Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2023.137615.2715
Bushra H. Al-Niaeemi, Marwah H. Dawood
Concentrations of three heavy metals as Manganese, Nickel, and Cobalt were estimated in two levels in the food chain; the omnivorous Cyprinus carpio fish and its intestinal cestode Bothriocephalus acheilognathi as end consumer (endoparasite) using atomic absorption technique. The study was performed in two locations in Tigris River, Al Rashedia and Sherikhan villages/Mosel City/ Nineveh Province between June 2022 to October 2022. The concentration of the three chosen metals: Mn, Ni, and Co, was estimated in the liver, gills, intestine, and skeletal muscles in both infected and uninfected fish and added to tissues of the cached Cestoda. Manganese concentration was the highest in the gills of both infected and uninfected fish 14.597, 21.773 µg/gm fresh weight, nickel concentration was the highest in the liver 4.44 and 8.10µg/gm fresh weight, and cobalt concentration was the highest in the intestine 2.467 and 7.79 µg/gm fresh weight. The difference in values was significant at P≤0.05 in the infected and uninfected fish, respectively. Accumulation of the three metals Mn, Ni, and Co was the lowest in fish skeletal muscles. Mn had the highest accumulation mean in fish organs 11.846 µg/gm fresh weight, Ni was the next 4.094 µg/gm, and Co was the lowest 2.616 µg/gm. The concentration of Mn and Ni in the cestode B. acheilognathi tissues 22.53 and 10.45 µg/gm was about two folds of that found in its host fish C. carpio. The concentration of Co was approximate in the worm tissues and its host fish. In conclusion heavy metals in C. carpio didn’t exceed the WHO and the FAO set permissible levels. B. acheilognathi cestoda could be a useful bioindicator for heavy metal contamination in aquatic ecosystems.
{"title":"Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Bothriocephalus acheilognathi cestoda and the definitive host, Cyprinus carpio (L. 1758)","authors":"Bushra H. Al-Niaeemi, Marwah H. Dawood","doi":"10.33899/ijvs.2023.137615.2715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2023.137615.2715","url":null,"abstract":"Concentrations of three heavy metals as Manganese, Nickel, and Cobalt were estimated in two levels in the food chain; the omnivorous Cyprinus carpio fish and its intestinal cestode Bothriocephalus acheilognathi as end consumer (endoparasite) using atomic absorption technique. The study was performed in two locations in Tigris River, Al Rashedia and Sherikhan villages/Mosel City/ Nineveh Province between June 2022 to October 2022. The concentration of the three chosen metals: Mn, Ni, and Co, was estimated in the liver, gills, intestine, and skeletal muscles in both infected and uninfected fish and added to tissues of the cached Cestoda. Manganese concentration was the highest in the gills of both infected and uninfected fish 14.597, 21.773 µg/gm fresh weight, nickel concentration was the highest in the liver 4.44 and 8.10µg/gm fresh weight, and cobalt concentration was the highest in the intestine 2.467 and 7.79 µg/gm fresh weight. The difference in values was significant at P≤0.05 in the infected and uninfected fish, respectively. Accumulation of the three metals Mn, Ni, and Co was the lowest in fish skeletal muscles. Mn had the highest accumulation mean in fish organs 11.846 µg/gm fresh weight, Ni was the next 4.094 µg/gm, and Co was the lowest 2.616 µg/gm. The concentration of Mn and Ni in the cestode B. acheilognathi tissues 22.53 and 10.45 µg/gm was about two folds of that found in its host fish C. carpio. The concentration of Co was approximate in the worm tissues and its host fish. In conclusion heavy metals in C. carpio didn’t exceed the WHO and the FAO set permissible levels. B. acheilognathi cestoda could be a useful bioindicator for heavy metal contamination in aquatic ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":14655,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135458666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2023.137990.2759
Abdul A. Farooq, Muhammad A. Khan, Hamid A. Akbar, Muhammad A. Hayat, Saeed M. Murtaza, Maqbool H. Shah, Muhammad A. Javid, Muhammad U. Saleem, Muhammad A. Abdul Basit, Saima I. Inayat, Mushtaq H. Lashari, Muhammad T. Sajjad
This study aimed to assess the effect of autologous bone marrow on metacarpal and metatarsal fractures in goats presented to the indoor surgery clinic at the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS) in Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 20 female Beetal goats weighing 20-22.5 kg and aged 8-12 months were allocated into equal groups of five animals each: G1, G2, G3, and G4. Animals in G1 were fixed with a linear external skeletal fixator, and animals in G3 were fixed with a circular fixator and treated with multiple aspirates from the bone marrow, while animals in G2 were fixed the same way as G1, and animals in G4 were fixed the same way as G3 and treated with normal saline on days 0, 14, and 28. The radiographic union scale (RUS) and weight-bearing score (WBS) were used to evaluate the post-treatment rate of repair, and sero-biochemical changes were observed on days 0, 7, 14, 28, and 45. The results showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in bone healing among groups treated with bone marrow aspirates (BMA) and groups treated with normal saline. RUS and WBS scoring in G1 and G3 animals were significantly higher (P<0.05) than in G2 and G4 animals on days 7, 14, and 28. Moreover, animals in G1 and G3 had significantly (P<0.05) greater levels of alkaline phosphatase, total hydroxyproline, and free hydroxyproline than animals in G2 and G4, respectively. In conclusion, the application of BMA at the site of fracture aids in the healing of fractured metacarpal and metatarsal bones aligned with external (linear and circular) fixators in goats.
