Pub Date : 2021-09-28DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.527025.4636
F. Marahel, Bijan Mombeni Goodajdar, Neda Basri, L. Niknam, Amir Abbas Ghazali
ABSTRACT: The applicability of the synthesized Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4NPs as a novel adsorbent for eliminating Methyl Paraben (MP) from aqueous media was investigated. Various techniques including Brunauer Emmett Teller theory (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to characterize this novel adsorbent. The maximum adsorption efficiency of (MP) dye onto Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4 NPs was 98.6% at optimum pH value of 7.0, adsorbent dosage of 0.01 g, (MP) dye concentration of 15 mg/L, and contact time of 12 min were considered as the ideal values for (MP) dye. The adsorption data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.97), whereas the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The use of artificial neural network model in predicting data with Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, purlin or a linear transfer function at output layer, and training was helpful. ANN model as a tool (mean square error) MSEANN = 0.0034, MSEFL = 0.023 and MSEANFIS = 0.0020 for removal of the (MP) dye onto Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4 NPs synthesis. Thermodynamic parameters of free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0) and entropy (ΔS0) of adsorption were determined using isotherms. ∆H0=59.58 kJ/mol, ∆G0= -2.8324 kJ/mol and ∆S0=221.15 kJ/mol. K. The value of (ΔGo, ΔHo and ΔSo) confirmed the sorption process was endothermic reflects the affinity of Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4NPs for removing (MP) dye onto Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4NPs process requires heat. The maximum monolayer capacity (qmax) was observed to be 195.0 mg/g for (MP) dye at desired conditions.
{"title":"Applying Neural Network Model for Adsorption Methyl Paraben (MP) dye Using Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4 NPs Synthesized from Aqueous Solution.","authors":"F. Marahel, Bijan Mombeni Goodajdar, Neda Basri, L. Niknam, Amir Abbas Ghazali","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.527025.4636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.527025.4636","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: \u0000The applicability of the synthesized Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4NPs as a novel adsorbent for eliminating Methyl Paraben (MP) from aqueous media was investigated. Various techniques including Brunauer Emmett Teller theory (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to characterize this novel adsorbent. The maximum adsorption efficiency of (MP) dye onto Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4 NPs was 98.6% at optimum pH value of 7.0, adsorbent dosage of 0.01 g, (MP) dye concentration of 15 mg/L, and contact time of 12 min were considered as the ideal values for (MP) dye. The adsorption data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.97), whereas the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The use of artificial neural network model in predicting data with Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, purlin or a linear transfer function at output layer, and training was helpful. ANN model as a tool (mean square error) MSEANN = 0.0034, MSEFL = 0.023 and MSEANFIS = 0.0020 for removal of the (MP) dye onto Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4 NPs synthesis. Thermodynamic parameters of free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0) and entropy (ΔS0) of adsorption were determined using isotherms. ∆H0=59.58 kJ/mol, ∆G0= -2.8324 kJ/mol and ∆S0=221.15 kJ/mol. K. The value of (ΔGo, ΔHo and ΔSo) confirmed the sorption process was endothermic reflects the affinity of Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4NPs for removing (MP) dye onto Ricinus Communis-capeed Fe3O4NPs process requires heat. The maximum monolayer capacity (qmax) was observed to be 195.0 mg/g for (MP) dye at desired conditions.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88660835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-26DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.533421.4821
A. Ullah, A. Mushtaq, Rizwan Qamar, Zaeem Uddin Ali, S. Afshan, Aysha Rashid, Asma Waseem, Shamsah Aslam, Zamzam Zamzam
Worldwide the broad usage of plastic has resulted in the massive production of plastic pollution, which is incinerated, put in landfills and oceans. The technique of coating road aggregate with plastic has a good potential to deal with this global issue. The unique physical, mechanical and thermal properties polymer offers effective binding, less moisture retention, less susceptibility to void formation. This research will ultimately reflect plastic waste management and road enhancement. The main purpose of this experimental study is to predict and highlight the effect of varying plastic composition coating on aggregate and select the best performing sample. For this study, samples of polymer-coated aggregates of different ratios are created, further tested for their enhancement in properties. To create polymer-coated aggregate, we have used recycled aggregates, Grade 70 bitumen, and polyethylene bags from waste. To coat the aggregates used "dry-mix process."The effectiveness of the coating with varying plastic compositions was measured using seven different tests. It was hypothesized that incorporating plastic would enhance the properties of aggregate and increase the durability and workability of road materials. The tests results supported the hypothesis. Standard ranges were used to perform a comparative study between polymer-coated aggregate and conventional aggregate. Nearly all test's plastic composition >8% and less than 15% have shown good results, but the optimum value for all tests is achieved by sample with 12% plastic coating. Although this study supports that plastic incorporation is a better idea to enhance the longevity of roads, more research is required to explore the underlying mechanism of plastic coating and its long-term outcomes.
