Pub Date : 2018-07-11DOI: 10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9192
N. Korylchuk
Currently, in most countries of the world there is a significant increase in mortality and morbidity of the population. The main reason for this trend is a sharp increase in non-communicable diseases. Ineffective diet, low physical activity against an unhealthy lifestyle and triggers non-communicable diseases. The article analyzes literary data on the prevalence, progression and consequences of overweight and obesity as a precondition for metabolic syndrome and one of the non-infectious diseases.The aim of the study – to show the importance of overweight and obesity as a precondition for MS.Materials and Methods. The review and analysis of scientific and medical literature data is carried out.Results and Discussion. It is obesity that is considered to be a link between various diseases that fall within the competence of cardiologists, endocrinologists, rheumatologists, nephrologists, gastroenterologists, obstetrician-gynecologists, surgeons and other specialists. Scientists consider obesity as a complex problem that determines the health status of the population and predictors of the development of complications. A large number of papers are devoted to the study of the effects of overweight and obesity on type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular complications, joint problems, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, infertility, erectile dysfunction and other diseases. All of these diseases are a heavy burden not only on the patient, his family, and society as a whole. The epidemiological phenomenon of obesity has an important clinical aspect, since obesity greatly increases the morbidity and mortality of the population throughout the planet. Therefore, obesity is not only a medical but also a social, economic problem of the modern society of all countries. In practice, the physician often states overweight and obesity, without paying due attention to studying the problem, identifying its origin, seeking motivation for treatment and the very ways of treatment.Conclusions. Analysis of literature sources proves the relevance of in-depth study of a patient with overweight and obesity, not only in the aspect of clinical and laboratory examinations, but also psychological and social.
{"title":"ОЖИРІННЯ ЯК ПЕРЕДУМОВА МЕТАБОЛІЧНОГО СИНДРОМУ (ОГЛЯД ЛІТЕРАТУРИ)","authors":"N. Korylchuk","doi":"10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9192","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, in most countries of the world there is a significant increase in mortality and morbidity of the population. The main reason for this trend is a sharp increase in non-communicable diseases. Ineffective diet, low physical activity against an unhealthy lifestyle and triggers non-communicable diseases. The article analyzes literary data on the prevalence, progression and consequences of overweight and obesity as a precondition for metabolic syndrome and one of the non-infectious diseases.The aim of the study – to show the importance of overweight and obesity as a precondition for MS.Materials and Methods. The review and analysis of scientific and medical literature data is carried out.Results and Discussion. It is obesity that is considered to be a link between various diseases that fall within the competence of cardiologists, endocrinologists, rheumatologists, nephrologists, gastroenterologists, obstetrician-gynecologists, surgeons and other specialists. Scientists consider obesity as a complex problem that determines the health status of the population and predictors of the development of complications. A large number of papers are devoted to the study of the effects of overweight and obesity on type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular complications, joint problems, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, infertility, erectile dysfunction and other diseases. All of these diseases are a heavy burden not only on the patient, his family, and society as a whole. The epidemiological phenomenon of obesity has an important clinical aspect, since obesity greatly increases the morbidity and mortality of the population throughout the planet. Therefore, obesity is not only a medical but also a social, economic problem of the modern society of all countries. In practice, the physician often states overweight and obesity, without paying due attention to studying the problem, identifying its origin, seeking motivation for treatment and the very ways of treatment.Conclusions. Analysis of literature sources proves the relevance of in-depth study of a patient with overweight and obesity, not only in the aspect of clinical and laboratory examinations, but also psychological and social.","PeriodicalId":146679,"journal":{"name":"Вісник наукових досліджень","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132886262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-11DOI: 10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9154
V. O. Beskyy, Z. M. Nebesna, M. Marushchak, L. A. Hryshchuk
Submicroscopic studies of the respiratory part of the lungs after 2 and 6 hours after the experimental acute lung injury with hydrochloric acid established adaptive-compensatory and destructive changes in the components of the air-blood barrier.The aim of the study – to learn submicroscopic changes in the components of the air-blood barrier of the lungs in the early period after acute lung injury.Materials and Methods. The experiments were carried out on 30 white mature non-linear male rats weighing 200–220 g. The animals were divided into 3 groups: 1 – control group, 2 – hydrochloric acid damage after 2 hours, 3 – hydrochloric acid damage after 6 hour.Results and Discussion. In an experiment on mature white rats, a study was made of the submicroscopic state of the components of the air-blood barrier in the early periods after acute lung injury. It has been established that adaptive-compensatory and initial destructive changes of the alveolar epithelium and the walls of the hemocapillary take place at 2 o'clock in the experiment. The cytoplasm of respiratory epitheliocytes during this period of the experiment was focal-edematous and enlightened, organelles were destructively altered. For alveolocytes of type I, there was a significant swelling and clarification of the cytoplasm. During this period of the experiment, an increased number of actively phagocytizing macrophages appeared, which acquired a rounded shape, clearly contoured membranes of the cariolema, their invaginations were determined, and in the karyoplasm euchromatin predominated. In alveolocytes of type II, after 6 hours, the progression of destructive changes was established. For which there were peculiarity hypertrophied nuclei with deep invagination of the cariolema, in which there were few nuclear pores, locally expanded perinuclear space. In the edematous cytoplasm, organelles were found to be destructively altered.Conclusions. Acute damage to the lungs leads to a disruption of the ultrastructural organization of the air-blood barrier. Established adaptive-compensatory processes and signs of destructive changes in the alveolar epithelium and the walls of hemocapillaries, which leads to deterioration of gas-exchange processes in the lungs.
