Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.1805
M. Szindler
Surface modification techniques play an important role in shaping the physicochemical properties of surgical tools. The article discusses the problem of the destruction of surgical scalpel blades and the methods of depositing thin films on them.
{"title":"Characteristics and electrochemical properties of Al2O3 thin films on surgical scalpel blades","authors":"M. Szindler","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.1805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1805","url":null,"abstract":"Surface modification techniques play an important role in shaping the physicochemical properties of surgical tools. The article discusses the problem of the destruction of surgical scalpel blades and the methods of depositing thin films on them.","PeriodicalId":14825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139305185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.1593
I. Antar, M. Othmani, K. Zarbane, M. El Oumami, Z. Beidouri
This paper is intended to investigate numerically and experimentally the influence of raster angle on the structural performance of an optimised printed structure.The topology optimisation (TO) problem for compliance minimisation using Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) method has been solved with a Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm (MBB) beam under three-point bending, then the resulting optimal design was additively manufactured using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) with varying raster angle. The mechanical behaviour of these geometries was investigated and compared. A numerical approach has been developed through a script in Python based on the G-code file and integrated into an ABAQUS to create a virtual sample identical to the physical specimen. The numerical results were coupled with an experimental investigation.The investigation presented in this work showed that the choice of raster significantly affects on the mechanical performance of the printed optimised structures. Indeed, the optimised structure printed with a 90 raster angle has the highest performance in contrast to 45 and 0, while the optimised structure printed at a 45 raster angle has an average performance. The experimental test validated the numerical data with an error of approximately 1.09%. Our numerical results are in good conformity with the experimental outcomes.In this research, we studied the impact of three raster angles (90, 45 and 0) on the mechanical behaviour of a FFF optimised part. The subsequent study will focus on the other print parameters, including the other raster angles.The analysis presented in this paper can be used for manufacturing a FFF optimised structure.This paper evaluates the effect of raster angle in printed optimised structures using a novel numerical approach. The presented results will establish a reference that many researchers can gear to develop the fabrication of TO structures by incorporating printing parameters.
{"title":"Bending behaviour of a topologically optimised ABS mesostructures 3D printed by the FDM process: numerical and experimental study","authors":"I. Antar, M. Othmani, K. Zarbane, M. El Oumami, Z. Beidouri","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.1593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1593","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is intended to investigate numerically and experimentally the influence of raster angle on the structural performance of an optimised printed structure.The topology optimisation (TO) problem for compliance minimisation using Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) method has been solved with a Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm (MBB) beam under three-point bending, then the resulting optimal design was additively manufactured using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) with varying raster angle. The mechanical behaviour of these geometries was investigated and compared. A numerical approach has been developed through a script in Python based on the G-code file and integrated into an ABAQUS to create a virtual sample identical to the physical specimen. The numerical results were coupled with an experimental investigation.The investigation presented in this work showed that the choice of raster significantly affects on the mechanical performance of the printed optimised structures. Indeed, the optimised structure printed with a 90 raster angle has the highest performance in contrast to 45 and 0, while the optimised structure printed at a 45 raster angle has an average performance. The experimental test validated the numerical data with an error of approximately 1.09%. Our numerical results are in good conformity with the experimental outcomes.In this research, we studied the impact of three raster angles (90, 45 and 0) on the mechanical behaviour of a FFF optimised part. The subsequent study will focus on the other print parameters, including the other raster angles.The analysis presented in this paper can be used for manufacturing a FFF optimised structure.This paper evaluates the effect of raster angle in printed optimised structures using a novel numerical approach. The presented results will establish a reference that many researchers can gear to develop the fabrication of TO structures by incorporating printing parameters.","PeriodicalId":14825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0110
J. Obolewicz
In higher education institutions and scientific institutes, works are carried out to improve activities by implementing various ideas of the quality of education, treated as newer and more effective forms of ensuring a higher degree of mastery of knowledge and skills in performing the learned profession.