{"title":"Experimental Analysis of Polymer Coated Aggregate in Comparison To Ordinary Road Material","authors":"A. Ullah, A. Mushtaq, Rizwan Qamar, Zaeem Uddin Ali, S. Afshan, Aysha Rashid, Asma Waseem, Shamsah Aslam, Zamzam Zamzam","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.533421.4821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.533421.4821","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide the broad usage of plastic has resulted in the massive production of plastic pollution, which is incinerated, put in landfills and oceans. The technique of coating road aggregate with plastic has a good potential to deal with this global issue. The unique physical, mechanical and thermal properties polymer offers effective binding, less moisture retention, less susceptibility to void formation. This research will ultimately reflect plastic waste management and road enhancement. The main purpose of this experimental study is to predict and highlight the effect of varying plastic composition coating on aggregate and select the best performing sample. For this study, samples of polymer-coated aggregates of different ratios are created, further tested for their enhancement in properties. To create polymer-coated aggregate, we have used recycled aggregates, Grade 70 bitumen, and polyethylene bags from waste. To coat the aggregates used \"dry-mix process.\"The effectiveness of the coating with varying plastic compositions was measured using seven different tests. It was hypothesized that incorporating plastic would enhance the properties of aggregate and increase the durability and workability of road materials. The tests results supported the hypothesis. Standard ranges were used to perform a comparative study between polymer-coated aggregate and conventional aggregate. Nearly all test's plastic composition >8% and less than 15% have shown good results, but the optimum value for all tests is achieved by sample with 12% plastic coating. Although this study supports that plastic incorporation is a better idea to enhance the longevity of roads, more research is required to explore the underlying mechanism of plastic coating and its long-term outcomes.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90313677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-26DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.522355.4500
Abhinandan Syal, D. Sud
Malachite green (MG) dye belongs to the triphenylmethane class, extensively employed in textile industries and its presence in aqueous environment exhibits a noxious impact on living beings. Thus, it’s being immensely important to remove the dye/residues from the environment matrix. Herein, the sonochemical synthesized adsorbent material -pyrophanite-MnTiO3/TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) was utilized to expel the commercial Malachite green (MG) dye from the solution. The adsorption efficacy data indicates the maximum removal of MG (90.2%) is obtained for the NPs calcinated at 1000 °C (MT1). The adsorption material (MT1) is characterized by using different techniques including XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, FTIR, BJH, and BET. The XRD analysis indicates the formation of divergent phases viz. rutile TiO2 and MnTiO3. The FE-SEM depicts the formation of a nano-rod-like structure. The average size and percentage of void space of MT1 NPs are evaluated by using IMAGE J software. The hysteric loops from BET and BJH plots revealed the existence of type H3 hysteresis, confirming the mesoporous structure for MT1 NPs. The surface area, pore-volume, and pore size are found to be 61.245 m2/g, 0.139 cm3/g, and 2.0178 nm respectively. The pH, dye concentration, and temperature of the solution are optimized for the maximum removal of MG using MT1 NPs. Further, the adsorption isotherms, kinetics studies, and intra-particle studies indicative of the existence of monolayered second-order diffusion onto the surface of MT1 NPs. The adsorption process is endothermic, thermodynamically driven, and accompanied by an increase in entropy.