{"title":"СУБМІКРОСКОПІЧНІ ЗМІНИ КОМПОНЕНТІВ АЕРОГЕМАТИЧНОГО БАР’ЄРУ РЕСПІРАТОРНОГО ВІДДІЛУ ЛЕГЕНЬ ЩУРІВ У РАННІ ТЕРМІНИ ПІСЛЯ ГОСТРОГО УРАЖЕННЯ ХЛОРИДНОЮ КИСЛОТОЮ","authors":"V. O. Beskyy, Z. M. Nebesna, M. Marushchak, L. A. Hryshchuk","doi":"10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9154","url":null,"abstract":"Submicroscopic studies of the respiratory part of the lungs after 2 and 6 hours after the experimental acute lung injury with hydrochloric acid established adaptive-compensatory and destructive changes in the components of the air-blood barrier.The aim of the study – to learn submicroscopic changes in the components of the air-blood barrier of the lungs in the early period after acute lung injury.Materials and Methods. The experiments were carried out on 30 white mature non-linear male rats weighing 200–220 g. The animals were divided into 3 groups: 1 – control group, 2 – hydrochloric acid damage after 2 hours, 3 – hydrochloric acid damage after 6 hour.Results and Discussion. In an experiment on mature white rats, a study was made of the submicroscopic state of the components of the air-blood barrier in the early periods after acute lung injury. It has been established that adaptive-compensatory and initial destructive changes of the alveolar epithelium and the walls of the hemocapillary take place at 2 o'clock in the experiment. The cytoplasm of respiratory epitheliocytes during this period of the experiment was focal-edematous and enlightened, organelles were destructively altered. For alveolocytes of type I, there was a significant swelling and clarification of the cytoplasm. During this period of the experiment, an increased number of actively phagocytizing macrophages appeared, which acquired a rounded shape, clearly contoured membranes of the cariolema, their invaginations were determined, and in the karyoplasm euchromatin predominated. In alveolocytes of type II, after 6 hours, the progression of destructive changes was established. For which there were peculiarity hypertrophied nuclei with deep invagination of the cariolema, in which there were few nuclear pores, locally expanded perinuclear space. In the edematous cytoplasm, organelles were found to be destructively altered.Conclusions. Acute damage to the lungs leads to a disruption of the ultrastructural organization of the air-blood barrier. Established adaptive-compensatory processes and signs of destructive changes in the alveolar epithelium and the walls of hemocapillaries, which leads to deterioration of gas-exchange processes in the lungs.","PeriodicalId":146679,"journal":{"name":"Вісник наукових досліджень","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132199457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-11DOI: 10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.8997
O. Hudymenko, Y. Kuzenko, M. M. Demianenko, M. S. Skydanenko
This research presents the technique of numerical calculations of mandible fractures, taking into account morphometric parameters. The received stress-deformed state of the mandible fragments, fastening plate and screws allows us to estimate the relative degree of displacement of the fragments and to evaluate their state after the action of chewing loads of phase 4.The aim of the study – to analyze the behavior of the mandible fragments after fixing the angular mandible fracture with plates of different configurations using modern software complexes that implement the finite element method.Materials and Methods. The behavior mandible fragments after fixing the plates of different configurations was the computer simulation in the ANSYS Workbrench software, namely, its module Transient Structural, which implements the method of finite elements.Results and Discussion. After numerical calculations, it has been discovered that the use of computer technologies in maxillofacial surgery provides a more accurate picture of the treatment results, interaction and relative movement between parts of the system of "mandible fracture – plate – screws", which makes it possible to improve the treatment plan.Conclusions. The use modern software complexes of automated geometric modeling allows us tocreate high-precision models o biomechanical systems based on CT data followed by finite-element sampling ad a numerical experiment in engineering analysis system.