{"title":"Effects of autologous bone marrow on the healing of long bones fractures reduced by external skeletal fixators in goats","authors":"Abdul A. Farooq, Muhammad A. Khan, Hamid A. Akbar, Muhammad A. Hayat, Saeed M. Murtaza, Maqbool H. Shah, Muhammad A. Javid, Muhammad U. Saleem, Muhammad A. Abdul Basit, Saima I. Inayat, Mushtaq H. Lashari, Muhammad T. Sajjad","doi":"10.33899/ijvs.2023.137990.2759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2023.137990.2759","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess the effect of autologous bone marrow on metacarpal and metatarsal fractures in goats presented to the indoor surgery clinic at the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS) in Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 20 female Beetal goats weighing 20-22.5 kg and aged 8-12 months were allocated into equal groups of five animals each: G1, G2, G3, and G4. Animals in G1 were fixed with a linear external skeletal fixator, and animals in G3 were fixed with a circular fixator and treated with multiple aspirates from the bone marrow, while animals in G2 were fixed the same way as G1, and animals in G4 were fixed the same way as G3 and treated with normal saline on days 0, 14, and 28. The radiographic union scale (RUS) and weight-bearing score (WBS) were used to evaluate the post-treatment rate of repair, and sero-biochemical changes were observed on days 0, 7, 14, 28, and 45. The results showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in bone healing among groups treated with bone marrow aspirates (BMA) and groups treated with normal saline. RUS and WBS scoring in G1 and G3 animals were significantly higher (P<0.05) than in G2 and G4 animals on days 7, 14, and 28. Moreover, animals in G1 and G3 had significantly (P<0.05) greater levels of alkaline phosphatase, total hydroxyproline, and free hydroxyproline than animals in G2 and G4, respectively. In conclusion, the application of BMA at the site of fracture aids in the healing of fractured metacarpal and metatarsal bones aligned with external (linear and circular) fixators in goats.","PeriodicalId":14655,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135458445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2023.136609.2597
Aveen M. Asaad, Ismail S. Kakey, Dawan J. Awez, Mehri M. Mhamadsalih
Doxazosin is a competitive, short-acting, selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist. Selective alpha 1-blockers dilate blood vessels in the veins and arteries. The specificity for alpha-adrenoreceptors causes the smooth muscle of the blood vessels to relax. The findings of the recording and analysis demonstrate that doxazosin generates an endothelium-dependent relaxation of renal artery rings that had been pre-contracted with a high amount of KCl (60 mM) or phenylephrine (PE) (10-5 M). Additionally, doxazosin shows strong inhibitory effects on PE and weaker effects on contractions induced by KCl. Pre-incubating renal artery rings with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), indomethacin, potassium (K+) channels blocker (TEA), barium chloride (BaCl2), prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) inhibitor (Indomethacin), and nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor (L-Name), significantly affects the relaxation brought on by doxazosin. Contrarily, neither glibenclamide (GLIB) nor clotrimazole, show any effect on the relaxation caused by doxazosin. Doxazosin’s role suggests that a Ca++ channel-blocking mechanism has a relaxing impact on the smooth muscles of the renal artery. The relaxing effect of doxazosin is thus concluded from these findings to involve both potassium and calcium channels, potentially through the blockage of KV, KCa, KIr, endothelium/NO, PGI2, and voltage-dependent calcium channels.