{"title":"Sonochemically synthesized mesoporous pyrophanite- MnTiO3/TiO2 nanoparticles: An Adsorbent for removal of commercial Malachite green dye","authors":"Abhinandan Syal, D. Sud","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.522355.4500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.522355.4500","url":null,"abstract":"Malachite green (MG) dye belongs to the triphenylmethane class, extensively employed in textile industries and its presence in aqueous environment exhibits a noxious impact on living beings. Thus, it’s being immensely important to remove the dye/residues from the environment matrix. Herein, the sonochemical synthesized adsorbent material -pyrophanite-MnTiO3/TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) was utilized to expel the commercial Malachite green (MG) dye from the solution. The adsorption efficacy data indicates the maximum removal of MG (90.2%) is obtained for the NPs calcinated at 1000 °C (MT1). The adsorption material (MT1) is characterized by using different techniques including XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, FTIR, BJH, and BET. The XRD analysis indicates the formation of divergent phases viz. rutile TiO2 and MnTiO3. The FE-SEM depicts the formation of a nano-rod-like structure. The average size and percentage of void space of MT1 NPs are evaluated by using IMAGE J software. The hysteric loops from BET and BJH plots revealed the existence of type H3 hysteresis, confirming the mesoporous structure for MT1 NPs. The surface area, pore-volume, and pore size are found to be 61.245 m2/g, 0.139 cm3/g, and 2.0178 nm respectively. The pH, dye concentration, and temperature of the solution are optimized for the maximum removal of MG using MT1 NPs. Further, the adsorption isotherms, kinetics studies, and intra-particle studies indicative of the existence of monolayered second-order diffusion onto the surface of MT1 NPs. The adsorption process is endothermic, thermodynamically driven, and accompanied by an increase in entropy.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79939073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-26DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.129911.4202
O. O. Olanipekun, A. O. Ogunbayo, Rahamon Adisa Bello
A mathematical model was proposed to appropriately describe the fate of multicomponent substrates in porous media especially soil. The model utilised appropriate biodegradation kinetic expressions that better describe the consumption or degradation rate of the substrate. The Equation, with the second and third type boundary conditions in non-dimensionalised form was solved using the Finite Volume method and simulated in the Matlab environment. An experiment, using a 5 cm (inside diameter) x 60 cm (height) glass column packed with severally autoclaved soil spiked with 2 % substrate (a mixture of hexadecane, heneicosane, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2- methylnaphthalene and 1, 3-dimethylnapthalene) and a consortium of organisms (Providential rettgeri, Streptococcus salivarius, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus flavipes, and Candida famata) was set up to validate the model. The result showed that the model describes the fate of each component within the multicomponent substrate. It also indicates that both Peclet and Thiele numbers affect the biodegradation of the substrate. It was observed that small Peclet number should be allowed for effective biodegradation of the substrate. The model was validated with data obtained for an experiment where a mixture of hydrocarbons was degraded with a mixed culture of microorganisms. The results of the experiment were well described by the model indicating that the model can be used to predict compositions of components of a mixture during biodegradation.
