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Sequential Decarboxylation, Substitution, Cyclization and Oxidation with Iodine-DMSO Catalytic System: A New Methodology for the Construction of Imidazoquinoxaline Motifs 碘-二甲基亚砜催化体系的顺序脱羧、取代、环化和氧化:构建咪唑喹喔啉基团的新方法
IF 1.9 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202404332
Yakkanti Chiranjeevi, Ganta Ravi Kumar, Lakinani Vaikunta Rao, Srinuvasarao Golagani, Gorle Simhachalam, Apuri Satyender

A one-pot synthetic protocol has been developed using aryl acetic acid as new and alternate surrogate for the synthesis of 4-aryl imidazoquinoxalines with molecular iodine-DMSO green catalytic system under classical heating at 100–110 °C. A variety of quinoxaline derivatives containing quinoline are prepared by using this methodology. This new protocol has a potential to tolerate broad substrates, that is, different amines and aryl acetic acids.

在 100-110 °C的经典加热条件下,以芳基乙酸作为新的替代代用品,在碘-DMSO 绿色分子催化体系中合成 4-芳基咪唑喹喔啉,并开发了一种单锅合成方案。利用这种方法制备了多种含喹啉的喹喔啉衍生物。这种新方法具有耐受多种底物(即不同的胺和芳基乙酸)的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis of Oxazolines using Aldol/Cyclization Cascade Reactions Employing 1,1-Diaminobenzalazine as Organocatalyst 以 1,1-二氨基苯并恶嗪为有机催化剂,利用醛醇/环化级联反应合成恶唑啉类化合物
IF 1.9 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202405002
Kriti Mehta, Aabid A. Wani, Subhash C. Sahoo, Prasad V. Bharatam

1,1-Diaminobenzalazine has been recently reported to catalyze different types of Michael addition reactions; this organic molecule has unique characteristic features for bifunctional organocatalysis. Organocatalysts were shown to be useful in different aldol/cyclization cascade reactions, it is important to establish whether 1,1-diaminobenzalazine can be employed in the aldol/cyclization cascade reactions. In this work, the synthesis of oxazolines with the help of organocatalyst, 1,1-diaminobenzalazine, has been reported. This method is relatively more efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally safe as it avoids the use of metal oxides as co-catalysts.

最近有报道称,1,1-二氨基苯丙肼可催化不同类型的迈克尔加成反应;这种有机分子具有独特的双功能有机催化特性。有机催化剂被证明可用于不同的醛醇/环化级联反应,因此确定 1,1-二氨基苯丙肼是否可用于醛醇/环化级联反应非常重要。在这项工作中,报告了借助有机催化剂 1,1-二氨基苄肼合成恶唑啉类化合物的方法。这种方法避免了使用金属氧化物作为助催化剂,因此相对更高效、更经济、更环保。
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引用次数: 0
Core-shell Structured Nano CuO@CER Composites for the Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue 用于光电催化降解亚甲基蓝的核壳结构纳米 CuO@CER 复合材料
IF 1.9 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202403754
Guanyu Liang, Prof. Ying Wang, Xinyu Dong, Prof. Fen Xu

The composite material of nano CuO loaded on ion exchange resin (CuO@CER) as the carrier was prepared successfully by constant temperature oscillation and hydrothermal synthesis methods. It was applied to the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) as an organic pollutant, and further to explore the optimal conditions for CuO@CER photoelectrocatalytic degradation of MB. The results showed that the composite material had a typical core-shell structure, and the nano CuO loaded on the ion exchange resin had good crystallinity and high purity. CuO@CER exhibited excellent photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic performance towards MB, with degradation rates of 92.02% and 95.20% in 70 min under their respective optimal reaction conditions. Furthermore, the photoelectrocatalytic stability of CuO@CER was good relatively, and the degradation rates of MB exceeded 96% after 5 cycles of photoelectrocatalytic experiments. Free radical quenching experiments indicated that superoxide radicals were the main active groups during the photoelectrocatalysis. Additionally, the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation for MB under the electric field was briefly analyzed. This study will provide technical support for the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of organic dye wastewater.