{"title":"In vitro study of the relaxant effect of doxazosin in the activity of smooth muscles in isolated goat renal artery","authors":"Aveen M. Asaad, Ismail S. Kakey, Dawan J. Awez, Mehri M. Mhamadsalih","doi":"10.33899/ijvs.2023.136609.2597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2023.136609.2597","url":null,"abstract":"Doxazosin is a competitive, short-acting, selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist. Selective alpha 1-blockers dilate blood vessels in the veins and arteries. The specificity for alpha-adrenoreceptors causes the smooth muscle of the blood vessels to relax. The findings of the recording and analysis demonstrate that doxazosin generates an endothelium-dependent relaxation of renal artery rings that had been pre-contracted with a high amount of KCl (60 mM) or phenylephrine (PE) (10-5 M). Additionally, doxazosin shows strong inhibitory effects on PE and weaker effects on contractions induced by KCl. Pre-incubating renal artery rings with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), indomethacin, potassium (K+) channels blocker (TEA), barium chloride (BaCl2), prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) inhibitor (Indomethacin), and nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor (L-Name), significantly affects the relaxation brought on by doxazosin. Contrarily, neither glibenclamide (GLIB) nor clotrimazole, show any effect on the relaxation caused by doxazosin. Doxazosin’s role suggests that a Ca++ channel-blocking mechanism has a relaxing impact on the smooth muscles of the renal artery. The relaxing effect of doxazosin is thus concluded from these findings to involve both potassium and calcium channels, potentially through the blockage of KV, KCa, KIr, endothelium/NO, PGI2, and voltage-dependent calcium channels.","PeriodicalId":14655,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135458665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2023.139272.2920
Waleed K. Al-Bahadly, Ahlem B. Bdioui, Moaed E. Al-Gazally, Haider F. Al-Saedi, Sihem H. Salah, Omar A. Al-Mahmood
The goal of this study was to prepare levofloxacin as a topical ointment for evaluating its anti-psoriatic activity in imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. Sixty mice 24 – 30 grams were randomly divided into six groups of 10 mice each. The first group was a control group, in which the baseline ointment was application to the shaved back. The second group received imiquimod (5%) cream for 6 days on back in the same way as the remaining four groups to induce psoriasis of skin inflammation. The 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th groups were treated with application of imiquimod daily clobetasol, levofloxacin 10, 20 and 40% ointment. At the end of the experiment, blood was obtained to prepare serum for measuring inflammatory biomarkers, while skin samples were used to study histopathological changes. Levofloxacin ointment dramatically reduced the scores of erythematous, scaling, and epidermal thickenings, as well as the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-8, IL-17, and IL-37. Levofloxacin ointment has strong anti-psoriatic and anti-inflammatory activities.
{"title":"The effect of levofloxacin ointment against imiquimod induced–psoriasis in mice model","authors":"Waleed K. Al-Bahadly, Ahlem B. Bdioui, Moaed E. Al-Gazally, Haider F. Al-Saedi, Sihem H. Salah, Omar A. Al-Mahmood","doi":"10.33899/ijvs.2023.139272.2920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2023.139272.2920","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study was to prepare levofloxacin as a topical ointment for evaluating its anti-psoriatic activity in imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. Sixty mice 24 – 30 grams were randomly divided into six groups of 10 mice each. The first group was a control group, in which the baseline ointment was application to the shaved back. The second group received imiquimod (5%) cream for 6 days on back in the same way as the remaining four groups to induce psoriasis of skin inflammation. The 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th groups were treated with application of imiquimod daily clobetasol, levofloxacin 10, 20 and 40% ointment. At the end of the experiment, blood was obtained to prepare serum for measuring inflammatory biomarkers, while skin samples were used to study histopathological changes. Levofloxacin ointment dramatically reduced the scores of erythematous, scaling, and epidermal thickenings, as well as the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-8, IL-17, and IL-37. Levofloxacin ointment has strong anti-psoriatic and anti-inflammatory activities.","PeriodicalId":14655,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135458356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2023.137384.2677
Shereen A. Yassin, Hala A. Abd elhady
