Pub Date : 2016-04-04DOI: 10.19071/RIPB.2016.V6.3018
S. Basker
The increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance has made an important public health issue in the present scenario. Thus it is urging to develop alternate and more effective therapeutic strategies to treat both Gram-negative and Gram-positive microbes. Now a days silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized biologically gaining much importance with different applications as they are nontoxic and eco-friendliness. The antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous extracts of Eichhornia crassipes was evaluated with the panel of antibiotics like vancomycin, penicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline and microorganisms in the category of either gram positive or gram negative type. E. coli and S. aureus proved to be effective with highest zone formation. In addition, possible synergistic effects of antibiotics were loaded with standard concentration of 20 μl of AgNPs and the effect of inhibition was highest in the antibiotic Tetracycline followed by Streptomycin, Vancomycin and Penicillin with different tested microbes. The synergistic association of antibiotics with biosynthesized metallic silver nanoparticles proved to be effective against the tested microbes than control. The antibiotics showed higher zone of inhibition when added to AgNPs.
{"title":"Synergistic Efficacy of Antibiotics and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Eichhornia crassipes","authors":"S. Basker","doi":"10.19071/RIPB.2016.V6.3018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19071/RIPB.2016.V6.3018","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance has made an important public health issue in the present scenario. Thus it is urging to develop alternate and more effective therapeutic strategies to treat both Gram-negative and Gram-positive microbes. Now a days silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized biologically gaining much importance with different applications as they are nontoxic and eco-friendliness. The antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous extracts of Eichhornia crassipes was evaluated with the panel of antibiotics like vancomycin, penicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline and microorganisms in the category of either gram positive or gram negative type. E. coli and S. aureus proved to be effective with highest zone formation. In addition, possible synergistic effects of antibiotics were loaded with standard concentration of 20 μl of AgNPs and the effect of inhibition was highest in the antibiotic Tetracycline followed by Streptomycin, Vancomycin and Penicillin with different tested microbes. The synergistic association of antibiotics with biosynthesized metallic silver nanoparticles proved to be effective against the tested microbes than control. The antibiotics showed higher zone of inhibition when added to AgNPs.","PeriodicalId":146947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Plant Biology","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133904156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many analytical methods are in use to analyse plant hormones in different plants. Here this work provides a sensitive, accurate and quite accessible GC-MS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) method to quantify phytohormones indole-3-aceticacid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). These signaling molecules were analysed in two different plants, tomato and tobacco grown in vitro. The protocol designed to assess, how abiotic stress brings about changes in the level of endogenous hormones in the leaves of both the plants under study. A hormone profile of salt stressed leaves shows that different plant hormones are involved in diverse physiologicsl processes. Crosstalk between these hormones result in synergetic or antagonic interactions which have important roles to play in abiotic stress response.
{"title":"Stress causing dynamic changes of four phytohormones in tobacco and tomato: A GC-MS analysis","authors":"C. Roy, Smriti Ranjan Maji, Swati Gupta Bhattacharya Tapas Kumar Ghose","doi":"10.25081/RIPB.2019.V9.3753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/RIPB.2019.V9.3753","url":null,"abstract":"Many analytical methods are in use to analyse plant hormones in different plants. Here this work provides a sensitive, accurate and quite accessible GC-MS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) method to quantify phytohormones indole-3-aceticacid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). These signaling molecules were analysed in two different plants, tomato and tobacco grown in vitro. The protocol designed to assess, how abiotic stress brings about changes in the level of endogenous hormones in the leaves of both the plants under study. A hormone profile of salt stressed leaves shows that different plant hormones are involved in diverse physiologicsl processes. Crosstalk between these hormones result in synergetic or antagonic interactions which have important roles to play in abiotic stress response.","PeriodicalId":146947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Plant Biology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126399823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25081/ripb.2018.v8.3657
B. Kelly, J. Bouvet
The dynamics of the natural regeneration of Vitellaria paradoxa (karité or shea tree) was studied in southern Mali with the aim of assessing the effect of human practices of land use (forest, fallow). Different categories of regeneration were monitored during three years in forest and fallow stands. The spatial distribution, the density and the growth of the regeneration were studied and stands were compared using SAS’s GLM procedure. Time effect and the different interactions were tested using SAS’s repeated measures method. The regeneration was differently distributed in the stands. In the fallow stand it occurred across the whole area while in the forest stand it appeared as Patches Under Karité trees (PUK), Patches Under Other tree Species (PUOS) and Patches Out of any Cover (POC). The density of the regeneration was higher in the fallow stand, but the effect of stand was not significant for height growth. In the forest stand, patch effect on measured variables was weak. A significant time effect on height growth was observed and the time*patch interaction was significant also. Variations of density and growth were observed according to year, suggesting high sensitivity of shea tree natural regeneration to varying environmental conditions.