{"title":"Modeling and Numerical Solution of the Fate of Multicomponent Substrate in Porous Media","authors":"O. O. Olanipekun, A. O. Ogunbayo, Rahamon Adisa Bello","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.129911.4202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.129911.4202","url":null,"abstract":"A mathematical model was proposed to appropriately describe the fate of multicomponent substrates in porous media especially soil. The model utilised appropriate biodegradation kinetic expressions that better describe the consumption or degradation rate of the substrate. The Equation, with the second and third type boundary conditions in non-dimensionalised form was solved using the Finite Volume method and simulated in the Matlab environment. An experiment, using a 5 cm (inside diameter) x 60 cm (height) glass column packed with severally autoclaved soil spiked with 2 % substrate (a mixture of hexadecane, heneicosane, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2- methylnaphthalene and 1, 3-dimethylnapthalene) and a consortium of organisms (Providential rettgeri, Streptococcus salivarius, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus flavipes, and Candida famata) was set up to validate the model. The result showed that the model describes the fate of each component within the multicomponent substrate. It also indicates that both Peclet and Thiele numbers affect the biodegradation of the substrate. It was observed that small Peclet number should be allowed for effective biodegradation of the substrate. The model was validated with data obtained for an experiment where a mixture of hydrocarbons was degraded with a mixed culture of microorganisms. The results of the experiment were well described by the model indicating that the model can be used to predict compositions of components of a mixture during biodegradation.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89956185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-26DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.530973.4757
Havva Mumcu Şimşek, R. Guliyev
In this study, the optimum conditions of the dissolution of colemanite (2CaO.3B2O3.5H2O) ore in ammonium bisulfate (NH4HSO4) solution were examined by using Taguchi fractional design methods, and an alternative reactant for boric acid extraction process from colemanite ore was specified. The studied parameters and optimum conditions for the dissolution process were in the following; reaction temperature: 50˚C, solid/liquid ratio: 0.1 g/mL, particle size: -80 mesh, mixing speed: 600 rpm and reaction time: 25 minutes. Particle size, mixing speed and reaction time had the most significant effect on dissolution, when compared to the others. Accordingly, the dissolution efficiency of colemanite was found to be 99.54% under optimum conditions, and using NH4HSO4 as a solvent enabled the selective separation of boron from the colemanite ore. The ammonium sulphate formed as a by-product was converted into NH4HSO4 by the addition of appropriate stoichiometric amount of sulfuric acid and fed back into the dissolution vessel.
{"title":"A Taguchi Optimization Study about The Dissolution of Colemanite in Ammonium Bisulfate (NH4HSO4) Solution","authors":"Havva Mumcu Şimşek, R. Guliyev","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.530973.4757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.530973.4757","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the optimum conditions of the dissolution of colemanite (2CaO.3B2O3.5H2O) ore in ammonium bisulfate (NH4HSO4) solution were examined by using Taguchi fractional design methods, and an alternative reactant for boric acid extraction process from colemanite ore was specified. The studied parameters and optimum conditions for the dissolution process were in the following; reaction temperature: 50˚C, solid/liquid ratio: 0.1 g/mL, particle size: -80 mesh, mixing speed: 600 rpm and reaction time: 25 minutes. Particle size, mixing speed and reaction time had the most significant effect on dissolution, when compared to the others. Accordingly, the dissolution efficiency of colemanite was found to be 99.54% under optimum conditions, and using NH4HSO4 as a solvent enabled the selective separation of boron from the colemanite ore. The ammonium sulphate formed as a by-product was converted into NH4HSO4 by the addition of appropriate stoichiometric amount of sulfuric acid and fed back into the dissolution vessel.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78561082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-26DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.138007.4382
I. A. Joseph, E. Eterigho, J. Okafor, C. Are
The extraction of gold in many part of the world is left in the hands of artisanal local miners who do this with the use of mercury which is considered to be a very hazardous chemical to human and the biophysical environment. This research investigated the use of borax as a replacement for mercury in extraction of gold from its ore. The sample used for the study was collected from Chanchaga mining site in Niger State. Calcination of the sulphide ore was done at a temperature of 600 oC in order to oxidize the sulphur content of the ore. The Borax in its modified form was used as a metal flux in the extraction process and this was optimized through Box-Behnken experimental design method using Design Expert 7.0 software. The effect of temperature, mole ratio of heavy mineral concentrate to borax, and time were studied at 800 – 1000 oC, 0.8 – 3.5 and 15-30 min respectively. Sieve, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), and carat analysis of the samples were carried out. The percentage yield of gold extract was 70.2 % at 900 oC, 30 min and 0.8 mole ratio of heavy mineral concentrate to modified borax. The sieve analysis shows that visible gold liberation was achieved between 0.3 and 0.15 mm, the X-Ray Fluorescence showed 88.7 % extract gold purity with 22 carat. This method can be a replacement for the current toxic method of gold extraction using mercury.