{"title":"Improving activities in the processes of ensuring the quality of education in higher education schools and scientific institutes","authors":"J. Obolewicz","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.0110","url":null,"abstract":"In higher education institutions and scientific institutes, works are carried out to improve activities by implementing various ideas of the quality of education, treated as newer and more effective forms of ensuring a higher degree of mastery of knowledge and skills in performing the learned profession.","PeriodicalId":14825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":"24 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.1476
T. Tegnander, P. Wojtek, J. Żmudzki, G. Chladek
It is essential to acquire data that will allow the detection of problems occurring within anatomical material structures before the appearance of obvious symptoms of TMD and to design materials and devices in order to take preventive measures. The aim was to examine if asymmetrical changes in the mandible ramus height may indicate TMD. Hypotheses were that asymmetry may be an indicator of TMD and that trauma at a young age may lead to growth changes in the height of the mandibular ramus, hence asymmetries.An investigated group consisted of 65 patients with TMD, and the control group consisted of 20 patients with no TMD. The images were obtained with a Durr Vista Panoramic system. The differences in the height of the ramus were calculated. Statistical analysis of the results was performed.Most patients diagnosed with TMD experienced traumatic events in childhood, while no similar cases were reported in the control group. Significant asymmetry was also found in the TMD group. The gender of the patients did not influence the asymmetries. There was no correlation between the age of the patients and the asymmetry in patients with TMD. Still, the correlation occurred in the control group due to significant asymmetries for the youngest patients.The small size of the investigated and control group and the fact that patients come from a private clinic in a geographic area with a low population density were limiting factors.Asymmetries are an indicator of TMD, which may facilitate the early diagnosis of this TMD and the early implementation of treatment using polymeric materials. The knowledge that the development of asymmetry may be related to accidents in childhood or adolescence indicates that such patients should be subjected to preventive observation.The study offers knowledge useful for designing rehabilitation polymeric materials and devices. Asymmetrical changes in the mandible ramus high may be indicative of TMD. TMD is strongly associated with trauma declared by patients at a young age.
{"title":"An investigation of mandibular asymmetries in patients with TMD as an element of the design of dental polymeric devices for early rehabilitation","authors":"T. Tegnander, P. Wojtek, J. Żmudzki, G. Chladek","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.1476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1476","url":null,"abstract":"It is essential to acquire data that will allow the detection of problems occurring within anatomical material structures before the appearance of obvious symptoms of TMD and to design materials and devices in order to take preventive measures. The aim was to examine if asymmetrical changes in the mandible ramus height may indicate TMD. Hypotheses were that asymmetry may be an indicator of TMD and that trauma at a young age may lead to growth changes in the height of the mandibular ramus, hence asymmetries.An investigated group consisted of 65 patients with TMD, and the control group consisted of 20 patients with no TMD. The images were obtained with a Durr Vista Panoramic system. The differences in the height of the ramus were calculated. Statistical analysis of the results was performed.Most patients diagnosed with TMD experienced traumatic events in childhood, while no similar cases were reported in the control group. Significant asymmetry was also found in the TMD group. The gender of the patients did not influence the asymmetries. There was no correlation between the age of the patients and the asymmetry in patients with TMD. Still, the correlation occurred in the control group due to significant asymmetries for the youngest patients.The small size of the investigated and control group and the fact that patients come from a private clinic in a geographic area with a low population density were limiting factors.Asymmetries are an indicator of TMD, which may facilitate the early diagnosis of this TMD and the early implementation of treatment using polymeric materials. The knowledge that the development of asymmetry may be related to accidents in childhood or adolescence indicates that such patients should be subjected to preventive observation.The study offers knowledge useful for designing rehabilitation polymeric materials and devices. Asymmetrical changes in the mandible ramus high may be indicative of TMD. TMD is strongly associated with trauma declared by patients at a young age.","PeriodicalId":14825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.1478