This study aims identify E. coli and its β-lactamase encoding genes, S. aureus and its enterotoxin genes isolated from milk and Kariesh cheese. Moreover, we evaluated the antibacterial effect of lactoferrin against these pathogenic bacteria. Sixty samples in total (30 each of raw milk and Kariesh cheese) were collected from various retail-markets in Kafrel-Sheikh Governorate. The percentage of E. coli isolates found in raw milk and Kariesh cheese reached 43.3% and 36.6%, respectively, while S. aureus isolates were recorded at 50% and 23.3% (from raw milk and Kariesh cheese). Twenty-four strains of E. coli were serogrouped, of which 3 strains out of 24 were O17, O91 and O159, 6 strains were O127 and 9 strains were O26. PCR analysis for β-lactamase encoding genes in E. coli indicated that all eight isolates were 100% positive for blaTEM and blaSHV genes while 5 (62.5%) S. aureus isolates were positive for enterotoxin production. Five (62.5%) isolates produced Seb, 2(25%) produced Sec while the Sea gene was not detected in S. aureus isolates. The results indicate that lactoferrin 5% had a significant inhibitory effect on S. aureus and E. coli when they were inoculated into Kariesh cheese. The findings show that dairies didn't take enough hygiene precautions, and we advise following stringent hygiene procedures when dairy products are milked, processed and distributed. To control the growth of E. coli and S. aureus in dairy products,lactoferrin is thought to be a potential strategy.
{"title":"Utilization of lactoferrin to inhibit E. coli and S. aureus isolates from milk and kariesh cheese","authors":"Shereen A. Yassin, Hala A. Abd elhady","doi":"10.33899/ijvs.2023.137384.2677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2023.137384.2677","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims identify E. coli and its β-lactamase encoding genes, S. aureus and its enterotoxin genes isolated from milk and Kariesh cheese. Moreover, we evaluated the antibacterial effect of lactoferrin against these pathogenic bacteria. Sixty samples in total (30 each of raw milk and Kariesh cheese) were collected from various retail-markets in Kafrel-Sheikh Governorate. The percentage of E. coli isolates found in raw milk and Kariesh cheese reached 43.3% and 36.6%, respectively, while S. aureus isolates were recorded at 50% and 23.3% (from raw milk and Kariesh cheese). Twenty-four strains of E. coli were serogrouped, of which 3 strains out of 24 were O17, O91 and O159, 6 strains were O127 and 9 strains were O26. PCR analysis for β-lactamase encoding genes in E. coli indicated that all eight isolates were 100% positive for blaTEM and blaSHV genes while 5 (62.5%) S. aureus isolates were positive for enterotoxin production. Five (62.5%) isolates produced Seb, 2(25%) produced Sec while the Sea gene was not detected in S. aureus isolates. The results indicate that lactoferrin 5% had a significant inhibitory effect on S. aureus and E. coli when they were inoculated into Kariesh cheese. The findings show that dairies didn't take enough hygiene precautions, and we advise following stringent hygiene procedures when dairy products are milked, processed and distributed. To control the growth of E. coli and S. aureus in dairy products,lactoferrin is thought to be a potential strategy.","PeriodicalId":14655,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135458084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2023.138026.2760
Alamgir Kobir, Nazmul H. Siddiqi, Morsheda Nasrin, Latifa Akter, Munmun Pervin, Ziaul Haque, Mohammad R. Karim
Pesticide is one of the top chemical substances that pose a serious risk to public health. Imidacloprid (IMI) is a widely used broad-spectrum insecticide over the past decade. Here, oral IMI-contaminated green grass (at the dose rate of 100 mg/liter and sprayed) was fed to adult male rabbits (n=6), every alternate day for up to 90 days. The control rabbits (n=6) were fed pesticide-free green grass, wheat bran, and water ad libitum. For gross and histopathology, spleen, lymph nodes, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues were collected by ventromedial opening. No evident gross changes were found during the collection of the organs. Histopathologically, lymph nodes showed atrophy and degenerative lymphoid follicles. The cortex and medulla of the lymph nodes were less differentiated. The size and number of the lymphoid follicles in the cortex were also reduced in IMI-exposed rabbits. The spleen exhibited atrophic changes in the white pulps. The white pulp revealed degenerative changes with the depletion of the lymphoid tissues. As for the red pulp, it showed an irregular and depleted mesh network of reticular fibers in IMI-exposed rabbits compared to the control. The trachea and esophagus of IMI-exposed rabbits showed infiltration of the mononuclear cells in the propria-submucosa and tunica adventitia, respectively. The infiltration of mononuclear cells population was loaded in the core of the villi, tunica mucosa, and propria-submucosa of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of the IMI-exposed rabbits compared to the control. The present study findings suggest that IMI has toxic effects on the lymphoid organs and tissues of adult rabbits.
