesis process to be difficult and quality of the prepared EPS to decrease. In this study, Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) has been added to improve some properties of prepared polymer and Multi-stage Initiator Dosing (MID) method has been used to reduce the time of the polymerization which increases the polymer’s production capacity. SBS has been added to EPS in shares of 2%wt, 4%wt and 6%wt. Polydispersity index (PDI) test and the amount of the tension in yield point of the polymer has been checked. The amount of absorbed pentane on the polymer studied. The amount of residual monomer on the polymer has been investigated. All of the studies happened in different conditions like: different percentages of initiator, different number of dosings and different time periods of first stage of the polymerization. Experimental data has been simulated by Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) methods of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The performance of simulation for RBF method was better than MLP method due to having strong scientific foundation and also the ability of filtering noises. The experimental data show that the increase in SBS causes improvement in properties like: elongation at break, better pentane absorption and PDI amount has improved, which show better distribution of molecular weight and decrease in residual monomer in products.
{"title":"Preparation of expandable polystyrene by multi-stage initiator dosing/ styrene-butadiene-styrene blends with application of artificial neural networks","authors":"F. Derakhshanfard, Samira Ghazanchaie, L. Amirkhani","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.523431.4536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.523431.4536","url":null,"abstract":"Expandable Polystyrene (EPS) is one of the most used polymers. Preparation of this polymer by conventional method has some problems which causes the synthesis process to be difficult and quality of the prepared EPS to decrease. In this study, Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) has been added to improve some properties of prepared polymer and Multi-stage Initiator Dosing (MID) method has been used to reduce the time of the polymerization which increases the polymer’s production capacity. SBS has been added to EPS in shares of 2%wt, 4%wt and 6%wt. Polydispersity index (PDI) test and the amount of the tension in yield point of the polymer has been checked. The amount of absorbed pentane on the polymer studied. The amount of residual monomer on the polymer has been investigated. All of the studies happened in different conditions like: different percentages of initiator, different number of dosings and different time periods of first stage of the polymerization. Experimental data has been simulated by Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) methods of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The performance of simulation for RBF method was better than MLP method due to having strong scientific foundation and also the ability of filtering noises. The experimental data show that the increase in SBS causes improvement in properties like: elongation at break, better pentane absorption and PDI amount has improved, which show better distribution of molecular weight and decrease in residual monomer in products.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86994946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-07DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.128624.4168
Baouali Nazim Younes, Nibou Djamel, A. Samira
NaY zeolite was impregnated by TiO2 to prepare novel catalyst for the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS and FTIR techniques. The percentage adsorption of MB on NaY reaches 88% and adsorption capacity of 6.55 mg/g under optimized parameters ([MB] = 10 mg/L, pH = 6, S/L = 2 mg/L and T = 25°C). The MB adsorption process follows Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters were investigated and showed an endothermic and physical process. The MB adsorption also follows a pseudo second-order kinetic. The photo-degradation of the MB dye was successfully carried out on the TiO2/NaY catalyst under sunlight. The MB photo-degradation also follows a Langmuir-Hinshelwood first-order kinetic.
{"title":"NaY zeolite and TiO2 impregnated NaY zeolite for the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue under Sunlight","authors":"Baouali Nazim Younes, Nibou Djamel, A. Samira","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.128624.4168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.128624.4168","url":null,"abstract":"NaY zeolite was impregnated by TiO2 to prepare novel catalyst for the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS and FTIR techniques. The percentage adsorption of MB on NaY reaches 88% and adsorption capacity of 6.55 mg/g under optimized parameters ([MB] = 10 mg/L, pH = 6, S/L = 2 mg/L and T = 25°C). The MB adsorption process follows Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters were investigated and showed an endothermic and physical process. The MB adsorption also follows a pseudo second-order kinetic. The photo-degradation of the MB dye was successfully carried out on the TiO2/NaY catalyst under sunlight. The MB photo-degradation also follows a Langmuir-Hinshelwood first-order kinetic.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89972587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-07DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.139749.4425
Z. Hank, Djedouani Djamila, M. Chabani
Carbon materials are gaining importance in catalytic processes. In this respect, the authors studied the most important characteristics of these materials when employed as catalysts for the removal of pollutants from wastewaters.X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to characterized Charcoal Activated (CA) derived from chemical activation of peanut hulls. The key physical characteristics of the solids used in heterogeneous catalysis are the pore volume, the pore distribution, iodine number, oxygen surface groups, and the specific surface area.The combined microwave radiation-CA catalytic activity was assessed through the degradation of Oxytetracycline (OXT) under different irradiation times, initial concentrations, and acidity of the OXT solution. Furthermore, the effect of additional amounts of derived CA on the degradation was assessed.A higher removal rate of OXT contaminant by a combined MW-CA process was a synergic effect and achieved at a low concentration of OXT and pH 3 (which is the pH range of OXT solution). Furthermore, an additional amount of CA increased removal efficiency. These favorable properties make carbon a viable alternative for use as a catalyst with no residual intermediates or secondary pollution.