采用恒温振荡法和水热合成法成功制备了以离子交换树脂为载体的纳米氧化铜(CuO@CER)复合材料。将其应用于有机污染物亚甲基蓝(MB)的光电催化降解,并进一步探讨了CuO@CER光电催化降解MB的最佳条件。结果表明,该复合材料具有典型的核壳结构,离子交换树脂上负载的纳米 CuO 结晶度好、纯度高。CuO@CER 对甲基溴具有优异的光催化和光电催化性能,在各自的最佳反应条件下,70 分钟内的降解率分别为 92.02% 和 95.20%。此外,CuO@CER 的光电催化稳定性相对较好,经过 5 个周期的光电催化实验后,甲基溴的降解率超过 96%。自由基淬灭实验表明,超氧自由基是光电催化过程中的主要活性基团。此外,还简要分析了甲基溴在电场作用下的光催化降解机理。该研究将为有机染料废水的光电催化降解提供技术支持。
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引用次数: 0
Fluoride Ions Sequestration From Contaminated Water Using PVA-Agar-Based Green Anion-Exchanger 利用基于 PVA-Agar 的绿色阴离子交换器螯合受污染水中的氟离子
IF 1.9 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202403080
Balram, Balbir Singh Kaith

The current work is focused on the designing of a green interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) PA@polyAAm:AN using polyvinyl alcohol-agar hybrid backbone and its subsequent conversion into an anion-exchanger PA@polyAAm:AN-AE through reduction of nitrile group in presence of LiAlH4. Further, the reduced form of IPN was quaternized using methyl iodide so that anion to anion exchange could take place between F and I anions. The primary objective of synthesizing an anion-exchanger was to eliminate F ions from contaminated water through the utilization of a prepared device. During the optimization of different experimental parameters for getting the optimal anion-exchange capacity (AEC), the favorable conditions found were: pH, 9.0; contact period, 120 min; adsorbent dosage, 30 mg and initial F ion concentration, 8.0 mg L−1. The pseudo-second order kinetic model best described the F ions adsorption kinetics, with a 0.97 R2 value. The rate constant (KF) was found to be 2.3, which further supported the validity of the Freundlich isotherm. Thus, the current study has remarkable potential with a 79.99% adsorption capacity for eliminating F ions. Moreover, the ecofriendly anion-exchanger prepared was found effective in the removal of F ions from aqueous medium up to four cycles during reusability analysis.

目前的工作重点是利用聚乙烯醇-琼脂杂交骨架设计一种绿色互穿聚合物网络(IPN)PA@polyAAm:AN,随后在 LiAlH4 的存在下通过还原腈基将其转化为阴离子交换剂 PA@polyAAm:AN-AE。此外,还使用碘甲烷对还原形式的 IPN 进行季铵化处理,以便在 F- 和 I- 阴离子之间进行阴离子交换。合成阴离子交换器的主要目的是利用制备的装置消除受污染水中的 F- 离子。在优化不同实验参数以获得最佳阴离子交换容量(AEC)的过程中,发现了以下有利条件:pH 值为 9.0;接触时间为 120 分钟;吸附剂用量为 30 毫克;F- 离子初始浓度为 8.0 毫克/升。伪二阶动力学模型对 F-离子吸附动力学的描述最佳,R2 值为 0.97。速率常数(KF)为 2.3,进一步证明了 Freundlich 等温线的有效性。因此,目前的研究具有显著的潜力,其消除 F- 离子的吸附能力达到 79.99%。此外,在可重复使用性分析中发现,所制备的环保型阴离子交换器能有效去除水介质中的 F- 离子,最多可循环使用四次。
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引用次数: 0
Recent Advances in Development of Bioactive Fluorinated Pyrazole Derivatives: A Review 开发具有生物活性的氟化吡唑衍生物的最新进展:综述
IF 1.9 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202403478
Priyesh H. Amin, Rajesh H. Vekariya, Sureshkumar K. Dhakhda

Fluorine, the most electronegative element, is currently used extensively in medicine, agrochemistry, and material science. Fluorinated compounds are expected to account for 30–50% of all active components now under development. It is difficult for medicinal chemists to discover new active compounds with higher efficacy, decreased mammalian toxicity, a better environmental profile, and a cheaper cost; yet, fluorinated pyrazole fits all of these criteria. The current review will provide an overview of the synthesis of pyrazoles with novel fluorinated substituents that have important uses in pharmaceutical and agricultural chemistry, with a focus on data published between 2011 and 2023. A concise table with the relevant literature references helped the reader to understand each derivative of fluorinated pyrazoles according to their biological activity.