W. Jastrzębski, M. Wilk, L. Klimek, B. Śmielak
Commercially pure titanium is recognised as one of the most biocompatible materials used in everyday medicine, particularly in prosthodontics. However, its high reactivity with oxygen and low thermal expansion makes titanium difficult to process, making it less popular as a material for porcelain fused to metal substructures. Analysing the available literature studies, both positive and negative effects of the oxide layer on the titanium-ceramic bond have been found. The given work attempted to anodically create oxide coatings in a 2% Na2SiO3 solution on commercially pure titanium, which could serve as substructures for crowns and dental bridges.Grade 2 titanium discs (diameter 20 mm, height 5 mm) were ground and polished. The alloy composition was determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis. The samples were divided into six groups and subjected to anodic oxidation in a 2% Na2SiO3 solution at constant voltages: 230 V, 270 V, 300 V, 350 V, 400 V, and a time of t = 1 min. The obtained oxide layers were examined by X-ray diffraction, chemical composition analysis, and SEM observation.Coating thicknesses ranging from 0.65 μm to 13.2 μm were obtained. Besides titanium oxide, an amorphous phase is present in the anodised layer.It is crucial to provide the ideal voltage directly related to the employed solution to maintain the useable thickness of the oxide layers. Variations in oxide layer thickness beyond optimal value may lead to exfoliating if it exceeds 1 μm or present fractures if it subceeds 1 μm.Titanium oxide layers obtained by anodic oxidation are mainly tested on their biocompatibility and tissue integration so important in implantology. However, the given paper focuses on creating oxide layers that may strengthen the bond between titanium and dental ceramics.
商业纯钛被公认为是日常医疗中生物相容性最好的材料之一，尤其是在义齿修复方面。然而，钛与氧气的高反应性和低热膨胀性使其难以加工，因此作为瓷与金属融合基底结构的材料不太受欢迎。通过分析现有的文献研究，我们发现氧化层对钛-陶瓷结合有积极和消极的影响。本研究尝试在 2% 的 Na2SiO3 溶液中对商业纯钛进行阳极氧化处理，以形成氧化层，用作牙冠和牙桥的基底结构。通过 X 射线荧光分析确定合金成分。样品分为六组，在 2%Na2SiO3 溶液中以恒定电压进行阳极氧化：电压为 230 V、270 V、300 V、350 V、400 V，时间为 t = 1 分钟。获得的氧化层通过 X 射线衍射、化学成分分析和扫描电镜观察进行了检验。除氧化钛外，阳极氧化层中还存在无定形相。提供与所使用溶液直接相关的理想电压对于保持氧化层的可用厚度至关重要。通过阳极氧化获得的氧化钛层主要测试其生物相容性和组织整合性，这在植入学中非常重要。通过阳极氧化获得的钛氧化层主要用于测试其生物相容性和组织整合性，这在种植学中非常重要。然而，本文的重点是创建可加强钛与牙科陶瓷之间结合力的氧化层。
{"title":"TiO2 coatings on titanium obtained by anodising in a 2% Na2SiO3 solution at various voltages","authors":"W. Jastrzębski, M. Wilk, L. Klimek, B. Śmielak","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.1478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1478","url":null,"abstract":"Commercially pure titanium is recognised as one of the most biocompatible materials used in everyday medicine, particularly in prosthodontics. However, its high reactivity with oxygen and low thermal expansion makes titanium difficult to process, making it less popular as a material for porcelain fused to metal substructures. Analysing the available literature studies, both positive and negative effects of the oxide layer on the titanium-ceramic bond have been found. The given work attempted to anodically create oxide coatings in a 2% Na2SiO3 solution on commercially pure titanium, which could serve as substructures for crowns and dental bridges.Grade 2 titanium discs (diameter 20 mm, height 5 mm) were ground and polished. The alloy composition was determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis. The samples were divided into six groups and subjected to anodic oxidation in a 2% Na2SiO3 solution at constant voltages: 230 V, 270 V, 300 V, 350 V, 400 V, and a time of t = 1 min. The obtained oxide layers were examined by X-ray diffraction, chemical composition analysis, and SEM observation.Coating thicknesses ranging from 0.65 μm to 13.2 μm were obtained. Besides titanium oxide, an amorphous phase is present in the anodised layer.It is crucial to provide the ideal voltage directly related to the employed solution to maintain the useable thickness of the oxide layers. Variations in oxide layer thickness beyond optimal value may lead to exfoliating if it exceeds 1 μm or present fractures if it subceeds 1 μm.Titanium oxide layers obtained by anodic oxidation are mainly tested on their biocompatibility and tissue integration so important in implantology. However, the given paper focuses on creating oxide layers that may strengthen the bond between titanium and dental ceramics.","PeriodicalId":14825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":"176 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.1595