{"title":"Alternative Approach of Gold Extraction using Modified Borax","authors":"I. A. Joseph, E. Eterigho, J. Okafor, C. Are","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.138007.4382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.138007.4382","url":null,"abstract":"The extraction of gold in many part of the world is left in the hands of artisanal local miners who do this with the use of mercury which is considered to be a very hazardous chemical to human and the biophysical environment. This research investigated the use of borax as a replacement for mercury in extraction of gold from its ore. The sample used for the study was collected from Chanchaga mining site in Niger State. Calcination of the sulphide ore was done at a temperature of 600 oC in order to oxidize the sulphur content of the ore. The Borax in its modified form was used as a metal flux in the extraction process and this was optimized through Box-Behnken experimental design method using Design Expert 7.0 software. The effect of temperature, mole ratio of heavy mineral concentrate to borax, and time were studied at 800 – 1000 oC, 0.8 – 3.5 and 15-30 min respectively. Sieve, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), and carat analysis of the samples were carried out. The percentage yield of gold extract was 70.2 % at 900 oC, 30 min and 0.8 mole ratio of heavy mineral concentrate to modified borax. The sieve analysis shows that visible gold liberation was achieved between 0.3 and 0.15 mm, the X-Ray Fluorescence showed 88.7 % extract gold purity with 22 carat. This method can be a replacement for the current toxic method of gold extraction using mercury.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79886737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-19DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.532179.4793
M. Roy, Jhinuk De
ABSTRACT: Dibutyltin(IV) complex of 2-[(E)-(4-hydroxy-3-{(E)-[(quinolin-2-yl)imino] methyl} phenyl) diazenyl]benzoic acid was synthesized by refluxing 2-[(E)-(4-hydroxy-3-{(E)-[(quinolin-2- yl) imino] methyl} phenyl) diazenyl]benzoic acid with dibutyltin(IV) oxide in hot toluene. The complex was characterized by elemental analysis in combination with UV-visible, IR, 1H, 13C, 119Sn NMR spectroscopy and Mass spectrometry technique. The carboxylate ligand acts as chelating bidentate mode of coordination with the tin atom in the complex. The complex exhibited cyclic dimeric structure in the solution state where the tin centers adopt 6- coordinate octahedral geometry. The in vitro antifungal property of the ligand and the complex was observed and compared with reference drug, Amphotericin-B.
{"title":"Dibutyltin(IV) complex of 2-[(E)-(4-hydroxy-3-{(E)-[(quinolin-2-yl)imino] methyl} phenyl) diazenyl]benzoic acid: Synthesis, spectroscopy and in vitro antifungal activity","authors":"M. Roy, Jhinuk De","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.532179.4793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.532179.4793","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Dibutyltin(IV) complex of 2-[(E)-(4-hydroxy-3-{(E)-[(quinolin-2-yl)imino] methyl} phenyl) diazenyl]benzoic acid was synthesized by refluxing 2-[(E)-(4-hydroxy-3-{(E)-[(quinolin-2- yl) imino] methyl} phenyl) diazenyl]benzoic acid with dibutyltin(IV) oxide in hot toluene. The complex was characterized by elemental analysis in combination with UV-visible, IR, 1H, 13C, 119Sn NMR spectroscopy and Mass spectrometry technique. The carboxylate ligand acts as chelating bidentate mode of coordination with the tin atom in the complex. The complex exhibited cyclic dimeric structure in the solution state where the tin centers adopt 6- coordinate octahedral geometry. The in vitro antifungal property of the ligand and the complex was observed and compared with reference drug, Amphotericin-B.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90550096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.529951.4720
Taleb Zarei, Y. Davoodbeygi, Saman Islamimanesh, Z. Zarei