{"title":"Effects of imidacloprid contaminated feed exposure on the spleen, lymph node, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues of adult male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)","authors":"Alamgir Kobir, Nazmul H. Siddiqi, Morsheda Nasrin, Latifa Akter, Munmun Pervin, Ziaul Haque, Mohammad R. Karim","doi":"10.33899/ijvs.2023.138026.2760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2023.138026.2760","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticide is one of the top chemical substances that pose a serious risk to public health. Imidacloprid (IMI) is a widely used broad-spectrum insecticide over the past decade. Here, oral IMI-contaminated green grass (at the dose rate of 100 mg/liter and sprayed) was fed to adult male rabbits (n=6), every alternate day for up to 90 days. The control rabbits (n=6) were fed pesticide-free green grass, wheat bran, and water ad libitum. For gross and histopathology, spleen, lymph nodes, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues were collected by ventromedial opening. No evident gross changes were found during the collection of the organs. Histopathologically, lymph nodes showed atrophy and degenerative lymphoid follicles. The cortex and medulla of the lymph nodes were less differentiated. The size and number of the lymphoid follicles in the cortex were also reduced in IMI-exposed rabbits. The spleen exhibited atrophic changes in the white pulps. The white pulp revealed degenerative changes with the depletion of the lymphoid tissues. As for the red pulp, it showed an irregular and depleted mesh network of reticular fibers in IMI-exposed rabbits compared to the control. The trachea and esophagus of IMI-exposed rabbits showed infiltration of the mononuclear cells in the propria-submucosa and tunica adventitia, respectively. The infiltration of mononuclear cells population was loaded in the core of the villi, tunica mucosa, and propria-submucosa of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of the IMI-exposed rabbits compared to the control. The present study findings suggest that IMI has toxic effects on the lymphoid organs and tissues of adult rabbits.","PeriodicalId":14655,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135457992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2023.139183.2900
Ibraheem A. zedan, Llayth M. Alkattan, Saevan S. Al-Mahmood
The guidelines for this experiment were designed to assess the histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters after the topical application of plasma-rich fibrin during hernioplasty in sheep. Twenty-four rams enrolled into two groups, 12 of each. In the control group, hernioplasty was done with polypropylene mesh and a modified sub-lay technique; in the treatment group done the same as the control and reinforced with plasma-rich fibrin (PRF). Tissue samples were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations. The clinical investigation results indicated developing seroma at the lower region of the surgical site that continued 25 days post-surgery in the control group as a comparison of group PRF which indicated mild seroma. The histopathological examination at 30 days in the control group indicated the presence of focal infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells around the mesh and hyperplasia of fibrocytes, deposition of collagen with edema as compared with the treatment group at 15th days post-surgery; there was a high number of new blood vessels, deposition of collagen fibers. Immunohistochemistry indicated a strong positive reaction at seven days post-surgery in control, and the PRF group with IL-6 appeared as golden-brown granules in the cytoplasm of cells around the surgical mesh. At seven days post-surgery, the reaction of VEGF antibody IHC indicated negative and strong positive reactions with VEGF appearing as golden-brown granules in the cytoplasm of cells in the treatment group. In conclusion, using PRF to repair the hernia reduces the incidence of inflammation, and histopathological and immunohistochemistry investigations emphasize an improvement in the healing process of hernia.