{"title":"EFFECT OF LAND MANAGEMENT ON THE DYNAMICS OF NATURAL REGENERATION OF AGROFORESTRY PARKLAND FOREST TREE SPECIES. CASE STUDY OF VITELLARIA PARADOXA IN SOUTHERN MALI (WEST AFRICA)","authors":"B. Kelly, J. Bouvet","doi":"10.25081/ripb.2018.v8.3657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/ripb.2018.v8.3657","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of the natural regeneration of Vitellaria paradoxa (karité or shea tree) was studied in southern Mali with the aim of assessing the effect of human practices of land use (forest, fallow). Different categories of regeneration were monitored during three years in forest and fallow stands. The spatial distribution, the density and the growth of the regeneration were studied and stands were compared using SAS’s GLM procedure. Time effect and the different interactions were tested using SAS’s repeated measures method. The regeneration was differently distributed in the stands. In the fallow stand it occurred across the whole area while in the forest stand it appeared as Patches Under Karité trees (PUK), Patches Under Other tree Species (PUOS) and Patches Out of any Cover (POC). The density of the regeneration was higher in the fallow stand, but the effect of stand was not significant for height growth. In the forest stand, patch effect on measured variables was weak. A significant time effect on height growth was observed and the time*patch interaction was significant also. Variations of density and growth were observed according to year, suggesting high sensitivity of shea tree natural regeneration to varying environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":146947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Plant Biology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134455589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25081/RIPB.2019.V9.3752
Qasim Raza, Z. Ali, Ihsan Karim, M. Ajmal, Muhammad Umer Khan
Triple pistil (TP) wheat is a novel genetic resource which holds the ability to produce three grains in a single floret. In this research, TP wheat derived two F2 populations were studied to investigate genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, genetic correlation, inheritance pattern and potential of TP trait for grain yield improvement. Phenological data were recorded for 12 morpho-agronomic traits. Most of the traits exhibited significant genetic variability (P ≤ 0.05) for further trait improvement. Strong positive genetic correlations (r ≥ 0.99 at P ≤ 0.01) were computed within yield contributing and yield limiting traits, indicating common genes controlling these traits and opportunity for simultaneous improvement. Inheritance analysis indicated double dominant (15:1) and double recessive (9:7) epistatic ratios in investigated populations, proposing that TP trait was controlled by two nuclear epistatic genes. In conclusion, TP wheat is a valuable germplasm resource for grain yield improvement and floral development studies.