Methane aromatization reaction to produce benzene using tungsten and molybdenum catalysts supported on ZSM-5 was investigated at 800 oC. Catalysts were prepared by impregnation of tungsten and molybdenum salts on ZSM-5 zeolite with various metal loadings in the range of 2-10 wt. %. In order to obtain the catalytic structures before and after the reaction, catalysts were characterized by XRD and FTIR analysis. It was indicated from reactor tests that increase of metal loading on the catalyst surface leads to increase methane conversion (1.1% and 3.2% for 2W/ZSM-5 and 6 W/ZSM-5, and 2.4% and 4.8% for 2W/ZSM-5 and 6 W/ZSM-5, respectively, at time of stream equals 120 min). It was also concluded that Mo catalysts show higher activity and stability than W (methane conversion of 3.2 and 9 % using 10Mo/ ZSM-5 and 10 W/ZSM-5 catalysts respectively, at time of stream equals 100 min), and increase of Mo loading leads to enhancement of catalytic activity and methane conversion, which indicate initial activation of methane is occurred on metal sites of catalysts. This activation leads to occur the later reactions and production of final benzene. These conditions confirm the two-factor mechanism which include two stages: i) hemolysis break of C-H bond and CH3 radical formation and then ethylene formation, and ii) cyclization of ethylene species in the presence of acidic sites within the zeolite channels. Investigations on mesoporous HMS support showed no aromatic production, which show increase of support channel diameter leads to reduce the possibility of ring formation.
{"title":"Methane dehydroaromatization over Mo and W catalysts supported on ZSM-5","authors":"Taleb Zarei, Y. Davoodbeygi, Saman Islamimanesh, Z. Zarei","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.529951.4720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.529951.4720","url":null,"abstract":"Methane aromatization reaction to produce benzene using tungsten and molybdenum catalysts supported on ZSM-5 was investigated at 800 oC. Catalysts were prepared by impregnation of tungsten and molybdenum salts on ZSM-5 zeolite with various metal loadings in the range of 2-10 wt. %. In order to obtain the catalytic structures before and after the reaction, catalysts were characterized by XRD and FTIR analysis. It was indicated from reactor tests that increase of metal loading on the catalyst surface leads to increase methane conversion (1.1% and 3.2% for 2W/ZSM-5 and 6 W/ZSM-5, and 2.4% and 4.8% for 2W/ZSM-5 and 6 W/ZSM-5, respectively, at time of stream equals 120 min). It was also concluded that Mo catalysts show higher activity and stability than W (methane conversion of 3.2 and 9 % using 10Mo/ ZSM-5 and 10 W/ZSM-5 catalysts respectively, at time of stream equals 100 min), and increase of Mo loading leads to enhancement of catalytic activity and methane conversion, which indicate initial activation of methane is occurred on metal sites of catalysts. This activation leads to occur the later reactions and production of final benzene. These conditions confirm the two-factor mechanism which include two stages: i) hemolysis break of C-H bond and CH3 radical formation and then ethylene formation, and ii) cyclization of ethylene species in the presence of acidic sites within the zeolite channels. Investigations on mesoporous HMS support showed no aromatic production, which show increase of support channel diameter leads to reduce the possibility of ring formation.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72721798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.526860.4629
Z. A. Shuhaib, A. Sajjad
In this investigation, a combination of Z1-Z5 hydrazone compounds is obtained from the reaction between 4-methylbenzohydrazide and aryl-aldehydes. Subsequent unique synthetic approach to the preparation of di-substituted tetrazoles T6-T10 was achieved through a 1,3- dipolar cycloaddition of sodium azide and prepared hydrazone compounds in ethyl alcohol. Results have been verified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The activity of anti-microbial screening has shown that (Z1–Z6 and T10) presented antifungal activity. The other tested Z2 compound was found to exhibit good antibacterial activity, while the other tested compounds revealed low antibacterial activity.