G. Wróbel, M. Kalicki, K. Walczak
To evaluate the effectiveness of determining the strength of loose rings made, polymer laminate, using a 3-point bending test of rectangular material specimens differing in form and dimensions from actual structural components.The analysis carried out indicated a method of quantitative evaluation that could be directly related to the operating conditions of the rings. A similarity relation between the critical states of the ring and the specimens subjected to bending tests was presented. The assumed hypothesis of maximum tensile stresses of the rigid outer laminate layers provided the basis for formulating a criterion for the allowable loads on the rings, depending on the assembly tension of the bolts and the operating pressure in the installation.The results of the bending tests, both in the elastic and failure range of the samples, confirmed the validity of the hypothesis about the proportionality of the breaking stresses in the ring and the bending, cuboid sample, made of a similar laminate.The area of dimensional optimisation of the joint with regard to its strength and stiffness criterion is indicated.The method provides a basis for evaluating the strength and tightness of a flange connection by means of experimental testing of specimens made of a laminate similar to the material of the rings. The results of the 3-point bend tests allow for the substitution of difficult tests of complex assembly components such as rings in a flanged connection, including the operating conditions of the connection in a pressure piping system.
{"title":"Determination of the strength characteristics of a flanged joint with a flat gasket and loose retaining rings using a 3-point bending test","authors":"G. Wróbel, M. Kalicki, K. Walczak","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.1595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1595","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the effectiveness of determining the strength of loose rings made, polymer laminate, using a 3-point bending test of rectangular material specimens differing in form and dimensions from actual structural components.The analysis carried out indicated a method of quantitative evaluation that could be directly related to the operating conditions of the rings. A similarity relation between the critical states of the ring and the specimens subjected to bending tests was presented. The assumed hypothesis of maximum tensile stresses of the rigid outer laminate layers provided the basis for formulating a criterion for the allowable loads on the rings, depending on the assembly tension of the bolts and the operating pressure in the installation.The results of the bending tests, both in the elastic and failure range of the samples, confirmed the validity of the hypothesis about the proportionality of the breaking stresses in the ring and the bending, cuboid sample, made of a similar laminate.The area of dimensional optimisation of the joint with regard to its strength and stiffness criterion is indicated.The method provides a basis for evaluating the strength and tightness of a flange connection by means of experimental testing of specimens made of a laminate similar to the material of the rings. The results of the 3-point bend tests allow for the substitution of difficult tests of complex assembly components such as rings in a flanged connection, including the operating conditions of the connection in a pressure piping system.","PeriodicalId":14825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.9645
E. Jonda, T. Karkoszka, K. Jonda
The article aims to present a proposal and discuss the Green Kaizen Model, which is focused on integrated development, ensuring cost reduction and fulfilling the requirements of all the organisation’s interested parties.The authors have prepared and presented the Green Kaizen Model in the study. Its effectiveness has been confirmed in the balanced development of the DPF production process.The development of the model, based on the multiannual experience of the automotive-oriented organisation and its systemic application, has confirmed that its implementation brings measurable benefits in the range of limiting the environmental aspects.The paper should be of special attention to engineers interested in applying Green Kaizen and recycling materials databases to develop processes.The value of the presented paper is constituted by the Green Kaizen Model. The proposed model may create a complex tool for improving the costs and quality range processes and be dedicated to sustainable development.