氟是电负性最强的元素,目前被广泛应用于医药、农业化学和材料科学领域。氟化合物预计将占目前正在开发的所有活性成分的 30-50%。对于药物化学家来说,发现疗效更高、对哺乳动物毒性更小、对环境影响更小、成本更低的新活性化合物非常困难;然而,含氟吡唑符合所有这些标准。本综述将概述具有新型含氟取代基、在医药和农业化学中具有重要用途的吡唑的合成,重点关注 2011 年至 2023 年间发表的数据。附有相关文献参考文献的简明表格有助于读者根据其生物活性了解含氟吡唑的每种衍生物。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis of Substituted N'-(3,5,6,7,8-Pentafluoro-1,4-Dioxo-1,4-Dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)Hydrazides by Condensation of Acyl Hydrazines and Perfluoro-1,4-Naphthoquinone 酰基肼与全氟-1,4-萘醌缩合合成取代的 N'-(3,5,6,7,8-五氟-1,4-二氧代-1,4-二氢萘-2-基)酰肼
IF 1.9 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202404996
Ekaterina N. Kudryavtseva, Boris V. Lichitsky, Evgeny V. Tretyakov

The reaction of different acyl hydrazines with hexafluoro-1,4-napthoquinone was studied for the first time. It was demonstrated that this interaction stops at the substitution of one fluorine atom in the quinone moiety. Based on the observed reaction, a general approach to the synthesis of different pentafluoro-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl hydrazides was developed. It was revealed that optimal conditions for the condensation of hexafluoro-1,4-napthoquinone with hydrazides are reflux in MeOH for 0.25 h; note, the protocol does not require any chromatographic purification of the target products. The method is versatile and makes it possible to prepare products containing various substituents in the aryl part of the molecule. In addition, alkyl and heteroaryl hydrazides can be employed as starting compounds too, and the presence of hydroxy and cyano groups in the applied acyl hydrazines does not interfere with the condensation. The structure of one of the obtained products, namely 4-chloro-N□-(3,5,6,7,8-pentafluoro-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)benzohydrazide, was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. In crystals of this hydrazide, both NH groups form intermolecular hydrogen bonds that give rise to layers lying in the [001] plane. Prepared N'-(3,5,6,7,8-pentafluoro-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)hydrazides are of interest as redox-active ligands and precursors for obtaining a wide range of functionalized 1,4-napthoquinones for medicine chemistry.

首次研究了不同酰基肼与六氟-1,4-萘醌的反应。研究表明,这种相互作用在醌分子中的一个氟原子被取代后就停止了。根据观察到的反应,开发了合成不同五氟-1,4-二氧代-1,4-二氢萘-2-酰肼的一般方法。研究发现,六氟-1,4-萘醌与酰肼缩合的最佳条件是在 MeOH 中回流 0.25 小时;注意,该方案无需对目标产物进行任何色谱纯化。该方法用途广泛,可以制备分子芳基部分含有各种取代基的产品。此外,烷基和杂芳基肼也可用作起始化合物,而且所使用的酰基肼中存在的羟基和氰基不会干扰缩合反应。X 射线衍射证实了其中一种产物,即 4-氯-N□-(3,5,6,7,8-五氟-1,4-二氧代-1,4-二氢萘-2-基)苯甲酰肼的结构。在这种酰肼的晶体中,两个 NH 基团形成分子间氢键,在 [001] 平面上形成层。所制备的 N'-(3,5,6,7,8-五氟-1,4-二氧代-1,4-二氢萘-2-基)酰肼是一种具有氧化还原活性的配体,也是获得多种功能化 1,4-萘醌药物化学的前体。
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引用次数: 0
Cellulose Composite Aerogels with High Adsorption Capacity and Recyclability for Dye Removal 用于去除染料的高吸附容量和可回收性纤维素复合气凝胶
IF 1.9 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202402801
Yang Li, Zhongming Liu, Shoujuan Wang, Fangong Kong

Cellulose-based “biomass” adsorptive materials have gained significant attention because of their effectiveness in various applications. In this study, a cellulose composite aerogel with a rich three-dimensional network structure, low density, and high porosity was successfully obtained by the in situ self-polymerization of dopamine (DA) and acrylamide (AM) in an alkaline urine system. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and other analytical techniques were used to analyze the physical and chemical structures of the cellulose composite aerogels. The results revealed that the introduction of DA and AM into the aerogel enhanced the adsorption and mechanical properties of the active sites, thereby boosting adsorption capacity and recyclability. By optimizing the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) dye using a cellulose composite aerogel, a maximum adsorption capacity of 406.89 mg g was obtained. The MB dye adsorption curve of the cellulose composite aerogel conformed to the Langmuir model, which indicates high adsorption capacity and recyclability. This confirms the high application potential of the cellulose composite aerogel in wastewater treatments.