{"title":"Genetic Analysis of Triple Pistil Wheat Derived F2 Populations to Enhance Genetic Yield Potential","authors":"Qasim Raza, Z. Ali, Ihsan Karim, M. Ajmal, Muhammad Umer Khan","doi":"10.25081/RIPB.2019.V9.3752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/RIPB.2019.V9.3752","url":null,"abstract":"Triple pistil (TP) wheat is a novel genetic resource which holds the ability to produce three grains in a single floret. In this research, TP wheat derived two F2 populations were studied to investigate genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, genetic correlation, inheritance pattern and potential of TP trait for grain yield improvement. Phenological data were recorded for 12 morpho-agronomic traits. Most of the traits exhibited significant genetic variability (P ≤ 0.05) for further trait improvement. Strong positive genetic correlations (r ≥ 0.99 at P ≤ 0.01) were computed within yield contributing and yield limiting traits, indicating common genes controlling these traits and opportunity for simultaneous improvement. Inheritance analysis indicated double dominant (15:1) and double recessive (9:7) epistatic ratios in investigated populations, proposing that TP trait was controlled by two nuclear epistatic genes. In conclusion, TP wheat is a valuable germplasm resource for grain yield improvement and floral development studies.","PeriodicalId":146947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Plant Biology","volume":"4 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131207630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25081/RIPB.2017.V7.3422
A. Kandil, Alkhamsa K. D. Botabaah
To explore the impact of antioxidants types and levels prim on seed germination characters of some bread wheat cultivars under salinity stress. An experiment accompanied in seed science lab during November and December 2016, to study the response of antioxidants seed prim of some bread wheat cultivars to germinate under salinity levels. The highest of final percentages of germination (96.8 %), higher percentages of germination energy (58.11 %), highest values of germination index (0.970) and a smaller amount of germination time (2.29 d) obtained from sown Misr 1 variety. The results showed that maximum of percentages of germination (91.15 %) and germination index (0.951) obtained from soaking in humic acid. The maximum percentages of energy of germination (41.21 %) and the less mean germination time (2.77 d from soaking grains in ascorbic acid compared with without antioxidants. Increasing antioxidant concentrations to 200 ppm produced the highest percentages of germination (91.61 %), energy of germination (37.63 %), germination index (0.953) and the lowermost of mean germination time (2.97 d) compared with without antioxidants and level of 100 ppm. Increasing salinity to 160 mmol during germination of wheat cultivars significantly reduced percentages of germination by 18.5 %, energy of germination by 96.7 %, germination index by 18.6 % and mean germination time by 53.5 % compared with without salinity (control). Whereas, for reducing the gap between production and consumption, it could be recommended that soaking bread wheat in humic acid or ascorbic acid at 200 mmol under salinity stress enhanced seed viability and advise to sown under saline new reclaimed soil.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF ANTIOXIDANTS AND SALINITY STRESS ON SEED VIABILITY CHARACTERS OF SOME WHEAT CULTIVARS","authors":"A. Kandil, Alkhamsa K. D. Botabaah","doi":"10.25081/RIPB.2017.V7.3422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/RIPB.2017.V7.3422","url":null,"abstract":"To explore the impact of antioxidants types and levels prim on seed germination characters of some bread wheat cultivars under salinity stress. An experiment accompanied in seed science lab during November and December 2016, to study the response of antioxidants seed prim of some bread wheat cultivars to germinate under salinity levels. The highest of final percentages of germination (96.8 %), higher percentages of germination energy (58.11 %), highest values of germination index (0.970) and a smaller amount of germination time (2.29 d) obtained from sown Misr 1 variety. The results showed that maximum of percentages of germination (91.15 %) and germination index (0.951) obtained from soaking in humic acid. The maximum percentages of energy of germination (41.21 %) and the less mean germination time (2.77 d from soaking grains in ascorbic acid compared with without antioxidants. Increasing antioxidant concentrations to 200 ppm produced the highest percentages of germination (91.61 %), energy of germination (37.63 %), germination index (0.953) and the lowermost of mean germination time (2.97 d) compared with without antioxidants and level of 100 ppm. Increasing salinity to 160 mmol during germination of wheat cultivars significantly reduced percentages of germination by 18.5 %, energy of germination by 96.7 %, germination index by 18.6 % and mean germination time by 53.5 % compared with without salinity (control). Whereas, for reducing the gap between production and consumption, it could be recommended that soaking bread wheat in humic acid or ascorbic acid at 200 mmol under salinity stress enhanced seed viability and advise to sown under saline new reclaimed soil.","PeriodicalId":146947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Plant Biology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122019498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25081/RIPB.2018.V8.3466
B. Kelly, M. Poudyal, J. Bouvet
We monitored flowering, fruiting and leafing of Vitellaria paradoxa (shea tree) along the north–south gradient in Mali (West Africa), using three study sites for a period of three years. In each site, adult shea trees were marked and monitored in permanent plots of both field and fallow stands. The chronology of phenophases and their mean length as well as flowering and fruiting were assessed. Our data revealed significant variation according to site and stand. The onset of events starts earlier in the south than in the centre or north, but the period covered by events was almost the same for all sites (3 to 6 months for flowering; 5 to 6 months for fruiting; and 2 to 4 months before full leafing).Flowering and fruiting were more regular in the south, but often as high in the north, with an almost similar trend in both fields and fallows. In the centre, flowering was also high in fields as well as in fallows, while the fruiting was medium to high. We also observed variations in the mean length of phenological events in study sites and stands. Sites in the south showed the highest average length of flowering and leafing (76 days and 44 days, respectively), while the central site showed the greatest length of mean fruiting (110 days). We observed a significant site*stand interaction and noticeable variation over the years. Our study indicates that phenological events of shea tree could be influenced by several interacting biotic and abiotic factors. A future research challenge in shea phenology would be to discriminate these factors and thus help sustainable management of shea tree parklands.