{"title":"Recycling materials database as a Green Kaizen for sustainable development in the automotive industry","authors":"E. Jonda, T. Karkoszka, K. Jonda","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.9645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9645","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to present a proposal and discuss the Green Kaizen Model, which is focused on integrated development, ensuring cost reduction and fulfilling the requirements of all the organisation’s interested parties.The authors have prepared and presented the Green Kaizen Model in the study. Its effectiveness has been confirmed in the balanced development of the DPF production process.The development of the model, based on the multiannual experience of the automotive-oriented organisation and its systemic application, has confirmed that its implementation brings measurable benefits in the range of limiting the environmental aspects.The paper should be of special attention to engineers interested in applying Green Kaizen and recycling materials databases to develop processes.The value of the presented paper is constituted by the Green Kaizen Model. The proposed model may create a complex tool for improving the costs and quality range processes and be dedicated to sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":14825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.9621
R. Wójcik, J. Sawicki
This paper presents a study aimed at determining the effect of the carburizing treatment process and the subsequent grinding process on the residual stresses occurring in ring-shaped specimens made of 13CrMo4-5 steel.During the tests, vacuum carburizing was used, achieving an effective case depth ECD = 0.5 mm. Subsequently, the cylindrical outer surfaces of the samples were ground by conventional plunge grinding and with innovative kinematics using a test stand based on a conventional flat-surface grinding machine. As part of the study, microhardness and residual stresses were measured before and after grinding. Measurements were carried out to a depth of 1 mm. The main component of the stand is an original special device that allows the cylindrical specimen to be clamped. Then the angle between its axis of rotation and the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel is set with respect to the plane of the grinding machine’s magnetic table. In the described tests, the axis of rotation of the cylindrical specimen was deviated from its original position by 15 and set at an angle of 75 to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel. The specimens were ground with a grinding wheel of noble electro-corundum marked 38A60K8V. In both kinematic cases of the grinding process, a machining allowance of 0.01 mm was removed.Grinding using innovative kinematics did not cause any significant changes in the microhardness distribution, either for vacuum or conventional carburizing. In addition, residual stress measurements using the Dawidenkov-Sachs method showed that innovative grinding enables a more favourable distribution than those obtained after conventional plunge grinding.Further research will focus on, among others, selecting the angular settings of the workpiece axes relative to the grinding wheel axes depending on their dimensions. Grinding guidelines should include coverage ratio, infeed value, grinding time, and peripheral speeds. In addition, the plan for future research includes measuring the components of the grinding force and the geometric structure of the surface.Grinding process is a crucial stage of steel treatment in almost every industrial branch. In sustainable manufacturing, it is extremely important to produce high-quality items while reducing the cost of manufacturing and taking care of the environment and workers’ health.The proposed test stand, together with the authors’ device, makes it possible to conduct machining of the external surfaces of cylindrical workpieces on a flat surface grinder. In this case, the innovation of the grinding process consists of the non-parallel alignment of the cylindrical rotational axis of the specimen and the rotational axis of the grinding wheel with respect to the plane of the magnetic grinding table.