纤维素基 "生物质 "吸附材料因其在各种应用中的有效性而备受关注。本研究通过多巴胺(DA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)在碱性尿液体系中的原位自聚合反应,成功获得了一种具有丰富三维网络结构、低密度和高孔隙率的纤维素复合气凝胶。傅立叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、元素分析等分析技术用于分析纤维素复合气凝胶的物理和化学结构。结果表明,在气凝胶中引入 DA 和 AM 可增强活性位点的吸附性和机械性能,从而提高吸附能力和可回收性。通过优化纤维素复合气凝胶对亚甲基蓝(MB)染料的吸附,获得了 406.89 mg g 的最大吸附容量。纤维素复合气凝胶对亚甲蓝染料的吸附曲线符合 Langmuir 模型,这表明它具有很高的吸附能力和可回收性。这证实了纤维素复合气凝胶在废水处理中的巨大应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Urease Immobilization with Affinity Based Hybrid Nanopolymeric Membranes 利用基于亲和力的混合纳米聚合物膜固定尿素酶
IF 1.9 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202403297
Cansu İlke Kuru-Sumer, Fulden Ulucan-Karnak, Sinan Akgöl

Affınity based hybrid nanopolymeric membranes were developed in this work as a support material to immobilize urease. The hybrid membrane exhibits the desired characteristics and has potential applications in biotechnological and biomedical processes, particularly in artificial kidney devices that remove urea from blood. In this study, it was aimed to embed p(GMA) (glycidylmethacrylate) nanoparticles into HEMA(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) membranes and use them in urease enzyme immobilization. First, p(GMA) nanoparticles were synthesized with surfactant-free emulsion polymerization method. Then, a hybrid affinity system was developed by embedding p(GMA) nanoparticles in the p(HEMA) polymeric membranes synthesized by the free radical photopolymerization method. Following the characterization studies with dry mass analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, surface area calculations, and swelling tests of the hybrid membranes, and conditions (pH, temperature, and concentration) were optimized for urease immobilization. Urease was immobilized onto p(GMA) nanoparticles embedded in p(HEMA) hybrid membranes via adsorption. The maximum urease immobilization capacity of the p(GMA) nanoparticles embedded in p(HEMA) hybrid membranes was 31.85 µg/g. The hybrid membrane exhibits the desired characteristics and has potential applications in biotechnological and biomedical processes, particularly in artificial kidney devices that remove urea from blood.

这项研究开发了基于亲和力的混合纳米聚合物膜,作为固定尿素酶的支撑材料。这种混合膜具有所需的特性,在生物技术和生物医学过程中具有潜在的应用价值,特别是在从血液中去除尿素的人工肾脏装置中。本研究旨在将 p(GMA)(甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯)纳米粒子嵌入 HEMA(2-羟乙基甲基丙烯酸酯)膜,并将其用于固定尿素酶。首先,采用无表面活性剂乳液聚合法合成了 p(GMA)纳米粒子。然后,将 p(GMA)纳米粒子嵌入到用自由基光聚合法合成的 p(HEMA)聚合物膜中,开发了一种混合亲和系统。在对混合膜进行了干质量分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析、布鲁纳-艾美特-泰勒(BET)分析、表面积计算和溶胀试验等表征研究后,对脲酶固定化的条件(pH 值、温度和浓度)进行了优化。尿素酶通过吸附作用被固定在嵌入 p(HEMA)杂交膜的 p(GMA)纳米粒子上。嵌入 p(HEMA)杂交膜的 p(GMA)纳米粒子的最大尿素酶固定能力为 31.85 µg/g。该杂化膜具有理想的特性,有望应用于生物技术和生物医学过程,特别是用于去除血液中尿素的人工肾脏装置。
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引用次数: 0
A Comparative Study of Green and Chemically Prepared PEGylated Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles (ZnS-NPs) for Biological Applications 用于生物应用的绿色和化学制备的 PEG 化硫化锌纳米粒子 (ZnS-NPs) 的比较研究
IF 1.9 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202403736
Zia ur Rehman, Muhammad Aslam Khan, Nouman Rasheed Jathoi, Usama Rasool, Khalid S Almaary, Needa A. Bahkali, Junaid Ihsan, Syed Ali Imran Bokhari