{"title":"Combined microwave-peanut hull based activated carbon process in the removal of oxytetracycline (OXT) from aqueous solution","authors":"Z. Hank, Djedouani Djamila, M. Chabani","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.139749.4425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.139749.4425","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon materials are gaining importance in catalytic processes. In this respect, the authors studied the most important characteristics of these materials when employed as catalysts for the removal of pollutants from wastewaters.X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to characterized Charcoal Activated (CA) derived from chemical activation of peanut hulls. The key physical characteristics of the solids used in heterogeneous catalysis are the pore volume, the pore distribution, iodine number, oxygen surface groups, and the specific surface area.The combined microwave radiation-CA catalytic activity was assessed through the degradation of Oxytetracycline (OXT) under different irradiation times, initial concentrations, and acidity of the OXT solution. Furthermore, the effect of additional amounts of derived CA on the degradation was assessed.A higher removal rate of OXT contaminant by a combined MW-CA process was a synergic effect and achieved at a low concentration of OXT and pH 3 (which is the pH range of OXT solution). Furthermore, an additional amount of CA increased removal efficiency. These favorable properties make carbon a viable alternative for use as a catalyst with no residual intermediates or secondary pollution.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78405701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-07DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.128278.4153
S. Sastry
The growing energy demand and depletion of the conventional energy resources presented a need for alternative reliable source of energy that can readily replace the conventional fuels like diesel and petrol. In the current work, biodiesel is synthesized from Karanja oil by using transesterification. The yield is obtained at varying KOH concentrations (1 wt %, 1.5 wt %, 2 wt %), varying molar ratios of methanol:oil (3:1, 4.5:1, 6:1) and varying times (15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min). The optimal conditions from experiment are obtained as temperature of 50° C, reaction time of 45 minutes, methanol-oil ratio of 4.5:1 and catalyst concentration of 1.5 %. The viscosity of biodiesel is found to be between 0.036 - 0.038 stokes. Optimum conditions obtained were compared with the statistics available in literature. The produced biodiesel from Karanja oil conform to the ASTM D6751 standards. The produced biodiesel is characterized using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) Analysis and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Further Artificial Intelligence techniques namely Support Vector Machine, Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization have been used for predicting the optimum conditions of the biodiesel production. The predicted yield with Support Vector Machine is compared with yield obtained from experiments. The SVM accurately predicted the experimental results with the R2 = 0.999. PSO and GA can effectively be used as a tool for predicting the optimum parameters for biodiesel production.
{"title":"Prediction of Optimum Process Parameters for Karanja Biodiesel Production using Support Vector Machine, Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization","authors":"S. Sastry","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.128278.4153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.128278.4153","url":null,"abstract":"The growing energy demand and depletion of the conventional energy resources presented a need for alternative reliable source of energy that can readily replace the conventional fuels like diesel and petrol. In the current work, biodiesel is synthesized from Karanja oil by using transesterification. The yield is obtained at varying KOH concentrations (1 wt %, 1.5 wt %, 2 wt %), varying molar ratios of methanol:oil (3:1, 4.5:1, 6:1) and varying times (15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min). The optimal conditions from experiment are obtained as temperature of 50° C, reaction time of 45 minutes, methanol-oil ratio of 4.5:1 and catalyst concentration of 1.5 %. The viscosity of biodiesel is found to be between 0.036 - 0.038 stokes. Optimum conditions obtained were compared with the statistics available in literature. The produced biodiesel from Karanja oil conform to the ASTM D6751 standards. The produced biodiesel is characterized using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) Analysis and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Further Artificial Intelligence techniques namely Support Vector Machine, Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization have been used for predicting the optimum conditions of the biodiesel production. The predicted yield with Support Vector Machine is compared with yield obtained from experiments. The SVM accurately predicted the experimental results with the R2 = 0.999. PSO and GA can effectively be used as a tool for predicting the optimum parameters for biodiesel production.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87725477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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