{"title":"Effects of thermo-chemical treatment and grinding process of external cylindrical surfaces on residual stresses in 13CrMo4-5 steel","authors":"R. Wójcik, J. Sawicki","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.9621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9621","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study aimed at determining the effect of the carburizing treatment process and the subsequent grinding process on the residual stresses occurring in ring-shaped specimens made of 13CrMo4-5 steel.During the tests, vacuum carburizing was used, achieving an effective case depth ECD = 0.5 mm. Subsequently, the cylindrical outer surfaces of the samples were ground by conventional plunge grinding and with innovative kinematics using a test stand based on a conventional flat-surface grinding machine. As part of the study, microhardness and residual stresses were measured before and after grinding. Measurements were carried out to a depth of 1 mm. The main component of the stand is an original special device that allows the cylindrical specimen to be clamped. Then the angle between its axis of rotation and the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel is set with respect to the plane of the grinding machine’s magnetic table. In the described tests, the axis of rotation of the cylindrical specimen was deviated from its original position by 15 and set at an angle of 75 to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel. The specimens were ground with a grinding wheel of noble electro-corundum marked 38A60K8V. In both kinematic cases of the grinding process, a machining allowance of 0.01 mm was removed.Grinding using innovative kinematics did not cause any significant changes in the microhardness distribution, either for vacuum or conventional carburizing. In addition, residual stress measurements using the Dawidenkov-Sachs method showed that innovative grinding enables a more favourable distribution than those obtained after conventional plunge grinding.Further research will focus on, among others, selecting the angular settings of the workpiece axes relative to the grinding wheel axes depending on their dimensions. Grinding guidelines should include coverage ratio, infeed value, grinding time, and peripheral speeds. In addition, the plan for future research includes measuring the components of the grinding force and the geometric structure of the surface.Grinding process is a crucial stage of steel treatment in almost every industrial branch. In sustainable manufacturing, it is extremely important to produce high-quality items while reducing the cost of manufacturing and taking care of the environment and workers’ health.The proposed test stand, together with the authors’ device, makes it possible to conduct machining of the external surfaces of cylindrical workpieces on a flat surface grinder. In this case, the innovation of the grinding process consists of the non-parallel alignment of the cylindrical rotational axis of the specimen and the rotational axis of the grinding wheel with respect to the plane of the magnetic grinding table.","PeriodicalId":14825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.9641
L. Driouach, K. Zarbane, Z. Beidouri
This paper aims to investigate how the use of 3D printing can facilitate the achievement of lean manufacturing objectives. The main goal of the study is to identify the similarities between the two concepts and evaluate how well they complement each other in terms of improving quality, productivity and reducing costs by eliminating waste.During this study, the methodology involved conducting a thorough and comprehensive examination of existing literature on lean manufacturing and additive manufacturing. The aim was to provide an overview of the relationship between these two concepts and gain insights into areas that require further research.Results obtained indicate a need for more comprehensive and detailed examination of the relationship between lean manufacturing and additive manufacturing in the existing literature. The study highlights the potential synergy between 3D printing and lean manufacturing, suggesting that their integration can enhance quality, productivity, and cost reduction through waste elimination. However, it is important to note that further empirical research is required to validate these findings and quantify the actual impact of combining these two concepts.This study’s limitation is that it relies exclusively on a literature review and does not include any experimental testing to verify the suggested connection between lean manufacturing and additive manufacturing.This study can help companies understand how the use of 3D printing can aid in achieving lean manufacturing objectives. Additionally, the study can provide insights into best practices for combining lean manufacturing and additive manufacturing and can help companies to optimise the benefits of both.The conducted literature review provides valuable insights into the relationship between 3D printing and lean manufacturing. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by synthesising and analysing previous studies, highlighting how 3D printing can potentially contribute to the achievement of lean manufacturing goals and how those two concepts can complement each other.