{"title":"Histopathological and immunohistochemical assessment of the using platelets rich fibrin to reinforce ventral hernioplasty in the sheep model","authors":"Ibraheem A. zedan, Llayth M. Alkattan, Saevan S. Al-Mahmood","doi":"10.33899/ijvs.2023.139183.2900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2023.139183.2900","url":null,"abstract":"The guidelines for this experiment were designed to assess the histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters after the topical application of plasma-rich fibrin during hernioplasty in sheep. Twenty-four rams enrolled into two groups, 12 of each. In the control group, hernioplasty was done with polypropylene mesh and a modified sub-lay technique; in the treatment group done the same as the control and reinforced with plasma-rich fibrin (PRF). Tissue samples were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations. The clinical investigation results indicated developing seroma at the lower region of the surgical site that continued 25 days post-surgery in the control group as a comparison of group PRF which indicated mild seroma. The histopathological examination at 30 days in the control group indicated the presence of focal infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells around the mesh and hyperplasia of fibrocytes, deposition of collagen with edema as compared with the treatment group at 15th days post-surgery; there was a high number of new blood vessels, deposition of collagen fibers. Immunohistochemistry indicated a strong positive reaction at seven days post-surgery in control, and the PRF group with IL-6 appeared as golden-brown granules in the cytoplasm of cells around the surgical mesh. At seven days post-surgery, the reaction of VEGF antibody IHC indicated negative and strong positive reactions with VEGF appearing as golden-brown granules in the cytoplasm of cells in the treatment group. In conclusion, using PRF to repair the hernia reduces the incidence of inflammation, and histopathological and immunohistochemistry investigations emphasize an improvement in the healing process of hernia.","PeriodicalId":14655,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135457997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2023.139770.2976
Haitham S. AlBakri, Layan Y. Khalil, Hadeel T. Al-Shalash
The flies of different families that the flies which act as the main sources of annoyance to both humans and animals, as well as being direct vectors of many pathogens, its indeed need to do this study to check for the presence of these flies within the animal environment near the sources of food and water, in addition to their presence close to animals or on their bodies. As indicated from the results of the present study of morphological or formal specification for Musca, Lucilia, Chrysoma, Stomoxys, and Parasarchophaga, which were collected from cowsheds from AL-Saada and Baawyza and Al-Shalalaat areas in Mosul city. The current study focused on the morphological features of flies collected to achieve guideline evidence with images taken under the stereoscopic dissecting microscope. Three families and seven species of dipteran flies' morphological specifications have been revealed in this research with the help of taxonomic keys particularly; wing venation, number of strips on the thorax, color of head, thorax, and abdomen with colored hairy of the flies and antennae, as well as an activity note of flies during the day and peak of this activity in the noon hours, especially in the warm months in which the study took place, like April and May and the daylight time (sunrise at 4:52-5:57 am, the sunset at 6:29-7:17 pm) characterized encouraging for light action of flies families.
{"title":"Prevalence of some species of flies in cowsheds in Mosul city","authors":"Haitham S. AlBakri, Layan Y. Khalil, Hadeel T. Al-Shalash","doi":"10.33899/ijvs.2023.139770.2976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2023.139770.2976","url":null,"abstract":"The flies of different families that the flies which act as the main sources of annoyance to both humans and animals, as well as being direct vectors of many pathogens, its indeed need to do this study to check for the presence of these flies within the animal environment near the sources of food and water, in addition to their presence close to animals or on their bodies. As indicated from the results of the present study of morphological or formal specification for Musca, Lucilia, Chrysoma, Stomoxys, and Parasarchophaga, which were collected from cowsheds from AL-Saada and Baawyza and Al-Shalalaat areas in Mosul city. The current study focused on the morphological features of flies collected to achieve guideline evidence with images taken under the stereoscopic dissecting microscope. Three families and seven species of dipteran flies' morphological specifications have been revealed in this research with the help of taxonomic keys particularly; wing venation, number of strips on the thorax, color of head, thorax, and abdomen with colored hairy of the flies and antennae, as well as an activity note of flies during the day and peak of this activity in the noon hours, especially in the warm months in which the study took place, like April and May and the daylight time (sunrise at 4:52-5:57 am, the sunset at 6:29-7:17 pm) characterized encouraging for light action of flies families.","PeriodicalId":14655,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135458085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2023.137991.2758
Safaa A. Al-Ali, Hadil B. Al-Sabaawy
This study aims to examine the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a probiotic, mixing them on the intestine layer represented by (heights of the epithelium, depth of the crypts, width of villus and length of villi), and to observe the histopathological and immunohistochemical effects in broilers during 1-35 days. A total of sixty birds 1-day old broilers are randomly divided into four groups each with fifteen replicates, where G1 as a control group, G2 treated with 3 g/kg of S. cerevisiae, G3 treated with 200g/1000L of probiotics with water and G4 treated with a mixture of both probiotics and S.C. All broiler chickens are euthanized at days 7, 21 and 35 for histopathology and at days 7, 35 for immunohistochemistry. Results show a significant variation increase in the intestine layer of all groups in contrast to the control group, especially at G4 (the mixture of S. cerevisiae and probiotics). The administration of S. cerevisiae and probiotics significantly increases the permeability of the intestine via IL-6 proteins for cytoplasm and cell membrane and the gene expression is equal in intensity during the first and the fifth weeks of killing. From these results, we conclude that the materials used in G4 has given intense response of IL-6 in broiler chickens, which is a good indicator; therefore, they are proposed for stimulating innate and adaptive immunity.