{"title":"ВИКОРИСТАННЯ МЕТОДУ СКІНЧЕННИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ ДЛЯ ЛІКУВАННІ АНГУЛЯРНИХ ПЕРЕЛОМІВ НИЖНЬОЇ ЩЕЛЕПИ","authors":"O. Hudymenko, Y. Kuzenko, M. M. Demianenko, M. S. Skydanenko","doi":"10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.8997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.8997","url":null,"abstract":"This research presents the technique of numerical calculations of mandible fractures, taking into account morphometric parameters. The received stress-deformed state of the mandible fragments, fastening plate and screws allows us to estimate the relative degree of displacement of the fragments and to evaluate their state after the action of chewing loads of phase 4.The aim of the study – to analyze the behavior of the mandible fragments after fixing the angular mandible fracture with plates of different configurations using modern software complexes that implement the finite element method.Materials and Methods. The behavior mandible fragments after fixing the plates of different configurations was the computer simulation in the ANSYS Workbrench software, namely, its module Transient Structural, which implements the method of finite elements.Results and Discussion. After numerical calculations, it has been discovered that the use of computer technologies in maxillofacial surgery provides a more accurate picture of the treatment results, interaction and relative movement between parts of the system of \"mandible fracture – plate – screws\", which makes it possible to improve the treatment plan.Conclusions. The use modern software complexes of automated geometric modeling allows us tocreate high-precision models o biomechanical systems based on CT data followed by finite-element sampling ad a numerical experiment in engineering analysis system.","PeriodicalId":146679,"journal":{"name":"Вісник наукових досліджень","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122010011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-11DOI: 10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9207
P. B. Romaniuk
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias in the heart, and it is a potent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death from all causes.The aim of the study – to identify predictors of the risk of death from all causes in patients with a persistent form of atrial fibrillation (PFTF) of non-valvular etiology.Materials and Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 146 histories of diseases of patients with non-valvular PA F with inpatient treatment, 16 patients died at the time of the study, which were subject to further analysis. For heart rate controll, the therapy of BB (bisoprolol and carvedilol) was performed. The endpoint of the study was death from all causes. An assessment of heart rate control on ECG data and echocardiographic parameters were performed at the time of discharge.Results and Discussion. In the group of patients undergoing analysis, strict heart rate control was prevalent. There was an increase in the size of both atriums, the volume of LV , its moderate hypertrophy, moderate regurgitation on the mitral and tricuspidal valve according to the echocardiography data. At the time of discharge, the dosage for heart rate controll was: bisoprolol – (5.6±2) mg, carvedilol – (20±2.3) mg, digoxin – (0.19±0.07) mg. Then we determined the predictors risk increasing of death from all causes. Onefactor regression analysis revealed that the risk of death from all causes among patients with PA F significantly increased with a history of COPD in patient anamnesis (p = 0.01), as well as increase in the NYHA functional class of HF on the scale for each unit (p = 0.046). In multivariate regression analysis, where indicators were selected using stepwise method, the risk of death from all causes in patients with PA F in the presence of COPD in patient anamnesis increased significantly when standardized by other risk factors (p=0.01).Conclusions. Independent risk increasing predictors of the death from all causes in patients with PA F non-valvular etiology are the presence of COPD in patient anamnesis and the increasing of NYHA functional class HF. The death risk from all causes in these patients significantly increases with the presence of COPD in patient anamnesis when standardized by other factors. The study complements the existing data on the importance of heart rate controll in patients with PA F and the correctness of the treatment concomitant HF. The obtained results are new and important for revealing the reasons of high mortality of this category of patients and ways of correction of their treatment.
{"title":"ПРЕДИКТОРИ ЗРОСТАННЯ РИЗИКУ СМЕРТІ ВІД УСІХ ПРИЧИН У ПАЦІЄНТІВ ІЗ ПОСТІЙНОЮ ФОРМОЮ ФІБРИЛЯЦІЇ ПЕРЕДСЕРДЬ НЕКЛАПАННОЇ ЕТІОЛОГІЇ","authors":"P. B. Romaniuk","doi":"10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9207","url":null,"abstract":"Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias in the heart, and it is a potent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death from all causes.The aim of the study – to identify predictors of the risk of death from all causes in patients with a persistent form of atrial fibrillation (PFTF) of non-valvular etiology.Materials and Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 146 histories of diseases of patients with non-valvular PA F with inpatient treatment, 16 patients died at the time of the study, which were subject to further analysis. For heart rate controll, the therapy of BB (bisoprolol and carvedilol) was performed. The endpoint of the study was death from all causes. An assessment of heart rate control on ECG data and echocardiographic parameters were performed at the time of discharge.Results and Discussion. In the group of patients undergoing analysis, strict heart rate control was prevalent. There was an increase in the size of both atriums, the volume of LV , its moderate hypertrophy, moderate regurgitation on the mitral and tricuspidal valve according to the echocardiography data. At the time of discharge, the dosage for heart rate controll was: bisoprolol – (5.6±2) mg, carvedilol – (20±2.3) mg, digoxin – (0.19±0.07) mg. Then we determined the predictors risk increasing of death from all causes. Onefactor regression analysis revealed that the risk of death from all causes among patients with PA F significantly increased with a history of COPD in patient anamnesis (p = 0.01), as well as increase in the NYHA functional class of HF on the scale for each unit (p = 0.046). In multivariate regression analysis, where indicators were selected using stepwise method, the risk of death from all causes in patients with PA F in the presence of COPD in patient anamnesis increased significantly when standardized by other risk factors (p=0.01).Conclusions. Independent risk increasing predictors of the death from all causes in patients with PA F non-valvular etiology are the presence of COPD in patient anamnesis and the increasing of NYHA functional class HF. The death risk from all causes in these patients significantly increases with the presence of COPD in patient anamnesis when standardized by other factors. The study complements the existing data on the importance of heart rate controll in patients with PA F and the correctness of the treatment concomitant HF. The obtained results are new and important for revealing the reasons of high mortality of this category of patients and ways of correction of their treatment.","PeriodicalId":146679,"journal":{"name":"Вісник наукових досліджень","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124077334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-11DOI: 10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9006
A. Chetaikina, E. Y. Skliarov
Recently, the number of publications on the link between respiratory diseases and Helicobacter Pylori infection was growing. Especially, this was observed for COPD , bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis and lung cancer.The aim of the study – to evaluate the correlation between the levels of H. pylori IgG and spirometry data for COPD patients.Materials and Methods. The total of 68 patients were examined, including 44 males (64.7 %) and 24 females (35.3 %). The patients were divided into two groups; group 1 included 23 patients mainly with stage 2 COPD , whereas group 2 made up of 45 COPD stage 3 patients. All the patients underwent general clinical tests, namely the collection of anamnestic data establishing the risk factors, course, COPD duration and recurrence rate, chest X-ray and spirometry.Results and Discussion. The examination of 68 patients with stage 2 and stage 3 COPD comorbid with gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers revealed smoking and H. pylori infection to be the major risk factors. The smoking history was significantly longer for stage 3 COPD patients, and there was a weak correlation between H. pylori IgG and smoking history length. Erosive and ulcerative defects were observed in both patient groups. H. pylori IgG levels were significantly higher in Stage 3 COPD patients, as compared to Stage 2 patients. The highlight of the work was to detect the correlation between helicobacter infection and both FEV 1 and FVC, while a significant decrease in these parameters backed with H. pylori infection was observed.Conclusions. The course of COPD is often accompanied by the appearance of erosive-ulcerative lesions of the gastroduodenal zone. Detection of negative correlation bonds between FEV 1 and FVC and H. pylori infection indicates a possible pathogenetic role of the helicobacter in the development of COPD . Provisions of Maastricht V should be used when detecting H. pylori infection with COPD patients.
{"title":"H. PYLORI-ІНФЕКЦІЯ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ ІЗ ХРОНІЧНИМ ОБСТРУКТИВНИМ ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯМ ЛЕГЕНЬ У ПОЄДНАННІ З ГАСТРОПАТІЯМИ","authors":"A. Chetaikina, E. Y. Skliarov","doi":"10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2018.2.9006","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the number of publications on the link between respiratory diseases and Helicobacter Pylori infection was growing. Especially, this was observed for COPD , bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis and lung cancer.The aim of the study – to evaluate the correlation between the levels of H. pylori IgG and spirometry data for COPD patients.Materials and Methods. The total of 68 patients were examined, including 44 males (64.7 %) and 24 females (35.3 %). The patients were divided into two groups; group 1 included 23 patients mainly with stage 2 COPD , whereas group 2 made up of 45 COPD stage 3 patients. All the patients underwent general clinical tests, namely the collection of anamnestic data establishing the risk factors, course, COPD duration and recurrence rate, chest X-ray and spirometry.Results and Discussion. The examination of 68 patients with stage 2 and stage 3 COPD comorbid with gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers revealed smoking and H. pylori infection to be the major risk factors. The smoking history was significantly longer for stage 3 COPD patients, and there was a weak correlation between H. pylori IgG and smoking history length. Erosive and ulcerative defects were observed in both patient groups. H. pylori IgG levels were significantly higher in Stage 3 COPD patients, as compared to Stage 2 patients. The highlight of the work was to detect the correlation between helicobacter infection and both FEV 1 and FVC, while a significant decrease in these parameters backed with H. pylori infection was observed.Conclusions. The course of COPD is often accompanied by the appearance of erosive-ulcerative lesions of the gastroduodenal zone. Detection of negative correlation bonds between FEV 1 and FVC and H. pylori infection indicates a possible pathogenetic role of the helicobacter in the development of COPD . Provisions of Maastricht V should be used when detecting H. pylori infection with COPD patients.","PeriodicalId":146679,"journal":{"name":"Вісник наукових досліджень","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130946687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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