{"title":"The impacts of additive manufacturing technology on lean manufacturing","authors":"L. Driouach, K. Zarbane, Z. Beidouri","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.9641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9641","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to investigate how the use of 3D printing can facilitate the achievement of lean manufacturing objectives. The main goal of the study is to identify the similarities between the two concepts and evaluate how well they complement each other in terms of improving quality, productivity and reducing costs by eliminating waste.During this study, the methodology involved conducting a thorough and comprehensive examination of existing literature on lean manufacturing and additive manufacturing. The aim was to provide an overview of the relationship between these two concepts and gain insights into areas that require further research.Results obtained indicate a need for more comprehensive and detailed examination of the relationship between lean manufacturing and additive manufacturing in the existing literature. The study highlights the potential synergy between 3D printing and lean manufacturing, suggesting that their integration can enhance quality, productivity, and cost reduction through waste elimination. However, it is important to note that further empirical research is required to validate these findings and quantify the actual impact of combining these two concepts.This study’s limitation is that it relies exclusively on a literature review and does not include any experimental testing to verify the suggested connection between lean manufacturing and additive manufacturing.This study can help companies understand how the use of 3D printing can aid in achieving lean manufacturing objectives. Additionally, the study can provide insights into best practices for combining lean manufacturing and additive manufacturing and can help companies to optimise the benefits of both.The conducted literature review provides valuable insights into the relationship between 3D printing and lean manufacturing. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by synthesising and analysing previous studies, highlighting how 3D printing can potentially contribute to the achievement of lean manufacturing goals and how those two concepts can complement each other.","PeriodicalId":14825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.9620
A. Baryłka, M. Szota
An analysis is presented of the use of material and construction solutions used in construction, mainly residential, for the construction of OC (civil defence) shelters.The article presents procedures for designing reinforced concrete structures that make it possible to properly determine the load capacity of critical sections. In the present work, a study of the deformation stability of a zone of reinforced concrete sections that is subjected to compression is used. Computational methods based on Drucker's postulate were used to solve the problem. The proposed approach enables the determination of the values of ultimate and failure strains based on the analysis of the loading path of a reinforced concrete section.Generally, shelters built into residential buildings are analysed, intended to be constructed in the rooms of the basement floor. A reduced need for ancillary space, the basement room, is observed. Garage functions are located on the basement floor. The plan contours of the basement are often larger than those of the ground floor. It is possible to design a shelter for the residents of the building, which ensures the greatest efficiency in its use. It is desirable to maintain uniform material and construction solutions while maintaining technological and organisational solutions during the erection of the entire building.The paper indicates the possibility of using some of the material and structural solutions of the housing construction in the realisation of OC shelters built into the basement floor. The construction of free-standing shelters was not analysed separately, but the proposals presented in the paper can also be applied to the type of OC shelters. Some results of the analysis of the adaptation of material and structural solutions of the housing construction to the needs of OC shelters construction will be presented during the symposium.It is advisable to develop models for the construction of OC shelters using contemporary technologies used in the construction industry.Useful tool can be the proposed scheme for improving activities based on the EFQM model.
{"title":"Material and construction solutions in the construction of civil defence shelters","authors":"A. Baryłka, M. Szota","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.9620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9620","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis is presented of the use of material and construction solutions used in construction, mainly residential, for the construction of OC (civil defence) shelters.The article presents procedures for designing reinforced concrete structures that make it possible to properly determine the load capacity of critical sections. In the present work, a study of the deformation stability of a zone of reinforced concrete sections that is subjected to compression is used. Computational methods based on Drucker's postulate were used to solve the problem. The proposed approach enables the determination of the values of ultimate and failure strains based on the analysis of the loading path of a reinforced concrete section.Generally, shelters built into residential buildings are analysed, intended to be constructed in the rooms of the basement floor. A reduced need for ancillary space, the basement room, is observed. Garage functions are located on the basement floor. The plan contours of the basement are often larger than those of the ground floor. It is possible to design a shelter for the residents of the building, which ensures the greatest efficiency in its use. It is desirable to maintain uniform material and construction solutions while maintaining technological and organisational solutions during the erection of the entire building.The paper indicates the possibility of using some of the material and structural solutions of the housing construction in the realisation of OC shelters built into the basement floor. The construction of free-standing shelters was not analysed separately, but the proposals presented in the paper can also be applied to the type of OC shelters. Some results of the analysis of the adaptation of material and structural solutions of the housing construction to the needs of OC shelters construction will be presented during the symposium.It is advisable to develop models for the construction of OC shelters using contemporary technologies used in the construction industry.Useful tool can be the proposed scheme for improving activities based on the EFQM model.","PeriodicalId":14825,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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