This study compares chemical and green synthesized zinc sulfide nanoparticles for multiple biological properties. A chemical synthesis approach is utilized to synthesize PEGylated ZnS-NPs while the bulbs of Fritillariae cirrhosae bulbus are utilized for green synthesis. After extensive characterization, the NPs are examined for multifunctional biological properties such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, in vitro anticancer, and blood compatibility. Our study found that chemical synthesis results in higher yield and better dispersion behavior. However, the green ZnS-NPs possessed increased antibacterial and antiparasitic potential against Leishmania tropica as the NPs resulted in significant inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.156 and 0.312 mg/mL, respectively while IC50 of 115.21 and 128.5 µg/mL were observed for the promastigote and amastigote forms of parasite. Furthermore, Fritillaria cirrhosa (F. cirrhosa) synthesized NPs possessed slightly improved antioxidant properties and in vitro anticancer potential against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Despite differences in the biological properties, the NPs did not result in hemolytic behavior thus demonstrating the compatible nature against blood cells. It was thus evident from the present study that the chemical and green synthesis techniques not only result in NPs with different physicochemical characteristics but also significantly influence the bio-interaction of the obtained ZnS-NPs.

本研究比较了化学合成和绿色合成硫化锌纳米粒子的多种生物特性。本研究采用化学合成方法合成 PEG 化的 ZnS-NPs,同时利用 Fritillariae cirrhosae bulbus 的鳞茎进行绿色合成。在对 NPs 进行广泛表征后,对其多功能生物特性(如抗菌、抗氧化、体外抗癌和血液相容性)进行了研究。我们的研究发现,化学合成的产率更高、分散性更好。然而,绿色 ZnS-NPs 对热带利什曼病具有更高的抗菌和抗寄生虫潜力,因为这些 NPs 对金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)和枯草杆菌(B. subtilis)具有显著的抑制作用,最低抑制浓度(MIC)分别为 0.156 和 0.312 毫克/毫升,而对原生型和非原生型寄生虫的 IC50 分别为 115.21 和 128.5 微克/毫升。此外,Fritillaria cirrhosa(F. cirrhosa)合成的 NPs 对 MCF-7 乳腺癌细胞的抗氧化性和体外抗癌潜力略有提高。尽管在生物特性上存在差异,但这些 NPs 并未导致溶血行为,从而证明了它们对血细胞的相容性。因此,本研究表明,化学合成技术和绿色合成技术不仅会产生具有不同理化特性的 NPs,还会显著影响所获得的 ZnS-NPs 的生物相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Photosensitized 1,2-Sulfonylamination of Alkenes With Sulfonylamide 烯与磺酰胺的光敏化 1,2 磺化反应
IF 1.9 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202404815
Zhi-Jun Chen, Cong Huang, Zhen-Zhen Xie, Zhu-Jun Wang, Yu Zheng, Hao-Yue Xiang, Kai Chen, Hua Yang

Herein, we developed a metal-free, photosensitized strategy for difunctionalization of olefin feedstocks to access β-amino sulphone architectures, enabled by a tailor-made, readily accessible sulfonylamide bifunctional reagent. This protocol could accommodate a wide range of alkenes and a variety of sulfonylamides, with high yields and excellent regioselectivity. Given remarkably mild reaction conditions, readily accessible starting materials, excellent functional group tolerance, and well-defined regioselectivity, this approach would enable an efficient platform for the assembly of densely functionalized molecular scaffolds.

在此,我们开发了一种无金属、光敏化的烯烃原料双官能化策略,通过一种量身定制、易于获得的磺酰酰胺双官能试剂来获得 β-氨基砜结构。该方案适用于多种烯烃和多种磺酰酰胺,具有高产率和优异的区域选择性。由于反应条件非常温和、起始材料易于获得、官能团耐受性极佳且具有明确的区域选择性,这种方法将为组装高密度官能化分子支架提供一个高效平台。
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引用次数: 0
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