{"title":"Variation of Vitellaria paradoxa phenophases along the north-south gradient in Mali","authors":"B. Kelly, M. Poudyal, J. Bouvet","doi":"10.25081/RIPB.2018.V8.3466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/RIPB.2018.V8.3466","url":null,"abstract":"We monitored flowering, fruiting and leafing of Vitellaria paradoxa (shea tree) along the north–south gradient in Mali (West Africa), using three study sites for a period of three years. In each site, adult shea trees were marked and monitored in permanent plots of both field and fallow stands. The chronology of phenophases and their mean length as well as flowering and fruiting were assessed. Our data revealed significant variation according to site and stand. The onset of events starts earlier in the south than in the centre or north, but the period covered by events was almost the same for all sites (3 to 6 months for flowering; 5 to 6 months for fruiting; and 2 to 4 months before full leafing).Flowering and fruiting were more regular in the south, but often as high in the north, with an almost similar trend in both fields and fallows. In the centre, flowering was also high in fields as well as in fallows, while the fruiting was medium to high. We also observed variations in the mean length of phenological events in study sites and stands. Sites in the south showed the highest average length of flowering and leafing (76 days and 44 days, respectively), while the central site showed the greatest length of mean fruiting (110 days). We observed a significant site*stand interaction and noticeable variation over the years. Our study indicates that phenological events of shea tree could be influenced by several interacting biotic and abiotic factors. A future research challenge in shea phenology would be to discriminate these factors and thus help sustainable management of shea tree parklands.","PeriodicalId":146947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Plant Biology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123771285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25081/RIPB.2018.V8.3659
Hatice Sahiner Oylek Salih Keskin Ozkan Kaya, Ismail Esmek Nihat Ozkan Remzi Kokargul Ahmet Aslan, Sezai Ercisli Tuncay Kan Selahattin Albayrak
The seedlings of apricot are more inexpensive and have benefits like physiological compatibility between scion and rootstock, high tolerance to nematodes and hardiness to sulphate salts and chlorides [1,2]. Due to these advantages, local rootstocks are widely used in Asian and European countries [2,3,4]. However, they are susceptible to both oak root fungus and Verticillium wilt [5]. Therefore, apricot seedlings are not commonly used in commercial plantings. For overcome these problems, plum clonal rootstocks are often used as a rootstock for apricot. But plum clonal rootstocks are not so useful due to incompatibility to cultivars and other local cultivars [6].
{"title":"SELECTION OF SEEDLING ROOTSTOCK FOR APRICOT","authors":"Hatice Sahiner Oylek Salih Keskin Ozkan Kaya, Ismail Esmek Nihat Ozkan Remzi Kokargul Ahmet Aslan, Sezai Ercisli Tuncay Kan Selahattin Albayrak","doi":"10.25081/RIPB.2018.V8.3659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/RIPB.2018.V8.3659","url":null,"abstract":"The seedlings of apricot are more inexpensive and have benefits like physiological compatibility between scion and rootstock, high tolerance to nematodes and hardiness to sulphate salts and chlorides [1,2]. Due to these advantages, local rootstocks are widely used in Asian and European countries [2,3,4]. However, they are susceptible to both oak root fungus and Verticillium wilt [5]. Therefore, apricot seedlings are not commonly used in commercial plantings. For overcome these problems, plum clonal rootstocks are often used as a rootstock for apricot. But plum clonal rootstocks are not so useful due to incompatibility to cultivars and other local cultivars [6].","PeriodicalId":146947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Plant Biology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131608809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：