{"title":"Morphology and immunohistochemistry analysis of broiler intestine treated with immunostimulant agents","authors":"Safaa A. Al-Ali, Hadil B. Al-Sabaawy","doi":"10.33899/ijvs.2023.137991.2758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2023.137991.2758","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a probiotic, mixing them on the intestine layer represented by (heights of the epithelium, depth of the crypts, width of villus and length of villi), and to observe the histopathological and immunohistochemical effects in broilers during 1-35 days. A total of sixty birds 1-day old broilers are randomly divided into four groups each with fifteen replicates, where G1 as a control group, G2 treated with 3 g/kg of S. cerevisiae, G3 treated with 200g/1000L of probiotics with water and G4 treated with a mixture of both probiotics and S.C. All broiler chickens are euthanized at days 7, 21 and 35 for histopathology and at days 7, 35 for immunohistochemistry. Results show a significant variation increase in the intestine layer of all groups in contrast to the control group, especially at G4 (the mixture of S. cerevisiae and probiotics). The administration of S. cerevisiae and probiotics significantly increases the permeability of the intestine via IL-6 proteins for cytoplasm and cell membrane and the gene expression is equal in intensity during the first and the fifth weeks of killing. From these results, we conclude that the materials used in G4 has given intense response of IL-6 in broiler chickens, which is a good indicator; therefore, they are proposed for stimulating innate and adaptive immunity.","PeriodicalId":14655,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135458171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2023.138763.2835
Hadeel H. Albayati, Ghaidaa A. Jassem
The presented investigation was performed to identify Sarcocystis species, in an intermediate-host parasite with zoonotic importance, infection in slaughtered sheep identified by traditional, histological, and molecular methods in Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq. Here, 70 intercostal and esophageal muscle samples 10-40 gm/each were collected from slaughtered sheep. The samples were examined for detection of the Sarcocystic bradyzoites using microscopic, histological, 18S rRNA gene-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-product-dependent gene sequencing methods. The results of the microscopic method revealed that 65 (93%) of the muscle samples contained bradyzoites. The histopathological picture showed the presence of two microsarcocysts with different morphological thin or thick wall sizes. The PCR demonstrated that 68/70 (97%) of the samples were positive for the occurrence of the parasite DNA. According to the NCBI-based websites, the Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates from the current study were closely similar in their nucleotide sequences with isolates from Norway, Egypt, and Iran. The present data indicate high infection levels by Sarcocystis spp. in slaughtered sheep, which could bring alarm for public health importance.
{"title":"Traditional, histopathological and molecular diagnosis of sarcocytosis in slaughtered sheep in Al-Diwaniyah province, Iraq","authors":"Hadeel H. Albayati, Ghaidaa A. Jassem","doi":"10.33899/ijvs.2023.138763.2835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2023.138763.2835","url":null,"abstract":"The presented investigation was performed to identify Sarcocystis species, in an intermediate-host parasite with zoonotic importance, infection in slaughtered sheep identified by traditional, histological, and molecular methods in Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq. Here, 70 intercostal and esophageal muscle samples 10-40 gm/each were collected from slaughtered sheep. The samples were examined for detection of the Sarcocystic bradyzoites using microscopic, histological, 18S rRNA gene-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-product-dependent gene sequencing methods. The results of the microscopic method revealed that 65 (93%) of the muscle samples contained bradyzoites. The histopathological picture showed the presence of two microsarcocysts with different morphological thin or thick wall sizes. The PCR demonstrated that 68/70 (97%) of the samples were positive for the occurrence of the parasite DNA. According to the NCBI-based websites, the Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates from the current study were closely similar in their nucleotide sequences with isolates from Norway, Egypt, and Iran. The present data indicate high infection levels by Sarcocystis spp. in slaughtered sheep, which could bring alarm for public health importance.","PeriodicalId":14655,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135458256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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