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Some New Tetrazole Derivatives from Hydrazones","authors":"Z. A. Shuhaib, A. Sajjad","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.526860.4629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.526860.4629","url":null,"abstract":"In this investigation, a combination of Z1-Z5 hydrazone compounds is obtained from the reaction between 4-methylbenzohydrazide and aryl-aldehydes. Subsequent unique synthetic approach to the preparation of di-substituted tetrazoles T6-T10 was achieved through a 1,3- dipolar cycloaddition of sodium azide and prepared hydrazone compounds in ethyl alcohol. Results have been verified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The activity of anti-microbial screening has shown that (Z1–Z6 and T10) presented antifungal activity. The other tested Z2 compound was found to exhibit good antibacterial activity, while the other tested compounds revealed low antibacterial activity.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78888001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.30492/IJCCE.2021.136437.4334
R. Handogo, Hairul Huda, T. R. Biyanto, Wei Wu, Vincentius Surya Kurnia Adi
The crude oil refinery heat exchanger network (HEN) cleaning schedule is critical to maximize the energy recovery and simultaneously maintain the HEN performance. In reality, the HEN configuration consists of multiple heat exchanger units with different sizes, fouling rates, and initial efficiencies. The plant availability and the HEN efficiency may decrease to a certain level after a period of operation due to fouling and heat exchangers taken offline for cleaning. Therefore, cleaning and bypass procedure is deemed necessary. In this study, the heat exchanger performance represented by the overall heat transfer coefficient is evaluated based on a proposed heuristics algorithm for seeking the optimum cleaning schedule while incorporating rigorous cleaning rules. Four heuristic values for HEN cleaning schedule scenarios are proposed to evaluate the overall performance of the HEN. The additional heat duty on the process heater due to cleaning operation and the total annual cost are considered in a crude oil refinery HEN that consists of 11 heat exchanger units. The cleaning frequency of the heat exchanger is found to have a significant effect on HEN performance. The results from the scenario analysis suggest that there is a proper cleaning schedule for optimum operation of a crude oil refinery HEN. It is also indicated that the design of the cleaning schedule depends on fouling resistance and the capacity of related heat exchangers.
{"title":"STUDY OF HEAT EXCHANGER NETWORK CLEANING SCHEDULE DESIGN WITH HEURISTIC SCENARIO ANALYSIS","authors":"R. Handogo, Hairul Huda, T. R. Biyanto, Wei Wu, Vincentius Surya Kurnia Adi","doi":"10.30492/IJCCE.2021.136437.4334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.136437.4334","url":null,"abstract":"The crude oil refinery heat exchanger network (HEN) cleaning schedule is critical to maximize the energy recovery and simultaneously maintain the HEN performance. In reality, the HEN configuration consists of multiple heat exchanger units with different sizes, fouling rates, and initial efficiencies. The plant availability and the HEN efficiency may decrease to a certain level after a period of operation due to fouling and heat exchangers taken offline for cleaning. Therefore, cleaning and bypass procedure is deemed necessary. In this study, the heat exchanger performance represented by the overall heat transfer coefficient is evaluated based on a proposed heuristics algorithm for seeking the optimum cleaning schedule while incorporating rigorous cleaning rules. Four heuristic values for HEN cleaning schedule scenarios are proposed to evaluate the overall performance of the HEN. The additional heat duty on the process heater due to cleaning operation and the total annual cost are considered in a crude oil refinery HEN that consists of 11 heat exchanger units. The cleaning frequency of the heat exchanger is found to have a significant effect on HEN performance. The results from the scenario analysis suggest that there is a proper cleaning schedule for optimum operation of a crude oil refinery HEN. It is also indicated that the design of the cleaning schedule depends on fouling resistance and the capacity of related heat exchangers.","PeriodicalId":14572,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86077817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：